1. Intro

Use first 3 minutes 16 seconds of OTC in a compiled version.

2. Steelmaking Process

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Steel is the basis of all the happiness that humankind can dream of.Now, we hear the heartbeat of steel resound toward fu-ture.You are here at POSCO,which is at once the birthplace of Korean steel industryand the center of the world’s best technology.The company has its head office in Pohang, Seoul office, Production Application Center in Incheon. and the world’s largest integrated steelworks each in Pohang and Gwangyang.

Now, we will look at the steel manufacturing pro-cesses of iron smelting, steelmaking, and rolling.

Iron smelting, steelmaking, rolling

Iron Smelting

Iron smelting is the first process in steel-making that melts iron ore to make molten iron.

Iron SmeltingFirst process of steelmaking that makes molten iron by melting iron ore

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To make them fit for blast furnaces, iron ore and coal, which are the steelmaking raw materials, are formed into solid lumps in sintering and coke-making processes, re-spectively.

Sintering processCoke-making process

PohangSeoul Office / Songdo PAC (Production Application Center)Pohang Steelworks / Gwangyang Steelworks

How is the world-changing POSCO’s steel born?

2. Steelmaking Process

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As pre-treated sintered ore and cokes are loaded into the blast furnace and minimum 1,200℃ hot air is blown in, cokes are oxidated and sintered ores are re-duced to make molten iron.

Finex technology first commercialized by POSCO.

Omitting the sintering and coke-making processes and directly using iron ore fines and coal to produce molten iron, Finex technology is an innovative molten-iron manufacturing technology that is more economical and eco-friendly than blast furnace method. As a facility that reduces iron ore fines, fluidized-bed furnace can be used regardless of type of raw materials, as tiny iron ore particles are reduced by gas while they are fluid. Smelting furnace is a facility that burns coal with oxy-gen and uses the generated heat to make molten iron. As it simply melts already reduced iron, internal chemi-cal reaction is not as complex as with a blast furnace, thus enabling simpler operation.

Finex

Finex technology first commercialized by POSCO.

Possessing the world’s largest blast furnace with an inter-nal volume of 6,000m3, POSCO boasts the world’s largest size and highest efficiency with its high productivity smelt-ing technology that integrates eco-friendly innovation.

World’s largest blast furnace with an inter-nal volume of 6,000m3

2. Steelmaking Process

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Steel-making process removes impurities from molten iron to make steel.

When molten iron moved to torpedo car is loaded into the converter and pure oxygen is blown at high pres-sure, carbon, phosphorus, sulfur, manganese, and sili-con, which are included in the molten iron, are burned off, thus creating clean molten steel. Here, the composi-tion and temperature of molten steel are adjusted to varying customer requirements . And the continuous casting of liquid molten steel makes slab, bloom, and bil-let, which are used as intermediate materials for final steel products.

As an innovative steelmaking technology owned by POSCO, PS-BOP is an eco-friendly method that uses as its source of energy the heat generated during blowing in the converter.Maximizing the secondary combustion of carbon monoxide generated during blowing by spraying hot air from the top of the converter and using the secondary combustion heat to increase the amount of used scrap iron, the technology up-grades price competitiveness and the amount of greenhouse gas.

POSCO’s innovative steelmaking technology PS-BOP (POSCO-Saarstahl Basic Oxygen Process)

Slab, bloom, billet

Steelmaking ProcessProcess of removing impurities from molten iron to make steel.

2. Steelmaking Process

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POSCO focuses on securing processability and stable quality of automotive steel plates by op-erating RH facilities that conduct secondary re-fining for the molten steel made in the converter and vacuum refining facilities such as VTD and thus putting extreme control on microscale gas and sulfur.

RH facilities and VTD facilities

Rolling Process

Next process is rolling that operates in making a variety of final steel products.

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Hot-rolling process, which makes steel plates by applying heat to slab or bloom, manufactures coil-like hot-rolled product, thick steel plate, and wire rod, while cold-rolling process manufactures cold-rolled products by rolling hot-rolled products thin-ner.And by coating cold-rolled products with zinc, plate products are made, while by giving magnetic quality to them, electric steel plates are made.

Rolling ProcessIt produces a variety of final steel products.

Thick steel plateWire rodHot-rollingCold-rollingPlatingElectric steel plate

2. Steelmaking Process

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As next-generation rolling technology for welding rolled slabs together and continuously rolling them, POSCO’s continuous rolling technology can produce quality hot-rolled steel plate 1mm or thin-ner while reducing processing time.

Continuous rolling technology

CEM process of ‘High Mill’ project is an inte-grated steel plate manufacturing technology that ensures continuous production from molten steel to hot-rolled coil by putting together con-tinuous casting process and rolling process in a single line-up. By directly rolling hot thin slabs without cutting them, it can not only upgrade quality and output for hot-rolled coil but also produce very thin products.

CEM process

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POSCO’s Offshore structural steel

3. Steel Products & Solutions

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POSCO steel boasts the world’s best quality, while high-quality structural steel that meets various re-quirements from energy industry.

We will look at POSCO’s steel products for energy that are recognized as world best.

Steel Plates for Shipbuilding POSCO produces mild steel and high strength steel for shipbuilding which are approved by the world’s eleven ship classification societies such as ABS, DNV, and NK, and is supplying quality shipbuilding steel to global big three shipyards.

By producing offshore structural steel that boasts ex-cellent performance and weldability, POSCO supplies steel to offshore structures needed for gas & oil ex-ploration, drilling, and production, and various mar-itime projects such as offshore wind power and pipe laying vessel.

Steel Plates for Offshore structure

Recognized worldwide for the excellent quality and performance of its offshore structural steel, POSCO has been designated as official supplier to oil ma-jors such as ExxonMobil, Shell, BP, and Total.

API 2W Gr. 50/60ExxonMobil, Shell, BP, Total

Let’s meet POSCO’s steels that makes the world sur-prised!

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Steel plates for Pressure Vessel POSCO produces various pressure vessel steel plates for LNG storage tanks, boilers, heat ex-changers, and reactors.

Also, POSCO produces cryogenic 9% nickel steel that registers excellent low-temperature impact toughness at 196℃ below zero, thus supplying steel to LNG tanks for ships and LNG terminals.

9% Nickel steels

OCTG and Linepipe steelsPOSCO produces OCTG steel that boasts corrosion-resistance and stress & corrosion resistance excel-lent enough for development and production of oil and natural gas, which is used for drilling, casing, and tubing.

For API steel adopted for line pipe that mainly serves to transport energy resources such as gas and oil, hot-rolled and thick steel plates are used. With enhanced low-temperature roughness and corrosion resistance enable it to be used in the se-vere conditions in the polar arctic regions.

3. Steel Products & Solutions

POSCO’s wire rod for offshore structure, which reg-isters great strength and excellent durability, is widely used in offshore projects. Especially, deep-water project increases demand for high perfor-mance wire rod in drilling and producing from off-shore structures which is applied to mooring wire and flexible pipe.

Wire rods

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With its own integrated production facilities, the stainless steel plant produces rust-resistant stain-less steel products by adding nickel and minimum 12% of chrome to steel.

Stainless Steels

POSCO’s titanium products are applied to facilities such as seawater desalination plant, dehydration tower, and plate heat exchanger.

Titanium

3. Steel Products & Solutions

POSCO has developed new high manganese steels controlling carbon and manganese content for abrasion resistant steel, slurry pipe, non-magnetic applications and cryogenic service.

High Manganese Steels

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4. Solution Recap

In addition to its steel products for energy industry, POSCO provides various customized solutions for cus-tomers based on its welding, structural performance, and engineering technology in various areas of Off-shore structure, wind power, LNG terminal, linepipe, and OCTG.

Now, meet POSCO, the total solution provider that pro-vides foremost services around the world!

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What makes POSCO's unique competitiveness and cus-tom-tailored solution?

Offshore structure/ wind power/ LNG terminal/ linepipe, and OCTG

POSCO provides a structural and geotechnical design of suction piles for the sub-structures of offshore wind. This ensures the faster installation compared to the conven-tional pile-supported structures, thus reducing the con-struction period by about 60% to 70%.

Offshore Structure Solution — offshore structures sup-ported by suction pilesSteel for offshore structures (S355ML, S355G10+M, API 2W 60)

POSCO is conducting large scale fatigue testing and structural testing for tendon porch in TLP, and perform-ing simulation of ice collision to arctic offshore structures by free fall impact test, which gives design optimization and product reliability.

Offshore Structure Solution — evaluation of structural performance Steel for offshore structures and ships (API 2W Gr. 50/60, EH40, FH40)

POSCO’s slogan

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4. Solution Recap

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For the design of offshore wind turbines, ‘weight reduc-tion” must be one of the key factors'. By developing war-ren truss jacket support structures, POSCO has reduced weight of steel structure by maximum 42% which de-creases the stress applied to tendon porch by 20%.

Wind power Solution- Jacket Substructure for Offshore Wind Power Structural steels for offshore (S355ML, S355G10)

For LNG terminals, POSCO provides a design optimizing solu-tion that uses 2,400MPa PT System. This can reduce total amount of pre-stressed tendons, ducts, and anchorages by up to 25% and construction cost and period by up to 15% .

LNG Terminal Solution — LNG & LPG storage outer tank that uses 2,400Mpa Post-Tensioning System

Pre-stressed 2,400MPa concrete strand (PosCABLE98)

OCTG & Line Pipe Solution, which simulates the manufactur-ing of UOE/JCO/ERW, can predict the yield stress of line pipes and OCTG. By applying the solution, one can develop high-performance line pipes and OCTG that register a high level of collapse resistance and bending capacity.

OCTG & Linepipe Solution — improving the struc-tural performance of line pipes and OCTG

Linepipes: API X65/X70/X80 & OCTG: API J55/K55/L80/N80/P110

The second solution applied to OCTG & line pipes is the evaluation of their structural performance. Evaluating the structural performance such as cold-bending, tensile strain, compressive strain, and fatigue with a large scale testing machine ensures design optimization.

OCTG & Linepipe Solution — improving the struc-tural performance of line pipes

Steel plates and coils for oil & gas pipeline (API 5L X70, X80, X100)

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5.Closing

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With strong passion for steel, we’re writing new history in steel technology and thereby keep the global energy supply chain in operation, right here at POSCO. POSCO, The Great