1 if you can read this, thank your health teacher! the link between adolescent school health and...

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If You Can Read This, Thank Your Health Teacher!

The Link between Adolescent School Health and Academics

John Lagomarsino, School Health Education ConsultantCoordinated School Health and Safety Office

Presentation at 14th Annual Prevention Educators Conference

May 5, 2011Berkeley, CA

CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATIONTom Torlakson, State Superintendent of Public Instruction

CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATIONTom Torlakson, State Superintendent Public Instruction

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Today’s climate in education is in a state of flux. Public debate centers on how schools can do what they do even better—despite shrinking budgets and new challenges. . . . [E]ducational reforms will be effective only if students’ health and well-being are identified as contributors to academic success and are at the heart of decision and policy making. Schools, in concert with students, their families, and communities, must consider how well schools are accomplishing their missions and how they can best help students realize their full potential.

—Eva Marx, Susan Frelick Wooley, and Daphne Northrop, Health Is Academic, 1998, p. 293

Guess the Date of this Quote


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Is student health the missing piece in school reform?


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Making the Link…

Health + Academics =

Successful Healthy Students


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How do we know?

Look at the research and dataWhat does it tell us?What are the implications for my

school?


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Forging the Links . . .

Discuss the provided research document with a partner and report out to the group:

The title of the document The link between health and academic

achievement discussed The results of the study that stood out for you


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CDC Fact Sheets Health Risk Behaviors and Academic

Achievement Physical Inactivity and Unhealthy Dietary

Behaviors and Academic Achievement Tobacco Use and Academic Achievement Alcohol and Other Drug Use and Academic

Achievement Unintentional Injury and Violence Related

Behaviors and Academic Achievement


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California Healthy Kids Survey (CHKS) Fact Sheet Are Student Health Risks & Low Resilience

Assets an Impediment to the Academic Progress of Schools?

Health Risks, Resilience, and the Academic Performance Index


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Getting Results Fact Sheet What Does Getting Results Say About Student

Health, Supportive Schools, and Academic Achievement?

WestEd Reports Student Health Risks, Resilience and

Academic Performance: Year 1 Report Student Health Risks, Resilience, and

Academic Performance in California: Year 2 Report, Longitudinal Analysis


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Further Links between Health and Academic Success

Using the CHKS to Help Improve Schools and Student Achievement Recent Research on Health and Achievement


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Every Health Risk Can Affect Academic Success

Interventions can narrow disparities.

Health interventions can improve learning and health.

Dilley, 2009


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Healthy Students Learn Better

Adolescents with poor general health were found less likely to graduate from high school than healthier students.

CDE, 2005; Currie, 2005; Fiscella, 2009


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Healthy Schools/Healthy Communities

School Performance

Healthy

Children

Healthy Communities

Increased Social Capital

“The relationship between schooling and health outcomes is one of the strongest generalizations to emerge from empirical research in the U.S.”

Nagya R. (2000). Applied Economics, 32, 815-822


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Examples of Success from the Field

Nutrition (School breakfast programs):

Inner-city students mostly (African American) in grades one through eight who ate a school breakfast at least 80 percent of the time, had

Better math grades Less hyperactivity Better attendance – less tardiness

than students who ate a school breakfast less than 80 percent of the time.

Murphy, Pagano, Nachmani, et al.,1998


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Nutrition Services States that: prohibit junk food consumption; evaluate their nutrition; prohibit food as a reward; and provide funding for staff training have:

Better academic performance Higher test scores

Vinciullo and Bradley, 2009


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Nutrition Services & Parent Involvement

School Nutrition Policy Initiative:

Implemented for grades four through six 50% low income Included nutrition education and policy, social

marketing, and parent outreach

Result: 50% reduction of overweight incidence

Foster, Sherman, Borradaile, et al., 2008


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Counseling, Psychological, & Social Services

Mental health and counseling services provided to high school students

Result:

Decreased absenteeism and tardiness.

Gall, Pagano, Desmond, et al., 2000


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Physical Education

An increase in physical activity in classrooms, through extended physical education classes or physical activity breaks, showed that students either performed better or the same as control group, despite having less classroom instruction time.

Pellegrini and Davis, 1993


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Physical Education

States that do not teach physical education, do not provide staff development for physical educators, and do not have someone to oversee physical education at the state level have:

Higher dropout rates Diminished academic achievement



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Importance of Recess

Time spent in recess appears to have a positive relationship or no relationship with children’s attention, concentration, and/or on-task classroom behavior.

Children were less fidgety, less listless, more focused, and more on task compared with when they did not have recess.

Pellegrini, Huberty, Jones, 1995; Raviv, Low, 1990;

Pollatschek, O’Hagan 1989; Sallis, McKenzi,

Kolody,Lewis, Marshall, Rosengard,1999;

Jarret, Maxwell, Dickerson, Hoge, Davies, Yetley,1980


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Nutrition, Physical Activity & Tobacco Healthy Maine Partnerships funded health

coordinators and offered physical activity intramurals, improved nutrition education, and tobacco cessation.

Result:

Decreased soda consumption Higher physical activity Reduction in tobacco use

O’Brien, Polacsek, MacDonald, et al., 2010


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Healthy School Environment

A social development project in Seattle for grades one through six included training for Students - cognitive; social skills Teachers - classroom management; interactive teaching Parents - child behavior management

Result: Improved language, math, and reading Improved study skills Improved School attachment

O’Donnell, Hawkins, et al.,1995


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Healthy School Environment

States with policies prohibiting harassment of students by fellow students and prevention of harassment at school were found to have

Higher test scores Lower dropout rates

than states that have not implemented such health-promoting policies.



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Positive Bonding with the School

Students who report this bonding are:

More likely to remain academically engaged Less likely to be involved with misconduct at

school or engage in activities that may put them at risk

-Blum & Rinehart, 1997; Hawkins et al. 1992, 1999


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Health Education States that taught health related topics at high

school level and had someone oversee health education at individual school sites had students who:

Scored higher on advanced placement Performed better academically Were more likely to complete high school



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Staff Health Promotion

Worksite wellness programs have been shown to decrease absenteeism and improve productivity.

The evidence that healthier worksites create healthier, more productive employees can be extended to suggest that healthier schools may create healthier, more successful students.

Harris, Lichiello, Hannon 2009; Goetzel, Ozminkowski 2008


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Something to Ponder…

Think about the students in your school/community

What health behaviors compromise their ability to succeed academically?

What’s the impact on your school district?


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Some common issues…

Not enough sleep Hungry, poor nutrition Substance abuse problems Tardiness to class because of smoking Stressed-out Afraid of violence Family/peer problems that occupy their thinking Sick, and don’t have health care available


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Assessing Your District

Turn to a partner: Look at the provided data Discuss the implications of the data in light of

previously discussed research Blank template provided Data available on CDE Data Quest

http://dq.cde.ca.gov/dataquest/


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What often happens in schools…

Health-impacting programs and activities are fragmented

No one is fully aware of what others are doing

Student’s health needs are unmet


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What needs to happen . . .

Coordination of School Health Programs

A planned and coordinated school-based approach that is designed to enhance child and adolescent health

A framework around which existing and future district- and school-level programs and services can be organized


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Coordinated School Health Programs

The Good News! These components already exist in your

school/district

The Challenge… Coordinating these efforts


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How Coordinated School Health Programs Benefits Students

Improved student learning

Decreased risky behaviors

Reduced drop out rates

Less absenteeism

Less fighting

Improved rates of physical activity


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How Coordinated School Health Programs Help Schools

Save money Reduce duplication of services/programs

Reduce absenteeism (students and staff)

Improve student performance and test scores

Improve student classroom behavior

Improve staff morale

Support teacher teamwork

Avenue to increase family involvement


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What it looks like…

Multiple interventions exist: Policy Instruction Direct intervention Environmental change Role modeling Social support Peer instruction Media


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What it looks like…

There is a system of coordination for activities that impact student health led by: School principal School health coordinator School health teams District-level school/community team


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The Principal is Key…

A major key to the coordination and success of many CSH programs is the school principal.

Where plans have succeeded, the principal is a strong leader who promotes a spirit of teamwork.

Without the principal’s direction, the program will almost certainly not succeed.

“Lessons From the Field”, 2003, CDC


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Four Key Processes

CommunicationCooperationCoordinationCollaboration


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1 if you can read this, thank your health teacher! the link between adolescent school health and...

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