1 g5 cells
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*Organism: is a living thing.*Cell: is the smallest unit of living things that can carry out the basic processes of life.*Example:-muscle cells specialize in movement. -Red blood cells carry oxygen to other cells
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*A tissue: is a group of similar cells that work together to perform a job.*An organ: is a group of tissues work together to carry out a job.
-As organs work together in an organ system to perform life function.*Example: the circulatory system includes heart, blood and blood vessels.These work together to bring food, oxygen and other materials to the cells.Also some organ systems work together with others.
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Example:*The digestive system sends food
to
the circulatory system
*The blood vessels in the circulatory system bring food to the cells.
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-Unicellular: one-celled, organism is made of a single cell that carries out its life processes .
Include growing, responding to environment, reproducing and getting food.
-Multicellular: Many-celled, organisms are made of more than one cell.*Example: frog, trees and you*In multicellular organisms, every cell carries out its own life processes. The cells also work together to take care of different functions for the organism.
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Scientists estimatethat there are more
than 1 billion kinds ofunicellular organisms
Note
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*Plant cells and animal cells have several basic structures called organelles have functions that help keep the cell alive.
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Animal cell
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functions description componentsControls what materials move into and out of the cell.
-flexible wrapping layer around the outside of the cell.
Cell membrane
-Supports all the cell's structures.
-some of the cell's life processes take place in it.
-Gel-like liquid made mostly of water filed the cell membrane and variety of organelles float in it.
Cytoplasm
-Its wall allows certain materials to pass in and out.
-sends signals to all other parts of the cell as it controls the cell growth, movement and division.
*The cell's control center* It’s large, round
*Has membrane with pores or openings.
*In the center of the cell
Nucleus
Supplies energy for the cell as they break down food which release energy.
*oval, membrane-covered organelle
Mitochondria
-Store water, food and wastes-Release whatever it is
storing by the nucleus 'signal
* membrane-covered*some animal cells have many
vacuoles and some may not have any.
vacuoles
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Plant cell
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Plant cells have a box-like shape and are bit larger
than animal cells.
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*Plant cells have additional organelles that animal cells don’t have.
1)Cell wall: * Additional outer covering around the cell. * Its function :provides the plant cell with strength and extra support.
2)Vacuole: * Usually have one large, central vacuole. *Its function :-Store water that keeps the plant from drying out. -Release the water they have stored according to the plant needs.3)Chloroplasts: *Green structures where the energy from sunlight is used to produce food for the plant. *Are green because they contain a chemical called chlorophyll that is able to use energy in sunlight.
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*So the plants make their
own food in chloroplasts.
*Chloroplasts are mainly found in the cells of leaves and stem of
plants.
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Animal cell Plant cell × √ Cell wall
√ √ Mitochondria
× √ Chloroplasts
√ √ Nucleus
√ √ Chromosomes
small large Vacuole
√ √ Cell membrane
√ √ cytoplasm
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Q:How are complex organisms organized?
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Q: compare and contrast which cell has
a stronger outer covering a plant cell or
an animal cell ?
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Q: A plant cell has a thick cell wall and large
vacuoles.However, it does not seem
to have chloroplasts.What part of the plant might this cell be from?