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FACS Final ReviewFACS Final ReviewChapters 36, 37, Chapters 36, 37,

38,42,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,538,42,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,3,

54, 5554, 55

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Food Guide Pyramid (although new) is Food Guide Pyramid (although new) is still similar to the old onestill similar to the old one

Need aerobic exercise which improves Need aerobic exercise which improves efficiency of the heart and lungsefficiency of the heart and lungs

Need to follow recommendations on Need to follow recommendations on five food groupsfive food groups

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Needs more breads and grains than Needs more breads and grains than other parts (carbs– 40 to 65%)other parts (carbs– 40 to 65%)

Whole grain has more fiber which is Whole grain has more fiber which is so important to our dietso important to our diet

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Nutrition – is the way the body uses foodNutrition – is the way the body uses food Fats are nutrients that are the most Fats are nutrients that are the most

concentrated sources of energyconcentrated sources of energy

Calorie is the measure of a unit of heat Calorie is the measure of a unit of heat energyenergy

Hunger is the body’s physical signal that Hunger is the body’s physical signal that it needs foodit needs food

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Food satisfied emotional needs Food satisfied emotional needs because it is associated with feelingsbecause it is associated with feelings

Ie. Chicken soup and feeling illIe. Chicken soup and feeling ill

Social needs are usually family Social needs are usually family traditionstraditions

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Regional cookery are dishes known Regional cookery are dishes known to certain areas:to certain areas:

Maine = lobsterMaine = lobster Wisconsin = cheeseWisconsin = cheese

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Carbohydrates provide the body with Carbohydrates provide the body with ready energyready energy

Vitamins are needed in very small Vitamins are needed in very small amountsamounts

Food diary helps keep track of bothFood diary helps keep track of both

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Effective shipping systems let us have Effective shipping systems let us have the variety we enjoy todaythe variety we enjoy today

Our family eating patterns are from our Our family eating patterns are from our family’s habits when we were youngfamily’s habits when we were young

One way to avoid overeating is to One way to avoid overeating is to realize why we are eatingrealize why we are eating

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Avoiding certain foods because of an Avoiding certain foods because of an allergy help our medical conditionallergy help our medical condition

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Starch in complex carbs are turned Starch in complex carbs are turned into glucose (for energy)into glucose (for energy)

All 9 essential amino acids are All 9 essential amino acids are provided by beans and riceprovided by beans and rice

Vitamin C and B are needed every Vitamin C and B are needed every day because they are water soluble day because they are water soluble and not storedand not stored

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Iron anemia is the lack of iron in our Iron anemia is the lack of iron in our dietdiet

Symptoms are lack of energy and Symptoms are lack of energy and low resistance to infectionlow resistance to infection

Teen girls especially need iron due to Teen girls especially need iron due to menstruationmenstruation

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Osteoporosis is a lack of calcium in a Osteoporosis is a lack of calcium in a dietdiet

Symptoms sneak up on a personSymptoms sneak up on a person

Weak bones, broke or fracturedWeak bones, broke or fractured

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Arcing – is the sparks that can Arcing – is the sparks that can damage a microwave oven if a metal damage a microwave oven if a metal dish is useddish is used

The microwave is best suited for The microwave is best suited for reheating, small amounts of food and reheating, small amounts of food and tv dinnerstv dinners

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Fortified means adding extra nutrients during Fortified means adding extra nutrients during processingprocessing

Enriched means adding nutrients that were Enriched means adding nutrients that were lost in processing but were present naturallylost in processing but were present naturally

Nutrient density is the relationship between Nutrient density is the relationship between the number of calories a food has and the the number of calories a food has and the amount and types of nutrients it providesamount and types of nutrients it provides

**calories are a unit of measure of energy**calories are a unit of measure of energy

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Dietary FiberDietary Fiber Promotes healthy digestion and reduces Promotes healthy digestion and reduces

the risk of cancer and heart diseasesthe risk of cancer and heart diseases

Average American gets only 11 grams Average American gets only 11 grams per day and it is recommended it should per day and it is recommended it should be 20 to 35 grams per daybe 20 to 35 grams per day

(whole grain vs white bread)(whole grain vs white bread) (brown rice instead of white rice)(brown rice instead of white rice)

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Foods like chicken and fish contain Foods like chicken and fish contain all the nine essential amino acidsall the nine essential amino acids

Saturated fats are found in animal Saturated fats are found in animal sourcessources

Unsaturated fats are found in Unsaturated fats are found in vegetable oils, olive, corn, canolavegetable oils, olive, corn, canola

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ProteinsProteins CompleteComplete Have all the 9 Have all the 9

essential amino essential amino acidsacids

Obtained from Obtained from animal proteins animal proteins from meat, poultry, from meat, poultry, fish, eggs, and milkfish, eggs, and milk

IncompleteIncomplete

Contain some of Contain some of the essential amino the essential amino acids but not allacids but not all

From plants, dry From plants, dry beans, peas, nuts, beans, peas, nuts, seeds, vegetables, seeds, vegetables, and grainsand grains

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Gluten is the elastic, high-protein Gluten is the elastic, high-protein substance found in wheat floursubstance found in wheat flour

Develop gluten in yeast breads but Develop gluten in yeast breads but not muffinsnot muffins

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Expiration date is the last day a food Expiration date is the last day a food product is considered fresh and still product is considered fresh and still high in nutrientshigh in nutrients

When checking the nutrition label When checking the nutrition label find out how much fat, sugar, and find out how much fat, sugar, and sodium the product has compared to sodium the product has compared to othersothers

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PricingPricing Unit price label allows you to Unit price label allows you to

compare the price of two packages compare the price of two packages of the same product packaged in of the same product packaged in different quantitiesdifferent quantities

$4.99 per package$4.99 per package 18 oz per package18 oz per package 4.99/18= $.2722 per oz4.99/18= $.2722 per oz

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Pasteurized milk has been heated Pasteurized milk has been heated and cooled to kill harmful bacteriaand cooled to kill harmful bacteria

Whole milk-original nutrients with Whole milk-original nutrients with 3.5% fat3.5% fat

Low-fat milk-1% milk-less fatLow-fat milk-1% milk-less fat Skim milk-(Skim milk-(fat freefat free) almost all fat ) almost all fat

removedremoved

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A work plan is a way to organize the A work plan is a way to organize the tasks you must do to prepare a meal tasks you must do to prepare a meal efficiently and on timeefficiently and on time

Basic arrangement of the sink, Basic arrangement of the sink, refrigerator and range are called the refrigerator and range are called the work trianglework triangle

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Its important to be familiar with basic Its important to be familiar with basic definitions and techniques for cutting definitions and techniques for cutting and mixing food because following and mixing food because following recipes correctly depend on these recipes correctly depend on these techniquestechniques

Terms like puree, dice, cube, etcTerms like puree, dice, cube, etc

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Cross contaminationCross contamination Wash after handling raw meatsWash after handling raw meats

Wash counters and cutting boards Wash counters and cutting boards after handling raw meatsafter handling raw meats

Use raw meat (hamburger) within a Use raw meat (hamburger) within a day or two of purchaseday or two of purchase

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Using hot, soapy water to wash Using hot, soapy water to wash utensils in the kitchen prevents the utensils in the kitchen prevents the spread of salmonella bacteriaspread of salmonella bacteria

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Convenience store items are Convenience store items are generally higher in pricegenerally higher in price

Lack varietyLack variety Open 24 hoursOpen 24 hours

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Safe FoodSafe Food Choose packages that are less Choose packages that are less

misshapenmisshapen Avoid boxes taped shutAvoid boxes taped shut Bulging, dented, rusted cansBulging, dented, rusted cans

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Unit of FoodUnit of Food Price per unitPrice per unit On labelsOn labels

If too large a box it might spoil If too large a box it might spoil before you use itbefore you use it

Is it a good purchase??Is it a good purchase??

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Unit PricingUnit Pricing Price per unit is determined by price Price per unit is determined by price

and weight of productand weight of product

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Best Places To BuyBest Places To Buy Fresh fruits & VeggiesFresh fruits & Veggies

Buy at a farmer’s market if possibleBuy at a farmer’s market if possible

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Food LabelsFood Labels Calcium at 35% means if fulfills 35% Calcium at 35% means if fulfills 35%

of our daily recommended amountof our daily recommended amount

Ingredients are listed by order of Ingredients are listed by order of weightweight

If there are 1 serving is 150 calories If there are 1 serving is 150 calories what if you eat 2 servings??? what if you eat 2 servings???

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MeasuringMeasuring Measure liquids by setting the Measure liquids by setting the

measuring cup on a counter and lean measuring cup on a counter and lean overover

Measure flour by spooning the flour into Measure flour by spooning the flour into the cup and level off with a knife or the cup and level off with a knife or spatulaspatula

If you need to sift, measure after siftingIf you need to sift, measure after sifting

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To measure 1/8 t and you only have To measure 1/8 t and you only have ¼ t what should you do??¼ t what should you do??

How do you measure brown sugar?How do you measure brown sugar?

Water displacement is used for fatsWater displacement is used for fats

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TipsTips Coating the measuring spoon with oil Coating the measuring spoon with oil

helps when measuring sticky helps when measuring sticky substancessubstances

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BakewareBakeware

Used in the ovenUsed in the oven

CookwareCookware

Used on top of the Used on top of the stovestove

Casserole used for Casserole used for cooking and cooking and servingserving

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Stainless steel is great for heating Stainless steel is great for heating evenlyevenly

But it also stains with tomato based But it also stains with tomato based itemsitems

Ceramic pots can chip easilyCeramic pots can chip easily

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Types of CookingTypes of Cooking Moist HeatMoist Heat Cut up meats and veggies in a stewCut up meats and veggies in a stew

Dry HeatDry Heat Roast a chicken in the ovenRoast a chicken in the oven

BroilingBroiling for fat, tender cuts of meatfor fat, tender cuts of meat

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GrainsGrains Germ and bran are rich in B vitamins Germ and bran are rich in B vitamins

and ironand iron

Whole grain products should be Whole grain products should be stored in the fridgestored in the fridge

Yeast breads need time to rise and Yeast breads need time to rise and be kneadedbe kneaded

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Ready to eat cereals have a high Ready to eat cereals have a high sugar contentsugar content

Rice can be cooked in an equal Rice can be cooked in an equal amount of liquidamount of liquid

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Produce Produce Is both fresh fruits and vegetablesIs both fresh fruits and vegetables

Citrus fruits are juiciest if they are Citrus fruits are juiciest if they are heavy for their sizeheavy for their size

Seasonal produce are what is in Seasonal produce are what is in seasonseason

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Nutrients are the same as fresh and Nutrients are the same as fresh and frozenfrozen

Concentrates are juice products Concentrates are juice products where the water was removedwhere the water was removed

Fresh fruit and vegetables should be Fresh fruit and vegetables should be washedwashed

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MilkMilk Milk is fortified with vitamin DMilk is fortified with vitamin D

Cheese is a great source of calcium and Cheese is a great source of calcium and more caloriesmore calories

Yogurt and sour cream are cultured milk Yogurt and sour cream are cultured milk productsproducts

Milk can scorch easily, cook in heavy pansMilk can scorch easily, cook in heavy pans

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Dried milk if it has been re-hydrated Dried milk if it has been re-hydrated should be stored in the fridgeshould be stored in the fridge

Cheese toppings are added the last Cheese toppings are added the last few minutesfew minutes

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MeatMeat Fresh meat can be stored for 3 – 4 Fresh meat can be stored for 3 – 4

daysdays

Poultry can be stored 1 – 2 daysPoultry can be stored 1 – 2 days

Uncooked beans can be stored at Uncooked beans can be stored at room temperatureroom temperature

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Fish is done when the flesh can be Fish is done when the flesh can be separated with a forkseparated with a fork

Turkey and chicken are done when Turkey and chicken are done when the juices run clearthe juices run clear

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CareersCareers Food service workers usually work Food service workers usually work

directly with the consumerdirectly with the consumer

Agronomists need 4 years of Agronomists need 4 years of educationeducation

Meat cutters can be at a vocational Meat cutters can be at a vocational or as an apprenticeshipor as an apprenticeship

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Entry level jobs require no training, Entry level jobs require no training, educationeducation

Such as host, hostesses, waiters, etcSuch as host, hostesses, waiters, etc

Inventory personnel keep track of the Inventory personnel keep track of the stock at supermarketstock at supermarket