1 elisabeth staksrud hamburg 06.12.06 eurobarometer 2005 elisabeth staksrud european commission...
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Elisabeth StaksrudHamburg 06.12.06
Eurobarometer 2005Elisabeth Staksrud
European Commission Expert on New media and public attitudesHamburg 06.12.2006
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Elisabeth StaksrudHamburg 06.12.06
Who am I?
• Project Director New Media – Norwegian Media Authority (prev. Norwegian Board of Film Classification)
• Degree in Media and Communication• Initiated and coordinated the SAFT project (from 2002)• From 2004: training coordinator for the Europan Awareness Network and
European Commission’s expert on Internet and public opinion• Appointed member of the Norwegian Government’s Internet Advisory Board• Industry appointed member of the Norwegian Internet Self regulation Board• Currently research fellow at the Dept. of M & C at University of Oslo• Love to watch TV
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Elisabeth StaksrudHamburg 06.12.06
Survey information
• The Eurobarometer survey presents the attitudes of European Union citizens towards illegal and harmful content on the Internet and their knowledge of how to protect their children against it. It covers 25 Member states, candidate and acceding countries and was conducted in December 2005.
• The survey was commissioned by the Directorate-General
Information Society and Media and was carried out by TNS Opinion & Social, a consortium formed by TNS and EOS Gallup Europe
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Elisabeth StaksrudHamburg 06.12.06
Survey information
Aim: Map out use of Internet in Europe general and among children particularily.
Gather information on childrens potential access to harmful or illegal content on the Internet.
Map out parental control over the use of Internet and awareness level and information about safe use
Target/number of Interviews – 3 selections:
•General European public above 15 years (29 248 respondents representing 442 620 588 Europeans)
•Caretakers with children aged 17 and under in their household (7560 respondents).
•Further selection of caretakers claiming that child uses Internet (3791 respondents)
Method: Face-to-Face interviews in peoples homes in national language. Addresses selected random route procedures
Fieldwork period: December 2005 – January 2006
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Elisabeth StaksrudHamburg 06.12.06
Two important premisses to remember when reading the results:
1. It is not parents, but ”caretakers” that respond on behalf of themselves and children in the household. Status of caretaker is unknown.
2. Results regarding children’s use are based on parental assessment – and must not be confused with what children actually do or how much access they have
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Elisabeth StaksrudHamburg 06.12.06
What I will do
• Summarize main findings from Eurobarometer 2005 with a special emphasis on German results when relevant – Parental self assessment and knowledge– Parental assessment of their children’s access and usage
• Try to give some overall strategic awareness advice by looking at research on children
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Elisabeth StaksrudHamburg 06.12.06
Use of Internet in EU by respondents' socio-demographic characteristics
15%
20%
30%
39%
43%
46%
54%
55%
64%
75%
75%
77%
89%
91%
15%
49%
58%
47%
Retired
TEA: 15 -
Age 55+
House persons
Unemployed
Women
Manual workers
TEA: 16-19
EU25
Age 40-54
Men
Self-employed
Age 25-39
Employees
TEA: 20+
Age 15-24
Managers
Students
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Elisabeth StaksrudHamburg 06.12.06
Using the Internet: self-assessed expertise
40%
32%
32%
31%
28%
23%
23%
23%
22%
18%
14%
16%
16%
15%
10%
7%
9%
42%
46%
45%
47%
47%
49%
47%
47%
47%
48%
52%
48%
46%
44%
45%
46%
43%
15%
18%
18%
18%
22%
23%
24%
22%
26%
23%
26%
27%
27%
29%
37%
37%
32%
2%
3%
3%
4%
4%
4%
5%
8%
5%
10%
7%
9%
11%
11%
9%
10%
15%
House persons
TEA: 15-
Retired
Aged 55+
Manual workers
Women
TEA: 16-19
Aged 40-54
Unemployed
Self-employed
Employees
Aged 25-39
TEA: 20+
Men
Aged 15-24
Students
Managers
A beginner An intermediate user An advanced user An expert user
40% of all men regard themselves
as advanced or expert users!
Women rate themselves just above
retired people, but below unemployed
and teens
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Elisabeth StaksrudHamburg 06.12.06
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Elisabeth StaksrudHamburg 06.12.06
Do you know where or to whom you can report illegal content you see on the Internet?
22%
38%
41%
54%
52%
26%
43%
38%
26%
29%
51%
18%
20%
17%
18%
AC/CC4
NMS10
EU15-2003
EU15
EU25
Yes No DK
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Elisabeth StaksrudHamburg 06.12.06
Yes! I know where or to whom you can report illegal content you se on the Internet (by country)
• Average EU25 level is 52%
• Germany is one of the ”top four countries” on awareness about illegal content
• Awareness level has significantly increased since 2003 in the 15 ”old” member states, from 41% til 54% on average.
17%
25%
28%
29%
36%
37%
40%
41%
42%
43%
45%
45%
46%
46%
49%
50%
56%
57%
59%
60%
61%
63%
63%
69%
79%
52%
LT
LV
HU
EE
MT
PT
ES
PL
CZ
EL
NL
SI
CY
SK
FR
BE
EU25
IT
IE
FI
UK
SE
DE
AT
LU
DK
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Elisabeth StaksrudHamburg 06.12.06
Who do they know they can report to?
• The European public associates illegal content with the police!
• Half of the European public does not recognize that ”same rules apply” (illegal is illegal) when you add technology
Do you know where or to whom you can report illegal content you see on the Internet?
77%
1%
0%
1%
2%
6%
7%
17%
61%
2%
0%
1%
2%
6%
3%
34%
43%
4%
1%
2%
2%
3%
5%
49%
47%
3%
1%
1%
2%
3%
4%
47%
No /DK
Others
Parent associations
Associations, NGOs
Schools
Internet service providers
Hotlines, tiplines set up forthis purpose
The police
EU25
EU15
NMS10
AC/CC4
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Elisabeth StaksrudHamburg 06.12.06
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Elisabeth StaksrudHamburg 06.12.06
The use of Internet among children (by age brackets)
34%
51%
68%
85%
50%
9%
88%
73%
87%
Young adults
Aged <6
Aged 6-7
All children
Aged 8-9
Aged 10-11
Aged 12-13
Aged 14-15
Aged 16-17
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Elisabeth StaksrudHamburg 06.12.06
Internet usage among children by country (compared to the previous surveys)
15%
20%
45%
31%
42%
39%
45%
30%
45%
45%
47%
50%
45%
49%
42%
57%
58%
58%
47%
63%
62%
64%
60%
64%
68%
26%
32%
36%
38%
39%
41%
42%
46%
47%
47%
52%
52%
52%
54%
56%
57%
58%
62%
64%
65%
65%
67%
68%
71%
52%
EL
CY
ES
PT
IT
HU
IE
SK
DE
PL
FR
LV
LT
AT
MT
LU
CZ
SI
BE
SE
FI
UK
EE
NL
DK
2005
2003/2004
German children are in the low-range in Europe when it comes to using Internet (according to
their parents).
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Elisabeth StaksrudHamburg 06.12.06
% of parents declaring that child uses Internet at home and at school
15%
39%
31%
27%
19%
15%
34%
33%
17%
33%
28%
33%
31%
44%
44%
37%
26%
58%
44%
36%
34%
31%
45%
50%
53%
52%
11%
15%
16%
17%
20%
22%
22%
22%
25%
27%
28%
34%
34%
35%
36%
36%
39%
45%
48%
48%
50%
52%
57%
59%
65%
65%
EL
SK
HU
PT
CY
ES
LT
PL
IT
LV
IE
EU25
FR
CZ
MT
AT
DE
UK
EE
SI
BE
LU
FI
SE
DK
NL
Home
School
Home is the most common place in nearly all of the ‘old’ Member States. Home gives the possibility of multiple and flexible access.
This pattern also applies to Germany; usage at home is more common than usage schools (39% vs. 26%). This is expected to change fast, with increased home usage.
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Elisabeth StaksrudHamburg 06.12.06
% of children owning a mobile phone (by age brackets)
23%
41%
70%
80%
87%
36%
7%
2%Aged <6
Aged 6-7
Aged 8-9
All children
Aged 10-11
Aged 12-13
Aged 14-15
Aged 16-17
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Elisabeth StaksrudHamburg 06.12.06
01020304050
60708090
100
Age 5
or younger
Age 6-
7
Age 8-
9
Age 10
-11
Age 12
-13
Age 14
-15
Age 16
-17
Boys Internet
Girls Internet
Boys Mobile
Girls Mobile
%
Use of Internet among children and ownership of cell phones (by age brackets and gender)
Average level of Internet use in E25, people above 15 years
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Elisabeth StaksrudHamburg 06.12.06
Use of the Internet compared to owning a mobile phone – by country
30%
39%
28%
36%
38%
34%
40%
32%
36%
38%
36%
36%
28%
50%
54%
54%
37%
39%
56%
52%
37%
49%
40%
57%
51%
34%
54%
26%
32%
36%
38%
39%
41%
46%
47%
47%
48%
50%
51%
52%
52%
52%
52%
54%
56%
57%
58%
62%
64%
65%
65%
67%
68%
71%
38% 42%
EL
CY
ES
PT
IT
HU
IE
SK
PL
DE
NMS10
EU25
EU15
FR
AT
LV
LT
MT
LU
CZ
SI
BE
SE
UK
FI
EE
NL
DK
% using theInternet
% owning a mobilephone
In some mid/low Internet penetration countries, like Lithuania, Latvia, Cyprus and Greece, mobile penetration among children already exceeds Internet access.
Challenge: the future is mobileWhat implications will this have for our safety work – in hotlines and awareness nodes. What messages to send when technology varies? A mobile phone is also an Internet access device, a publication tool and a credit card, a GPS sender…- and a phone! And it is always on.
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Elisabeth StaksrudHamburg 06.12.06
Parental control and regulation
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Elisabeth StaksrudHamburg 06.12.06
Setting rules for the Internet… TV RULES!
Rules have been set for child's use of ...?
3%
3%
6%
4%
14%
5%
17%
18%
11%
34%
20%
20%
19%
22%
42%
17%
19%
19%
20%
41%
Electronic games consoles
Computer
Mobile phone
Internet
Television
EU25
EU15
NMS10
AC/CC 4
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Elisabeth StaksrudHamburg 06.12.06
Media usage rules set by German parents
26,6
12,210,6
13,911,1
1,4
20,7
3,5
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
1
Type of rules
Per
cent
age
of r
espo
nden
ts
Yes, for TV
Yes, for the mobilephoneYes for electronicgames consolesYes, for the Internet
Yes, for thecomputerYes, rules exist, butnot set by meNo, no rules havebeen setDo not know
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Elisabeth StaksrudHamburg 06.12.06
Top Internet rules set by German parents:
1. Rules regarding time allowed to spent on the Internet (70%)
2. Not allowed to give out any personal information/privacy (67%)
3. Not to allowed to visit some websites/indecency (66%)
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Elisabeth StaksrudHamburg 06.12.06
Sitting with children when they are online
How often do you sit with your child when he or she uses the Internet?
2% 45% 15% 14% 4% 10% 10%
DK Never Rarely From time to time Often Most of the time Always
All types of parents claim to sit with their children, experts or not experts
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Elisabeth StaksrudHamburg 06.12.06
Same question from SAFT Norway 2006 – asked both parents and children:Q34.1: (C) When I am on the Internet at home, my parents sit with me while I surf...Q20: (P) How often do you sit with your child while he/she is on the Internet?
2006
3
20
64
6
29
59
11
1
0 20 40 60 80
Often
Sometimes
Never
Don't know
Children
Parents
%
Filter: The child uses the Internet
%
her
Where did the 65%
parents go?
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Elisabeth StaksrudHamburg 06.12.06
• How to create awareness?– listen to the children, not the parents!
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Elisabeth StaksrudHamburg 06.12.06
The home is the number one place of Internet use, connecting children through PCs, Xboxes, - several times a day
45
58
11
1
4
2
1
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
Yes, at my own PC / computer
Yes, at someone elses computer at home
Yes, with my own equipment
Yes, with someone elses equipment
No
Don't know
Unanswered
2006
%
Filter: Uses PC at home, 94% - of those 4% are not connected
Significant ”At my own PC / computer”•Boys•13-16 yrs•Parents with university degree
Significant ”At someone else’s computer”•Girls•Middle child•Comes home to an empty house
her
Q14: Do you have an Internet connection at home?
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Elisabeth StaksrudHamburg 06.12.06
Q80: Where have you learned the MOST about the Internet?47
41
47
16
23
3
6
2
7
5
3
12
46
41
31
27
22
13
12
5
4
8
3
5
0 10 20 30 40 50
Friends around my age
My parents
By exploring on my own
My teachers
Older brothers or sisters
Magazines
From websites
The library
From a chat room or Internet Friend
Other places
Do not know
No answer
Norway 2006
Ireland 2006
%
Filter: Use Internet
test
Since 2003:• In Norway the parents play a bigger role. • In Ireland teachers have less influence.
Children have taught themselves about the Internet – and that has implications for their user patterns and communication with parents.
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Elisabeth StaksrudHamburg 06.12.06
Parents believe that the Internet = web pages with information on travel, banking and news.Children have sophisticated user patterns – games being the number one activity.
84
52
57
47
44
38
41
32
32
22
21
15
23
13
16
15
59
64
54
48
50
40
29
30
27
24
23
20
8
14
8
3
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
Playing games on the Internet
Doing homework
Downloading music
Chatting in chat rooms
Sending and receiving e-mail
Getting information other than for school work
Surfing for fun
Using Instant Messaging
Visiting news sites
Making personal web-site / blogging
Visiting fan sites
Publishing pictures or information
Downloading software
Visiting sites for hobbies
Shopping or making a purchase
Watching pornography
Boy
Girl
%Filter: Uses the Internet, 96%
her
Q19: What kind of things do you do on the Internet?
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Elisabeth StaksrudHamburg 06.12.06
Q19: (C) What kind of things do you do on the Internet? PromptedQ15: (P) As far as you know, what does your child use the Internet for? Unprompted72
58
56
47
47
39
31
30
23
22
18
16
13
12
9
33
1
53
41
8
23
7
20
21
3
2
4
1
4
1
8
1
13
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Games, playing
Schoolwork
Music, downloading
Chat rooms
Searching for information
Instant messaging
Visiting news sites
Make personal websites
Visiting favorites
Uploading pictures / MMS
Downloading software
Visiting hobby sites
Buying goods and services on the Internet
Watching pornography
Other things
Don't know / Unanswered
Searching in general
Children
Parents
%Filter: The child uses the Internet
her
Parents believe that children use Internet the same way they do – for web pages with information on travel, banking and news.When parents talk to children about the Internet – they really mean the web
BTW – children have on average 2,6 more e-
mail accounts than their parents are aware
of.
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Elisabeth StaksrudHamburg 06.12.06
The difference in user patterns have implications – E.g. it has made children more restrictive regarding submitting personal information online.
57
69
46
40
29
54
25
28
14
13
5
4
59
58
41
38
28
27
21
17
9
5
5
3
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
Favourite band, music, etc.
Gender
Personal interest or hobbies
Age and date of birth
Full name
Personal e-mail address
What school you go to
Postal address
Phone number
Photograph of yourself
Parent's name
Password
Norway 2006
Ireland 2006
%
Filter: Use Internet
test
Since 2003:• In both countries the results show that the children are more cautious in giving out information.
Q37: Information you would give about yourself over the Internet to win a prize in a contest
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Elisabeth StaksrudHamburg 06.12.06
Q38: (C) What information about yourself would you giveover the Internet to win a prize in a contest? YesQ44: (P) Would you allow your child to submit the following personal information on web-sites directed towards children? Yes
200669
54
46
40
29
28
14
13
51
19
62
13
9
7
2
15
0 20 40 60 80 100
Gender
Personal interests
Age and birthday
Name
Address
Phone number
Picture
Children
Parents
%
Filter: The child uses the Internet
200375
52
51
51
31
27
15
13
48
19
56
12
8
6
1
7
0 20 40 60 80 100
Gender
Personal interests
Age and birthday
Name
Address
Phone number
Picture
Children
Parents
%
her
…and parents more liberal in allowing children to submit personal information
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Elisabeth StaksrudHamburg 06.12.06
Observations and implications for awareness work
• Children start using Internet and other electronic media before school age
• Children have sophisticated user patterns – parents dont• Parents see Internet and other electronic devices as TECHNOLOGY,
children see them as ”NATURAL”• The traditional family media culture was different for Internet
introduction than other mass media• Children can apply old rules for new technology – on- vs. off-line is
not a problematic divide• Children feel this is their area – they have taught themselves, use it
for communication with each other and have differnt user patterns and interests than adults
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Elisabeth StaksrudHamburg 06.12.06
Observations for the German situation
• Children start using the Internet and mobile phones when they are very young and their start up age will continue to drop
• Their prime use arena will be the home• German parents may not feel this is applicable to them, and
that the school will teach children what they need to know• Safe, competent and critical behaviour can be learned early • German parents should ask their children if the are and what
they do on the Internet – not to control, but to start a dialogue• Focus on young children both towards parents, via schools
and directly is vital to cope with current and future challenges
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Elisabeth StaksrudHamburg 06.12.06
The Future Safety Challenges
1. Privacy2. Critical competence3. Bullying4. Commercial issues and costs
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Elisabeth StaksrudHamburg 06.12.06
My strategy and advice
• Give non – technological advice• Focus on cross-platform applicable advice • Focus on user empowerment• General issues like privacy, source criticism, self confidence
and worth, - directly to the children and young people • Media Literacy – not Internet/games/mobile safety • Critical competence ”solves most issues”
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Elisabeth StaksrudHamburg 06.12.06
Schools, ISPs, government/local authorities, NGOs and mass media all play a vital role in delivering safe use messages – coordination is the key to success!
School(s) 35% 38% 38% 33%
Parent association\ other parents groups 11% 7% 9% 8%
Government\Local authority 26% 21% 19% 17%
The Internet service provider or the telephone company
35% 32% 32% 29%
Software companies 17% 7% 6% 7%
Computer retailer 10% 6% 7% 8%
Computer game retailer 6% 2% 3% 2%
Your employer 2% 1% 0% 1%
Associations, NGOs 7% 4% 5% 4%
TV, radio, newspapers 10% 18% 22% 22%
Police 8% 13% 13% 13%
The Church\ Religious authorities 0% 1% 1% 1%
I do not want to receive such information 9% 12% 9% 11%
Other source 2% 4% 5% 5%
DK 7% 9% 9% 10%
DESIRED INFORMATION PROVIDERS (BY AGE OF THE CHILD)
Aged 6 or younger
Aged 6-9 Aged 10-13 Aged 14-17
Most frequently mentionedSecond most frequently mentionedThird most frequently mentioned
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Elisabeth StaksrudHamburg 06.12.06
Thank [email protected]
Full Eurobarometer report available at
http://europa.eu.int/information_society/activities/sip/eurobarometer/index_en.htm