1 drug use and non-use: statistics the following slides give information on general drug use...

1

Drug use and non-use: statistics The following slides give information on

general drug use statistics and implications

use and non-use across specific substances tobacco, alcohol, illicit substances

Results of the National Drug Strategy Household survey 2010 (Slides courtesy, Paul Dillon, DARTA) http://darta.net.au/

Results of the 2011 Aust Secondary Students’ Alcohol and Drug Survey (ASSADS) for SA students

Save the slide presentation onto your computer, then select slides as appropriate to context, being mindful of recognising source/s where possible. (Note: graphics have been removed when not essential to the information. Slides will need formatting.)

http://darta.net.au/

Costs, drug use

A snapshot Note: where statistics are old (e.g. slides 3, 4), it is

because: there is no equivalent more recent data and the data shown remains relevant

2

Drug-related deaths, all ages

3

This graph illustrates the percentage of deaths in Australia caused by drugs types, with tobacco making up almost 90% of drug related deaths, alcohol making up 6% and illicit drugs making up about 5%. Collins D, & Lapsley H. The costs of tobacco, alcohol and illicit drug abuse to Australian society in 2004–05.

4

Estimated drug-related deaths, Australia 1998

Persons aged 0-34 years

Tobacco 5.2%Alcohol 52.8%

Illicits 42.1%

JCG:DASC

Statistics on Drug Use in Australia 2000 AIHW 2001

0-14 yrs: 129

15-34 yrs: 1542

5

Counting the cost of drug use in Australia

It is estimated that the costs of drug use in Australia 2004-05 was $56.1 billion dollars, of which:

tobacco accounted for 56% alcohol 27% Illicit drugs 15%

$10.8 billion: the tangible cost of alcohol consumption (lost productivity, health care costs, costs related to road accidents and crime(2010 National Drug Strategy Household Survey)

In 2004-2005, The Aust. Govt collected over $6.7 billion from the importation and sale of tobacco products. (Statistics on Drug Use in Australia 2006, Aust Institute of Health and Welfare.)

6

%

Illicit drug use:2010 NDHS: Changes in 'recent use' (%) over time2010 National Drug Household Survey

7

%

Tobacco, alcohol and cannabis

Average age of initiation of lifetime, people aged 14-24 years, 1995-2010 2010 National Drug Household Survey

8

%

Ecstasy, meth/amphetamine, cocaine and hallucinogens Average age of initiation of lifetime drug use (), people aged 14-24 years, 1995-2010 2010 National Drug Household Survey

9

%

Form of drug use thought to be of most serious concern for the general community, people aged 12 years or older, by age and sex, 2010 2010 National Drug Household Survey

10

%

Drugs thought to be either directly or indirectly cause the most deaths in Australia, people aged 14 years or older, by age, 20102010 National Drug Household Survey

Tobacco smoking

The leading cause of preventable illness and death in Australia- 8% of the total burden of disease in 2003 and estimated at $31.5 billion in 2004–05.

In 2010, one in seven (15%) Australians aged 14 years or over were daily smokers, and one in four (24%) were ex-smokers.

11

Tobacco smoking, 2010

More than half the population (59%) had never smoked.

Daily smoking rates have fallen by more than a third over the past two decades, from 24% in 1991. This is largely due to lower rates of smoking among adults aged 24–44 years.

12

http://www.aihw.gov.au/WorkArea/DownloadAsset.aspx?id=10737420455



Alcohol, 2010

78% of Australians 12 years or over had consumed alcohol over the previous year, including 46% who drank at least weekly.

There was a significant decline in daily drinking between 2007 and 2010 (from 8.1% to 7.2% of the population aged 12 years or over).

Most people drank at levels that did not put them at risk of harm.

13

Alcohol, 2010

28% of males and 11% of females drank alcohol at levels that put them at risk of alcohol-related harm over their lifetime.

23% of males and 9% of females consumed alcohol in quantities that put them at risk of alcohol-related injury from a single drinking occasion at least weekly.

An estimated 13.1% of people aged 14 years or older had driven a motor vehicle under the influence of alcohol in 2010.

14

15

Alcohol-related deaths in Australia, 2008 (out of 143, 946 total deaths for all reasons)

52 accidental poisonings from alcohol 297 deaths from mental and behavioural

disorders due to the use of alcohol (3x males than females)

751 deaths from alcoholic liver disease Australian Bureau of Statistics (2010) Causes of death,

Australia 2008, Canberra: ABS

16

Counting the cost of alcohol use in Australia

The number of people hospitalised for alcohol-related injuries and diseases increased nationally by 34% between 1995-2006.

Victoria jumped 77%, with the cost of alcohol related harm in 2007-2008 being $4.3 billion(National Drug Research Institute, 2009)

Child Protection statistics show 34,000 children are in care nationally. Half of these children have at least one parent with an alcohol problem and 13% of Australian children live in a household with at least one adult is regularly drunk.

(Prof Dorothy Scott, Uni SA, media release 21 Jan, 2010.)

17

Young people and alcohol:

1 in 4 hospitalisations of 15-25 year olds happen because of alcohol.

1 in 2 Australians aged 15–17 who get drunk will do something they regret.

70 Australians under 25 will be hospitalised due to alcohol-caused assault in an average week.

4 Australians under 25 die due to alcohol related injuries in an average week.

Sources: Chikritzhs, T. and Pascal, R. (2004). Trends in Youth Alcohol Consumption and Related Harms

in Australian Jurisdictions, 1990–2002. Bulletin No. 6. National Drug Research Institute. Commonwealth Department of Health and Ageing (2008). National Youth Alcohol Campaign

evaluation research 2000-2002. Unpublished raw data. Source: National Drug Research Institute (2008). 2004-05 Hospitalisation and morbidity data

for Australians aged 0 to 24. Unpublished raw data. Source: National Drug Research Institute (2008). 2004-05 Hospitalisation and morbidity data

for Australians aged 0 to 24. Unpublished raw data.

18

Alcohol and drowning

In a horror summer in Australian waters in 2009-2010, 62 people drowned between Christmas Eve, according to Royal Life Saving Society figures.

"Alcohol is still playing a part. There are drownings in backyard pools and males overestimating their ability in the water is another factor." (RLSS research and health promotion manager, Richard Franklin)

19

The health of Australia's prisoners 2010

Reporting on over prisoners over 18 years: more than 4 in 5 prison entrants was a current smoker; over half

report drinking alcohol at risk levels and 2 in 3 had used illicit drugs during the previous 12 months;

1 in 4 prison entrants had a chronic condition such as asthma, cardiovascular disease or diabetes

almost 1 in 3 prison entrants had ever been told they have a mental health disorder and 1 in 5 prisoners in custody was taking medication for a mental health condition

and more than 1 in 3 prison entrants had not completed Year 10 at school

Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, 2010

20

Crime and law enforcement- Australia

In 2005, 1 in 10 prisoners was imprisoned for drug related offences. 71% of these offences related to cannabis use

In 2003-04, 88% of juvenile detainees had used an illicit substance in the 6 months prior to arrest and 70% were intoxicated at the time of the offence.

Juvenile detainees were 10X more likely than the general youth population to use amphetamine and hallucinogens and 16X more likely to use inhalants.

(Statistics on Drug Use in Australia 2006, Aust Institute of Health and Welfare, 2006.)

21

Police (Youth) Drug Diversion Initiative SA

From 2001, police have diverted youth to health assessment and counselling for possession of illicit drugs and paraphernalia

From 2001 to August 2012 , there have been 8,497 youth diversions

95.2% of the total diversions have been related to cannabis (Drug Diversion statistics)

Schools have played their part in working in partnership with SAPOL, guided by: DECD policy as set out in Intervention matters policy document (revised

2011) http://www.decs.sa.gov.au/drugstrategy/pages/documents/schoolsaig/

Making our sites safer: Drugs http://www.decd.sa.gov.au/docs/documents/1/MossDrugs-1.pdf

http://www.decs.sa.gov.au/drugstrategy/pages/documents/schoolsaig/

http://www.decd.sa.gov.au/docs/documents/1/MossDrugs-1.pdf

Illicit drug use in Australia, 2010

60% of people over 14 years had never used an illicit drug.

15% had used one or more illicit drugs in the past 12 months.

Cannabis was the most common illicit drug used recently (10.3%) followed by ecstasy (3.0%) and amphetamines and cocaine (each used by 2.1% of people).

Many people who used an illicit drug in 2010 also used other drugs, illicit or licit.

22

Illicit drug use in Australia, 2010

Around 8% of people in Australia aged 16–85 years have had a drug use disorder in their lifetime.

The social cost of illicit drug use in Australia was estimated at $8.2 billion in 2004–05 (crime, lost productivity and healthcare).

Much of this was caused by hepatitis C, which can be contracted by risky injecting practices.

23

24

Lifetime illicit drug use (%) - 14 years and over2010 National Drug Household Survey

%

25

Never used illicit drugs (%) - 14 years and over2010 National Drug Household Survey

%

26

Recent illicit drugs (%) - 14 years and over2010 National Drug Household Survey

%

27

Lifetime illicit drug use (%) - 14 years and overComparison 2007-2010 2010 National Drug Household Survey

%

28

Australian Secondary Students’ Alcohol and Drug Survey (ASSADS) 2011

29

Drug use among SA secondary school students:

Information from the SA component of the 2011 Australian Secondary Students’ Alcohol and Drug Survey (ASSADS) National survey Conducted every three years across Australia Approx 3,000 SA students, years 7-12 Alcohol, tobacco and other substances use Cancer Council SA in collaboration with Drug and Alcohol

Services SA (DASSA)

For a summary: see http://www.decd.sa.gov.au/drugstrategy/files/links/StatBullNo3ASSADNov12_we_1.pdf

http://www.decd.sa.gov.au/drugstrategy/files/links/StatBullNo3ASSADNov12_we_1.pdf

http://www.decd.sa.gov.au/drugstrategy/files/links/StatBullNo3ASSADNov12_we_1.pdf

ASSADS 1999-2011 - Drug & Alcohol Use:

Substance% Ever used % Used Recently (past week)

1999 2002 2005 2008 2011 1999 2002 2005 2008 2011

Analgesics 97.0 96.4 94.1 95.0 94.5 43.6 45.4 41.0 43.0 39.7*

Alcohol 91.4 91.8 87.3 85.1 77.5* 34.4 33.1 26.1 23.0 15.0*

Tobacco 52.2 46.9 31.2 24.3 19.8* 16.8 14.1 7.5 4.9 4.7

Cannabis 33.3 26.8 18.2 12.5 13.6 11.3 7.1 4.7 3.3 3.1

Inhalants 20.0 15.3 13.0 16.4 14.4* 4.5 4.0 2.5 4.2 3.4

Sedatives 17.2 13.3 14.2 17.9 16.2 2.1 1.7 1.6 2.8 2.2

Hallucinogens 9.2 4.2 2.0 2.6 2.5 1.9 0.6 0.3 0.6 0.3

Amphetamines 8.1 7.3 4.5 3.3 2.2* 1.8 0.6 0.9 1.0 0.5

Cocaine 3.9 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.1* 1.0 0.3 0.4 0.9 0.3*

Ecstasy 3.1 2.9 2.5 3.2 2.2* 1.0 0.5 0.4 0.8 0.5

Heroin 3.1 2.5 1.4 2.4 1.2* 0.9 0.4 0.3 1.0 0.2*

Steroids 2.3 1.8 2.2 2.6 1.7* 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.4*

*change 2008-2011 is significant

From 1999-2011

A 32.4% decrease in students reporting having ever use tobaccotobacco; from 52.2% to 19.8%

Reported student cannabis use cannabis use in the past week has decreased to less than 1/3 of 1999 level (from 11.3% to 3.1%)

There have been significant reduction in illicit drug illicit drug use (apart from sedative and inhalant use)

33

And alcohol 1999-2011..?

The percentage of students who have consumed alcohol in the past week alcohol in the past week before the survey has more than before the survey has more than halved halved (from 34.4% to 15.0%=19.4% reduction)

The percentage of students who have who have never tried alcohol never tried alcohol has increased by 13.9%

34

From 2008 to 2011:

Statistically significant decreases in the percentage of students who: have ever used tobacco have ever tried alcohol, or consumed it in the previous

week Decreases (from small percentages) in recent use

of steroids, inhalants, amphetamines, ecstasy, cocaine and heroin

Stable use of cannabis, hallucinogens and sedatives

35

Alcohol: Alcohol: most change 2008-2011 to

13-14 year olds- ever used alcohol14, 16 and 17- recent use of alcohol

36

Decrease in alcohol use 1999-2011

37

Decrease in cannabis use 1999-2011

38

Illicit substances overall (includes cannabis)

17.3 of students have ever used an illicit substance 18.5% males 16.1% females

4.5 % of students have used an illicit substance in the last week 5.6% males 3.3% females

39

Illicit drug use 1999-2011- ever used

40Slide courtesy of DASSA

Illicit drug use 1999-2011-used in past week

41Slide courtesy of DASSA

NEVER used drugs: ASSADS (SA) 2011

5.5

22.5

80.2

86.4 85.6 83.8

97.5 97.8 98.9 97.8 98.8 98.3

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Per

cent

age

Substance

2011% NEVER used

Recent NON-use of drugs: ASSADS (SA) 2011

Implications: messagesmessages

Most young people do not use drugs! Less young people use drugs now than in the

‘past.’ It’s absolutely OK not to drink!It’s absolutely OK not to drink! How we think of/define ‘young people’. (Drug use

in the 19-25 age group is higher that for students.) Will the current decrease in student alcohol use

influence drinking rates in the future (when they are in their early 20’s)?

44

Additional statistics follow for

tobacco alcohol cannabis ecstasy pain-killers/analgesics for non-medical

purposes amphetamine

45

Smoking tobacco

Largest single cause of preventable death and disease in Australia

Responsible for almost 90% drug related deaths per year

50% of smokers who smoke for a long time will die prematurely from tobacco related diseases

46Smarter than Smoking professional learning module

47Smarter than Smoking professional learning module

48

The costs of smoking tobacco

Of 1.3 billion smokers alive today, it is estimated that 650million will eventually be killed by tobacco

5.4million deaths per year globally Expected to rise to 8million by 2030 (80% in

developing countries) World Health Organisation (WHO) has the theme-

"smoke-free environments“ because of the serious harmful effects of second-hand smoke, which include about 600,000 premature deaths per year, numerous crippling illnesses and economic losses in the tens of billions of dollars.

Data from QuitSA newsletter, Oct 2008 and WHO Report on the Global Tobacco Epidemic, 2009: Implementing smoke-free environments

49

South Australians are aware!

95.8% of all South Australians and 92.7% of SA smokers believe smoking causes illness or damage to the body

86.5% (77.8% of smokers) agree that passive smoking causes illness or damage

86.4% support banning of smoking in hotels

Data from QuitSA newsletter, Oct 2008

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Smoking in SA: age groupsGraph courtesy of Tobacco Control Research + Evaluation- a statistical update, DASSA seminar Nov 2010NOTE: reduction in youth smoking rates

51

Smoking in Australia, 2007Slide courtesy of Tobacco Control Research + Evaluation- a statistical update, DASSA seminar Nov 2010

Figure 1: Smoking prevalence, by State/Territory *

*Australian Institute of Health and Welfare 2008. 2007 National Drug Strategy Household Survey: Stateand territory supplement. Drug statistics series no. 21. Cat. no. PHE 102. Canberra: AIHW.

NOTE: Smoking prevalence in 1945 was72% males & 26% females

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

35%

40%

Australia SA NSW Vic Qld Tas WA ACT NT

Males

Females

52

Tobacco trend for young Australians?

Source: Critics’ Choice, 2011

12-17 year olds Smoked in the past year (2008)

53Source: John, David .‘Smoking among South Australian secondary students - results from the 2008 ASSAD survey’. Tobacco Control Research and Evaluation Program, Adelaide, September 2009.

54

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Male 0.9 1.5 4 4.8 7.4 9.3 4.2

Female 0.2 1.3 4.7 6.9 7.8 7.5 4.5

Total 0.6 1.4 4.3 5.8 7.6 8.4 4.4

12 years 13 years 14 years 15 years 16 years 17 years 12-17 years

Committed smokers (3+ days in past 7 days), Australian secondary school students, 2008ASSADS 2008: Slide courtesy Paul Dillon, DARTA

%

55

Prevalence of smoking among 12-15 and 16-17 year olds, Australia1984-2008

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

1984 1987 1990 1993 1996 1999 2002 2005 2008

12-15 years

16-17 years

%

Among students, smoking decreased through the 1980s and then started to rise again in the 1990s. Smoking prevalence began to decrease after 1996 amongst the 12-15 year olds, and 1999 for the 16-17 year olds and this decline continues to 2008

ASSADS 2008: Slide courtesy Paul Dillon, DARTA

56

From Critics’ Choice, 2011: see pg 30 of Teacher Resource for references

57

Alcohol drinking status: proportion of the population aged 14 years or over (1991-2010) 2010 National Drug Household Survey

Between 1991 and 2010, for Australians aged 14 years or older, alcohol consumption patterns remained largely unchanged – less than weekly and never drinking increasing%

58

Hospitalisations due to drug use and acute alcohol intoxication 2005-2006 AIHW National Hospital Morbidity Database

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

15–19 20–24 25–29 30–34 35–39 40–44 45–49 50–54 55–59 60–64 65–69 70+

Males, drug use

Females, drug use

Males, acute alcohol intoxication

Females, acute alcohol intoxication

Age group (years)

Rate – per 100,000 population

Slide courtesy Paul Dillon: Drug and Alcohol Research and Training Australia (DARTA) www.darta.net.au

http://www.darta.net.au/

59

Type of alcohol consumed2010 National Drug Household Survey

60

In South Australia, alcohol is responsible for, or contributes to:

• 7,000 hospitalisations and 300 deaths in SA each year

• 30% of serious road accidents

• 34% of falls and drownings

• 44% of fire injuries

• 16% of child abuse cases

• 12% of suicides

• 10% of industrial accidents

• depression

Source: DASSA Drink too much, you’re asking for trouble campaign, 2011 URL:http://www.dassa.sa.gov.au/site/page.cfm?u=488

61

In South Australia, alcohol is responsible for, or contributes to:

In 2010, more than 70,000 Australians were victims of alcohol-related assault, among which 24,000 were victims of alcohol-related domestic violence.

In 2008/09, in the Adelaide central business district: 58% of victim-reported crime was alcohol related. 65% of serious assaults were alcohol related. 65% of minor assaults were alcohol related.

In 2009, 90 alcohol-related incidents of glassings occurred (smashed drink container used as a weapon).

70% of prisoners convicted of violent assaults have

drunk alcohol before committing the offence. Source: DASSA Drink too much, you’re asking for trouble campaign, 2011

62

2006 ABS ‘Report card’ on Australia’s alcohol consumption

The flow-on effects to health services is marked. In the seven years from 1998-99 to 2004-05, the overall number of hospital admissions with a principal diagnosis of mental and behavioural disorders due to alcohol increased from 23,490 to 35,152.

This data is from Alcohol Consumption in Australia: A Snapshot, 2004-05.

Available online: www.abs.gov.au

63

Alcohol consumption: Litres of pure alcohol per capita, population 15 years and over 1963 -2003 OECD Health Data 2004; ABS 2004

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

1963 1973 1983 1993 2003

Australia

Luxembourg

Ireland

UK

US

New Zealand

Slide courtesy Paul Dillon: Drug and Alcohol Research and Training Australia (DARTA) www.darta.net.au

http://www.darta.net.au/

64

Alcohol and the Teenage Brain: Safest to Keep them Apart

The adolescent brain is particularly sensitive to the negative effects of prolonged alcohol exposure

Additional is the large body of evidence of the harm due to injury from the disinhibitory effects of alcohol (dampening down of frontal lobe)… poor impulse control…1. Alcohol should not be consumed by teenagers

under 18 years2. Alcohol use is best postponed for as long as

possible in the late teenage years and early adult years.

Executive summary-Prof Ian Hickie, Exec Director, The Brain and Mind Research Institute, Uni of Sydney- see DrinkwiseAustralia www.drinkwise.com.au

http://www.drinkwise.com.au/

65

Research around delaying uptake

Early access to alcohol has been associated with subsequent elevated levels of alcohol use, alcohol dependence, early binge drinking and social problems associated with problem drinking.

DRUG INFO clearinghouse Prevention Research Quarterly: current evidence evaluated, June 2008 Barnes et al. 1997; Casswell et al. 2002; Costello et al. 1999; Grant & Dawson 1997; Hellandsjo Bu et al. 2002; Hingson et al. 2000; Jackson et al. 1999; Pederson & Skrondal 1998; Warner & White 2003

66

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Male 33.9 23.3 16.5 11.7 10 7.4 18

Female 35.2 26.9 16 8.9 7.8 7.5 17.7

Total 34.5 25.1 16.3 10.3 8.9 7.5 17.9


Australians students who have never consumed alcohol, Australian secondary school students, 2008

%


67

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Male 84.1 77.2 60.2 47.7 34.4 27.4 57.7

Female 88.8 79 62.6 44.2 33.1 26.6 57.8

Total 86.4 78.1 61.3 46 33.7 27 57.7


Percentage of Australian students who describe themselves as a ‘non-drinker’, 2008

%


68

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Male 0.4 0.5 3.5 6.5 11.6 19.9 6

Female 0.1 1 5 7.8 12.8 16.9 6.6

Total 0.3 0.7 4.2 7.1 12.2 18.4 6.3


Australian students: Percentage of ‘binge drinkers’ (males: 7+ drinks; females: 5+ drinks on one occasion), 2008

%ASSADS 2008: Slide courtesy Paul Dillon, DARTA

69

Drink types most commonly consumed by those who drank alcohol in the past week, 2008

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Beer Wine Premixed spirits Spirits

Males (12-15 years)

Females (12-15 years)

Males (16-17 years)


%

Not surprisingly, beer is more popular with young men than young women and the opposite is true for premixed spirits. However, the drink type consistently popular across all ages and genders is spirits


70

Drink types most commonly consumed by those who drank alcohol in the past week, 2008

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Beer Wine Premixed spirits Spirits

Males (12-15 years)


Males (16-17 years)


%

Not surprisingly, beer is more popular with young men than young women and the opposite is true for premixed spirits. However, the drink type consistently popular across all ages and genders is spirits


71

Prevalence of risky drinking among 12-15 year old current drinkers, Australia, 1984-2008

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

1984 1987 1990 1993 1996 1999 2002 2005 2008

males females

%

The prevalence of risky drinking (defined as drinking more than 6 drinks for males and more than 4 for females) increased throughout the 1990s. The 2008 data suggests that there may be a ‘slowing down’ in the rate of increase but it is still much more prevalent than it was in the 1980s and early 90s


72

Prevalence of risky drinking among 16-17 year old current drinkers, Australia, 1984-2008

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

1984 1987 1990 1993 1996 1999 2002 2005 2008

males females

%

As for the 12-15 year olds, the prevalence of risky drinking has been increasing since 1984, although it would appear that the young men peaked in 1999. Young women’s rate of risky drinking increased sharply in the late 1990s and has leveled off in recent years


73

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

Age of first full serve of alcohol

Cu

mu

lati

ve

Pe

rce

nta

ge

20 to 29

30 to 39

40 to 49

50 to 59

60+

Reported age of first full serve of alcohol, by age cohort (2004 NDSHS)Slide courtesy Ann M Roche, National Centre for Education and Training

on Addiction (NCETA), Flinders University

74

Research: parents want to know Quantum Market Research, 2008. Focus groups with parents of pre-teens (9-

14yrs).

Parents said: Many are looking for assistance to communicate their concerns

around their child’s initiation to alcohol at a young age. Most acknowledged their pre-teen are likely to drink, but

concerned at risks: violence, vehicle accidents, injuries, sexual assault.

Not sure how influential they are in shaping their children’s decisions

Believe that a prohibitive approach is unlikely to work Welcomed information about a delayed introduction to alcohol, but

this seemed at odds with current risk-taking behaviour Looking for advice on how better to communicate with their

children, especially in adolescence Believe a variety of approaches is needed- including ‘forums at

schools’.DrinkwiseAustralia

75

Cannabis:Recent use of cannabis, people aged 14 years or older, by age, 1995-20102010 National Drug Household Survey

%

76

Cannabis:How have things changed? Lifetime and recent cannabis use, 1993-2010. 2010 National Drug Household Survey

%

77

Cannabis:Recent use of cannabis, people aged 14 years or older, by age, 1995-20102010 National Drug Household Survey

%

78

Ever used cannabis, people aged 12 years or older, by age and sex, 20102010 National Drug Household Survey

%

79

Recent cannabis use, people aged 12 years or older, by age and sex, 20102010 National Drug Household Survey

%

80

Recent use of cannabis, people aged 12-17, 18-19 and 20-29 years, by age and jurisdiction, 20102010 National Drug Household Survey

%

81

Cannabis costs

Compared with other illicit drugs, cannabis use rates second to heroin in terms of healthy years of life lost to Australians

Cannabis use before 15 years predicts at 16 yearsSchool drop-out (22.5% versus 3.5%Frequent truanting (31.5% versus 4.7%)

When other factors considered, 3 X risk of leaving schools without formal qualifications

Information from 2008 National Cannabis Prevention and Information Centre (ncpic) workshop- see www.ncpic.org.au

http://www.ncpic.org.au/

82

Cannabis costs

Increased risk of poor mental health outcomes including Suicide Other substance use Criminal behaviour Reduced life opportunities

Adolescents develop dependence at a faster rate and at a lower exposure that do adults



83

Cannabis: risks and harms? Long term:

increased risk of respiratory diseases, including cancer decreased memory and learning abilities decreased motivation

Dependence? Prevalence rates amongst those who ever try cannabis

are 9-15% The risk increased the more often cannabis is smoked Early initiation is linked with progression to heavy use

and dependence

Hall, W and Pacula, R (2003) Cannabis use and dependence



84

Ecstasy: recent use, people aged 12-17, 18-19, 20-29, 30-39 years, 1995-20102010 National Drug Household Survey

%

85

Pain-killers/analgesics for non-medical purposes

Recent use: people aged 12 years or older,2010 2010 National Drug Household Survey

%

86

Pain-killers/analgesics for non-medical purposes, (main type over-the-counter)Recent use, people aged 12 years or older, by age and sex, 2010 2010 National Drug Household Survey

%

87

Pain-killers/analgesics for non-medical purposes, (main type prescription)Recent use, people aged 12 years or older, by age and sex, 2010 2010 National Drug Household Survey

%

88

Recent use of meth/amphetamines, people aged 12-17, 18-19, 20-29 and 30-39 years, 1995-20102010 National Drug Household Survey

%

89

Further information, contacts?

Please familiarise with the Drug Strategy website www.decs.sa.gov.au/drugstrategy The Drug Education Resources section has information

about and links to relevant reports, about substances, methodologies, and resources for drug education.

With thanks for specific information in this Power point presentation from Paul Dillon (DARTA): http://darta.net.au/ Smarter than Smoking professional learning:

http://equitsa.org.au/moodle/ Drug and Alcohol Services SA (DASSA): http://www.dassa.sa.gov.au

http://www.decs.sa.gov.au/drugstrategy

http://darta.net.au/

http://equitsa.org.au/moodle/

http://www.dassa.sa.gov.au/

90

Alcohol: teenage use2010 National Drug Household Survey

Powerful statistics around changed in adolescents and alcohol:

More teenagers (12-17 year olds) abstained from alcohol (61.6%) than consumed alcohol in the previous 12 months (38.4%)

The proportion abstaining increased significantly from 2007 (54.5%)

http://www.aihw.gov.au/publication-detail/?id=32212254712&tab=2

1 drug use and non-use: statistics the following slides give information on general drug use...

Documents

costs of drug use

illicit drug use

lifetime drug use

cost of drug use

form of drug use

drug related deaths

drug survey assads

illicit drug abuse