1 defenses against criminal charges criminal law & procedure mike brigner
TRANSCRIPT
1
Defenses Against Criminal Charges
Criminal Law & ProcedureMike Brigner
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Resources
Text Chapter 7See Defenses Chart, pp. 256-258
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Constitutional Defenses
1st Amendment: religion, speech, assembly
4th Amendment: search & seizure
5th Amendment: due process, double jeopardy, no self incrimination
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Constitutional Defenses
6th Amendment: speedy & public trial, confront witnesses, counsel, subpoena witnesses Right to counsel is rationale for “Miranda Rights”
(Miranda v. Arizona, 384 U.S. 436 (1996))
7th Amendment: right to jury trial
8th Amendment: bail & punishment
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Missing Elements
Reasonable doubt as to any element of the charge
Missing ACT Act was involuntary Missing body Alibi - SODDI defense - “I
wasn’t even there - my Mom will tell you that”
Missing MENTAL INTENT Diminished Capacity Consent Mistake of Fact NOT Mistake of Law
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Justification Defenses
“I did it, but” = justification
Self-defense (but may be duty to retreat)
Defense of others Battered women’s
syndrome Defense of property Public duty
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Justification: Public Duty
Society restricting use of deadly force to arrest suspects
Danger to bystanders Balance likely harms
Society restricting high-speed chases to apprehend offenders
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Excuse defenses
Affirmative defense: “I did it but I’m not responsible”
Duress Necessity Entrapment (by gov’t
inducement) BUT: Was defendant already involved in the crime?
Burden of proof: On the defendant
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Excuse defenses
Insanity: R.C. 2901.01 (A)(14) and 2901.05 - Mental disease/defect prevented accused from knowing conduct wrong at the time of the conduct
Burden of proof: On Defendant in Ohio, & standard is preponderance of evidence
Competence to stand trial is separate issue. Not a defense, but mental state at the time of trial
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Defenses Against Criminal Charges
Concluded
Thank you