1 david thomson the search for a dialog metalanguage that makes everybody happy david thomson chair,...
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1 David Thomson
The Search for a Dialog Metalanguage that Makes Everybody Happy
David ThomsonChair, VoiceXML Tools Committee,SpeechPhone CTO
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2 David Thomson
SpeechPhoneMandi™
Automated Attendant Service
What would you like to do?
Check my voicemail.
Change my greeting.
Dial a number.
Call Michael Metcalf.
Check my e-mail. Enable call
screening
Change my virtual extension.
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3 David Thomson
VoiceXML Tools Committee
•Sponsored by the VoiceXML Forum
•Objective: Make VoiceXML easier to deploy
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VoiceXML Service
ApplicationServer
DevelopmentTools
VoiceXMLBrowser
Metalanguage VoiceXML
DeveloperUser
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Two Working Groups
Data Logging Working Group
• Format for service observation, etc.
• Used to track and improve user interface.
Metalanguage Working Group
• Format for a complete speech application
• Includes database, system interface, platform, …
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Metalanguage Motivation
Problem
Applications written with Vendor X’s tools will
not run on Application Server from Vendor Y.
Solution
Define a uniform format for representing a
complete application
ApplicationServer
DevelopmentTools
VoiceXMLBrowser
Metalanguage VoiceXML
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Current Active Participants
AT&TChrysalisEmpirixFrance TelecomGenesysIBMIEEE-ISTOIntel
Intervoice LumenvoxNuanceOracleSpeechPhoneUnisysWest
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Metalanguage Requirements
•Completely defines the application
•Platform independent
•XML
•Compatible with and uses existing standards
(CCXML, SCXML, V3, etc.)
•Supports advanced dialogs
•Not generated dynamically (usually)
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Service Provider
I don’t want to be tied to a single vendor.
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Developers (1)
The metalanguage should be efficient and expressive.
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Developers (2)
I don’t want to give up my old languages and tools.
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User Interface Researchers
The metalanguage should be able to support advanced dialogs -- once we figure how how to implement them.
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Development Managers
Writing applications should not require a PhD.
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Product Manager
I want the service running ASAP.
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Computer Scientists
The language should be elegant and incorporate the latest software methods.
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Development Tool Vendor
The metalanguage should work with my special sauce.
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Standards Organizations
The metalanguage shouldn’t try to replace V3 capabilities.
What’s in V3?
It’s a secret.
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Attorneys
We want the metalanguage available royalty-free.
We need to protect our intellectual property.
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Application Server (not Browser) Functions
• Call control• Database access• Business logic• Billing• Back-end systems/transaction servers• Complex ASR/semantic analysis (dialog
analysis, checksums, context processing, …)• Advanced dialogs• OAM&P• Platform-specific functions
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Use Case – Benchmark for Proposals
Boston
What date?
(baby crying)
You usually fly to Boston on Tuesdays. Do you want to fly this Tuesday?
Please say the date.
What?
What is your departure city?
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Current Design Under Study
•Modular with optional elements
•State based
•Incorporates existing standards
•SCXML for control
•Extension tags inside VoiceXML
•Tags are not limited to VoiceXML capabilities
•Tags may be rendered in Java or other language
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<scxml> <vxml>
VXML Code
</vxml> …</scxml>
Extension Tags
DatabaseTransaction servers, webpages, humans, etc.
<scxml> <vxml> <tagX> </tagX> </vxml> …</scxml>
TagInterpretationEngine
VXML +SCXML
Application Server
VoiceXML (possibly with SCXML)
VoiceXML
Browser
Metacode
BusinessLogicSemantic
AnalysisBilling
Tag Library
ComplexComputation
AdvancedDialogProcessing
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Meta-language Processing Flow
1. Offline Application Development Tools
2. Online higher-level dialog managers(e.g. rule- or plan-based)
3. Metalanguage Documents
• SCXML tags (for control)• Extension tags• XML tags (for data)• Other resources
4. Metalanguage Interpreter
8. VXML and Related Documents
• SCXML, SRGS, CCXML, etc.
• Extension Tags• Dynamic? Static?
9. Extension Tag Expansion
10. VXML and Related Documents
• SCXML, SRGS, CCXML, etc.
• No Extension Tags
11. Voice Browser
Extension tag expansion may be sensitive to context so this is not
necessarily the same thing as “macro expansion”.
5. Database IDL
IDL
6. Transaction servers, web pages, business logic, CSRs, etc.
14. Resultsand
Feedback
13. Resultsand
Feedback
12. Resultsand
Feedback
=Interface Definition LanguageIDL
Optional
Optional
15. Extension Tag Library
ApplicationServer
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For More Information
Copy of slides:[email protected](or business card)
Join committee / see notes:Cindy [email protected]
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Call FlowDesigner
VoiceXMLGenerator
ConversationManager
High-LevelScriptingObjects
Architecture – Draft 6b
GUI
Data
Analyze& Test
GrammarBuilder
InterchangeExport/Import
InterchangeCode
VoiceXML
Agent
SystemInterface
E-mail IM HTML
LoggingBilling OA&M
Alarms
Offline Tools Runtime Tools
Alternate Toolset
To S
peech
Serv
er
Data Bus
ApplicationServer
Trans-actionServer
Meta-language
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VoiceXML Complications
•Applications rarely written natively in
VoiceXML → Leads to metalanguages
•Applications are not portable
(Vendor-neutral applies only to speech server)
•Vendor tools/servers not interchangeable
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Interchange/Metalanguage Candidates
1. Proprietary XML + style sheets
2. W3C’s Xforms
3. XHTML
4. Java
5. “VoiceXML 9.0”
6. Extension tags
7. SCXML
“X+X”