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CS 3630 Database Design and

Implementation

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Final Exam

• 7:00 – 8:52 PM, Thursday, May 16• Section 1: Ull 009• Section 2: Ull 206

• 100 Points– 50 points on design– 50 points on SQL

• Open Book/Note/Computer• Do it yourself

Set Theory

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Relational Algebra

Selection : (predicate) (R)

Projection : Att1, Att3 (R)

Cartesian Product: R S

Theta Join : R p S

Natural Join : R S

Out Join : R S

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Design MethodologyA structured approach that uses procedures, techniques, tools, and

documentation aids to support and facilitate the process of design.

Three main phases 1. Conceptual database design E-R Model

2. Logical database design Mapping E-R Model to (relational) database schema (DBDL) Normalization

3. Physical database design

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Mapping Entity

Multi-value and Composite Attribute

Student studentNo Name: Composite (first, last) CoursesTaken: Multi-Value . . .

Table Schema Student (studentNo, firstName, lastName . . .) AcademicProg(studentNo, CourseID) (one student will have multiple records in the table)

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Mapping Relationships

EntityOne (1) ----- Related ----- (0..*) EntityTwoOwner (1) ----- Owns ----- (0..*) Property One-to-Many Parent table: EntityOne / Owner Copy PK of parent table into child table as FK

EntityThree (0..*) ----- Related ----- (1..*) EntityFourStaff (1..*) ----- AssignedTo ----- (0..*) Ward Many-to-Many Create a new table

One-to-One

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Mapping Relationships

Entity3 (0..*) ----- Related ----- (1..*) Entity4 Att1, Att2

Entity3 (A1, A2, A3) Entity4 (B1, B2, B3, B4)

NewTable (A1, B1, B2, Att1, Att2, NewAtt) PK: NewAtt AK: ? FK: A1 References Entity3 B1, B2 References Entity4

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How to Describe a Table Schema? Database Design Language (DBDL)

Branch (Bno, Street, City, State, Zipcode, Phone) PK: Bno AK: Street, City, Zipcode Phone FK: NoneStaff (Sno, firstName, lastName, Address, Bno ) PK: Sno AK: None FK: Bno references BranchClient (Cno, firstName, lastName, Phone, MaxRent, PrefType) PK: Cno AK: None FK: None Viewing (Rno, Pno, ViewDate, Comment) PK: Rno, Pno, Vie wDate AK: None FK: Rno references Client (Cno) Pno references Property

No multi-value attributes, no composite attributes.1NF

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Design MethodologyA structured approach that uses procedures, techniques, tools, and

documentation aids to support and facilitate the process of design.

Three main phases 1. Conceptual database design E-R (EER) Model

2. Logical database design Mapping E-R Model to (relational) database schema (Derive table / database schema) Normalization

3. Physical database design

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Normalization

• Why?• Functional Dependency• 1NF• 2NF• 3NF• BCNF

• DBDL for schema• Instance to show records

R1 (A, C) Primary Key: A Alternate Key: None Foreign Key: None

A ---> C R2 (B, E, F) Primary Key: B Alternate Key: None Foreign Key: None

B ---> E, F R3 (A, B, D) Primary Key: A, B Alternate Key: None Foreign Key: A References R1 B References R2

A, B ---> D

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R (A, B, C, D, E, F)

Functional Dependencies: A, B ---> All A ---> C B ---> E, F

Decompose table R into BCNF

Table Instance R

A B C D E F

1 x 10 100 cs se

1 y 10 200 cs ee

2 x 20 300 cs se

2 y 20 400 cs ee

R1

A C

1 10

2 20

R2

B E F

x cs se

y cs ee

R3

A B D

1 x 100

1 y 200

2 x 300

2 y 40013

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Database Queries

• Tables needed

• Join condition

• Group By

• Outer Join and Sub-Query

• All clients without class today