1 committed to shaping the next generation of it experts. computer concepts bcis 1405 session 1...
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1Committed to Shaping the Next Generation of IT Experts.
Computer ConceptsBCIS 1405 Session 1
Exploring Microsoft Office 2003
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Objectives (1 of 2) Describe components of a computer system Describe the contribution of IBM, Microsoft,
and Intel in the evolution of the PC Discuss the purchase of a computer system Define microprocessor, memory, and
auxiliary storage Describe a digital camera Distinguish between system software and
application software Describe the evolution of Microsoft Windows
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Objectives (2 of 2) Describe how to safeguard a system Define FTP and distinguish between a
compressed file and a self-extracting file Describe Microsoft Office Distinguish between HTML and XML Define a local area network Define the Internet and the World Wide Web
and e-mail Describe Microsoft .Net; explain what is
meant by XML Web services
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Memory
Central processing unit(CPU)
Input
Auxiliary Storage
Auxiliary StorageAuxiliary
Storage
Output
Any Computer System
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The IBM PC
A combined effort between IBM (credibility and marketing), Microsoft (operating system), and Intel (microprocessor); introduced in 1981
IBM was a mainframe company; it was hounded by antitrust legislation, and did not believe in the future of the PC (initial forecast was 250,000 units)
The PC was created as an ‘open’ machine enabling independent contractors to develop hardware and/or software to improve it
PC clones quickly followed and the market soon exploded; IBM has a fraction of the market it created
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What is a Computer? Electronic device made up of:
Hardware Software
Conducts Input – Process – Output Operations
I P O
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Inside the PC
On
Off
All computers are based on the binary number system
A bit or binary digit has one of two values, zero or one
A byte is the smallest addressable unit of memory (8 bits)
ASCII provides for 256(or 28) characters 01000001 – A 01000010 – B etc.
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Original chips were numbered 8086, 80286, 80386, 80486 You could buy chips from multiple vendors
Intel trademarked its chip as the Pentium Pentium II, Pentium III, Pentium IV Clock speed (MHz or GHz) differentiates chips
The central processing unit (cpu) or “brain” of the PC
The Microprocessor
Computer Components
Bits are switches turned ‘on’ or ‘off’
ON bits are said to be in a 1 state OFF bits are said to be in a 0 state
Computer Components
ON bits are said to be in a 1 state OFF bits are said to be in a 0 state
0 0 0 1 11 00
Combination of 1’s and 0’s represent the letters, numbers, and special characters.
Allows for 256 combinations.
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Bits and Bytes
8 bits = 1 Byte (1 keyboard character) 1,024 bytes = 1 Kilobyte (1K) 1,024 K = 1 Megabyte (MB) 1,024 MB = 1 Gigabyte (GB)
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Memory
Transient (erased when power turned off) Consider a UPS (uninterrupted power supply)
Measured in bytes 1 Kilobyte = 210 characters (~1,000 bytes) 1 Megabyte = 220 characters (~1,000,000 bytes) 1 Gigabyte = 230 characters (~1,000,000,000 bytes)
Need 256Mb or 512Mb of RAM Keep multiple programs & data files in memory Graphic-intensive programs demand a lot of memory
The Original PC had 16Kb of memory
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Auxiliary Storage
Floppy Disk No longer standard
Hard (fixed) disk 30 Gb and higher
Removable storage CD-ROM CD-R/CD-RW DVD/DVD-R/DVD-RW
(Digital Video Disk HD) Zip disks Tape
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Disk Storage
Based on bytes per track per sector
1 track on 1 Sector contains 512 bytes
Track-sector on each surface (top & bottom)
Storage = 1,024 bytes per track-sector (top & bottom) = 1K
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Disk Storage
Cylinder Same track on each
surface make up a cylinder
All data in one cylinder can be read without moving read/write arm
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The Monitor Resolution is expressed in
picture elements or pixels; (800 x 600 or 1024 x 768)
The higher the resolution, the more you can see at one time.
Larger monitors enable you to you run at higher resolutions; e.g., 19” to run 1024 x 768 comfortably
A graphics card speeds processing
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The Printer Ink Jet
Today’s entry level Laser
Top-of-the line Four-in-one functionality
Printer, scanner, fax, copier
Network printer
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The Digital Camera An image is stored on a photosensitive
computer chip, which converts the image to a series of pixels 2 megapixels is entry-level 3 megapixels is better 5+ megapixels about $400-$600
There is no film; images are stored in memory; the more memory the more pictures 64Mb to 128Mb is suggested
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The Rise of the Personal Computer
Altair 8800: 1975
Apple II: 1977
IBM PC: 1981
First Portable PC: 1983
Apple Macintosh: 1984
Palm Pilot 1000: 1996
Apple iMac: 1998
PDA (Personal Digital Assistant)(b) iMac
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The Purchase of a PC (continued)
Insist on an unconditional 30-day return policy for full refund
Insist on a price guarantee; i.e., if the price goes down within 30 days, you are entitled to the rebate
Pay with a credit card Leverage to enforce above items Double the manufacturer’s warranty up to an
additional year Don’t forget the software
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Software System Software – Microsoft Windows
Windows XP Home Edition Windows XP Professional Edition What Windows does not have - File Compression,
Antivirus, Graphical FTP Application Software – Microsoft Office
Core applications – Word, Excel, Access, and PowerPoint
Personal Information Manager – Outlook Other applications – FrontPage and Publisher New to Office 2003 - OneNote and InfoPath
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Disk and File Management A file is a set of instructions or data
Program file: Microsoft Word or Microsoft Excel Data File: Document or workbook
Copy, move, rename or delete a file A folder allows us to organize our files
May contain files and/or other folders
A back up strategy is critical What (data), When (whenever it changes), Where
(off site), How (Windows Explorer), and Who (you)
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Windows Explorer
Homework is the active folder
- Sign indicate object is expanded
Milestones in Communication is
selected file
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Maintaining Your SystemWindows update takes place
automatically
Double click to install a printer Double click to add
new user
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A computer virus is an actively infectious program that can erase data and/or alter the way your computer works
Worms and Trojan horses are other types of infectious programs, but all are bad
Computer viruses are spread through email, and/or infected floppy disks
Windows does not include an antivirus program; i.e., you must buy it separately and update it frequently
Antivirus Software
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File Transfer Protocol Graphical FTP is not part of Windows
Selected file to FTP Click to upload
Where you will FTP the file
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File Compression Use WinZip (or
compatible) program to create a compressed file or archive
Create a self-extracting file from the archive that does not require supporting software
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Introduction to Networks
Most people work in a network environment Home network Local Area Network (LAN) Wide Area Network (WAN)
The physical structure includes: interface cards, cables, hubs, switches, and routers
Protect your password!
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The Internet and World Wide Web
The Internet Network of networks Began in 1969 as a
government project Original network had 4
computers; No central authority and
thus impossible to know the exact size
The World Wide Web A subset of the Internet
consisting of computers that store hypertext documents
Invented by Tim Berners Lee who wanted to share notes with colleagues at the European Particle Physics Laboratory (CERN) in Switzerland
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Acronyms Abound HTTP – HyperText Transfer Protocol is used to
transmit Web documents HTTPS – Secure protocol for confidential
transactions HTML – The language in which all Web
documents are displayed TCP/IP – A suite of protocols that allows
multiple platforms to communicate ISP – Internet Service Provider
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The Exploring Office Web Site
Web address (or URL)
Internet Explorer is the browser
HTTP protocol
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The Commercialization of Cyberspace
Advantages for the Seller Open 24/7 Shoppers from anywhere Virtual inventory is cheaper
and extensive Lower transaction costs Target your customers
Advantages for the Buyer Open 24/7 Never leave home Easy to view and explore
product line Comparison shop Web site knows you
E-commerce is the exchange of goods and services via the Internet. It requires a buyer and seller, and a ‘place to meet’
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E-Mail (Electronic Mail) E-mail is simply a means of sending
messages via computer There should be no expectation of privacy Every e-mail address is unique and consists
of two parts, a username and a host computer; e.g. [email protected]
You can obtain an account at school, pay for an account through an ISP such as AOL, or get free email accounts at sites like www.hotmail.com or www.yahoo.com
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The Mail Folders
Inbox – new messages as well as messages that have been read
Outbox – messages not yet sent Sent items – messages that have been sent
(moved here from outbox) Deleted items – messages deleted from any
folder Custom folders – additional folders created
by the user
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Additional E-mail Capabilities Address Book
Contains the e-mail addresses of frequent contacts
Enables you to enter an alias (e.g., “Bob” instead of the complete address)
Distribution List A set of e-mail addresses stored under one
name Ideal for your professor to e-mail the class
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Microsoft. NET Combination of technologies that collectively build
complex applications over the Internet Based on interoperability in which a user can access
data in any application, over any platform, over any device
Uses XML Web Services An industry standard for data structuring Service is developed once Exported to different applications
Microsoft Passport is the best known XML Web service
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Summary Understand components of a computer
system for usage and purchasing Distinguish between system software and
application software Understand disk and file management Understand tools, such as antivirus software,
FTP, and File Compression Learn about Networks, the Internet, WWW,
and E-mail Discover new Microsoft Applications