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CMS, Wikis, and CMS, Wikis, and WikipediaWikipedia

Ahmed SamehAhmed Sameh

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WikisWikis

Original vision / implementationOriginal vision / implementation Ward Cunningham: 1994/1995Ward Cunningham: 1994/1995 See /c2.com/cgi/wiki?WikiWikiWebSee /c2.com/cgi/wiki?WikiWikiWeb

Idea: open editing of web contentIdea: open editing of web content Lots of instances, lots of toolsLots of instances, lots of tools en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_wikis en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_wiki_softwar

e en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_wiki

_software

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WikipediaWikipedia

Anyone can editAnyone can edit Well... Well...

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Flagged_revisioen.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Flagged_revisionsns

Interesting read: Interesting read: http://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/gadgets-http://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/gadgets-and-tech/features/is-wikipedia-cracking-up-and-tech/features/is-wikipedia-cracking-up-1543527.html1543527.html

Recent changesRecent changes WatchlistsWatchlists MassiveMassive amounts of discussion and amounts of discussion and

massivemassive social conventions social conventions

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Wikipedia statsWikipedia stats

One of the 10 most visited web sitesOne of the 10 most visited web sites http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Statisti

cs Over 2.7 millionOver 2.7 million articles (English) articles (English) Users have made Users have made over 282 millionover 282 million

edits, with an average of edits, with an average of 17.8617.86 per per page, since July 2002. page, since July 2002.

User statisticsUser statistics Over 8.8 million Over 8.8 million registered user accounts registered user accounts Over 162 thousand active in the last thirty Over 162 thousand active in the last thirty

daysdays About 1600 administratorsAbout 1600 administrators

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Interesting wikipedia Interesting wikipedia urlsurls

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Bob_Dylan

http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bob_Dylan&action=history

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Studying Cooperation and Studying Cooperation and Conflict between Authors Conflict between Authors with with history flowhistory flow VisualizationsVisualizations

Fernanda Viegas, Martin Fernanda Viegas, Martin Wattenberg, and Kushal Wattenberg, and Kushal DaveDave

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SummarySummary Developed history flow visualizationDeveloped history flow visualization Applied it to a (presumably) hand-Applied it to a (presumably) hand-

selected sample of 70 or so Wikipedia selected sample of 70 or so Wikipedia pagespages

Identified some interesting patternsIdentified some interesting patterns Contribution of different authorsContribution of different authors Vandalism + repairVandalism + repair Edit warsEdit wars

Did some statistical analysisDid some statistical analysis Mean/median time to repair one type of Mean/median time to repair one type of

vandalismvandalism

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history flowhistory flow

http://www.research.ibm.com/visual/projects/history_flow/

http://www.research.ibm.com/visual/projects/history_flow/gallery.htm

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Interlude...Interlude...

From Priedhorsky et al, GROUP 2007From Priedhorsky et al, GROUP 2007

Rapidity of damage repairRapidity of damage repair

0.06% - 1.3k≥ 10,000

0.75% - 16k ≥ 1,000

11%≥ 100

31%≥ 10 views

58%≥ 1 view

# incidentsPersistence

i.e., 42% had no impact

DiscussionDiscussion

The impact of damage is low but nonzero

... and rising (?)

1. n humans review each revision quickly

2. ensure each article is on n watchlists

n × 28k humans at 5 mins daily work

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More quantitative More quantitative research on Wikipediaresearch on Wikipedia

Coordination and conflictCoordination and conflict kittur.org/research.htmlkittur.org/research.html Aaron HalfakerAaron Halfaker

Quantifying value of edits, impact of Quantifying value of edits, impact of damagedamage Ried PreidhorskyRied Preidhorsky

Wikipedians are born, not madeWikipedians are born, not made Katie PancieraKatie Panciera

Edit qualityEdit quality Michael Ekstrand, Jilin ChenMichael Ekstrand, Jilin Chen

SeeSoftSeeSoft The Seesoft software visualization system allows one to analyze The Seesoft software visualization system allows one to analyze

up to 50000 lines of code simultaneously by mapping each line up to 50000 lines of code simultaneously by mapping each line of code into a thin row. The color of each row indicates a of code into a thin row. The color of each row indicates a statistic of interest, e.g., red rows are those most recently statistic of interest, e.g., red rows are those most recently changed, and blue are those least recently changed. Seesoft changed, and blue are those least recently changed. Seesoft displays data derived from a variety of sources, such as version displays data derived from a variety of sources, such as version control systems that track the age, programmer, and purpose of control systems that track the age, programmer, and purpose of the code (e.g., control ISDN lamps, fix bug in call forwarding); the code (e.g., control ISDN lamps, fix bug in call forwarding); static analyses, (e.g., locations where functions are called); and static analyses, (e.g., locations where functions are called); and dynamic analyses (e.g., profiling). By means of direct dynamic analyses (e.g., profiling). By means of direct manipulation and high interaction graphics, the user can manipulation and high interaction graphics, the user can manipulate this reduced representation of the code in order to manipulate this reduced representation of the code in order to find interesting patterns. Further insight is obtained by using find interesting patterns. Further insight is obtained by using additional windows to display the actual code. Potential additional windows to display the actual code. Potential applications for Seesoft include discovery, project management, applications for Seesoft include discovery, project management, code tuning, and analysis of development methodologies.code tuning, and analysis of development methodologies.

SeeSoftSeeSoft

WikiScannerWikiScanner

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WikiScanner WikiScanner

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IssuesIssues history flow visualizations – useful?history flow visualizations – useful?

How confident are you in the results?How confident are you in the results? ““this visualization helps identify this visualization helps identify

patterns, not explain them; and it is not patterns, not explain them; and it is not clear how it extends onto a larger scope clear how it extends onto a larger scope than just one page at a time”than just one page at a time”

Does the paper tell us just about Does the paper tell us just about controversial topics?controversial topics? ““My only questions revolve around the My only questions revolve around the

articles chosen for inspection”articles chosen for inspection”

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IssuesIssues What do we know about fixing “vandalism” What do we know about fixing “vandalism”

on Wikipedia after reading this article?on Wikipedia after reading this article? Why do users watch?Why do users watch? How many users have to be watching?How many users have to be watching? How many users have to be beneficent?How many users have to be beneficent? Metrics? (see Reid’s work)Metrics? (see Reid’s work)

Computational definitions of “edit wars”, Computational definitions of “edit wars”, “vandalism”, etc.?“vandalism”, etc.? See See

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:AntiVandalBothttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:AntiVandalBot

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IssuesIssues

Coordination and conflictCoordination and conflict See kittur.org/research.htmlSee kittur.org/research.html

How to achieve consensusHow to achieve consensus Limited privileges vs. open privileges + Limited privileges vs. open privileges +

social conventionssocial conventions Note: Flagged RevisionsNote: Flagged Revisions

How to avoid “vandalism”How to avoid “vandalism” Technical approaches vs. limited privileges Technical approaches vs. limited privileges

vs. social norms (aided by mechanisms)vs. social norms (aided by mechanisms) Social approaches require scale to Social approaches require scale to

work?work? Large vs. small wikisLarge vs. small wikis

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Issues Issues

Tyranny of the first (editor)Tyranny of the first (editor) Do the history flows give any evidence Do the history flows give any evidence

about this?about this? Wikipedia and adversarial Wikipedia and adversarial

collaborationcollaboration NPOV == POV-X + POV-Y?NPOV == POV-X + POV-Y?

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IssuesIssues

Other mechanismsOther mechanisms Slashdot mass moderationSlashdot mass moderation ??????

Scenarios – what high-level tool Scenarios – what high-level tool would you choose for…would you choose for…

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Content Management Content Management Systems and DrupalSystems and Drupal

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Content_management_systemContent_management_system

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_content_managemenComparison_of_content_management_systemst_systems

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CMSCMS ““Publish” web sites without (much) Publish” web sites without (much)

programming (required)programming (required) Content separated from presentationContent separated from presentation TemplatesTemplates WorkflowWorkflow Administrative interfacesAdministrative interfaces Database backendDatabase backend Modular architectureModular architecture Can program as necessaryCan program as necessary

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Drupal – a powerful CMSDrupal – a powerful CMS

BloggingBlogging Syndication: RSSSyndication: RSS ForumsForums ““Books”Books” News + commentsNews + comments PollsPolls User roles + permissionsUser roles + permissions Web-based administrationWeb-based administration

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Drupal requirementsDrupal requirements

Web server (Apache)Web server (Apache) PHPPHP Database server (MySQL)Database server (MySQL) Installation not trivial(?)Installation not trivial(?)

Already installed on ITLabs machinesAlready installed on ITLabs machines

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Drupal informationDrupal information

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drupalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drupal http://drupal.org/http://drupal.org/ http://drupal.org/abouthttp://drupal.org/about (etc.) (etc.)

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Drupal examplesDrupal examples

Communitylab.orgCommunitylab.org Grouplens.orgGrouplens.org glaros.dtc.umn.edu/glaros.dtc.umn.edu/ volunteermatch.comvolunteermatch.com civicrm.orgcivicrm.org www.defectivebydesign.org/en/nodewww.defectivebydesign.org/en/node