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Chemistry of Life

Chemistry: study of matterBiochemistry: study of living matter

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Matter Anything with mass that occupies

space

Solid, liquid, gas (depending upon density)

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Properties of matter Chemical: characteristics of matter

as it undergoes change in composition

Physical: characteristics of matter such as color, density, hardness, melting point, boiling point, electrical and thermal conductivities

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Types of matterMATTER

MIXTURES PURE SUBSTANCES

Homogenous

Heterogeneous

COMPOUNDS

ELEMENTS

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Terminology Atom: smallest particle of an

element

Molecule: smallest particle of an element or compound that can have a stable independent existence

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Atom of an element Nucleus Neutron Proton Electron

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Periodic table of elements Atomic number Atomic mass Electronegativity Ionization number Valence number

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Chemical formulas Show the chemical composition of

a substance

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Electron shells

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Bonds Ionic Covalent Hydrogen

Chemical reactions represent forming or breaking of bonds.

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Ions and Ionic compounds Gaining or losing electrons in the

outer shell cations or anions

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Hydrogen bonds Weak when few, strong when

many

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Covalent bonds Sharing

electrons in the outer shell

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Polar covalent bonds contribute to water properties (cohesion & adhesion)

Water chemistry

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Water dissociation weak acids and bases

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Water vs. Ice

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Solvent

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Proteins

Membrane & cellular proteins