1 ch110 chapter 2: energy & matter potential & kinetic energy energy from food temperature...
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![Page 1: 1 CH110 Chapter 2: Energy & Matter Potential & Kinetic Energy Energy from Food Temperature Specific Heat States of Matter Heating & Cooling Curves](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062714/56649d5e5503460f94a3eb23/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
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CH110 CH110 Chapter 2: Energy & MatterChapter 2: Energy & Matter
Potential & Kinetic EnergyPotential & Kinetic Energy
Energy from FoodEnergy from Food
TemperatureTemperature
Specific HeatSpecific Heat
States of MatterStates of Matter
Heating & Cooling CurvesHeating & Cooling Curves
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EnergyEnergyEnergyEnergy = The capacity to cause change
HeatLight
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MetricMetric
SISI
CommonCommon
ConversionsConversions
LengthLength
VolumeVolume
MassMass
EnergyEnergy
Units of MeasurementUnits of Measurement
meter (m) 1 m = 1.09 ydmeter (m) 1 m = 1.09 yd
liter (L) 1 L = 1.06 qtliter (L) 1 L = 1.06 qt
gram (g) 1 kg = 2.2 lbgram (g) 1 kg = 2.2 lb
calorie (cal) 1Kcal = 1000 cal = 1Calcalorie (cal) 1Kcal = 1000 cal = 1CalJoule (J) 1 cal = 4.18 JJoule (J) 1 cal = 4.18 J
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EnergyEnergyUnits of Energy =Units of Energy =
caloriecalorie calcal
kilocaloriekilocalorie kcalkcal 1000 cal = 1 kcal1000 cal = 1 kcal
CalorieCalorie CalCal Cal = kcalCal = kcal
joulejoule JJ 4.18 J = 1 cal4.18 J = 1 cal
British British
Thermal UnitThermal UnitBTUBTU
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EnergyEnergycalorie: calorie:
E E toto raise 1 g H raise 1 g H220 0 byby 1 1 ooCC
H2O 11 cal
1g 1oC
11 cal
1g 1oC
Specific HeatSpecific Heat
1oC
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Energy from FoodEnergy from Food
CarbohydrateCarbohydrate
FatFat
ProteinProtein
4 kcal
1 g carb
4 kcal
1 g carb
9 kcal
1 g fat
9 kcal
1 g fat
4 kcal
1 g protein
4 kcal
1 g protein
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MetricMetric
SISI
CommonCommon
ConversionsConversions
LengthLength
VolumeVolume
MassMass
EnergyEnergy
TemperatureTemperature
Units of MeasurementUnits of Measurement
meter (m) 1 m = 1.09 ydmeter (m) 1 m = 1.09 yd
liter (L) 1 L = 1.06 qtliter (L) 1 L = 1.06 qt
gram (g) 1 kg = 2.2 lbgram (g) 1 kg = 2.2 lb
Celsius (oC) C = (F-32)/1.8Kelvin (K) K = C + 273
calorie (cal) 1Kcal = 1000 cal = 1Calcalorie (cal) 1Kcal = 1000 cal = 1CalJoule (J) 1 cal = 4.18 JJoule (J) 1 cal = 4.18 J
![Page 8: 1 CH110 Chapter 2: Energy & Matter Potential & Kinetic Energy Energy from Food Temperature Specific Heat States of Matter Heating & Cooling Curves](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062714/56649d5e5503460f94a3eb23/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
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180180oo100100oo
TemperatureTemperature
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Temperature conversionTemperature conversion
• Common scales used• Fahrenheit,Fahrenheit, CelsiusCelsius andand KelvinKelvin..
ooFF = 1.8 = 1.8 ooC + 32 C + 32
ooCC = = ((ooF - 32)F - 32)1.81.8
KK = = ooC + 273C + 273 SI unitSI unit
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• At what temperature does At what temperature does ooF = F = ooC?C?
Trivial Pursuit QuestionTrivial Pursuit Question
- 40 - 40 ooF = - 40 F = - 40 ooCC
- 40 - 40 oo
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EnergyEnergycalorie: calorie:
E E toto raise 1 g H raise 1 g H220 0 byby 1 1ooCC
H2O 11 cal
1g 1oC
11 cal
1g 1oC
Specific HeatSpecific Heat
1oC
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Specific HeatSpecific HeatE to raise Temp of 1g substance by 1 E to raise Temp of 1g substance by 1 ooCC
Fe Fe
0.110.11
Cu
0.093
H2O
1.00
Ag
0.057Au
0.031
Sand
0.19Al
0.22
cal
1g 1oC
cal
1g 1oC
0oC = start0oC = start Add 1 calAdd 1 cal
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Specific HeatSpecific Heat
Fe Fe
0.110.11
Cu
0.093
Ag
0.057
Au
0.031
Sand
0.19Al
0.22
0oC = start0oC = start
H2O
1.00
E to raise Temp of 1g substance by 1E to raise Temp of 1g substance by 1ooCC
cal
g oC
cal
g oC
1o
10o
30o
20o
Add 1 calAdd 1 cal
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High SpHt; Resists changeHigh SpHt; Resists change
Specific HeatSpecific Heat
Fe Fe
0.110.11
Cu
0.093
Ag
0.057
Au
0.031
Sand
0.19Al
0.22H2O
1.00
1o
10o
30o
20o
Low SpHt; Heats quicklyLow SpHt; Heats quickly
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Specific HeatSpecific Heat
Sand
0.19H2O
1.00
Resists change
Stays cold
Heats quickly
Gets hot
Hydrated person
Resists change in body temp
Dehydrated person
Body temp rises quickly
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Elemental states at 25Elemental states at 25ooCC
He
Rn
XeI
KrBrSe
ArClS
NeFO
P
NC
H
Li
Na
Cs
Rb
K
TlHgAuHfLsBa
Fr
PtIrOsReWTa PoBiPb
Be
Mg
Sr
Ca
CdAgZrY PdRhRuTcMoNb
AcRa
ZnCuTiSc NiCoFeMnCrV
In SbSn
Ga Ge
Al
Gd
Cm
Tb
Bk
Sm
Pu
Eu
Am
Nd
U
Pm
Np
Ce
Th
Pr
Pa
Yb
No
Lu
Lr
Er
Fm
Tm
Md
Dy
Cf
Ho
Es
At
Te
As
Si
B
SolidLiquid
Gas
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Changes of StateChanges of State
Melting Pt = Melting Pt = Freezing PtFreezing Pt
Boiling PtBoiling Pt
SolidSolid
LiquidLiquid
VaporVapor
CondenseCondenseCondenseCondense
FreezeFreezeFreezeFreezeMeltMeltMeltMelt
VaporizeVaporizeVaporizeVaporize
Slow, close,Slow, close,Fixed Fixed
arrangementarrangement
Moderate, close,Moderate, close,Random Random
arrangementarrangement
Fast, far apart,Fast, far apart,RandomRandom
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SolidSolid
LiquidLiquid
VaporVapor
Changes of StateChanges of State
FrostFrostDepositDepositDepositDeposit
SublimeSublimeSublimeSublimeFreeze DryFreeze Dry