1 center for astrophysics and space astronomy (casa) department of astrophysical and planetary...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: 1 Center for Astrophysics and Space Astronomy (CASA) Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences (APS) University of Colorado, Boulder The Herschel](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022070408/56649c7c5503460f94931370/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
1Center for Astrophysics and Space Astronomy (CASA) Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences (APS) University of Colorado, Boulder
The Herschel ViewThe Herschel Viewof theof the
Galactic CenterGalactic Center
John BallyJohn Bally11
Hi-GAL PI: Sergio Molinari (Rome)Hi-GAL PI: Sergio Molinari (Rome)+ Hi-GAL team … (~150 researchers)+ Hi-GAL team … (~150 researchers)
![Page 2: 1 Center for Astrophysics and Space Astronomy (CASA) Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences (APS) University of Colorado, Boulder The Herschel](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022070408/56649c7c5503460f94931370/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
8 m 70 m 350 m
Sgr B2 Sgr B1 G0.25 GCB 50 km/s Sgr A 20 km/s
![Page 3: 1 Center for Astrophysics and Space Astronomy (CASA) Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences (APS) University of Colorado, Boulder The Herschel](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022070408/56649c7c5503460f94931370/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Outline
• Herschel Hi-GAL: 70, 160, 250, 350, 500 m
• The Central Molecular Zone:
Context
Dust Cold dust, (warm gas); Column density
Star Formation Distribution, Asymmetries, Rate
• Galactic Center Bubble:
Relation to: Sofue-Handa Lobe, Fermi/LAT, …
Nature of 70 m sources
• Star Formation vs. SMBH activity:
Feeding vs. Shielding
![Page 4: 1 Center for Astrophysics and Space Astronomy (CASA) Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences (APS) University of Colorado, Boulder The Herschel](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022070408/56649c7c5503460f94931370/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Herschel Space Observatory:Herschel Space Observatory: (May 2009 - April 2013)
D = 3.5 meter @ L2 PACS: 70, 100, 160 m SPIRE: 250, 350, 500 m HIFI: THz heterodyne
Herschel Galactic Plane Survey (Hi-GAL)
![Page 5: 1 Center for Astrophysics and Space Astronomy (CASA) Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences (APS) University of Colorado, Boulder The Herschel](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022070408/56649c7c5503460f94931370/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Herschel Galactic Plane Survey (Hi-GAL)Herschel Galactic Plane Survey (Hi-GAL)PI: Sergio Molinari (Rome) + 150 co-Is ~900 hrs
Galactic Plane [360o X 2o] 720 square degree survey
= 70, 160, 250, 350, 500 m = 6 , 11, 15 , 22 , 35 arcsec resolution
Hi-GAL - inner Galaxy 120o year 1 Hi-GAL360 - outer Galaxy 120o year 2 2-GAL - 60o segments at l = 90o, 270o year 3
Images & Catalogs in preparation (release in late 2013)
~ 500,000 band-merged compact sources (YSOs, compact HII regions, post-MS stars, PNe, …)
![Page 6: 1 Center for Astrophysics and Space Astronomy (CASA) Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences (APS) University of Colorado, Boulder The Herschel](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022070408/56649c7c5503460f94931370/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Inner Lindblad Resonance (ILR)
R ~ 450 pc ?
Epicyclic frequency
Bar rotation frequency
~ 2:1
1.3
kpc
The CMZ:
Orbits in a Bar(tri-axial) potential:x1 vs. x2
![Page 7: 1 Center for Astrophysics and Space Astronomy (CASA) Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences (APS) University of Colorado, Boulder The Herschel](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022070408/56649c7c5503460f94931370/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Barred Spiral : NGC1097 HSTBarred Spiral : NGC1097 HST 1 kpc starburst ring
![Page 8: 1 Center for Astrophysics and Space Astronomy (CASA) Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences (APS) University of Colorado, Boulder The Herschel](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022070408/56649c7c5503460f94931370/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Orbits: x1 - elongated along bar x2 - elongated orthogonal to bar
Bally 2010 cartoon Rodriguez-Fernandez 2006, 2008; model Molinari et al. (2011) ring
V
l
![Page 9: 1 Center for Astrophysics and Space Astronomy (CASA) Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences (APS) University of Colorado, Boulder The Herschel](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022070408/56649c7c5503460f94931370/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
![Page 10: 1 Center for Astrophysics and Space Astronomy (CASA) Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences (APS) University of Colorado, Boulder The Herschel](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022070408/56649c7c5503460f94931370/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
24 m
Bania’s Clump 2 l = 1.3 Sgr B2 / B1 Sgr A Sgr C
(Hinz 2008; Yusef-Zadeh 2009)
![Page 11: 1 Center for Astrophysics and Space Astronomy (CASA) Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences (APS) University of Colorado, Boulder The Herschel](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022070408/56649c7c5503460f94931370/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Bania’s Clump 2 l = 1.3 Sgr B2 / B1 Sgr A Sgr C
70 m
![Page 12: 1 Center for Astrophysics and Space Astronomy (CASA) Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences (APS) University of Colorado, Boulder The Herschel](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022070408/56649c7c5503460f94931370/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Bania’s Clump 2 l = 1.3 Sgr B2 / B1 Sgr A Sgr C
160 m
![Page 13: 1 Center for Astrophysics and Space Astronomy (CASA) Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences (APS) University of Colorado, Boulder The Herschel](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022070408/56649c7c5503460f94931370/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Bania’s Clump 2 l = 1.3 Sgr B2 / B1 Sgr A Sgr C
250 m
![Page 14: 1 Center for Astrophysics and Space Astronomy (CASA) Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences (APS) University of Colorado, Boulder The Herschel](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022070408/56649c7c5503460f94931370/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Bania’s Clump 2 l = 1.3 Sgr B2 / B1 Sgr A Sgr C
350 m
![Page 15: 1 Center for Astrophysics and Space Astronomy (CASA) Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences (APS) University of Colorado, Boulder The Herschel](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022070408/56649c7c5503460f94931370/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Bania’s Clump 2 l = 1.3 Sgr B2 / B1 Sgr A Sgr C
500 m
![Page 16: 1 Center for Astrophysics and Space Astronomy (CASA) Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences (APS) University of Colorado, Boulder The Herschel](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022070408/56649c7c5503460f94931370/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Bania’s Clump 2 l = 1.3 Sgr B2 / B1 Sgr A Sgr C
1100 m
(Bolocam Galactic Plane Survey
Ginsburg et al. 2012)
![Page 17: 1 Center for Astrophysics and Space Astronomy (CASA) Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences (APS) University of Colorado, Boulder The Herschel](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022070408/56649c7c5503460f94931370/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Bania’s Clump 2 l = 1.3 Sgr B2 / B1 Sgr A Sgr C
20 cm(Yusef-Zadeh 2009)
![Page 18: 1 Center for Astrophysics and Space Astronomy (CASA) Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences (APS) University of Colorado, Boulder The Herschel](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022070408/56649c7c5503460f94931370/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
24 m
Bania’s Clump 2 l = 1.3 Sgr B2 / B1 Sgr A Sgr C
(Hinz 2008; Yusef-Zadeh 2009)
![Page 19: 1 Center for Astrophysics and Space Astronomy (CASA) Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences (APS) University of Colorado, Boulder The Herschel](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022070408/56649c7c5503460f94931370/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Bania’s Clump 2 l = 1.3 Sgr B2 / B1 Sgr A Sgr C
70 m
![Page 20: 1 Center for Astrophysics and Space Astronomy (CASA) Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences (APS) University of Colorado, Boulder The Herschel](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022070408/56649c7c5503460f94931370/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
![Page 21: 1 Center for Astrophysics and Space Astronomy (CASA) Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences (APS) University of Colorado, Boulder The Herschel](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022070408/56649c7c5503460f94931370/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Central Molecular Zone
24 m, 70 m, 350 m
![Page 22: 1 Center for Astrophysics and Space Astronomy (CASA) Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences (APS) University of Colorado, Boulder The Herschel](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022070408/56649c7c5503460f94931370/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
24 m, 70 m, 350 m
Central Molecular Zone
![Page 23: 1 Center for Astrophysics and Space Astronomy (CASA) Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences (APS) University of Colorado, Boulder The Herschel](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022070408/56649c7c5503460f94931370/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Central Molecular Zone
20 cm, 70 m, 350 m
![Page 24: 1 Center for Astrophysics and Space Astronomy (CASA) Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences (APS) University of Colorado, Boulder The Herschel](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022070408/56649c7c5503460f94931370/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Central Molecular Zone
20 cm, 70 m, 350 m
![Page 25: 1 Center for Astrophysics and Space Astronomy (CASA) Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences (APS) University of Colorado, Boulder The Herschel](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022070408/56649c7c5503460f94931370/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Central Molecular Zone
20 cm, 70 m, 350 m
![Page 26: 1 Center for Astrophysics and Space Astronomy (CASA) Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences (APS) University of Colorado, Boulder The Herschel](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022070408/56649c7c5503460f94931370/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
![Page 27: 1 Center for Astrophysics and Space Astronomy (CASA) Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences (APS) University of Colorado, Boulder The Herschel](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022070408/56649c7c5503460f94931370/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
24 24 mm 350 350 mm2/3 gas, dust: @ Pos. longitudes 2/3 24 m sources: @ Neg. longitudes
Sgr A*
Inert, stable CMZ Starburst region
1o => R ~ 150 pc, torbit ~ 8 Myr
Sgr B2
![Page 28: 1 Center for Astrophysics and Space Astronomy (CASA) Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences (APS) University of Colorado, Boulder The Herschel](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022070408/56649c7c5503460f94931370/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Central Molecular Zone (CMZ)
- x10 - x100 denser, more turbulent than disk GMCs
Traced by HCN, HNCO, CS, SiO, NH3, etc.
V > 20 km/s
- Asymmetry:
Gas & cold dust:
2/3 at POSITIVE longitude, velocity
24 m sources:
2/3 at NEGATIVE longitude
Note: torbit ~ 6 Myr r100 pc V100 km/s-1 (+ 3 to 30
Myr)
![Page 29: 1 Center for Astrophysics and Space Astronomy (CASA) Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences (APS) University of Colorado, Boulder The Herschel](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022070408/56649c7c5503460f94931370/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Dust T, N(HDust T, N(H22) ) Battersby (2011, A&A, 535, 128) algorithm
TT
N(HN(H22))
cold ~ 14 K warm ~ 50 K
2 x 1021 to 2 x 1024 cm-2
![Page 30: 1 Center for Astrophysics and Space Astronomy (CASA) Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences (APS) University of Colorado, Boulder The Herschel](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022070408/56649c7c5503460f94931370/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Sgr A (CNR)
N(H2) from dust (Rome algorithm)
![Page 31: 1 Center for Astrophysics and Space Astronomy (CASA) Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences (APS) University of Colorado, Boulder The Herschel](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022070408/56649c7c5503460f94931370/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Tdust cold ~ 14 K warm ~ 50 K (Rome algorithm)
Sgr A (CNR)
![Page 32: 1 Center for Astrophysics and Space Astronomy (CASA) Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences (APS) University of Colorado, Boulder The Herschel](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022070408/56649c7c5503460f94931370/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
The Molinari et al. (2011) ~100 pc ring
Sgr A (CNR)
![Page 33: 1 Center for Astrophysics and Space Astronomy (CASA) Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences (APS) University of Colorado, Boulder The Herschel](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022070408/56649c7c5503460f94931370/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
The Molinari et al. (2011) R ~100 pc ring Region of Starburst activity in CMZ But … Sgr B2 Proper Motion ~ 80 km/s => R ~ 150 to 200 pc?
![Page 34: 1 Center for Astrophysics and Space Astronomy (CASA) Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences (APS) University of Colorado, Boulder The Herschel](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022070408/56649c7c5503460f94931370/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
![Page 35: 1 Center for Astrophysics and Space Astronomy (CASA) Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences (APS) University of Colorado, Boulder The Herschel](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022070408/56649c7c5503460f94931370/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Galactic Center: 8 m
Sgr B2Sgr A (CNR)
![Page 36: 1 Center for Astrophysics and Space Astronomy (CASA) Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences (APS) University of Colorado, Boulder The Herschel](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022070408/56649c7c5503460f94931370/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Galactic Center Bubble: 24 m
Sgr A (CNR)
![Page 37: 1 Center for Astrophysics and Space Astronomy (CASA) Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences (APS) University of Colorado, Boulder The Herschel](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022070408/56649c7c5503460f94931370/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
8 m 70 m 350 m
Sgr A (CNR)
![Page 38: 1 Center for Astrophysics and Space Astronomy (CASA) Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences (APS) University of Colorado, Boulder The Herschel](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022070408/56649c7c5503460f94931370/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Galactic Center: 20 cm
Sgr A (CNR)
![Page 39: 1 Center for Astrophysics and Space Astronomy (CASA) Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences (APS) University of Colorado, Boulder The Herschel](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022070408/56649c7c5503460f94931370/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Galactic Center Bubble
- Brightest super-bubble in Galaxy at 24 m
- D ~ 30 pc
- Arches, Pistol clusters, Sgr A East SNR
A nested set of Bubbles?
Sgr A East: 1 pc
GCB: 30 pc
Sofue-Handa (84) lobe: 150 pc
Fermi-LAT bubble: 5,000 pc
A weak `nuclear super-wind’ ?
Star-formation -or- SMBH ?
![Page 40: 1 Center for Astrophysics and Space Astronomy (CASA) Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences (APS) University of Colorado, Boulder The Herschel](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022070408/56649c7c5503460f94931370/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Galactic Center Bubble => Sofue-Handa Lobe => Fermi-LAT Bubble ?
Finkbeiner et al. (2010)
Law et al. (2009, 2010)
3.5 cm(GBT)
Sofue-HandaLobe
Caution: Sco-Cen superbubble 150 pc from Sun
2 deg.
![Page 41: 1 Center for Astrophysics and Space Astronomy (CASA) Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences (APS) University of Colorado, Boulder The Herschel](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022070408/56649c7c5503460f94931370/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Sgr B2 Continuum
CO SED
(Etxaluze+ 2013)
![Page 42: 1 Center for Astrophysics and Space Astronomy (CASA) Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences (APS) University of Colorado, Boulder The Herschel](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022070408/56649c7c5503460f94931370/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
3.6, 4.5, 8 m 280 GHz continuum 2.12 m H2
Sgr C (G359.44-.10) Kendrew et al. poster
![Page 43: 1 Center for Astrophysics and Space Astronomy (CASA) Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences (APS) University of Colorado, Boulder The Herschel](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022070408/56649c7c5503460f94931370/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Bania’s Clump 2
l = 3.2o
106 Mo
Most CMZ molecular gasat positiveLongitudes,& positive Velocities
![Page 44: 1 Center for Astrophysics and Space Astronomy (CASA) Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences (APS) University of Colorado, Boulder The Herschel](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022070408/56649c7c5503460f94931370/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Dense Gas with little / no star formation
Bania’s Clump 2 (l = 3.2o) & l = 1.3o - 1.5o
- Little 8, 24, 70 m emission
- Little or no star-formation
- Strong thermal SiO => shocks?
Location:
At end of innermost x1 orbit ?
Along length of x1 orbit ?
Where x1 and x2 intersect ?
![Page 45: 1 Center for Astrophysics and Space Astronomy (CASA) Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences (APS) University of Colorado, Boulder The Herschel](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022070408/56649c7c5503460f94931370/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Bania’s Clump 2
24 um, 70 um, 350 um
![Page 46: 1 Center for Astrophysics and Space Astronomy (CASA) Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences (APS) University of Colorado, Boulder The Herschel](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022070408/56649c7c5503460f94931370/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
G0.253+0.016G0.253+0.016 (the “Brick” or “Lima Bean”) (the “Brick” or “Lima Bean”)
105 Mo 3 pc, dense cloud in CMZ VERY LITTLE STAR FORMATION ! (the most extreme IRDC in the Galaxy?)
(Longmore et al. 2012) - ALMA Cycle 0 data (Rathborne et al. 2013)
3.6 - 8.0 m (Spitzer) 70 m (Hi-GAL) 450 m (SCUBA)
![Page 47: 1 Center for Astrophysics and Space Astronomy (CASA) Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences (APS) University of Colorado, Boulder The Herschel](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022070408/56649c7c5503460f94931370/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
![Page 48: 1 Center for Astrophysics and Space Astronomy (CASA) Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences (APS) University of Colorado, Boulder The Herschel](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022070408/56649c7c5503460f94931370/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
HCO+ J = 1-0
21 km/s 18 km/s 14 km/s
ALMA Cycle 0 data Rathborne et al. 2013Bally et al. 2013
![Page 49: 1 Center for Astrophysics and Space Astronomy (CASA) Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences (APS) University of Colorado, Boulder The Herschel](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022070408/56649c7c5503460f94931370/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
HCO+ J = 1-0
28 km/s 24 km/s 21 km/s
ALMA Cycle 0 data Rathborne et al. 2013Bally et al. 2013
![Page 50: 1 Center for Astrophysics and Space Astronomy (CASA) Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences (APS) University of Colorado, Boulder The Herschel](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022070408/56649c7c5503460f94931370/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
HCO+ J = 1-0
34 km/s 31 km/s 28 km/s
ALMA Cycle 0 data Rathborne et al. 2013Bally et al. 2013
![Page 51: 1 Center for Astrophysics and Space Astronomy (CASA) Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences (APS) University of Colorado, Boulder The Herschel](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022070408/56649c7c5503460f94931370/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
HCO+ J = 1-0
41 km/s 38 km/s 34 km/s
ALMA Cycle 0 data Rathborne et al. 2013Bally et al. 2013
![Page 52: 1 Center for Astrophysics and Space Astronomy (CASA) Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences (APS) University of Colorado, Boulder The Herschel](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022070408/56649c7c5503460f94931370/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
HCO+ J = 1-0
48 km/s 44 km/s 41 km/s
ALMA Cycle 0 data Rathborne et al. 2013Bally et al. 2013
![Page 53: 1 Center for Astrophysics and Space Astronomy (CASA) Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences (APS) University of Colorado, Boulder The Herschel](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022070408/56649c7c5503460f94931370/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
HCO+ J = 1-0
55 km/s 51 km/s 48 km/s
ALMA Cycle 0 data Rathborne et al. 2013Bally et al. 2013
![Page 54: 1 Center for Astrophysics and Space Astronomy (CASA) Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences (APS) University of Colorado, Boulder The Herschel](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022070408/56649c7c5503460f94931370/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
HCO+ J = 1-0
62 km/s 58 km/s 55 km/s
ALMA Cycle 0 data Rathborne et al. 2013Bally et al. 2013
![Page 55: 1 Center for Astrophysics and Space Astronomy (CASA) Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences (APS) University of Colorado, Boulder The Herschel](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022070408/56649c7c5503460f94931370/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
![Page 56: 1 Center for Astrophysics and Space Astronomy (CASA) Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences (APS) University of Colorado, Boulder The Herschel](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022070408/56649c7c5503460f94931370/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
Sgr A clusterL-band: (Viehmann 06)
Sgr A & Circum Nuclear Ring (CNR): 70 um, 160 um, 350 um (SHARC/CSO)
HCN (1-0) + P
50 km/s cloud 20 km/s cloud
Black Hole
Feeding star formation in the CNR?
![Page 57: 1 Center for Astrophysics and Space Astronomy (CASA) Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences (APS) University of Colorado, Boulder The Herschel](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022070408/56649c7c5503460f94931370/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
Sgr A PACS/SPIRE spectrum (Goicoechea+ 2013)
Hot (400 K), dense molecular gas CO in 3 pc ring
![Page 58: 1 Center for Astrophysics and Space Astronomy (CASA) Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences (APS) University of Colorado, Boulder The Herschel](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022070408/56649c7c5503460f94931370/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
CNR HIFI (Herschel) (Sonnentrucker+ 2013)
50 km/s cloud
20 km/s cloud
CNR HIFI (Herschel)/GREAT (SOFIA)(Requena-Torres+ 2013)
Hot (400 K) CO in 3 pc ringHF & para H2O in CMZ
![Page 59: 1 Center for Astrophysics and Space Astronomy (CASA) Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences (APS) University of Colorado, Boulder The Herschel](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022070408/56649c7c5503460f94931370/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
Future
- ALMA
small-scale line / continuum / polarization
- SOFIA HAWC++ MIR continuum / polarization / narrow-band GREAT CII, NII, OI, OIII, etc. FORCAST 11 - 37 um continuum
- JVLA NH3, SiO, CS, H2CO / high-f continuum / RRLs
- CCAT large-scale CI, CO 4-3 / continuum
- JWST small-scale 2 - 28 um
![Page 60: 1 Center for Astrophysics and Space Astronomy (CASA) Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences (APS) University of Colorado, Boulder The Herschel](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022070408/56649c7c5503460f94931370/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
Summary• ~ 90 - 150 pc ring of cold dust and gas
Contains Sgr B2, Sgr B1, Brick, Sgr C Most extreme star formation at r < 100 pc• Large V features: l = 1.3o, Bania’s Clump 2 (l = 3.2o), No (or little) star formation: • Galactic Center Bubble: 70 m: YSOs or externally heated?
Multiple SN, massive star winds, ionization
Feeds Sofue-Handa Lobe (~1 deg.) ? Fermi-LAT Bubble (> 20 deg.) ?• Star Formation in the CMZ: “Mini-starbursts” in Sgr B2 Asymmetry: Gas-dust at Positive longitude/velocity 24 m sources at Negative longitude 24 m sources: MYSOs, MS-stars - or - externally illuminated OH/IR, RSG, PNe, …• <SFR> 0.007 - 0.1 Mo/yr ? Variable?
![Page 61: 1 Center for Astrophysics and Space Astronomy (CASA) Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences (APS) University of Colorado, Boulder The Herschel](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022070408/56649c7c5503460f94931370/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)