1 california building energy codes & standards and utility programs ishtiaq a chisti energy...

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California Building EnergyCodes & Standards

and Utility Programs

Ishtiaq A ChistiEnergy Codes & Standards GroupCustomer Programs & Services/Customer ServiceSCE

September 24, 2015

2015 Association of Energy EngineersAnnual Conference

Downey, CA

AEE 2015 Annual Conference

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Today’s Agenda

1. Brief Overview of Codes & Standards2. Residential T-24 2016 Standards: Approved3. Water Appliances T-20 Standards: Approved 4. Non-residential T-24 2016 Standards: Mostly Approved

Lighting Alteration Provisions delayed or canceled4. Impacts on Utility EE Programs


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Standard Development Bodies

• California Energy Commission (CEC)– Appliance Efficiency Standards – Title 20

• No fixed rulemaking schedule

– Building Efficiency Standards – Title 24 Part 6• Roughly every 3 years

– CA Green Code (CalGreen) – Title 24 Part 11• Adopted by CA Building Standard Commission • Based on recommendation provided by CEC

• Federal Appliance Standards – DOE is required to update standards periodically – Pre-empt Title 20

• ASHRAE/International Energy Conservation Code– Model codes

– Influence Title 24 developmentAEE 2015 Annual Conference

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Why Utility Involvement in C&S?

• Improves utility EE portfolio– Focused program produces big results– Significant savings at low cost

• Good for customers– Efficiency for all customers

(not just incentive program participants)

• Good use of program dollars– Offsets loss of savings due to rising baselines– Locks in measures as they become mainstream


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• Adopted by the CEC: June 10, 2015 by a vote of five to zero (except NR Lighting Alterations)

• Final Approval by the California Building Standards Commission: Nov-Dec 2015

• Effective Date: January 1, 2017

• According to the CEC, Increased Efficiency from 2016 vs. 2013 Title 24: New buildings will save:

Res: 345 GWh/yr electricity consumption (28%)* Non-res: 192 GWh/yr electricity consumption (5%)

CO2e emissions reduced by 160,000 metric tons/yr Save 106.2 million gallons of water/year. Save over $4 billion with a cost of $1 billion over 30 years

2016 Title 24 for New Buildings

* 50,000 homes at 6,900 kWh/home


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2016 T-24 Highlights: Residential1. High Performance Attics (HPA)Roof deck insulation equivalent to R-13 insulation below deck and R-38 ceiling insulation. Insulation choices may include spray foam, batt, or blown-in, and SIP panels. Other options include:

R-6 continuous insulation with radiant barrier Hybrid roofing systems combining insulation and higher roof reflectance Ducts in conditioned space (DCS) Ducts in sealed or unvented attics

2. High Performance Walls (HPW)R19 cavity + R5 Continuous Insulation – U-Factor (Approx 0.051). Other options include:

2x4 @ 16” OC, R15 + R-8 CI (0.051) 2x6 @ 24” OC, R19 + R-5 CI (0.049) 2x6 @ 24” OC, R21 + R-4 CI (0.048) Staggered studs with batt insulation or spray foam Structurally Insulated Panels (SIPs)

3. Instantaneous (Tankless) Water Heaters – basis with Energy Factor of 0.82

4. High Efficacy Lighting & Controls in kitchens & throughout the house (essentially eliminates incandescent by mandating pin-based lamps and expanding types of spaces req controls)

Nos 1 & 2 may be traded in most climate zones by installing a solar PV system capped at 2 kW


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2016 T-24 Highlights: Non-ResidentialNonresidential Measures Mostly to Stay In-line With ASHRAE 90.1 National Standards:

* Controls and other measures related to Lighting Alterations/Retrofit was vociferously protested by certain labor/trade groups. CEC is holding further public review (Aug 12) and this section (Title 24, Part 6, Sections 141.0(b)2I, J, K, and L) will be folded into the current adoption without requiring a new rulemaking.


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• Streamlines & simplifies standard compared to 2013 standard

• Expected energy savings to the tune of 74 GWh/yr. Comparable to savings from high efficacy lighting in the residential new construction standards

2016 Title-24 Nonresidential Standards: Nonresidential Lighting Alternation Provisions - Draft/Not Approved to Date

The Statewide IOU EC&S & EE Incentive programs teams worked closely with the CEC to update the 2013 provisions

Lighting Alteration Provisions Comparison

Measure 2013 2016T-24 is triggered at what level of lighting modifications?

40 + greater than 10% of luminaires modified in a room

70 + greater than 2 luminaires modified in a room

When new control is installed, acceptance tests required at how many luminaires?

Code is ambiguous for lighting alterations and mod in place but manual requires acpt testing

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Luminaire replacement and modifications can comply by installing auto-shut-off controls and area switches and by reducing power at what percentage?

Not by installed power reduction but if alteration or modification results in power in space being < 85% of area category LPD

Alterations 35% or reduce LPD to < 85% of area category LPD

Mod in place 35% or LPD < area category LPD

Are daylighting controls and dimming controls required?

Yes if installed LPD > 85% of area category LPDNo if installed LPD < 85% of area category LPD

Lighting alterations Yes if installed LPD > 85% of area category LPDNo if installed LPD < 85% of area category LPD Modifications - No


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2016 Title-24 Standards: Nonresidential Lighting Alternation Provisions

The CEC withdrew its adoption of the provisions at its Business Meeting on August 12. Most likely due to fierce opposition from labor groups (IBEW, NECA, and LMCC)* lobbying through the Governor’s office.

*IBEW: International Brotherhood of Electrical WorkersNECA: National Electrical Contractors AssociationLMCC: Labor Management Cooperation Committee

Support• The IOUs, including SCE are generally supportive, although none provided any written comments• EcologyAction, who works closely with SCE EE Program folks expressed support• The city & county of San Francisco, Davis, & Stanford University expressed support• Also in support are numerous small lighting installersOppose• Besides Big Labor, LADWB and some lighting installers and consultants opposed the provisions• Several lighting manufacturers opposed the provisions but would support them if their suggested

changes are incorporated


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Title 20 Standards for Indoor Water AppliancesVery little opposition because of the Drought

Bathroom Faucets: 1.5 gallons per minute flow rate (effective Sep 1, 2015) 1.2 gallons per minute flow rate (effective Jul 1, 2016)

Shower Heads: 2.0 gallons per minute maximum flow rate (effective Jul 1, 2016) 1.8 gallons per minute maximum flow rate (effective Jul 1, 2018)

Adopted by the CEC: August 12, 2015 by a vote of five to zero

CEC: After a full turnover of shower head and faucet stocks by 2029, the regulations are expected to save 38 billion gallons of water, 20.2 billion cubic feet of natural gas and 1,322 gigawatt hours of electricity (including embedded energy)

Current rules, established in 1994 at the federal level, allow a maximum flow of 2.5 gallons per minute from a shower head.


Residentialx Cal Advanced Homes Program offers x Direct Install (Title-20 effect: 45 lm/W baseline) ♫ LED Quality Spec – easier to implement

(database to be maintained by CEC)

Non-Resx Parking lot lighting (generally doubled in stringency)x LPD Stringency

– Auditoriums– Libraries– Houses of Worship– Restaurants– Convention Centers– Museums– Banks

♫ Opportunity to incent Daylighting, Demand Response, and Dimming controls through 2019 (if Lighting Alteration provisions are approved as proposed)

Impacts on Portfolio Incentive Programs

♫: Opportunity X: Negative impact

11AEE 2015 Annual Conference

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Lynchpin of Future T-24 Standards: ZNE

Zero Net Energy: Residential by 2020 and Nonresidential by 2030Current Official Definition: “A ZNE Code Building is one where the net amount of energy produced by on-site renewable energy resources is equal to the value of the energy consumed annually by the building, at the level of a single ‘project’ seeking development entitlements and building code permits, measured using the CEC’s Time Dependent Valuation (TDV) metric. A ZNE Code Building meets an Energy Use Intensity value designated in the Building Energy Efficiency Standards by building type and climate zone that reflect best practices for highly efficient buildings.”

Governor Brown’s ZNE goals – focused on ZNE building code requirement by 2020 for newly constructed residential buildings – Get there in 3 code cycles (2013, 2016, 2019)!

Key element is TDV!Time Dependent Valuation (TDV)

1. Value of gas and electricity changes depending on the season and the time of day 2. 8,760 TDV multipliers for each hour of the year 3. Favors measures that save energy during high demand periods


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Energy Code Resources

CEC Site for More Info: http://www.energy.ca.gov/title24/2016standards/index.html


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Thank you for your time

DSM Steering Team Meeting


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Back-up Slides


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Area or Lighting Component 2013 Lighting Requirements 2016 Lighting RequirementsLow efficacy luminaires Allowed if has dimmer or vacancy sensor Not allowed

High efficacy luminaires Required for all lighting in Garages, Laundry Rooms, and Utility Rooms

Required everywhere. High efficacy allows JA8-2016 labelled screw base lamps

Kitchen lighting 50% of lighting wattage high efficacy + 50 watts for dwelling units <2,500 sf + 100 Watts for dwelling units > 2,500 sf

All high efficacy lighting - no specific requirements for cabinets

Cabinet lighting 20 watts per linear foot measured horizontally or vertically and vertically limited once per 40 inch section of cabinets

All high efficacy lighting - no specific requirement for cabinets

Blank electrical boxes above 5 feet In kitchens treated as 180 Watts of low efficacy lighting. Elsewhere not covered

All rooms, must have a dimmer or fan speed control

Bathroom lighting At least one high efficacy luminaire, any low efficacy lighting controlled by vacancy sensor

All high efficacy lighting - no specific efficacy requirement for bathrooms. Bathroom lighting at least one luminaire controlled by vacancy sensor

Recessed downlights Insulation contact, airtight, be sealed with gasket or caulk, ballasts able to be changed from below

Same requirements plus: no screw based sockets, comply with JA8-2016-E, comply with elevated temperature requirements.

2016 Changes to Title 24 Residential Lighting RequirementsThe residential lighting requirements in Title 24 are mandatory requirements and do not show up in the performance approach except as default values and thus is not able to be traded off. This has not changed in 2016.

The 2016 standards have been significantly simplified as there is no longer any calculation of lighting wattage, the requirements are simple -- all lighting has to be high efficacy and if the light source is LED or is a lamp with a base that was traditionally incandescent (Edison screw base, halogen GU-11 or GU-5.6 etc) then the lamp must comply with Joint Appendix JA8 labelled “JA8-2016” – this essentially requires a high quality, LED source. The requirement for JA8 lamps are complex but that is something the manufacturers will figure out similar to the complex requirements for ENERGY STAR®, the consumer and the building official only need look for the JA8-2016 label on the lamp.


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Area or Lighting Component 2013 Lighting Requirements 2016 Lighting RequirementsFluorescent ballasts > 13 W Electronic > 20 kHz frequency Same

Night lights < 5 Watts, not have to be controlled Same

Lighting in kitchen exhaust hoods Exempted Same

Screw base sockets in luminaires Treated as low efficacy Not allowed in recessed downlights, otherwise allowed if labelled "JA8-2016 or JA6-2016-E (elevated temp)

Enclosed luminaires No requirements Light sources marked JA8-2016-E

Vacancy sensors Required for all lighting in Garages, Laundry Rooms, and Utility Rooms

Control at least one luminaire in Garages, Laundry Rooms, and Utility Rooms, Plus Bathrooms

Forward phase cut dimmers No requirements Meet NEMA SSL 7AOutdoor lighting single family High efficacy or low efficacy plus: manual switch, time clock,

photosensing* and motion sensingHigh efficacy plus manual control plus timeclock and photocontrol or motion sensing and photocontrol.

Outdoor lighting low-rise multifamily Comply with residential outdoor lighting requirements or nonresidential outdoor lighting requirements

Same

Outdoor parking lots and carports > 8 vehicles Nonres outdoor lighting requirements Same

Residential garages > 8 vehicles Nonres parking garage requirements Same

Multifamily common areas < 20% of total area Lighting high efficacy OR controlled by occupant sensor Lighting high efficacy AND controlled by occupant sensor

Multifamily common areas > 20% of total area Nonres requirements plus bi-level occupancy control Same

*Astronomical timeclock replaces photosensing

2016 Changes to Title 24 Residential Lighting Requirements (continued)


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2016 Title-24 StandardsGENERAL HARDSCAPE1 LIGHTING POWER ALLOWANCE BY LIGHTING ZONE2

Type of Power Allowance

Lighting Zone 0 Lighting Zone 1 Lighting Zone 24 Lighting Zone 34 Lighting Zone 4

2013 2016 2013 2016 2013 2016 2013 2016Area Wattage Allowance (AWA) W/ft²

No allowance*3

0.035 0.020 0.045 0.030 0.090 0.040 0.115 0.050

0.25 0.15 0.45 0.25 0.60 0.35 0.85 0.45Linear Wattage Allowance (LWA) W/lf

340 340 510 450 770 520 1030 640Initial Wattage Allowance (IWA) W

1The general hardscape area of a site shall include parking lot(s), roadway(s), driveway(s), sidewalk(s), walkway(s), bikeway(s), plaza(s), bridge(s), tunnel(s), and other improved area(s) that are illuminated.

2LZ1 = Government designated parks, recreation areas, and wildlife preserves. Those that are wholly contained within a higher lighting zone may be considered by the local government as part of that lighting zone.LZ2 = Rural areas, as defined by the 2000 U.S. CensusLZ3 = Urban areas, as defined by the 2000 U.S. CensusLZ4 = high-activity commercial districts in major metropolitan areas

*3 Continuous lighting is explicitly prohibited in Lighting Zone 0. A single luminaire of 15 Watts or less may be installed at an entrance to a parking area, trail head, fee payment kiosk, outhouse, or toilet facility, as required to provide safe navigation of the site infrastructure. Luminaires installed in Lighting Zone 0 shall meet the maximum zonal lumen limits for Uplight and Glare specified in Table 130.2-A and 130.2-B.

4 For Lighting Zone 2 and 3, where greater than 50% of the paved surface of a parking lot is finished with concrete, the AWA for that area shall be 0.035 W/ft2 for Lighting Zone 2 and 0.040 W/ft2 for Lighting Zone 3, and the LWA for both lighting zones shall be 0.70 W/lf. This does not extend beyond the parking lot, and does not include any other General Hardscape areas.


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