1 bituminous street 2 general information 2 street inspector project orientation before mix comes...

11

Bituminous Street 2Bituminous Street 2

General InformationGeneral Information

22

Street Inspector Project Street Inspector Project OrientationOrientation

Before Mix Comes to the Project:Before Mix Comes to the Project:– Study the Project Special Provisions and Plans.Study the Project Special Provisions and Plans.

Familiarize yourself with:Familiarize yourself with:– Typical sections, different mixtures, widths, thicknesses, etc.Typical sections, different mixtures, widths, thicknesses, etc.

– Review and discuss the Project with your Supervisor:Review and discuss the Project with your Supervisor: Check areas that might require repair work.Check areas that might require repair work.

– If new grade, check for soft spots.If new grade, check for soft spots.

– Introduce yourself to the job superintendent:Introduce yourself to the job superintendent: Discuss plans and provisions.Discuss plans and provisions. Discuss any specific concerns or known problem areas.Discuss any specific concerns or known problem areas.

– Document or record any agreements made during discussions.Document or record any agreements made during discussions.

– Set up a communication system between Plant and Street.Set up a communication system between Plant and Street.

33

CommunicationCommunication

A successful project depends on good A successful project depends on good communication between the Contractor communication between the Contractor and the Inspector and their ability to and the Inspector and their ability to work together. work together. – The Inspector should immediately notify the The Inspector should immediately notify the

Contractor of any deficiencies observed on Contractor of any deficiencies observed on the project.the project.

– The Contractor and the Inspector should The Contractor and the Inspector should always keep an open line of communication always keep an open line of communication and a respectful working relationship. and a respectful working relationship.

44

Inspector ResponsibilitiesInspector ResponsibilitiesCan includeCan include

Sampling asphalt at the refinery, terminal or mix Sampling asphalt at the refinery, terminal or mix plant.plant.

Sampling hot-mix at the plant and behind the Sampling hot-mix at the plant and behind the paver.paver.

Testing asphalt and hot-mix.Testing asphalt and hot-mix. Investigating aggregate at source for compliance Investigating aggregate at source for compliance

with specification requirements.with specification requirements. Monitoring proportioning and mixing procedures Monitoring proportioning and mixing procedures

at the plant or project site.at the plant or project site.

55

Inspector Responsibilities (Cont.)Inspector Responsibilities (Cont.) Determining asphalt content and Determining asphalt content and

aggregate gradation in the plant.aggregate gradation in the plant. Determining and verifying mix properties Determining and verifying mix properties

for comparison with target properties of for comparison with target properties of the mix design.the mix design.

Determining that contractor’s equipment Determining that contractor’s equipment meets specification requirements.meets specification requirements.

66

Inspector Responsibilities (Cont.)Inspector Responsibilities (Cont.) Inspecting the handling, lay down, and Inspecting the handling, lay down, and

rolling operations at the jobsite.rolling operations at the jobsite. Determining thickness of compacted Determining thickness of compacted

mixture.mixture. Determining density and percent Determining density and percent

compaction of the finished pavement.compaction of the finished pavement. Marking of coring locationsMarking of coring locations Keeping accurate records. (Diaries and Keeping accurate records. (Diaries and

other project documentation)other project documentation)

77

Areas of Concern for the Areas of Concern for the Street InspectorStreet Inspector

Mixture DesignMixture Design Mixture DeliveryMixture Delivery Mixture Placement Mixture Placement Verification SamplingVerification Sampling Mixture CompactionMixture Compaction See MnDOT’s Inspector’s Job Guide for See MnDOT’s Inspector’s Job Guide for

Construction 2006Construction 2006 (pages 27-33) (pages 27-33)

88


Mixture DesignMixture Design

1.25o

Ram pressure600 kPa

Marshall

Gyratory

99

Mixture DesignMixture Design

Problems relating to Problems relating to mix design can affect mix design can affect the mix on the the mix on the roadway:roadway:

– StabilityStability

– WorkabilityWorkability

1010

Aggregates in Hot MixAggregates in Hot Mix

Key to Non-Rutting PavementsKey to Non-Rutting Pavements– Crushed Aggregate in both coarse and fineCrushed Aggregate in both coarse and fine– Adequate Void PropertiesAdequate Void Properties

1111


Mixture DeliveryMixture Delivery

1212

Mixture DeliveryMixture Delivery

Problems relating to mixture delivery that Problems relating to mixture delivery that can affect the mix on the roadway: can affect the mix on the roadway:

– SegregationSegregation

– Cold WeatherCold Weather

– Release AgentsRelease Agents

1313

Mix Deficiencies –Mix Deficiencies –Visual Indicators Visual Indicators

Blue Smoke (Excess moisture)Blue Smoke (Excess moisture) Stiffness (Cool Temperatures)Stiffness (Cool Temperatures) Bleeding (Excess AC and/or moisture)Bleeding (Excess AC and/or moisture) Lean, dull look (Too little AC content)Lean, dull look (Too little AC content) Segregation (Aggregates, Truck Segregation (Aggregates, Truck

loading)loading) Contamination (Aggregates, Contamination (Aggregates,

Equipment)Equipment)

1414

Areas of Concern for theAreas of Concern for the Street Inspector Street Inspector

Mixture PlacementMixture Placement

1515

Mixture PlacementMixture Placement

Street Inspector Responsibilities:Street Inspector Responsibilities:– Ensure each load of mix is ok.Ensure each load of mix is ok.

Weigh tickets are correct.Weigh tickets are correct.– Watch for deficiencies in the mat during placement Watch for deficiencies in the mat during placement

and make sure corrections are made if necessary.and make sure corrections are made if necessary.– Pay attention to details such as lift thickness, Pay attention to details such as lift thickness,

proper crown, properly constructed and matched proper crown, properly constructed and matched joints, and surface texture and uniformity.joints, and surface texture and uniformity.

– Monitor mix temperature.Monitor mix temperature.– Keep a street diary.Keep a street diary.

See additional information in MnDOT’s See additional information in MnDOT’s Inspector’s Job Guide for ConstructionInspector’s Job Guide for Construction

1616

Inspection of the MatInspection of the Mat

Mat Problems:Mat Problems:– Defects that occur in the asphalt mixture during or Defects that occur in the asphalt mixture during or

soon after the lay-down and compaction operations. soon after the lay-down and compaction operations. Two primary categories of mat problemsTwo primary categories of mat problems

– Equipment relatedEquipment related– Mixture relatedMixture related

See Page 195 of US Army Corps of Engineers See Page 195 of US Army Corps of Engineers “Hot-Mix Asphalt Paving Handbook”.“Hot-Mix Asphalt Paving Handbook”.

1717


SamplingSampling

– Quality Control (QC) Quality Control (QC) SamplesSamples

– Quality Assurance (QA) Quality Assurance (QA) SamplesSamples

– Verification SamplesVerification Samples QualityAssurance

ProcessControl

IndependentAssurance Acceptance

1818

Sampling MixtureSampling Mixture

1919

Sampling TonnageSampling Tonnage

Samples are to be taken at random locations.Samples are to be taken at random locations. Determine planned tonnage for mixture to be Determine planned tonnage for mixture to be

produced and divide by 1000. Round to next produced and divide by 1000. Round to next higher hole number.higher hole number.– EX: 3,500 EX: 3,500 (tons planned)(tons planned) /1000 = 3.5 = /1000 = 3.5 = 4 tests required4 tests required

Testing rate is accelerated at mixture start-up:Testing rate is accelerated at mixture start-up:– 1 test per 500 tons for first 2,000 tons1 test per 500 tons for first 2,000 tons

If the first random number of the day falls at less If the first random number of the day falls at less than 50 tons sample at 50 tons.than 50 tons sample at 50 tons.

2020

Sampling LocationSampling Location

Behind the paver sampling is still Behind the paver sampling is still considered the most representative considered the most representative sample location. However,….sample location. However,….– Alternate sampling locations are allowed Alternate sampling locations are allowed

when approved by the Engineer.when approved by the Engineer.Truck box sampling is identified as an alternate Truck box sampling is identified as an alternate

sampling location (procedure on web).sampling location (procedure on web).When an alternate sampling location is approved When an alternate sampling location is approved

and used the daily verification sample and used the daily verification sample must still be must still be taken from behind the pavertaken from behind the paver..

2121

Quality Control (QC) SamplesQuality Control (QC) Samples

Sample location determined by contractor Sample location determined by contractor (Use ‘random’ numbers)(Use ‘random’ numbers)

Sample taken and tested by contractorSample taken and tested by contractor Split in half – test one half and mark and Split in half – test one half and mark and

save other half for 7 working dayssave other half for 7 working days Sampling frequency – 1 per 500 ton for the Sampling frequency – 1 per 500 ton for the

first 2000 tons, then 1 per 1000 ton. first 2000 tons, then 1 per 1000 ton. (Materials Control Schedule-minimum)(Materials Control Schedule-minimum)

2222

Quality Assurance (QA) Quality Assurance (QA) SamplesSamples

The half of the Quality Control sample that The half of the Quality Control sample that is saved for 7 working daysis saved for 7 working days

Also may be referred to as the ‘QC split’ Also may be referred to as the ‘QC split’ samplesample

Sampling frequency – same as the QC Sampling frequency – same as the QC samplesample

Tested only when situation dictatesTested only when situation dictates

2323

Verification SamplesVerification Samples

Sampled by Agency or witnessed by Sampled by Agency or witnessed by agency if obtained by othersagency if obtained by others

Tested by Agency or Agency Tested by Agency or Agency representativerepresentative

One half of sample given to Contractor One half of sample given to Contractor and must be tested by Contractorand must be tested by Contractor

Frequency – one per day per mix type (If Frequency – one per day per mix type (If more than one project – sample each more than one project – sample each project)project)

2424

Verification Samples (Cont.)Verification Samples (Cont.)

Transport to testing lab ASAPTransport to testing lab ASAP Agency’s results to be available within 2 Agency’s results to be available within 2

working days from time of deliveryworking days from time of delivery Record test results on the Test Summary Record test results on the Test Summary

SheetSheet Compare results for allowable tolerancesCompare results for allowable tolerances If tolerances are not met take appropriate If tolerances are not met take appropriate

actionaction

Rev.3/07/03 1

Project #'s

Location

SPEC. YEAR "2003"2004 Cont'r Agency Cont'r Agency Cont'r Agency Cont'r Agency

ACsg 1.032 Test# 301 302 303 304

Date/Day:

MDR #

3/4 in. min. max. 100 100 100 100 100Mov Avg. 100 100 100

1/2 in. 93 90 93 90 94Mov Avg. 85 97 92

3/8 in. 86 84 85 79 86Mov Avg. 72 86 84

#4 74 73 74 68 62Mov Avg. 52 66 69

#8 67 66 66 61 54Mov Avg. 45 57 62

# 16 58 58 57 54 47# 30 47 46 45 43 36# 50 37 38 37 35 28# 100 10 11 10 10 11#200 4.7 3.0 2.9 4.5 4.0

Mov Avg. 2.4 6.4 4.1Individual 5.9 6.0 5.9 6.2 6.0

Design = 5.9 Mov. Avg. 6.0Individual 2.455 2.464 2.465 2.443 2.464Mov. Avg. 2.457

50 2.282 2.310 2.343 2.385 2.364-

-

Isolated 7.0 6.3 4.9 2.4 4.1Individual 7.1 6.0 Tolerance 2.9 3.8

Design = 3.5 Mov. Avg. 5.0Individual 17.1 16.3 15.0 13.7 14.2

Design = 14.0 Mov. Avg. Tolerance 15.31.0 0.7 0.6 0.9 0.9

CAA - 1 55 80 75% CAA - 2 -

Crushing FAA 40 42 41245 800 800 655 1455 420 1875 3202195 245 2195 800 2195 1455 2195 2195

*NOTES*IndiviualFailures

ToleranceNote

Source # Agg. SpG. % of mix Agg. SpG. % of mix Agg. SpG. % of mix Agg. SpG. % of mix1 2.585 85 2.585 80 2.585 80 2.585 802 2.603 10 2.603 10 2.603 15 2.603 153 2.652 5 2.652 10 2.652 5 2.652 54567

Purposes

Gmm - Max.SpG

MVNW35035Mix Designation

% Asphalt Content

( Rice Test )

Mix Aggregate Bulk SpG.( Gsb ) = 2.590

Sieve Results

16 - 30 - 50 - 100

For Information

Gmb - Marshall

2004-021

JULY 2, DAY 1JULY 2, DAY 1 JULY 2, DAY 1 JULY 2, DAY 1

2004-021

AXEL PIT 1/2" ROCKAXEL PIT 3/4" ROCKAXEL PIT 1/2' SANDAggregate Source

adjustment at the

Sample Ton Number / Tons Represented

Daily Project Total / Cummulative Tons

Quality

increase 3/4" rock 5%inc. 1/2" rock 5%

Control plant settings as

Mix Moisture Content

Fines / Effective Asphalt Content

% Air Voids

% VMA

Actions dec 1/2" sand 5%listed on MDR

2.593

2004-021

2.5912.591

increase ac .1%

decrease 1/2"rock 5%

decrease AC .2%

submitted JMF

end of the day

increase AC .3%

- 4 Aggregate Bulk SpG.(Gsb) =

2004-021

Traffic Level MV NW/WESP 88-601-01Bedrock to West Cty line, Slate Paving Co.

2.587 2.588 2.587 2.587

Incinerator Oven Correction # =

TEST SUMMARY SHEET - MARSHALL DESIGN

2626


Mixture CompactionMixture Compaction

2727

Purpose of CompactionPurpose of Compaction

Increases StabilityIncreases Stability

Reduces Air VoidsReduces Air Voids

Increases DensityIncreases Density

Smoothes the Smoothes the SurfaceSurface

2828

CompactionCompaction

Specification 2360 requires all pavements Specification 2360 requires all pavements be compacted with Maximum Density be compacted with Maximum Density Method unless otherwise specified in the Method unless otherwise specified in the contract or as noted in Specification contract or as noted in Specification Section 2360.6C.Section 2360.6C.

Section 2360.6C discusses Ordinary Section 2360.6C discusses Ordinary Compaction.Compaction.

2929

Maximum DensityMaximum Density

Density cores to be taken by the end of Density cores to be taken by the end of the next working day after placement and the next working day after placement and compaction.compaction.

Core holes are to be refilled and Core holes are to be refilled and compacted with HMA within 24 hours of compacted with HMA within 24 hours of coring.coring.– $100 penalty per working day per lot for core $100 penalty per working day per lot for core

holes not filled.holes not filled.

Page 38Page 38

3030

Ordinary Compaction Ordinary Compaction (2360.6C)(2360.6C)

By Specification, used for:By Specification, used for:– Minimum planned paving thickness is less Minimum planned paving thickness is less

than 1.5 inches.than 1.5 inches.– Thin lift levelingThin lift leveling– DrivewaysDriveways– Areas which cannot be compacted with Areas which cannot be compacted with

standard highway equipment.standard highway equipment. Or can be specified in Special Provisions Or can be specified in Special Provisions

as density acceptance method.as density acceptance method.

3131

Ordinary CompactionOrdinary Compaction

No cores are cut.No cores are cut. Must use a control strip (growth curve) to Must use a control strip (growth curve) to

establish rolling pattern.establish rolling pattern.– Two test points are established and the density at Two test points are established and the density at

each point is measured by a portable nuclear gauge each point is measured by a portable nuclear gauge or approved alternate after each roller pass, take and or approved alternate after each roller pass, take and average 2 readings (180 degrees apart) at each average 2 readings (180 degrees apart) at each location. Typically, rolling is suspended when testing location. Typically, rolling is suspended when testing shows a decline in density with each additional roller shows a decline in density with each additional roller pass.pass.

3232

Growth Curve ToolsGrowth Curve Tools

3333

CoringCoring

3434

Coring LocationsCoring Locations

Inspector determines and marks coring Inspector determines and marks coring locations on a random basis. locations on a random basis. – The inspector can estimate the days/nights The inspector can estimate the days/nights

total paving quantity towards the end of the total paving quantity towards the end of the shift (use plant production rates, typical day shift (use plant production rates, typical day info, contractor targets, etc.) and mark the info, contractor targets, etc.) and mark the cores under the protection of the paving traffic cores under the protection of the paving traffic control.control.

Page 37Page 37

3535

LOT DETERMINATIONLOT DETERMINATION

Daily tonnage (See Summary Sheet)Daily tonnage (See Summary Sheet) Table 2360.6-B2a of the Specifications Table 2360.6-B2a of the Specifications Use Random NumbersUse Random Numbers Three cores per lot (Two different Three cores per lot (Two different

locations and one ‘companion core’ for the locations and one ‘companion core’ for the agency)agency)

Page 37Page 37

Rev.3/07/03 2

Project #'s

Location


ACsg 1.032 Test# 305 306 307 308

Date/Day:

MDR #

Mix Aggregate Bulk SpG.( Gsb ) =

3/4 in. 100 100 100 100Mov Avg. 100 100 100 100 100 100

1/2 in. 94 98 91 88Mov Avg. 85 99 92 94 94 93

3/8 in. 85 84 83 80Mov Avg. 76 90 84 84 85 83

#4 70 67 66 64Mov Avg. 58 72 68 67 66 67

#8 61 60 59 57Mov Avg. 52 64 61 59 59 59

# 16 54 53 52 53# 30 44 42 40 41# 50 35 31 30 31# 100 13 11 14 13#200 3.3 4.0 4.0 4.5

Mov Avg. 2.4 6.4 3.7 4.0 3.8 4.0Individual 5.8 6.2 5.9 6.1

Design = 5.9 Mov. Avg. 6.0 6.1 6.0 6.0Individual 2.455 2.470 2.452 2.462Mov. Avg. 2.457 2.458 2.460 2.460

50 2.394 2.382 2.384 2.381-

-

Isolated 2.5 3.6 2.8 3.3Individual 2.6 3.1 3.1 3.2

Design = 3.5 Mov. Avg. 3.8 3.1 3.2 3.0Individual 13.0 13.7 13.5 13.8

Design = 14.0 Mov. Avg. 14.3 13.7 13.6 13.50.7 0.9 0.9 1.0

CAA - 1 79% CAA - 2

Crushing FAA 43310 1410 1410 875 2285 815 3100 8053905 2505 3905 3605 3905 4420 3905 6100


ToleranceNote


SP 88-601-01Bedrock to West Cty line, Slate Paving Co.

% Asphalt Content

JULY 3, DAY 2JULY 3, DAY 2

2.591

Gmb - Marshall

( Rice Test )


Quality

2.587

AXEL PIT 1/2' SANDAXEL PIT 3/4" ROCKAXEL PIT 1/2" ROCK

rec'd new MDR #

inc'd AC . 1%

Actions

Control


% Air Voids

% VMA


JULY 3, DAY 2

dec'd 3/4 rock 5 % dec'd 1/2" sand 5%

2004-031

Sieve Results

Incinerator Oven Correction # =2.593

inc'd 1/2" sand 5%

16 - 30 - 50 - 100


Gmm - Max.SpG

- 4 Aggregate Bulk SpG.( Gsb ) =

JULY 3, DAY 2

2004-031

2.587 2.588 2.588

2004-031

2.5932.590

2004-031

Aggregate Source

Traffic Level MV NW/WEMix Designation MVNW35035

For Information

Purposes

inc'd 1/2" rock 5%


3737

Random NumbersRandom Numbers

From Random Number TableFrom Random Number Table

0.740.74 0.600.60 0.010.01 0.270.27

If 4 lots are each 2500 ft:If 4 lots are each 2500 ft:

Lot #1: 2500 x 0.74 = 1850 ft.Lot #1: 2500 x 0.74 = 1850 ft.

Lot #2: 2500 x 0.60 = 1500 + 2500 = 4000 ft.Lot #2: 2500 x 0.60 = 1500 + 2500 = 4000 ft.

Lot #3: 2500 x 0.01 = 25 + 5000 = 5025 ft.Lot #3: 2500 x 0.01 = 25 + 5000 = 5025 ft.

Lot #4: 2500 x 0.27 = 675 + 7500 = 8175 ft.Lot #4: 2500 x 0.27 = 675 + 7500 = 8175 ft.

3838

Random number location andRandom number location and actual coring location ????? actual coring location ?????

3939

Core TestingCore Testing (2360.6B3)(2360.6B3)

The Contractor shall schedule the The Contractor shall schedule the approximate time of core testing during approximate time of core testing during normal project work hours so the Inspector normal project work hours so the Inspector may observe and record the saturated may observe and record the saturated surface dry (SSD) weight and the surface dry (SSD) weight and the immersed weight of the cores.immersed weight of the cores.

Page 38Page 38

4040

Black - GoldBlack - Gold

Bituminous Bituminous CoresCores

Will it Fit ! Will it Fit ! *#*”*#*”

Transporting Cores

Easier & No Core Easier & No Core DamageDamage

Transporting Cores

4343

Testing Testing CoresCores

4444

(SSD) Saturated Surface Dry (SSD) Saturated Surface Dry

Wrong Wrong Little Over BoardLittle Over Board(LOB)(LOB)

CorrectCorrect(SSD)(SSD)

This will effect DensityThis will effect Density

4545

Is the Moisture Gone ? Is the Moisture Gone ? Not SureNot Sure

Weigh and record weight of coresWeigh and record weight of cores

Continue drying for another 15 minutesContinue drying for another 15 minutes

Reweigh & record any weight lossReweigh & record any weight loss

And continue drying for another 15 minutesAnd continue drying for another 15 minutes

Repeat until no more weight loss….Repeat until no more weight loss….

Oven Drying Cores (After)Oven Drying Cores (After)

Completely DryCompletely Dry

4747

Density Lots Density Lots (2360.6B2)(2360.6B2)

A narrow shoulder (A narrow shoulder (<<6 ft. wide) that is 6 ft. wide) that is paved in the same pass as a driving lane paved in the same pass as a driving lane or separately will normally be compacted or separately will normally be compacted by the Ordinary compaction method. by the Ordinary compaction method. – Mixture compacted under Ordinary Mixture compacted under Ordinary

compaction is excluded from lot density compaction is excluded from lot density requirements and that tonnage is also requirements and that tonnage is also excluded from incentive/disincentive payment.excluded from incentive/disincentive payment.

Page 37Page 37

4848

Joint Density RequirementsJoint Density Requirements (2360.6B2a)(2360.6B2a)

If the random number falls on an unsupported If the random number falls on an unsupported (unconfined) joint cut the core with the outer edge of the (unconfined) joint cut the core with the outer edge of the core barrel 1 foot away from the edge of the top of the core barrel 1 foot away from the edge of the top of the mat (center of 4” core barrel 1 foot 2 inches away from mat (center of 4” core barrel 1 foot 2 inches away from edge).edge).

If the random number falls on a confined joint cut the If the random number falls on a confined joint cut the core with the outer edge of the core barrel 6 inches core with the outer edge of the core barrel 6 inches ++ 0.5 0.5 inch away from the edge of the top of the mat (center of inch away from the edge of the top of the mat (center of 4” core barrel 8 4” core barrel 8 ++ 0.5 inch away from the edge of the top 0.5 inch away from the edge of the top of the mat.of the mat.

Page 38Page 38

4949

Reduced Density Provision Reduced Density Provision (2360.6B5)(2360.6B5)

Minimum density is reduced by one percent for the Minimum density is reduced by one percent for the first lift constructed on aggregate base, reclaimed first lift constructed on aggregate base, reclaimed or cold inplace recycled base course and first lift on or cold inplace recycled base course and first lift on a roadway with a 7 ton or less spring load a roadway with a 7 ton or less spring load restriction and first lift on PCC pavements.restriction and first lift on PCC pavements.

– Incentives are excluded when density is reducedIncentives are excluded when density is reduced..

– The Contractor can request that reduced density be The Contractor can request that reduced density be waived, except on concrete. The request and approval waived, except on concrete. The request and approval shall be made after the first days paving and before the shall be made after the first days paving and before the third days paving begins.third days paving begins.

Page 39Page 39

5050

DENSITYDENSITY

What is the required density?What is the required density?– What does the requirement mean?What does the requirement mean?

What values are needed?What values are needed?– Where do the numbers come from?Where do the numbers come from?

What is the calculation?What is the calculation?

5151

Required DensityRequired Density

Section 10 – Page 37 of SpecificationsSection 10 – Page 37 of Specifications– Dependent on Mixture TypeDependent on Mixture Type

– Dependent on Mixture Location (SP mixes Dependent on Mixture Location (SP mixes only)only)

– Dependent on Design Air Voids Dependent on Design Air Voids (Shoulders)(Shoulders)

Reduced Density ProvisionReduced Density Provision

5252

DENSITY (CONT.)DENSITY (CONT.) Required % is the % of Maximum DensityRequired % is the % of Maximum Density

– 1) Value needed: The average Bulk Specific 1) Value needed: The average Bulk Specific Gravity of the 2 cores from the lotGravity of the 2 cores from the lot

– 2) Value needed: The 2) Value needed: The daysdays average of all average of all Maximum Specific Gravity testsMaximum Specific Gravity tests

Number 1 is from the core worksheetNumber 1 is from the core worksheet

Number 2 is from the Test Summary SheetNumber 2 is from the Test Summary Sheet

Rev.3/07/03 2

Project #'s

Location


ACsg 1.032 Test# 305 306 307 308

Date/Day:

MDR #

Mix Aggregate Bulk SpG.( Gsb ) =

3/4 in. 100 100 100 100Mov Avg. 100 100 100 100 100 100

1/2 in. 94 98 91 88Mov Avg. 85 99 92 94 94 93

3/8 in. 85 84 83 80Mov Avg. 76 90 84 84 85 83

#4 70 67 66 64Mov Avg. 58 72 68 67 66 67

#8 61 60 59 57Mov Avg. 52 64 61 59 59 59

# 16 54 53 52 53# 30 44 42 40 41# 50 35 31 30 31# 100 13 11 14 13#200 3.3 4.0 4.0 4.5

Mov Avg. 2.4 6.4 3.7 4.0 3.8 4.0Individual 5.8 6.2 5.9 6.1

Design = 5.9 Mov. Avg. 6.0 6.1 6.0 6.0Individual 2.455 2.470 2.452 2.462Mov. Avg. 2.457 2.458 2.460 2.460

50 2.394 2.382 2.384 2.381-

-

Isolated 2.5 3.6 2.8 3.3Individual 2.6 3.1 3.1 3.2

Design = 3.5 Mov. Avg. 3.8 3.1 3.2 3.0Individual 13.0 13.7 13.5 13.8

Design = 14.0 Mov. Avg. 14.3 13.7 13.6 13.50.7 0.9 0.9 1.0

CAA - 1 79% CAA - 2

Crushing FAA 43310 1410 1410 875 2285 815 3100 8053905 2505 3905 3605 3905 4420 3905 6100


ToleranceNote


SP 88-601-01Bedrock to West Cty line, Slate Paving Co.

% Asphalt Content

JULY 3, DAY 2JULY 3, DAY 2

2.591

Gmb - Marshall

( Rice Test )


Quality

2.587

AXEL PIT 1/2' SANDAXEL PIT 3/4" ROCKAXEL PIT 1/2" ROCK

rec'd new MDR #

inc'd AC . 1%

Actions

Control


% Air Voids

% VMA


JULY 3, DAY 2

dec'd 3/4 rock 5 % dec'd 1/2" sand 5%

2004-031

Sieve Results

Incinerator Oven Correction # =2.593

inc'd 1/2" sand 5%

16 - 30 - 50 - 100


Gmm - Max.SpG

- 4 Aggregate Bulk SpG.( Gsb ) =

JULY 3, DAY 2

2004-031

2.587 2.588 2.588

2004-031

2.5932.590

2004-031

Aggregate Source

Traffic Level MV NW/WEMix Designation MVNW35035

For Information

Purposes

inc'd 1/2" rock 5%


5454

DENSITY CALCULATIONDENSITY CALCULATION Average the Bulk Specific Gravity of the Average the Bulk Specific Gravity of the

2 cores from the lot.2 cores from the lot.

Divide this by the days average Divide this by the days average Maximum Specific GravityMaximum Specific Gravity

Multiply by 100Multiply by 100

Report Density to the tenth (one Report Density to the tenth (one decimal place)decimal place)

5555

(2360) (2360) PLANT MIXED ASPHALT PAVEMENTPLANT MIXED ASPHALT PAVEMENT

Combined 2360/2350 (Gyratory/Marshall Design) SpecificationCombined 2360/2350 (Gyratory/Marshall Design) Specification

Density Incentive ModificationDensity Incentive Modification– Incentive for density allowed when the “Incentive for density allowed when the “day’s day’s

weighted averageweighted average production air voids are production air voids are less than 0.5% from the target air void”. Used less than 0.5% from the target air void”. Used to be based on individual air void for that lot.to be based on individual air void for that lot.

Page 39Page 39

TOTAL TONS PAVED FOR THE DAY = _______________ TEST NO. TONS REP. AIR VOID WTD. AVE. AIR VOID*

305 __________ ________ _______________ 306 __________ ________ _______________ 307 __________ ________ _______________ 308 __________ ________ _______________ TOTALS: __________ ___NA__ _______________

(Min. Req. = 3.0)

*(Tons Represented ÷ Total Tons) X Individual Air Void

TOTAL TONS PAVED FOR THE DAY = _______3905________ TEST NO. TONS REP. AIR VOID WTD. AVE. AIR VOID*

305 _1410__ __2.6____ ____0.94_______ 306 _ 875___ __3.1____ ____0.69_______ 307 _ 815___ __3.1____ ____0.65______ 308 _ 805___ __3.2____ ____0.66______ TOTALS: _3905___ ___NA__ ______2.9______

(Min. Req. = 3.0)

No Incentive!!

Previous – Tonnage from Test #’s 306, 307, and 308 would have been eligible for incentive.


TOTAL TONS PAVED FOR THE DAY = _______________ TEST NO. TONS REP. AIR VOID WTD. AVE. AIR VOID*

305 1410 3.4 _______________ 306 875 2.9 _______________ 307 815 2.7 _______________ 308 805 2.8 _______________ TOTALS: 3905 ___NA__ _______________

(Min. Req. = 3.0) *(Tons Represented ÷ Total Tons) X Individual Air Void

TOTAL TONS PAVED FOR THE DAY = ____3905_____ TEST NO. TONS REP. AIR VOID WTD. AVE. AIR VOID*

305 1410 3.4 _____1.23______ 306 875 2.9 _____0.65______ 307 815 2.7 _____0.56______ 308 805 2.8 _____0.58______ TOTALS: 3905 ___NA__ _____ 3.0______

(Min. Req. = 3.0)

All tonnage eligible for incentive!

Previous – Tonnage from Test #’s 306, 307, and 308 would not have been eligible for incentive.


6060

2006 Bituminous Specification2006 Bituminous Specification

2005 Spec Book not printed yet.2005 Spec Book not printed yet. Must insert 2006 Spec by special Must insert 2006 Spec by special

provision.provision.– Combined 2360/2350 (Gyratory/Marshall Combined 2360/2350 (Gyratory/Marshall

Design) SpecificationDesign) Specification– www.mrr.dot.state.mn.us/pavement/bituminous/bituminous.aspwww.mrr.dot.state.mn.us/pavement/bituminous/bituminous.asp

2005 Book will contain only 2360 2005 Book will contain only 2360 CombinedCombined

6161

Specification ChangesSpecification Changes

Clarification of Standard vs. Specialty asphalt Clarification of Standard vs. Specialty asphalt binder grades.binder grades.

Removed Wear vs. Non-Wear differentiation Removed Wear vs. Non-Wear differentiation based on measured position in pavement based on measured position in pavement structure. structure.

Aggregate requirement for flat and elongatedAggregate requirement for flat and elongated Mixture acceptance requirements when total Mixture acceptance requirements when total

production is less than 4 tests.production is less than 4 tests. Use of IRI for ride evaluation and acceptance.Use of IRI for ride evaluation and acceptance.

6262

Asphalt Binder GradesAsphalt Binder Grades

Standard GradesStandard Grades– B = PG 58‑28B = PG 58‑28– C = PG 58‑34C = PG 58‑34– E = PG 64‑28E = PG 64‑28– F = PG 64‑34 F = PG 64‑34 – L = PG 64‑22L = PG 64‑22

Specialty GradesSpecialty Grades– A = PG 52‑34A = PG 52‑34 – D = PG 58‑40D = PG 58‑40 – G = PG 64‑40G = PG 64‑40 – H = PG 70‑28H = PG 70‑28 – I = PG 70‑34I = PG 70‑34

6363

Aggregate RequirementsAggregate Requirements

Flat AND Elongated (gyratory mix design Flat AND Elongated (gyratory mix design only) 10% max at 5:1 ratio.only) 10% max at 5:1 ratio.

6464

Mixture Acceptance Mixture Acceptance

When total project tonnage requires less When total project tonnage requires less than 4 tests:than 4 tests:– Use start-up requirements for acceptance Use start-up requirements for acceptance

when total production is less than 4 tests.when total production is less than 4 tests.

6565

Pavement SmoothnessPavement Smoothness

IRI will replace Profile Index on all IRI will replace Profile Index on all bituminous projects in 2006.bituminous projects in 2006.– PI Table A (3-lift), B (2-lift), C (1-lift) will be PI Table A (3-lift), B (2-lift), C (1-lift) will be

replaced with IRI Equation A (3-lift), B (2-lift), replaced with IRI Equation A (3-lift), B (2-lift), C (1-lift). C (1-lift).

– Percent Improvement will also be available Percent Improvement will also be available for single lift construction.for single lift construction.

6666

2360 specification items2360 specification items

Unless otherwise authorized by the Engineer, all Unless otherwise authorized by the Engineer, all smoothness testing shall be performed in the smoothness testing shall be performed in the presence of the Engineer.presence of the Engineer.

The Engineer and the Contractor shall mutually The Engineer and the Contractor shall mutually agree upon scheduling of smoothness testing so agree upon scheduling of smoothness testing so that testing can be observed.that testing can be observed.

Page 43Page 43

6767

What’s Happening in Minnesota???What’s Happening in Minnesota???

IRI (International Roughness Index)IRI (International Roughness Index)

SMA – Stone Matrix AsphaltSMA – Stone Matrix Asphalt

Asphalt Film Thickness (AFT)Asphalt Film Thickness (AFT)

6868

Quarter car simulation used Quarter car simulation used for IRIfor IRI

Source: Sayers and Karamihas 1998

6969

Ranges of IRI by different classes of Ranges of IRI by different classes of roadroad

Source: Sayers and Karamihas 1998

7070

SMA UpdateSMA Update

1 Project in 20051 Project in 2005– I-35 at Black bear CasinoI-35 at Black bear Casino

Approximately 3,000 tons placed on Approximately 3,000 tons placed on northbound lanes.northbound lanes.

7171

How is SMA Different?How is SMA Different?

GradationGradation Asphalt ContentAsphalt Content Dust ContentDust Content Stabilizing AdditivesStabilizing Additives

7272

Northbound I-35Northbound I-35

7373

Cellulose FibersCellulose Fibers

7575

Mineral FillerMineral Filler

7676

Applications for SMAApplications for SMA

High Traffic Volume Premium Surface MixtureHigh Traffic Volume Premium Surface Mixture– Ensure stone-on-stone contactEnsure stone-on-stone contact– Increase film thickness masticIncrease film thickness mastic

Working together to provide long term pavement durabilityWorking together to provide long term pavement durability

IntersectionsIntersections Round-aboutsRound-abouts Container facilitiesContainer facilities

7777

SMA Overlays of PCCSMA Overlays of PCC

High film thickness and gap graded High film thickness and gap graded structure helps to retard reflective structure helps to retard reflective cracking.cracking.

Polymer-modified binders add additional Polymer-modified binders add additional elasticityelasticity

High film thickness reduces raveling when High film thickness reduces raveling when reflective cracks occur.reflective cracks occur.

7878

Pilot SMA SpecificationPilot SMA Specification Use of a mineral filler.Use of a mineral filler. Require Require use of asphalt stabilizer (fibers). use of asphalt stabilizer (fibers). 100 design gyrations, 16% VMA, 4% voids.100 design gyrations, 16% VMA, 4% voids. Minimum asphalt set by combined aggregate Minimum asphalt set by combined aggregate

specific gravity.specific gravity. Minimum asphalt grade, PG 70-28Minimum asphalt grade, PG 70-28 Require bulking of cores by Corelok method. Require bulking of cores by Corelok method. Test strip required.Test strip required. Minimum mat density, 94.0% of Gmm.Minimum mat density, 94.0% of Gmm.

8383

Typical HMA Plant Mixing Typical HMA Plant Mixing TemperaturesTemperatures

PG 58-28PG 58-28– 260 to 310 F260 to 310 F

PG 58-34PG 58-34– 260 to 310 F260 to 310 F

PG 64-28PG 64-28– 265 to 320 F265 to 320 F

PG 64-34PG 64-34– 265 to 320 F265 to 320 F

PG 70-28PG 70-28– 275 to 325 F275 to 325 F

8484

Mixing TempsMixing Temps

Supplier should provide Contractor with Supplier should provide Contractor with optimal mixing temperatures.optimal mixing temperatures.– Supplier had provided SMA producer on I-Supplier had provided SMA producer on I-

35 with the mixing temperatures, but, ….35 with the mixing temperatures, but, …. Generally speaking, mixing Generally speaking, mixing

temperatures above 325F are rare.temperatures above 325F are rare.– But, this is determined between Supplier But, this is determined between Supplier

and Contractor. and Contractor. – However, if you are aware of Contractor However, if you are aware of Contractor

mixing above 325F, contact Bituminous mixing above 325F, contact Bituminous Office or Chem Lab immediately.Office or Chem Lab immediately.

8585

High Mixing TemperaturesHigh Mixing Temperatures New Materials-Old New Materials-Old

TechnologyTechnology Brookfield Viscosity- Brookfield Viscosity-

UnmodifiedUnmodified– Measure polymer Measure polymer

propertiesproperties– Low shear rateLow shear rate

DSR- Polymer-ModifiedDSR- Polymer-Modified– Measure Binder propertiesMeasure Binder properties

Supplier Supplier RecommendationRecommendation– Proper techniqueProper technique– Field ExperienceField Experience

Brookfield Viscosity

300325350375400425450475500525550575600625650675700

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

110

120

Shear Rate (RPM)

Visc

osity

(CPS

)

64-34

64-22

8686

Asphalt Film Thickness Asphalt Film Thickness SpecificationSpecification

Minimum VMA vs. AFTMinimum VMA vs. AFT– Both methods promote asphalt coating to provide Both methods promote asphalt coating to provide

pavement durability.pavement durability.

VMA – Voids in Mineral AggregateVMA – Voids in Mineral Aggregate– VMA =Unabsorbed asphalt + Air VoidsVMA =Unabsorbed asphalt + Air Voids

AFT – Asphalt Film ThicknessAFT – Asphalt Film Thickness– Calculate actual asphalt film thickness on aggregateCalculate actual asphalt film thickness on aggregate

8787

InadequateInadequate

Asphalt Film Thickness (AFT) Asphalt Film Thickness (AFT) oror

Effective AC Volume (V Effective AC Volume (Vbebe))

May Result inMay Result in

“Stripping” or Raveling“Stripping” or Raveling

8888

Stripping on TH Stripping on TH 1212

8989


9090


9191

More More Stripping on Stripping on

TH 101TH 101

9292


9393


9494

Stripping on TH 55Stripping on TH 55

9595


9696

More Stripping More Stripping on TH 7on TH 7

9797

Raveling on TH 12Raveling on TH 12

9898

More Raveling on TH 12More Raveling on TH 12

9999

Raveling on Schmidt Lake Raveling on Schmidt Lake RoadRoad

100100

Raveling on TH 21Raveling on TH 21

101101

More Raveling on TH 21More Raveling on TH 21

102102

ExcessiveExcessive

Asphalt Film Thickness (AFT) Asphalt Film Thickness (AFT) May Result inMay Result in

RuttingRutting

103103

Rutting on TH 41Rutting on TH 41

104104

Rutting on TH 41Rutting on TH 41

105105

Rutting on TH Rutting on TH 494494

Edge of Bridge Shadow

106106

Asphalt Film Thickness Asphalt Film Thickness (AFT)(AFT)

is simply the:is simply the:

Effective AC Volume (VEffective AC Volume (Vbebe))

Divided by theDivided by the

Aggregate Surface Area (SA)Aggregate Surface Area (SA)

107107

Asphalt Film ThicknessAsphalt Film Thickness

2005 Projects2005 Projects– District 3:District 3: TH 94TH 94– District 6:District 6: TH 218TH 218– District 8:District 8: TH 9TH 9– Metro:Metro: TH 25TH 25

2004 Project2004 Project– District 2:District 2: TH 11TH 11

108108

AFT for 2006AFT for 2006

Continue AFT Pilots in each of the Continue AFT Pilots in each of the Districts.Districts.

Development of the “next phase” AFT.Development of the “next phase” AFT.– No tie to VMA.No tie to VMA.– Pay tied to individual and moving average Pay tied to individual and moving average

AFT.AFT.– Broadband gradation requirements.Broadband gradation requirements.

109109

For Your InformationFor Your Information

Bridge Clearance ReportBridge Clearance Report

Portable Concrete Barrier ChangePortable Concrete Barrier Change

ATSSA Foundation MemorialATSSA Foundation Memorial and and Scholarship programScholarship program

110110

Bridge Clearance ReportBridge Clearance Report

Needs to be filled out any time Needs to be filled out any time resurfacing is done under a bridge.resurfacing is done under a bridge.

Temporary changes during stage Temporary changes during stage construction also need to be reported. construction also need to be reported. This may include temporary lanes under This may include temporary lanes under bridges, temporary widening of bridges, bridges, temporary widening of bridges, or when parts of forms or false-work on or when parts of forms or false-work on bridge construction hang beneath the bridge construction hang beneath the beam flanges.beam flanges.

111111

Bridge Clearance Report Bridge Clearance Report (Cont.)(Cont.)

Information needed for permit routing of Information needed for permit routing of oversized loads.oversized loads.

Call for help:Call for help:– Mark Spafford (651-747-2131)Mark Spafford (651-747-2131)– Dennis Creen (651-405-6106)Dennis Creen (651-405-6106)– Paul Johns (507-389-6296)Paul Johns (507-389-6296)– Dennis Lachowitzer (651-405-6017)Dennis Lachowitzer (651-405-6017)

112112

ATSSA Foundation ATSSA Foundation Memorial and Memorial and

Scholarship programScholarship program

113113

American Traffic Safety Services American Traffic Safety Services FoundationFoundation

American Traffic American Traffic Safety Services Safety Services AssociationAssociation– Work Zones – install Work Zones – install

and maintain work and maintain work zone deviceszone devices

– Install pavement Install pavement markingsmarkings

– Install guard railInstall guard rail– Manufacture work Manufacture work

zone deviceszone devices

114114

ATSS FoundationATSS Foundation

The Mission of the The Mission of the American Traffic American Traffic Safety Services Safety Services Foundation is to Foundation is to promote and enhance promote and enhance the traffic safety the traffic safety industry through industry through educationaleducational and and giving programsgiving programs..

115115

We cannot forget those we lost.

Nor can forget those who were

left behind.

116116

ATSS FoundationATSS Foundation

The Roadway Worker The Roadway Worker Memorial Scholarship Memorial Scholarship ProgramProgram– Children of workers Children of workers

killed or permanently killed or permanently disabled in work zone disabled in work zone accidentsaccidents

117117

How can you help?How can you help?

If you know a survivor of a lost co-worker from a work If you know a survivor of a lost co-worker from a work zone crash please pass on the scholarship zone crash please pass on the scholarship opportunity.opportunity.

Help make the connection for application.Help make the connection for application.

..

http://www.atssa.com/about/foundationscholarship.asp

118118

Questions - ?Questions - ?

Please turn in Evaluation Please turn in Evaluation

Exam – 90 minutesExam – 90 minutes

Thank you!Thank you!

1 bituminous street 2 general information 2 street inspector project orientation before mix comes...

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