1 april 2008 needs for and experiences with technologies for adaptation to climate change iulian...
TRANSCRIPT
1April 2008
Needs for and experiences with Needs for and experiences with technologies for adaptation to technologies for adaptation to
climate changeclimate change
Iulian Florin VladuIulian Florin Vladu
Technology Sub-programmeTechnology Sub-programme
Adaptation, Technology and Science Adaptation, Technology and Science
ProgrammeProgramme
UNFCCCUNFCCC
Bangkok, Thailand
Iulian Florin VLADU - Technology Subprogramme
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This presentation will cover:This presentation will cover:
Technology framework and its thematic area on Technology framework and its thematic area on technology needs and needs assessmenttechnology needs and needs assessment
TNAs – definition and purpose. Priority needs for TNAs – definition and purpose. Priority needs for technologies for adaptation of non-Annex I Partiestechnologies for adaptation of non-Annex I Parties
Synthesis of technologies for adaptationSynthesis of technologies for adaptation
Issues for considerationIssues for consideration
Iulian Florin VLADU - Technology Subprogramme
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Mechanisms (EGTT )
Capacity -building
Enabling environments
Technology needs and needsassessments
COP and subsidiary bodies
Second periodConsultative process
Third periodImplementation ofthe technology framework
UNC
ED R
iode
Jan
eiro
1Berlin
2Geneva
3Ky oto
UNF
CCC
ent
ers
into
forc
e
4Buenos Aires
5Bonn
6 I & IIThe Hagueand Bonn
7Marrakesh
8New Delhi
9Milan
10Buenos Aires
11Montreal
12
First periodVarious issues
Technology information
Projects inventory, financing, networks of centres,adaptation technologies
Bue
nos
Aire
s Pl
an o
f Act
ions
Tech
nolo
gy fr
amew
ork
EGTT
reco
mm
enda
tions
for
enha
ncin
g th
e im
plem
enta
tion
of th
e fr
amew
ork
Rev
iew
of E
GTT
Regional workshops in Asia, Africa, and Latin America and the Caribbean
1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006
Ber
lin m
anda
te
Millennium declaration
Johannesburg Plan of Action
FAR SAR TAR AR4
SR
on
MT
I TT
IPCC
Ky oto Protocol signed
Development and transfer of technologies
Programme for further implementation of Agenda 21
CSD
2008 2010 2012 2030
Innovative financing
Technologies for adaptation
13 14 15 16 17 18
2006
Gui
delin
es
SR
on
CC
S
Fourth periodEnhancing the implementation ofthe technology framework
Processe s initiated at COP 11
First commitment periodKy oto Protocol enters
into force
Dialogue on long- term cooperative actions
Maintain the same themes
UNFCCC proce ss
???
Other possible approaches?
Ad-Hoc Working Group on Further Commitments under the Kyoto Protocol
SBSTA mit igation w orkshops and f ive-year work programme on adaptation
MOP 1
Mechanisms (EGTT )
Capacity -building
Enabling environments
Technology needs and needsassessments
COP and subsidiary bodies
Second periodConsultative process
Third periodImplementation ofthe technology framework
UNC
ED R
iode
Jan
eiro
1Berlin
2Geneva
3Ky oto
UNF
CCC
ent
ers
into
forc
e
4Buenos Aires
5Bonn
6 I & IIThe Hagueand Bonn
7Marrakesh
8New Delhi
9Milan
10Buenos Aires
11Montreal
12
First periodVarious issues
Technology information
Projects inventory, financing, networks of centres,adaptation technologies
Bue
nos
Aire
s Pl
an o
f Act
ions
Tech
nolo
gy fr
amew
ork
EGTT
reco
mm
enda
tions
for
enha
ncin
g th
e im
plem
enta
tion
of th
e fr
amew
ork
Rev
iew
of E
GTT
Regional workshops in Asia, Africa, and Latin America and the Caribbean
1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006
Ber
lin m
anda
te
Millennium declaration
Johannesburg Plan of Action
FAR SAR TAR AR4
SR
on
MT
I TT
IPCC
Ky oto Protocol signed
Development and transfer of technologies
Programme for further implementation of Agenda 21
CSD
2008 2010 2012 2030
Innovative financing
Technologies for adaptation
13 14 15 16 17 18
2006
Gui
delin
es
SR
on
CC
S
Fourth periodEnhancing the implementation ofthe technology framework
Processe s initiated at COP 11
First commitment periodKy oto Protocol enters
into force
Dialogue on long- term cooperative actions
Maintain the same themes
UNFCCC proce ss
???
Other possible approaches?
Ad-Hoc Working Group on Further Commitments under the Kyoto Protocol
SBSTA mit igation w orkshops and f ive-year work programme on adaptation
MOP 1
Major milestones for the technology processMajor milestones for the technology process
Iulian Florin VLADU - Technology Subprogramme
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Stage R&D Demonstration
Government support for deployment Competitive with incentives Competitive without incentives
Later Soon Tomorrow
Long-term Mid-term
Technology development cycle
Tech
nolo
gy
Now
Deployment
Near-term
Phase DemonstrationResearchMature market technologies
Availability
Type of barriers Technical, economic
Instruments
ChoicesXm FCVs by 2025 (5m in California and New York)
Create 3500 Sleipners (CCS and CDM)
Add 100X current US or Brazilian ethanol production
Add 2m 1-MW peakwindmills
Increase fuel economy for 2 billion cars from 30 to 60 mpg
Polic
y
Market, economic, socialEconomic, technical, social
Push instruments Pull instruments
Public funds
Private funds
Types
The finacingcontinuuum
Inve
stm
ent
Sources
Integrated vision Integrated vision || Technology, policy and Technology, policy and investmentinvestment
Private
Subsidies and grants
Governments contracts & specialized programs
Concessional loans & seed capital
Entrepreneur’s equity
Supplier credits & Build-Own-Transfer
Corporate finance & project finance
Third party financing
Investment insurance & guarantees
Bank loans
Public
CCS in power sector (CCS advanced steam cycle with oxyfueling, CCS-IGCC), hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, ocean energy and fusion
Biodiesel, concentrating solar power, IGCC, fuel cells, CCS advanced steam cycle with flue-gas separation Public Private Partnerships
PP
P
Energy‑efficiency (e.g. vehicle fuel economy improvements, motor and steam systems, buildings and appliances), renewable energy and reducing gas flaring
Publicly funded R&D, R&D tax credits
- Economic incentives (e.g. adoption subsidies, direct public sector investments and carbon markets)- Market creation and transformation- Regulatory approaches (e.g. emission taxes, renewable portfolio standards)- Legislative frameworks, and codes, labels and standards (technology, performance)
- Identify technology needs - Enhance access to technology information- Improve technology absorption capacity- Assess technologies for adaptation- Collaborative R&D- Endogenous technologies
- Enabling environments for technology transfer
-Options for innovative financing of technology transfer - private financing advisory network - EU - GEEREF - new multilateral technology cooperation fund
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TNAs TNAs | | What are they?What are they?
The technology transfer framework defines TNAs as a The technology transfer framework defines TNAs as a set of set of country-driven activitiescountry-driven activities that identify and that identify and determine the mitigation and adaptation technology determine the mitigation and adaptation technology prioritiespriorities of Parties,…, particularly developing country of Parties,…, particularly developing country PartiesParties
They involve different They involve different stakeholders in a consultative stakeholders in a consultative processprocess to identify the barriers to technology transfer to identify the barriers to technology transfer and measures to address these barriers through and measures to address these barriers through sectoral analyses sectoral analyses
These activities may address soft and hard These activities may address soft and hard technologies, such as mitigation and adaptation technologies, such as mitigation and adaptation technologies, identify technologies, identify regulatory options and develop regulatory options and develop fiscal and financial incentives and capacity buildingfiscal and financial incentives and capacity building
Iulian Florin VLADU - Technology Subprogramme
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TNAs TNAs | | What are they?What are they?
The The purposepurpose of TNAs is to assist in identifying and of TNAs is to assist in identifying and analysing priority technology needs, which can form analysing priority technology needs, which can form the basis for a portfolio of EST projects and the basis for a portfolio of EST projects and programmesprogrammes which can facilitate the transfer of, and which can facilitate the transfer of, and access to, the ESTs and know-how in the access to, the ESTs and know-how in the implementation of Article 4, paragraph 5, of the implementation of Article 4, paragraph 5, of the ConventionConvention
TNAs are central to the work on technology transfer. TNAs are central to the work on technology transfer.
They follow a country-driven approach, bringing They follow a country-driven approach, bringing together stakeholders to identify needs and develop together stakeholders to identify needs and develop plans to meet those needsplans to meet those needs
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TNAs TNAs | | Support, methodology and guidanceSupport, methodology and guidance
GEF has provided funding to 94 non-Annex I Parties to conduct GEF has provided funding to 94 non-Annex I Parties to conduct TNAs through its interim financing for capacity-building in priority TNAs through its interim financing for capacity-building in priority areas – enabling activities phase II (also known as “top-ups”). 80 areas – enabling activities phase II (also known as “top-ups”). 80 are being supported by UNDP and 14 by the UNEP. Some 34 TNA are being supported by UNDP and 14 by the UNEP. Some 34 TNA reports are availablereports are available
1 expert meeting to identify methodologies to conduct TNAs 1 expert meeting to identify methodologies to conduct TNAs UNDP developed a simplified, user-friendly handbook on UNDP developed a simplified, user-friendly handbook on Conducting TNAs for climate change The TNA handbook, Conducting TNAs for climate change The TNA handbook, produced in collaboration with CTI, the EGTT and the secretariat, produced in collaboration with CTI, the EGTT and the secretariat, was made available to Parties in 2004was made available to Parties in 2004
CTI, in collaboration with UNDP, organized 3 regional workshops CTI, in collaboration with UNDP, organized 3 regional workshops to field-test and further develop the TNA handbook, to discuss to field-test and further develop the TNA handbook, to discuss regional concerns and priorities in assessing technology needs regional concerns and priorities in assessing technology needs and to further assist Parties in conducting TNAsand to further assist Parties in conducting TNAs
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MitigationMitigation AdaptationAdaptation
Activity 2: Identify technology criteria for assessment
Activity 3: Prioritize sectors and select key technology(ies)
Activity 4: Identify barriers and policy needs*
Activity 6: Prepare a synthesis report
Review GHG inventory for
mitigation potential
Identify key sectors and characteristics
Review national plans in identified
sectors
Review available vulnerability studies
Identify vulnerable sectors
Review national plans in vulnerable
sectors
Review technology options and resources
Prepare list of sectors with
mitigation potential
Develop criteria to apply to vulnerable
sectors
Compile a list of prioritized mitigation technologies and
key sectors
Prioritize vulnerable sectors
Identify characteristics of prioritized sectors
Compile responses to address
vulnerability
Activity 5: Define and select options
Conduct environ-mental technology impact assessment
Assess capacity to use mitigation technologies
Conduct environ-mental technology impact assessment
Assess capacity to use adaptation technologies
Implementation actions
Rank and select prioritized mitigation technologies and
key sectors
Identify practical options for priority
sectors
Identify responses and technologies
Rank and prioritize applicable
technologies
Assess adequacy of financial resources Ensure transparency Identify potential
synergiesIdentify ways to reduce
barriersContinue stakeholder
involvementRevise plans as
needed
Activity 1: Prepare a preliminary overview of the sectorsCross-cutting issues
(Stakeholder engagement and barrier analysis)
Full report (including a description of the stakeholder process adopted, an evaluation of sectoral needs and opportunities…, a statement of data gaps, project concepts/proposals, potential sources of funding)Summary report in NC
Input from NC, NAPAs, national development plans
Output to NC, NAPAs national development plans
Communicate TNA findings
Iulian Florin VLADU - Technology Subprogramme
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TNAs TNAs | | What are the priority technology needs?What are the priority technology needs?
Synthesis of technology needs assessments (TNAs) – Synthesis of technology needs assessments (TNAs) – FCCC/SBSTA/2006/INF.1:FCCC/SBSTA/2006/INF.1: Highlights priority technology needs to reduce greenhouse Highlights priority technology needs to reduce greenhouse
gas emissions and facilitate adaptation to the adverse gas emissions and facilitate adaptation to the adverse impacts of climate change based on information contained in impacts of climate change based on information contained in 23 TNAs and 25 initial national communications submitted by 23 TNAs and 25 initial national communications submitted by non-Annex I Partiesnon-Annex I Parties
Draws attention to specific barriers to technology transfer and Draws attention to specific barriers to technology transfer and suggests measures to address them, including through suggests measures to address them, including through capacity-buildingcapacity-building
Highlights ways used to involve stakeholders in a Highlights ways used to involve stakeholders in a consultative process to conduct TNAs, including the consultative process to conduct TNAs, including the methodologies and criteria used to prioritize technology methodologies and criteria used to prioritize technology needsneeds
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TNAs TNAs | | How representative are their resultsHow representative are their results??
Figure 2. Main activities for conducting a TNA for mitigation technologies
Note: Similar activities are carried out for a TNA of adaptation, but the tasks differ. Source: TNA handbook.
Table 4. An overview of the TNA process
Country
Sele
ct ta
rget
are
a
Con
duct
initi
al re
view
Set c
riter
ia
Sele
ct k
ey s
ecto
rs
Prio
ritiz
e te
chno
logi
es
Iden
tify
barr
iers
Iden
tify
mea
sure
s
Iden
tify
capa
city
-bui
ldin
g ne
eds
Des
crib
e st
akeh
olde
r pa
rtic
ipat
ion
Iden
tify
next
ste
ps
Proj
ect p
ropo
sal
Tota
la Pe
r cen
t
Albania 8 80 Azerbaijan 9 90 Bolivia 9 90 Burundi 8 80 Chile 7 70 China 9 90 Congo DR 7 70 Dominican Republic
6 60
Ecuador 8 80 Georgia 6 60 Ghana 10 100 Haiti 8 80 Indonesia 10 100 Kenya 10 100 Lesotho 9 90 Malawi 9 90 Mauritius 9 90 Moldova 4 40 Niue 9 90 Paraguay 8 80 Tajikistan 9 90 Viet Nam 8 80 Zimbabwe 7 70
Total 23 23 19 23 20 21 18 12 16 11 12 % 100 100 83 100 87 91 78 52 70 48 52
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TNAs - how priorities were selected? TNAs - how priorities were selected? || How they relate to national development objectivesHow they relate to national development objectives??
Development benefits Climate change
Market Environmental protection
Country
Empl
oym
ent g
ener
atio
n
Wea
lth c
reat
ion
Util
izat
ion
of lo
cal r
esou
rces
Rat
iona
l util
izat
ion
of re
sour
ces
Impr
ovem
ent i
n he
alth
and
qua
lity
of li
fe
Food
sec
urity
Cap
acity
-bui
ldin
g
Envi
ronm
enta
l sus
tain
abili
ty
Gen
der e
qual
ity
Soci
o-ec
onom
ic im
port
ance
GH
G re
duct
ion
pote
ntia
l
Pres
erve
sin
ks
Pote
ntia
l for
ada
ptat
ion
Inve
stm
ent c
osts
Mai
nten
ance
cos
ts
Life
tim
e of
the
inv.
Poss
ibili
ties
for r
eplic
atio
n
Soci
al a
ccep
tanc
e
Min
imum
impa
ct o
n th
e en
viro
nmen
t
Pollu
tion
redu
ctio
n
Rec
over
y of
wat
er re
sour
ces
Pote
ntia
l for
reus
e an
d re
cycl
e To
tal
Per c
ent
Albania 12 54.5 Azerbaijan 6 27.3 Bolivia 1 4.5 Burundi 7 31.8 Chile 2 9.1 China 9 40.9 Congo DR 13 59.1 Dominican Republic 6 27.3 Ecuador 1 4.5 Georgia 3 15.8 Ghana 8 42.1 Haiti 3 15.8 Indonesia 7 36.8 Kenya 5 26.3 Lesotho 6 31.6 Malawi 7 36.8 Mauritius 5 26.3 Moldova 4 21.1 Niue 4 21.1 Paraguay 2 10.5 Tajikistan 6 31.6 Viet Nam 6 31.6 Zimbabwe 5 26.3
Total 8 2 14 14 1 0 1 1 1 16 21 1 1 16 1 3 3 9 13 2 0 0 % 34.8 8.7 60.9 60.9 4.3 0.0 4.3 4.3 4.3 69.6 91.3 4.3 4.3 69.6 4.3 13.0 13.0 39.1 56.5 8.7 0.0 0.0
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TNAs TNAs || What are commonly identified mitigation What are commonly identified mitigation technologies in TNAs?technologies in TNAs?
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
RE
T
CH
P (c
ogen
erat
ion)
DS
M
GTC
C
Uns
peci
fied
pow
er g
ener
atio
n
CT
Coa
l
Lega
cy im
prov
emen
ts
Adv
ance
d fo
ssil
fuel
Oth
er
Ene
rgy
effic
ient
app
lianc
es
Gre
en b
uild
ings
mat
eria
ls &
des
ign
Oth
er
Dis
tric
t hea
ting
Mis
cella
neou
s
Indu
stria
l ene
rgy
effic
ienc
y
Boi
lers
Mis
cella
neou
s in
dust
ries
Cem
ent P
rodu
ctio
n
Hig
h ef
ficie
ncy
mot
ors
Ste
el in
dust
ry
Furn
aces
Bre
ad m
akin
g in
dust
ry
Oth
ers
Min
ing
Fuel
sw
itchi
ng
Alu
min
ium
indu
stry
Veh
icle
s
Man
agem
ent &
pol
icy
impr
ovem
ents
Faci
litie
s
Uns
peci
fied
publ
ic tr
ansp
ort
Frei
ght
Fore
stry
Cro
p m
anag
emen
t
Oth
er
Mis
cella
neou
s
Mis
cella
neou
s
Per c
ent o
f Par
ties
[%]
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
# of
tech
nolo
gies
iden
tifie
d
Gen
erat
ion
- 9
1.7%
Bu
ild
ing
s &
re
sid
enti
al -
87.
5%
Tra
nsm
issi
on
- 2
5%
Energy - 91.7% of Parties Industry - 79.2% Transport - 50%
Ag
ricu
ltu
re &
fo
rest
ry -
33.
3%
Was
te m
anag
emen
t -
29.2
%
Oth
er -
4.2
%
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TNAs TNAs || What are commonly identified adaptation What are commonly identified adaptation technologies in TNAs?technologies in TNAs?
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Cro
p m
anag
emen
t
Irrig
atio
n
Land
man
agem
ent
Live
stoc
k
Fore
stry
Impr
oved
dra
inag
e
Pest
man
agem
ent
Food
pro
cess
ing
Oth
er (s
oft)
Fish
ery
Oth
er
Impr
oved
dra
inag
e
Emer
genc
y pl
anni
ng
Ris
e la
nd a
nd h
ouse
s
Har
d st
ruct
ural
opt
ions
Indi
geno
us o
ptio
ns
Oth
er
Soft
str
uctu
ral o
ptio
ns
Vario
us re
trea
t
Wat
er re
cycl
ing
and
cons
erva
tion
Wat
er tr
ansf
ers
Oth
er
Wat
er h
arve
stin
g
Wat
er/fo
od-b
orne
dis
ease
s
Vect
or-b
orne
dis
ease
s
Oth
er
Hig
h w
ater
ext
rem
es
Syst
emat
ic o
bser
vatio
n an
d m
onito
ring
Nat
ural
dis
aste
rs
Tour
ism
Cap
acity
bui
ldin
g
Per c
ent o
f Par
ies
[%]
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
# of
tech
nolo
gies
iden
tifie
d
Acc
om
od
ate
- 37
.5%
Agriculture & fishery - 62.5% of Parties Coastal zone - 41.7% Water - 37.5% Health - 25%
Pro
tect
- 2
0.8%
Ret
reat
- 1
6.7%
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TNAs TNAs || What are commonly identified technologies to What are commonly identified technologies to address sea-level rise?address sea-level rise?
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Dik
es, l
evee
s, fl
oodw
ays,
floo
dwal
ls
Bul
khea
ds, s
eaw
alls
, rev
ertm
ents
Gro
ynes
Gab
ions
Cre
atio
n of
em
bank
men
ts
Stor
m s
urge
bar
rier
s
Floo
ding
and
sto
rm d
rain
s
Peri
odic
bea
ch n
ouri
shm
ent
Bui
ldin
g-w
ith-n
atur
e te
chni
ques
Stim
ulat
e gr
owth
of c
oral
ree
fs n
atur
ally
or
artif
icia
lly
Han
d-pl
aced
roc
k se
a w
alls
(sto
ne w
alls
)
Man
grov
e pl
anta
tions
Oth
er
Coa
stal
zon
e la
bora
tory
Impr
oved
dra
inag
e
Earl
y-w
arni
ng s
yste
ms
Rai
sed
hous
es a
nd la
nd
Des
alin
atio
n pl
ants
Coa
stal
zon
e m
onito
ring
Oth
er
Rep
lace
men
t Cas
emen
ts
Oth
er
Prev
entin
g de
velo
pmen
t in
area
s ne
ar c
oast
Con
ditio
nal p
hase
d-ou
t dev
elop
men
t
Per
cen
t of c
oast
al z
one
tech
nolo
gies
iden
tifie
d [%
]
Protect Accomodate Retreat
Har
d -
27.
5%
So
ft -
12.
5%
Ind
igen
eou
s -
7.5%
Oth
er -
7.5
%
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TNAs TNAs || What are main barriers to technology transfer What are main barriers to technology transfer identified by country?identified by country?
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TNAs TNAs || What are main measures to address barriers What are main measures to address barriers
to technology transfer?to technology transfer? Table 10. Type of measures identified
by country
Country Ec
onom
ic /
mar
ket
Info
rmat
ion
/ aw
aren
ess
Polic
y R
egul
ator
y In
stitu
tiona
l H
uman
Te
chni
cal
Infr
astr
uctu
re
Oth
ers
Tota
l
Per c
ent
Albania 5 56 Azerbaijan 5 56 Bolivia 7 78 Burundi 6 67 Chile 1 11 China 8 89 Congo DR 7 78 Dominican Republic
0 0
Ecuador 5 56 Georgia 8 89 Ghana 0 0 Haiti 4 44 Indonesia 6 67 Kenya 6 67 Lesotho 4 44 Malawi 9 100 Mauritius 5 56 Moldova 6 67 Niue 2 22 Paraguay 0 0 Tajikistan 7 78 Viet Nam 8 89 Zimbabwe 7 78
Total 16 16 16 18 13 11 13 6 7 Percent 70 70 70 78 57 48 57 26 30
Figure 13. Common measures identified to address barriers
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Reg
ulat
ory
Polic
y
Info
rmat
ion
/
awar
enes
s
Eco
nom
ic /
mar
ket
Tec
hni
cal
Inst
itut
ion
al
Hum
an
Oth
ers
Infr
astr
uctu
re
Per
cen
t of P
artie
s[%
]
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TNAs TNAs || What are main capacity-building needs?What are main capacity-building needs? Table 11. Type of capacity-building
needs identified by country
Country Ec
onom
ic /
mar
ket
Info
rmat
ion
/ aw
aren
ess
Polic
y / p
rogr
amm
e R
egul
ator
y In
stitu
tiona
l /
orga
niza
tiona
l H
uman
Tech
nica
l In
fras
truc
ture
O
ther
s To
tal
Per c
ent
Albania 0 0 Azerbaijan 6 67 Bolivia 4 44 Burundi 3 33 Chile 1 11 China 0 0 Congo DR 3 33 Dominican Republic 2 22 Ecuador 4 44 Georgia 0 0 Ghana 8 89 Haiti 2 22 Indonesia 2 22 Kenya 6 67 Lesotho 3 33 Malawi 7 78 Mauritius 3 33 Moldova 0 0 Niue 1 11 Paraguay 1 11 Tajikistan 8 89 Viet Nam 8 89 Zimbabwe 5 56
Total 7 14 9 7 10 16 8 3 3 Percent 30 61 39 30 43 70 35 13 13
Figure 14. Common capacity-building needs
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Hum
an
Info
rmat
ion
/ aw
aren
ess
Inst
itut
iona
l /or
gan
iztio
nal
Polic
y / p
rogr
amm
e
Tech
nica
l
Econ
omic
/ m
arke
t
Reg
ulat
ory
Infr
astr
uctu
re
Oth
ers
Per c
ent o
f Par
ties
[%]
Iulian Florin VLADU - Technology Subprogramme
18
TNAs synthesis report TNAs synthesis report || key findingskey findings
The The TNA is an effective toolTNA is an effective tool for decision makers and for decision makers and international institutions that may be involved in the international institutions that may be involved in the facilitation of the technology transfer process. The facilitation of the technology transfer process. The TNA process not only helps identify specific TNA process not only helps identify specific technology needs, but also points out the direction in technology needs, but also points out the direction in which future policies and regulations will need to which future policies and regulations will need to progressprogress
The The main beneficiary of the TNAs are the Parties that main beneficiary of the TNAs are the Parties that conducted themconducted them, as these reports provide a good basis , as these reports provide a good basis for follow-up activities to further enhance the transfer for follow-up activities to further enhance the transfer of climate friendly technologies.of climate friendly technologies.
Iulian Florin VLADU - Technology Subprogramme
19
Synthesis of technologies for adaptation under Synthesis of technologies for adaptation under the NWP the NWP || ApproachApproach
Synthesis report on technologies for adaptation Synthesis report on technologies for adaptation identified in the submissions from Parties and relevant identified in the submissions from Parties and relevant organizationsorganizations Mandated by SBSTA25Mandated by SBSTA25
Submissions prepared based on a structure provided by the Submissions prepared based on a structure provided by the secretariatsecretariat
Part of submissions provided on adaptation approaches, Part of submissions provided on adaptation approaches, strategies, practices and technologies for adaptation at the strategies, practices and technologies for adaptation at the regional, national and local levels in different sectors, as well regional, national and local levels in different sectors, as well as on experiences, needs and concernsas on experiences, needs and concerns
Serve as an input to the NWP and to the work of the EGTT on Serve as an input to the NWP and to the work of the EGTT on analysing and identifying ways to facilitate and advance analysing and identifying ways to facilitate and advance technology transfer activities, including those identified in the technology transfer activities, including those identified in the technology transfer frameworktechnology transfer framework
Iulian Florin VLADU - Technology Subprogramme
20
NWP synthesis NWP synthesis || National circumstances`and National circumstances`and Commonly reported sectors for TACommonly reported sectors for TA
Country or organizationa Group Region Geographical scope Sectors
Reg
iona
l
Nat
iona
l
Loca
l
Agr
icul
ture
and
fis
herie
s
Wat
er re
sour
ces
Coa
stal
zon
es
Hea
lth
Bio
dive
rsity
Infr
astr
uctu
re
Cro
ss-c
uttin
g
Oth
ers
Argentina NAI Latin America and the Caribbean Australia AI Asia and the Pacific Austria AI Europe Bangladesh NAI, LDC Asia and the Pacific Canada AI North America Cuba NAI, LDC, SIDS Latin America and the Caribbean Cyprus AI Europe El Salvador NAI Latin America and the Caribbean France AI Europe Germany AI Europe Japan AI Asia and the Pacific Latvia NAI Europe Malta NAI Europe Mexico NAI North America Netherlands AI Europe New Zealand AI Asia and the Pacific Portugal AI Europe Romania AI Europe South Africa NAI Africa Sweden AI Europe Tajikistan NAI Asia and the Pacific United Kingdom AI Europe United States AI North America Subtotal 3 9 6 14 12 6 2 6 3 7 1 Per cent 13 39 26 61 52 26 9 26 13 30 4 CBD IGO FAO IGO WFP IGO WMO IGO IRI NGO Practical Action NGO Tyndall NGO
Total 7 11 10 17 16 8 2 7 4 8 2 Per cent 23 37 33 57 53 27 7 23 13 27 7
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Agric
ultu
re a
ndfis
herie
s
Wat
er re
sour
ces
Coa
stal
zon
es
Cros
s-cu
tting
Biod
iver
sity
Infra
stru
ctur
e
Heal
th
Oth
ers
Subm
issi
ons
(%)
All information
Information under header 'technology '
Iulian Florin VLADU - Technology Subprogramme
21
NWP synthesis NWP synthesis || Technologies commonly reported Technologies commonly reported by Parties and organizationsby Parties and organizations
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
Syst
emat
ic o
bser
vatio
n an
d m
onito
ring
Cro
p m
anag
emen
tLa
nd m
anag
emen
tW
ater
con
serv
atio
nIn
form
atio
n –
com
mun
icat
ion
Live
stoc
kM
odel
ling
Insu
ranc
eEa
rly w
arni
ngW
ater
tran
sfer
sW
ater
har
vest
ing
Wat
er re
cycl
ing
and
cons
erva
tion
Floo
ds -
mod
ellin
gFl
oods
- st
ruct
ures
Fore
cast
ing
Info
rmat
ion
Cap
acity
-bui
ldin
gFl
oods
- m
appi
ng
Map
ping
Wat
er re
sour
ce m
anag
emen
tSy
stem
atic
obs
erva
tion
and
mon
itorin
gC
apac
ity-b
uild
ing
Early
war
ning
Fore
cast
ing
Info
rmat
ion
Insu
ranc
eM
odel
ling
Syst
emat
ic o
bser
vatio
n an
d m
onito
ring
Emer
genc
y re
spon
seIn
form
atio
n - c
omm
unic
atio
n ne
twor
kPl
anni
ngPr
otec
t - h
ard
Prot
ect -
sof
tAc
com
mod
ate
- cod
es a
nd p
ract
ices
Early
war
ning
Prot
ect -
indi
geno
usSy
stem
atic
obs
erva
tion
and
mon
itorin
gM
odel
ling
Uns
peci
fied
Cor
al re
efIn
form
atio
nSy
stem
atic
obs
erva
tion
and
mon
itorin
gW
etla
nd c
onse
rvat
ion
Extre
me
even
tsFo
reca
stin
gO
ther
sSy
stem
atic
obs
erva
tion
and
mon
itorin
gU
nspe
cifie
dU
rban
pla
nnin
gR
oads
, em
bank
men
tsEa
rly w
arni
ngFu
nds
Mod
ellin
g
Nu
mb
er
of t
ech
no
log
ies
re
po
rte
d
Agriculture and fisheries
(34 per cent)
Water resources(24 per cent)
Cross-cutting(18 per cent)
Coastal zones(6 per cent)
Bio
div
ers
ity(5
pe
r ce
nt)
He
alth
(4 p
er
cen
t)
Infr
ast
ruct
ure
(3.6
pe
r ce
nt)
Oth
ers
Iulian Florin VLADU - Technology Subprogramme
22
NWP synthesis NWP synthesis || Types of technologiesTypes of technologies
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Hard Hard - soft Soft - hard Soft
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Implementation Planning and designingInformation and awareness raising Monitoring and evaluation
Hard technologies, such as Hard technologies, such as drought-resistant crop varieties, drought-resistant crop varieties, seawalls (e.g. in Male Island in the seawalls (e.g. in Male Island in the Maldives) and irrigation Maldives) and irrigation technologies (e.g. new or improved technologies (e.g. new or improved irrigation systems in Portugal)irrigation systems in Portugal)
Soft technologies, such as crop Soft technologies, such as crop rotation patternsrotation patterns
Technologies were for implementation Technologies were for implementation of adaptation actions (e.g., in the of adaptation actions (e.g., in the coastal zone sector such technologies coastal zone sector such technologies aimed to protect against sea level rise aimed to protect against sea level rise (e.g. dykes in the Netherlands and (e.g. dykes in the Netherlands and beach nourishment in Cuba); to retreat beach nourishment in Cuba); to retreat from and limit the potential effects of from and limit the potential effects of sea level rise (e.g. technologies to sea level rise (e.g. technologies to relocate threatened buildings) and to relocate threatened buildings) and to accommodate sea level rise by accommodate sea level rise by increasing the ability of society to increasing the ability of society to cope with the effects (e.g. cope with the effects (e.g. technologies to prepare emergency technologies to prepare emergency plans, and to modify land use and plans, and to modify land use and agricultural practices).agricultural practices).
Iulian Florin VLADU - Technology Subprogramme
23
NWP synthesis NWP synthesis || Status of implementation and Status of implementation and geographical scopegeographical scope
Ongoing40%
Under implementation
28%
Under development
21%
Under consideration
6%
Completed5%
Status of implementation of Status of implementation of technology related technology related activities reported by activities reported by Parties and organizationsParties and organizations
Local 33%
Regional23%
National37%
Geographical scope of Geographical scope of technologies cited in technologies cited in submissions by Parties submissions by Parties and organizationsand organizations
Iulian Florin VLADU - Technology Subprogramme
24
NWP synthesis NWP synthesis || Commonly reported concerns and Commonly reported concerns and barriers for deployment of technologies for adaptationbarriers for deployment of technologies for adaptation
Lack of financial resources
30%
Technical limitations
16%
Lack of policy15%
Lack of human capacity
10%
Lack of institutional
capacity3%
Lack of information
Information and awareness
26%
Iulian Florin VLADU - Technology Subprogramme
25
NWP synthesis NWP synthesis || Issues for further cosniderationIssues for further cosnideration
What would be the specific policy implications for development, What would be the specific policy implications for development, deployment and diffusion of existing technologies (traditional and deployment and diffusion of existing technologies (traditional and modern) for adaptation within countries, taking into account the modern) for adaptation within countries, taking into account the important role of these technologies?important role of these technologies?
What could be done to develop high and future technologies and make What could be done to develop high and future technologies and make them available to countries highly vulnerable to the adverse effects of them available to countries highly vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate change?climate change?
What criteria, if any, could be taken into account in addition to benefits, What criteria, if any, could be taken into account in addition to benefits, including economic/financial and costs, equity and social/legal including economic/financial and costs, equity and social/legal acceptability, in choosing the adequate technologies for adaptation?acceptability, in choosing the adequate technologies for adaptation?
Submissions highlighted that many activities reported relying on Submissions highlighted that many activities reported relying on existing technologies for coping with climate variability which may existing technologies for coping with climate variability which may also be important as technologies for adaptation to climate change. also be important as technologies for adaptation to climate change. What could be done to promote the development, demonstration and What could be done to promote the development, demonstration and deployment of such technologies for adaptation through national and deployment of such technologies for adaptation through national and international mechanismsinternational mechanisms