1 addressing modes

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Microprocessor and Interfaces Microprocessor and Interfaces 8085 addressing modes

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Page 1: 1 Addressing Modes

Microprocessor and InterfacesMicroprocessor and Interfaces

8085 addressing modes

Page 2: 1 Addressing Modes

Addressing modesAddressing modes• Each instruction of a computer specifies an operation on certain data

• In each instruction, programmer has to specify 3 things:things:– Operation to be performed– Address of source of dataAdd f d ti ti f lt– Address of destination of result

• There are various ways of specifying address of the data to be operated on

• These different ways of specifying data are called the addressing modes

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Common addressing modesCommon addressing modes

• Immediate addressing modeImmediate addressing mode• Direct addressing mode

di dd i d• Indirect addressing mode• Register addressing mode• Register indirect addressing mode• Implicit addressing modeImplicit addressing mode

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Immediate AddressingImmediate Addressing

• Simplest addressing modeS p est add ess g ode• Operand is given in the instruction itself• Used to define a constant or set initial values ofUsed to define a constant or set initial values of variables

• No memory reference other than instruction yfetch is required to obtain operand

• Size of the number is limited to the size of the address field, which for most instruction sets is small compared to word length

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Immediate addressing exampleImmediate addressing example

• MVI A 05 H :: Move 05 H in accumulatorMVI   A, 05 H :: Move 05 H in accumulator– MVI is the operation05 H is the immediate data (source)– 05 H is the immediate data (source)

– A is the destination

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Direct AddressingDirect Addressing

• Effective address of the operand is given in the ect e add ess o t e ope a d s g e t eaddress field of the instruction

• Requires one memory reference to read the q yoperand from the given location

• Provides only a limited address space• Length of the address field is usually less than the word length

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Direct addressing exampleDirect addressing example

• LDA 2500 H :: Load the contents of memoryLDA 2500 H :: Load the contents of memory location 2500 H in accumulator – LDA is the operation– LDA is the operation– 2500 H is the address of sourceAccumulator is the destination– Accumulator is the destination 

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Indirect AddressingIndirect Addressing

• The address field of the instruction refers to the e add ess e d o t e st uct o e e s to t eaddress of a word in memory, which in turn contains the full length address of the operand

• Advantage ‐ For the word length of N, an address space of 2N can be addressed

• Disadvantage ‐ Instruction execution requires two memory reference to fetch the operandM ltil l d d i di t dd i• Multilevel or cascaded indirect addressing can also be used

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Register AddressingRegister Addressing

• Similar to direct addressingSimilar to direct addressing• Only difference is that the address field of the instruction refers to a register rather than ainstruction refers to a register rather than a memory location

• 3 or 4 bits are used as address field to3 or 4 bits are used as address field to reference 8 to 16 general purpose registers

• Advantage :: Small address field is needed inAdvantage :: Small address field is needed in the instruction

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Register addressing exampleRegister addressing example

• MOV A B :: Move the contents of register B toMOV A, B :: Move the contents of register B to A– MOV is the operation– MOV is the operation– B is the source of dataA is the destination– A is the destination

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Register Indirect AddressingRegister Indirect Addressing

• Similar to indirect addressingS a to d ect add ess g• The address field of the instruction refers to a registerg

• The register contains the effective address of the operand

• Uses one memory reference to obtain the operand

• The address space is limited to the width of the registers available to store the effective address

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Register indirect addressing exampleRegister indirect addressing example

• MOV A M :: Move data from memory locationMOV A, M :: Move data from memory location specified by H‐L pair to accumulator– MOV is the operation– MOV is the operation– M is the memory location specified by H‐L register pairpair

– A is the destination

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Implicit AddressingImplicit Addressing

• Address of source of data as well as address ofAddress of source of data as well as address of destination of result is fixed

• There is no need to give any operand along• There is no need to give any operand along with the instruction

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Implicit addressing exampleImplicit addressing example

• CMA :: Complement accumulatorCMA :: Complement accumulator– CMA is the operationA is the source– A is the source

– A is the destination