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7th Annual HKIUG Meeting 7th Annual HKIUG Meeting HKUST Library HKUST Library 2006-12-12 2006-12-12

HKLIS – Dissertations and Theses Collection HKLIS – Dissertations and Theses Collection (DTC), (DTC),

Its Search Mechanism and ApplicationsIts Search Mechanism and Applications

7th Annual HKIUG Meeting 7th Annual HKIUG Meeting HKUST Library HKUST Library 2006-12-12 2006-12-12

HKLIS – Dissertations and Theses Collection HKLIS – Dissertations and Theses Collection (DTC), (DTC),

Its Search Mechanism and ApplicationsIts Search Mechanism and Applications

Li Yiu On (yoli@hkbu.edu.hk)Li Yiu On (yoli@hkbu.edu.hk)Irene Wong (ismwong@hkbu.edu.hk)Irene Wong (ismwong@hkbu.edu.hk)

Hong Kong Baptist University LibraryHong Kong Baptist University Library

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OutlineI. What is DTC?II. Search Mechanism of

DTCIII. Syntax of AVS Search QueryIV. Merits of DTCV. A Quick Quiz

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I. What is DTC ?

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Note: virtual union catalog vs central union catalog

Dissertations and Theses Collections (DTC) is an virtual online union catalog of Hong Kong postgraduate students’ doctoraland master dissertations and theses indexed in the seven university library OPACs in Hong Kong.

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These libraries are: 1. Chinese University of Hong Kong Libraries

(CUHK), 2. City University of Hong Kong Library (CityU), 3. Hong Kong Baptist University Library

(HKBU), 4. Hong Kong Polytechnic University Library

(PolyU), 5. Hong Kong University of Science &

Technology Library (HKUST) , 6. Lingnan University Library (LU),

7. University of Hong Kong Libraries (HKU) .

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DTC – Is a search engine which can

perform broadcasting search/cross-search on selective collection subsets (i.e. postgraduate students’ dissertation records) of seven Millennium OPACs

– Is a virtual union catalog as the DTC synchronizes the contents of more than one OPAC

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DTC is a virtual union catalog– It is NOT a physical and centralized databas

e.– We do NOT develop a centralized database

of storing distributed catalog records indexed in the selected library OPACs (e.g. HKALL).

– All DTC records (dissertation titles and hyperlinks to their corresponding Millennium systems) are created in real time by searching each library OPAC through our AVS/ASP search engine.

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DTC is NOT using Z39.50, and DTC’s function is what Z39.50 CANNOT do

– The broadcasting search/cross-search performed by DTC is limited to the selective collection subset (i.e. dissertation catalog records) of various OPACs.

Note: DTC is NOT using Google

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II. Search Mechanism of DTC

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The program workflows of DTC may be divided into three components:

1. A Search Interface provides an user-friendly environment for one-stop cross-searching to selected library collection subsets.

2. AVS/ASP Search Engine executes the search query.

3. Search Result List creates links to catalog records of different OPACs, and further leads users to the corresponding abstracts and full text.

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1. User-friendly Search Interface

• User can limit their searches by various options listed in pull-down menus

• No computer commands are needed.

To search the departments in which the students are enrolled

To search the degree types, e.g. doctoral or master To search the years the dissertations and t

heses are submitted to the universities

To cross-search the libraries of your choice by clicking the corresponding check boxes

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2. AVS/ASP Search Engine contains two main components:

– Search query: Millennium Advanced Keyword Searching (AVS) search query

– Programming Language: Microsoft Active Server Page (ASP) scripts.

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2. Work of AVS/ASP Search Engine:a. Read the search term(s) inputted by

users. b. Construct an AVS search query to

selected library OPACc. Read the number of records found in

OPACd. Display the result on the Search

Result List

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2a. Search term(s) are transferred to the AVS/ASP Search Engine for processing

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2b. Construct an AVS search query (i.e. AVS URL) to • CUHK --

http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/search/X?SEARCH=shakespeare&searchscope=2&x=&m=&b=&l=&SORT=D&Da=&Db=

• CityU --http://lib.cityu.edu.hk/search/X?SEARCH=shakespeare%20AND%20s:(dissertations%20and%20kong)%20and%20s:(city%20university%20or%20city%20polytechnic)&searchscope=0&SORT=D&l=&m=&p=&b=&Da=&Db=

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2c. Read the number of records found in CUHK OPAC

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2c. Read the number of records found in CityU OPAC

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2d. Display the result on the Search Result List (i.e. the number of records found and hyperlink to specific library)

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III. Syntax of AVS Search Query

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Libraries employ different methods to store their dissertation and these records in OPAC, they may use

– Search scope/collection scoping, or – Bibliographic location code, or– Author/Subject added entry, e.g. “Hong

Kong University Theses Online” (tag 773)

Thus, we use different AVS queries to retrieve dissertation and these records from different OPACs

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An AVS Search Query is the URL to a Millennium system, e.g. http://hkbulib.hkbu.edu.hk/search/X?SEARCH=*&searchscope=8&SORT=D&l=&m=&p=&b=th+++&Da=&Db=

this is the URL to access the dissertation collection in HKBU

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An AVS URL is made up of:1. Library Domain name

http://hkbulib.hkbu.edu.hk/search/X?SEARCH=

2. Search terms (variable fields/keywords phrase searching)* (i.e. wildcard searching for all records)

3. Fixed fields &searchscope=8&SORT=D&l=&m=&p=&b=th+++&Da=&Db=

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Now let us introduce the Syntax of AVS search query for the retrieval of dissertation and these collection:

A. To retrieve the Whole collectionTo limit the search by:B. DegreeC. DepartmentD. YearE. Language

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A. To retrieve the whole dissertation and these collection from a Millennium system by:

1. Fixed fields, or

2. Search terms (variable fields/keywords phrase searching)

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Fixed fields used for the retrieval of the whole dissertation collection can be:

1. A specific search scope (catalog subset), or

2. A specific bibliographic location code

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Search scope used to retrieve the whole dissertation collection (i.e. “searchcope=n, and enter * [i.e. asterisk] in search term):

• In CUHK OPAChttp://library.cuhk.edu.hk/search/X?SEARCH=*&searchscope=2&x=&m=&b=&l=&SORT=D&Da=&Db=

• In HKBU OPAChttp://hkbulib.hkbu.edu.hk/search/X?SEARCH=*&searchscope=8&SORT=D&l=&m=&p=&b=th+++&Da=&Db=

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OPAC scoping = CUHK Theses in CUHK OPAC

Advantages of using scoping

1. Have a clear indication on the result page

2. Users may limit their searches within this scope

Disadvantage:

An III product, have to pay fees for this product

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Bibliographic Location Code used to retrieve the whole dissertation collection (i.e. “b=zzzzz, and enter an * in search term):

• In HKUST OPAC:http://ustlib.ust.hk/search/X?SEARCH=*&searchscope=0&SORT=D&l=&m=&p=&b=these&Da=&Db=

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Bibliographic Location Code = theses in HKUST OPAC

Advantages:

1. Have a clear indication on result page

2. No extra fee to III

Disadvantages:

1. Users cannot limit their searches within a scope

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Search terms (variable fields / keywords phrase searching) are used to retrieve the whole dissertation collection if no fixed fields (i.e. search scope or bibliographic location code) can be applied

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HKU dissertation collection – A keyword phrase search on Author

added entry: t:Hong Kong University Theses Online (in USMARC tag 773, and “t:” is the title index tag in AVS)

– http://library.hku.hk/search/X?SEARCH=t:(Hong%20Kong%20University%20Theses%20Online)&searchscope=0&SORT=D&l=&m=&p=&b=&Da=&Db=

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CityU dissertation collection – A combined keyword phrase search on two

Subject entries (in USMARC tag 690, “s:” is the subject index tag in AVS):

City University of Hong Kong – Dissertations City Polytechnic of Hong Kong – Dissertations

– They are combined as s:(dissertations and kong) and s:(city university or city polytechnic)

– http://lib.cityu.edu.hk/search/X?SEARCH=s:(dissertations%20and%20kong)%20and%20s:(city%20university%20or%20city%20polytechnic)&searchscope=0&SORT=D&l=&m=&p=&b=&Da=&Db=

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Combined keyword search in CityU OPAC

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PolyU dissertation collection – A combined keyword phrase search on two

Subject entries (in USMARC tag 610, and “s:” is the subject index tag in AVS):

Hong Kong Polytechnic University – Dissertations

Hong Kong Polytechnic – Dissertations– They are combined as

d:(hong kong polytechnic and dissertations)– http://library.polyu.edu.hk/search/X?SEARC

H=d:(hong%20kong%20polytechnic%20and%20dissertations)&searchscope=0&SORT=D&l=&m=&p=&b=&Da=&Db=

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Lingnan dissertation collection – A combined keyword phrase search on two

Subject entries (tag 610, s:): Lingnan University (Hong Kong) – Dissertations Lingnan College (Hong Kong)– Dissertations

– They are combined as s:(Lingnan and Dissertations)

– http://library.ln.edu.hk/search/X?SEARCH=s:(Lingnan%20and%20Dissertations)&searchscope=0&SORT=D&l=&m=&p=&b=&Da=&Db=

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B. To limit search by Degree – To find Doctoral or Master

dissertations and theses– A “Doctoral’ or “Master” search is a

keyword phrase search on degree titles recorded in the library catalog records.

– A search limit to “Doctoral” retrieves records containing the doctoral degree titles like “Ph.D.” or “D.Ed”…

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To limit search by Degree = Doctoral

– For example, to find all doctoral theses in CUHK, and the doctoral degree types offered by CUHK are

“D.M., Ed.D., M.D., Ph.D.”

– http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/search/X?SEARCH=(D.M.%20or%20Ed.D.%20or%20M.D.%20or%20Ph.D.)&searchscope=2&x=&m=&b=&l=&SORT=D&Da=&Db=

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To retrieve all Doctoral theses in CUHK OPAC

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To limit search by Degree = Master– A “Master” search retrieves all

dissertations and theses written by students who were NOT enrolled in the doctoral degrees, e.g. in CUHK, a negation of the degree types offered by the University:

NOT “D.M., Ed.D., M.D., Ph.D.”– “* AND (D.M. or Ed. D. or M.D. or Ph.D.)”– http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/search/X?

SEARCH=*%20AND%20NOT%20(D.M.%20or%20Ed.D.%20or%20M.D.%20or%20Ph.D.)&searchscope=2&x=&m=&b=&l=&SORT=D&Da=&Db=

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To retrieve all Master theses in CUHK OPAC

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To limit search by Degree – The following table lists the

doctoral degree types in different universities as of August 31, 2006.

– Note: If you find any discrepancy in this table or know any new postgraduate degree programs introduced in these 7 universities, please contact us and we will update the table and search parameters promptly.

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University Doctoral Degree Offered

Chinese University of HK

D.M., Ed.D., M.D., Ph.D.

City University of HK Ph.D.

HK Baptist University Ph.D. (哲學博士 ) HK Polytechnic

University D.B.A., Ph.D.

HK Uni. of Science & Technology

Ph.D.

Lingnan University Ph.D.

University of HK M.D., Ph.D., S.J.D.

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C. To limit search by Department– To search the departments in

which the students were enrolled– Is a keyword phrase search on

Department Names recorded in the library catalog records.

– NOTE: Department searching is NOT applicable to HKU OPAC

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To retrieve records by Department = Biology in DTC

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IV. Merits of DTC

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1. Simple, user-friendly and effective gateway

• The cross-searching form with self-explanatory Millennium search operators and pull-down menus requires simple/minimal search strategies/skills/commands from Millennium users.

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For example, compare the strategies/skills/commands for searching dissertations records in CUHK, CityU, UST, and with that of DTC

• Department = Accounting / Accountancy*• Degree = Doctoral

*variant department names: in some universities, it is called “Dept. of Accounting”, while in other universities is “Dept of Accountancy”

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In CUHK OPAC,

1. Select catalog subsets = CUHK Theses

2. Key in search term = “a:(Accountancy or

Accounting) AND (D.M. or Ed.D. or M.D.

or Ph.D.)”

Note: only very experienced OPAC users may know why to use

1. Boolean operators, index tag

2. Degree titles

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In CityU OPAC,

1. Key in search term = s:(dissertations and kong) AND s:(city university or city polytechnic) AND a:(Accountancy or Accounting) AND (Ph.D.)

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In HKUST OPAC,

1. Do a Keyword search and set bib location = HKUST Theses

2. Key in search term = d:(dissertations near Accountancy or Accounting) AND (Ph.D.)

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In DTC,

1. Select the “Department” pull-down menu

2. Select the “Degree” pull-down menu

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2. Flexible choices• Free choices of searching libraries,

searching fields and results display modes by one or all holding libraries are available.

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3. Cost-effective• It requires no additional server for

central storage of metadata and other complex broadcasting search information retrieval protocol (e.g. Z39.50, OAI)

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4. Simple workflow and efficient project administration

• It creates links to, instead of harvesting and storing, records indexed in other OPACs and thus synchronizes with any record updates in other libraries simultaneously.

• No extra effort or cost is needed in copyright clearance, metadata loading, and database maintenance.

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5. Comprehensive statistics• It generates comprehensive usage

statistics for search behavior and use pattern analysis.

• This is useful in enhancing user education programs and search engine design.

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6. Expand and progress • We can easily revise this

adaptable program to create new virtual union collections of different material types and subject categories .

• Three additional virtual union catalogs have been created: <http://www.hkbu.edu.hk/lib/electronic/libdbs/hklis.html>

• Law Library collections (LLC), • Medical Library Collections (MLS),• Multimedia Collections (MTC)

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Quiz• How many doctoral and master

dissertations and theses by Hong Kong postgraduate students are indexed in ALL seven UGC library OPACs?

• How many of them are Doctoral or Masters dissertations/theses?

• How many of them were written in the 1970s, 1980s, 1990s, and 2000s?

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UniversityDissertation

Records%

1. HKU 12,268 38.8%

2. CUHK 8,027 25.4%

3. PolyU 4,926 15.6%

4. CityU 2,828 9.0%

5. HKUST 2,714 8.6%

6. HKBU 731 2.3%

7. LU 85 0.3%

Total 31,579 100.0%

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University

Doctoral These

s

Master Theses

Doctoral (%)

Master (%)

1. HKU 2,269 9,999 18.5% 81.5%

2. CUHK 1,157 6,870 14.4% 85.6%

3. PolyU 825 4,101 16.7% 83.3%

4. HKUST 795 1,919 29.3% 70.7%

5. CityU 527 2,301 18.6% 81.4%

6. HKBU 173 558 23.7% 76.3%

7. LU 6 79 7.1% 92.9%

Total 5,752 25,827 18.2% 81.8%

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You are welcome to create a link to HKLIS:

http://www.hkbu.edu.hk/lib/electronic/libdbs/hklis.html

Thank you