1. 2 1.organic compounds necessary for: normal growth maintenance of health, reproduction 2.help the...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: 1. 2 1.Organic compounds necessary for: normal growth maintenance of health, Reproduction 2.Help the body convert carbohydrates and fat into energy an](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649dab5503460f94a99c06/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
1
![Page 2: 1. 2 1.Organic compounds necessary for: normal growth maintenance of health, Reproduction 2.Help the body convert carbohydrates and fat into energy an](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649dab5503460f94a99c06/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
2
1. Organic compounds necessary for:
• normal growth
• maintenance of health,
• Reproduction
2. Help the body convert carbohydrates and fat into energy an
3. Assist in the formation of bones and tissues
4. Essential for maintaining good health as the body cannot survive without them
![Page 3: 1. 2 1.Organic compounds necessary for: normal growth maintenance of health, Reproduction 2.Help the body convert carbohydrates and fat into energy an](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649dab5503460f94a99c06/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
3
Cannot be dissolved in water so..
Stored in body fat until they are transported to
the cells by the blood.
![Page 4: 1. 2 1.Organic compounds necessary for: normal growth maintenance of health, Reproduction 2.Help the body convert carbohydrates and fat into energy an](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649dab5503460f94a99c06/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
4
(RETINOL)
1.RESPONSIBLE FOR NIGHT AND COLOR VISION
2.GROWTH OF BONES AND TEETH
3.PRODUCTION OF HEALTHY SKIN
![Page 5: 1. 2 1.Organic compounds necessary for: normal growth maintenance of health, Reproduction 2.Help the body convert carbohydrates and fat into energy an](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649dab5503460f94a99c06/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
5
•Dark green and dark yellow vegetables
•Fruits
•Egg yolks
•Whole milk
•Liver
•Butter
•Fish oils
![Page 6: 1. 2 1.Organic compounds necessary for: normal growth maintenance of health, Reproduction 2.Help the body convert carbohydrates and fat into energy an](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649dab5503460f94a99c06/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
6
•Important for the normal growth and development of bones and teeth.
•Aids in the absorption and utilization of calcium and phosphorus.
![Page 7: 1. 2 1.Organic compounds necessary for: normal growth maintenance of health, Reproduction 2.Help the body convert carbohydrates and fat into energy an](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649dab5503460f94a99c06/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Vitamin D• When ultraviolet rays shine on your skin, a cholesterol-like substance is
converted into a precursor of vitamin D and absorbed in the blood.• Over the next few days, the precursor is converted to vitamin D3
(cholecalciferol).• Vitamin D3 is converted into its active form – a hormone – by enzymes in
the liver and then the kidney.Functions of Vitamin D• Maintains blood calcium levels by:
– Increasing calcium absorption in the intestine– Decreasing the amount of calcium excreted by the kidney– Pulling calcium out of the bones– Blood calcium levels must be kept high so there is enough calcium to build
bones and teeth, contract muscles, and transmit nerve impulses
![Page 8: 1. 2 1.Organic compounds necessary for: normal growth maintenance of health, Reproduction 2.Help the body convert carbohydrates and fat into energy an](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649dab5503460f94a99c06/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
8
•Egg yolks
•Liver
•Fish liver oil
•Fortified milk
•Primary source: sun
![Page 9: 1. 2 1.Organic compounds necessary for: normal growth maintenance of health, Reproduction 2.Help the body convert carbohydrates and fat into energy an](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649dab5503460f94a99c06/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
9
Rickets is a disease of growing bone that is unique to children and adolescents. It is caused by a failure of osteoid to calcify in a growing person. Failure of osteoid to calcify in adults is called osteomalacia.
Vitamin D deficiency rickets occurs when the metabolites of vitamin D are deficient. Less commonly, a dietary deficiency of calcium or phosphorus may also produce rickets.
![Page 10: 1. 2 1.Organic compounds necessary for: normal growth maintenance of health, Reproduction 2.Help the body convert carbohydrates and fat into energy an](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649dab5503460f94a99c06/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Rickets
•
![Page 11: 1. 2 1.Organic compounds necessary for: normal growth maintenance of health, Reproduction 2.Help the body convert carbohydrates and fat into energy an](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649dab5503460f94a99c06/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
11
•PROTECTS CELLS FROM OXIDATION
•A chemical change that occurs as a result of exposure to oxygen
![Page 12: 1. 2 1.Organic compounds necessary for: normal growth maintenance of health, Reproduction 2.Help the body convert carbohydrates and fat into energy an](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649dab5503460f94a99c06/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
12
Vegetable oils
Wheat germ
Whole-grain bread and cereal products
Liver
Fish liver oils
Green leafy vegetables
Of vitamin E
![Page 13: 1. 2 1.Organic compounds necessary for: normal growth maintenance of health, Reproduction 2.Help the body convert carbohydrates and fat into energy an](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649dab5503460f94a99c06/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
13
Necessary for blood clotting
Sources
Green leafy vegetables
Broccoli
Peas
Liver
Cheese
eggs
![Page 14: 1. 2 1.Organic compounds necessary for: normal growth maintenance of health, Reproduction 2.Help the body convert carbohydrates and fat into energy an](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649dab5503460f94a99c06/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
14
![Page 15: 1. 2 1.Organic compounds necessary for: normal growth maintenance of health, Reproduction 2.Help the body convert carbohydrates and fat into energy an](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649dab5503460f94a99c06/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
15
![Page 16: 1. 2 1.Organic compounds necessary for: normal growth maintenance of health, Reproduction 2.Help the body convert carbohydrates and fat into energy an](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649dab5503460f94a99c06/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
16
•Helps break down carbohydrates in the body
•Helps the body release energy from food
•Necessary for cell respiration
•Promotion of normal appetite/digestion/maintenance of a healthy nervous system.
•Deficiency: BeriBeri
![Page 17: 1. 2 1.Organic compounds necessary for: normal growth maintenance of health, Reproduction 2.Help the body convert carbohydrates and fat into energy an](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649dab5503460f94a99c06/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
17
•Enriched whole-grain products
•Liver
•Peas
• pork• Heat sensitive
• Easily leached into the cooking liquid
• Proper food storage/preparation practices are essential to maintain the thiamin level in foods
![Page 18: 1. 2 1.Organic compounds necessary for: normal growth maintenance of health, Reproduction 2.Help the body convert carbohydrates and fat into energy an](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649dab5503460f94a99c06/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
18
•Necessary for the body to break down carbohydrates
•To keep the skin, tongue, and lips in normal condition
Easily destroyed by exposure to light—especially sunlight
Important to store these foods either in a pantry or in the refrigerator to prevent nutrient loss
![Page 19: 1. 2 1.Organic compounds necessary for: normal growth maintenance of health, Reproduction 2.Help the body convert carbohydrates and fat into energy an](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649dab5503460f94a99c06/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
19
•Cheese
•Eggs
•Enriched breads
•Leafy green vegetables
•Lean meats
• legumes
![Page 20: 1. 2 1.Organic compounds necessary for: normal growth maintenance of health, Reproduction 2.Help the body convert carbohydrates and fat into energy an](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649dab5503460f94a99c06/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
• cracked and red lips, inflammation of the lining of mouth and tongue, mouth ulcers, cracks at the corners of the mouth, and a sore throat.
20
![Page 21: 1. 2 1.Organic compounds necessary for: normal growth maintenance of health, Reproduction 2.Help the body convert carbohydrates and fat into energy an](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649dab5503460f94a99c06/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
21
•Vital to the nervous system
•Helps cells convert food to energy and is beneficial for the mouth, skin, and tongue
•Helps the digestive tract to function properly.
•Research into the effects of niacin in lowering blood cholesterol. Due to the toxic side effects of high doses of niacin, self-prescribed niacin supplements are not recommended.
![Page 22: 1. 2 1.Organic compounds necessary for: normal growth maintenance of health, Reproduction 2.Help the body convert carbohydrates and fat into energy an](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649dab5503460f94a99c06/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
22
![Page 23: 1. 2 1.Organic compounds necessary for: normal growth maintenance of health, Reproduction 2.Help the body convert carbohydrates and fat into energy an](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649dab5503460f94a99c06/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
23
•Liver
•Lean meats
•Whole grains
•Nuts
•legumes
![Page 24: 1. 2 1.Organic compounds necessary for: normal growth maintenance of health, Reproduction 2.Help the body convert carbohydrates and fat into energy an](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649dab5503460f94a99c06/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
24
•Also called folacin or folic acid
•Necessary for the body to produce normal red blood cells and for the biochemical reactions of cells in the production of energy
•Prenatal development- brain stem
![Page 25: 1. 2 1.Organic compounds necessary for: normal growth maintenance of health, Reproduction 2.Help the body convert carbohydrates and fat into energy an](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649dab5503460f94a99c06/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
25
•Wheat germ
•Wheat bran
•Yeast
• leafy green vegetables
•Liver
•legumes
![Page 26: 1. 2 1.Organic compounds necessary for: normal growth maintenance of health, Reproduction 2.Help the body convert carbohydrates and fat into energy an](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649dab5503460f94a99c06/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
26
•Essential in the breakdown of carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins in the body.
Sources:
•Liver ,kidneys, egg yolk
•Vegetables
•Fruits (especially bananas, grapefruit,
watermelon, and strawberries)
![Page 27: 1. 2 1.Organic compounds necessary for: normal growth maintenance of health, Reproduction 2.Help the body convert carbohydrates and fat into energy an](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649dab5503460f94a99c06/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
27
Aids in the metabolism of fat and the formation of cholesterol and hormones. Sources:
•All plant and animal tissues
•Liverwurst, meats, poultry, egg yolk
•Wheat germ and rice germ, oatmeal,
•Tomato paste, sweet potatoes , milk
![Page 28: 1. 2 1.Organic compounds necessary for: normal growth maintenance of health, Reproduction 2.Help the body convert carbohydrates and fat into energy an](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649dab5503460f94a99c06/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
28
Needed to help nervous tissues function normally
To maintain the health of the skin and red blood cells
Participate in the metabolism of proteins, carbohydrates, and fats.
Sources:
liver, lean meats, cereals, vegetables, and milk
![Page 29: 1. 2 1.Organic compounds necessary for: normal growth maintenance of health, Reproduction 2.Help the body convert carbohydrates and fat into energy an](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649dab5503460f94a99c06/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
29
![Page 30: 1. 2 1.Organic compounds necessary for: normal growth maintenance of health, Reproduction 2.Help the body convert carbohydrates and fat into energy an](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649dab5503460f94a99c06/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
30
Necessary in the development of normal growth, normal functioning of all body cells, metabolism of foliate and protection against pernicious anemia Found only in animal protein.
liver, clams, oysters, muscle meats, eggs, chicken, and milk.
![Page 31: 1. 2 1.Organic compounds necessary for: normal growth maintenance of health, Reproduction 2.Help the body convert carbohydrates and fat into energy an](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649dab5503460f94a99c06/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
31
•Aids in the formation of hemoglobin
•Helps fight infection
•Aids in healing of wounds
•Aids in the formation and maintenance of collagen
•Aids in the absorption of iron and calcium
![Page 32: 1. 2 1.Organic compounds necessary for: normal growth maintenance of health, Reproduction 2.Help the body convert carbohydrates and fat into energy an](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649dab5503460f94a99c06/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
32
![Page 33: 1. 2 1.Organic compounds necessary for: normal growth maintenance of health, Reproduction 2.Help the body convert carbohydrates and fat into energy an](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649dab5503460f94a99c06/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
33
•Citrus fruits
•Cantaloupe
•Strawberries
•Dark leafy green vegetables
•Broccoli
•Cabbage
•Green peppers
![Page 34: 1. 2 1.Organic compounds necessary for: normal growth maintenance of health, Reproduction 2.Help the body convert carbohydrates and fat into energy an](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649dab5503460f94a99c06/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
34
•Research continues into the role vitamins and minerals play in preventing chronic disease and in maintaining health and wellness.
•The RDA developed by the National Academy of Sciences, serve as a guideline for determining the amounts of nutrients a specific person needs each day.
![Page 35: 1. 2 1.Organic compounds necessary for: normal growth maintenance of health, Reproduction 2.Help the body convert carbohydrates and fat into energy an](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649dab5503460f94a99c06/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
35
![Page 36: 1. 2 1.Organic compounds necessary for: normal growth maintenance of health, Reproduction 2.Help the body convert carbohydrates and fat into energy an](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649dab5503460f94a99c06/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Minerals Functions:
• Helping enzymes complete chemical reactions• Becoming part of body components• Aiding normal nerve functioning and muscle
contraction• Promoting growth• Regulating acid-base balance in the body• Maintaining body fluid balance
36
![Page 37: 1. 2 1.Organic compounds necessary for: normal growth maintenance of health, Reproduction 2.Help the body convert carbohydrates and fat into energy an](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649dab5503460f94a99c06/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
How Minerals are classifiedMacrominerals (Major Minerals)Found in large amounts in the body
• Calcium• Phosphorus• Magnesium• Sulfur• Sodium• Potassium• Chloride
Microminerals (Trace Minerals)Found in small amounts in the body
• Iron• Zinc• Iodine• Fluoride• Copper• Chromium• Manganese• Molybdenum• Selenium
Electrolytes
![Page 38: 1. 2 1.Organic compounds necessary for: normal growth maintenance of health, Reproduction 2.Help the body convert carbohydrates and fat into energy an](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649dab5503460f94a99c06/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
• Needed for bone strength• Muscle contraction and relaxing• Transmit nerve impulses• Blood-clotting processes• Food Sources– Leafy green vegetables– Soft-boned fish– Milk and milk products– Fortified orange juice
38
![Page 39: 1. 2 1.Organic compounds necessary for: normal growth maintenance of health, Reproduction 2.Help the body convert carbohydrates and fat into energy an](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649dab5503460f94a99c06/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
39
•Just because an individual eats food containing calcium does not mean that the body absorbs the calcium•Factors that increase calcium absorption include:•an overall balanced diet
• intake of vitamins D and C
• intake of certain amino acids
![Page 40: 1. 2 1.Organic compounds necessary for: normal growth maintenance of health, Reproduction 2.Help the body convert carbohydrates and fat into energy an](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649dab5503460f94a99c06/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
40
Factors that decrease calcium absorption include:
• a vitamin D deficiency
• fat malabsorption
• eating large amounts of fiber
• lack exercise
• stress
• lactose deficiency or lactose intolerance
![Page 41: 1. 2 1.Organic compounds necessary for: normal growth maintenance of health, Reproduction 2.Help the body convert carbohydrates and fat into energy an](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649dab5503460f94a99c06/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Calcium: Deficiency and Toxicity
• About 25-30% of calcium you eat is absorbed.• Deficiency
Calcium deficiency is a major contributing factor in osteoporosis.
• Toxicity: UL is 2,500 milligrams Amounts above UL can contribute to calcium
deposits in kidneys and other organs
![Page 42: 1. 2 1.Organic compounds necessary for: normal growth maintenance of health, Reproduction 2.Help the body convert carbohydrates and fat into energy an](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649dab5503460f94a99c06/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Osteoporosis is a disease of bone that leads to an increased risk of fracture
• Being a female
• A diet low in dairy products or other sources of calcium and vitamin D
•inactive lifestyle
• Get enough calcium each day
• Get enough vitamin d each day
•Get moving
•Don’t smoke
![Page 43: 1. 2 1.Organic compounds necessary for: normal growth maintenance of health, Reproduction 2.Help the body convert carbohydrates and fat into energy an](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649dab5503460f94a99c06/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
• Helps build strong bones and teeth• Significant factor in all phases of calcium metabolism• Rarely lacking in our diet• High amounts can decrease calcium • Food sources– Protein-rich foods including milk, cheese, meats,
legumes, eggs– Peas, potatoes, raisins avacados
43
![Page 44: 1. 2 1.Organic compounds necessary for: normal growth maintenance of health, Reproduction 2.Help the body convert carbohydrates and fat into energy an](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649dab5503460f94a99c06/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
• Helps the lungs, nerves and heart to function• Helps the body to release energy• Involved in enzymatic reactions in the body• Food Sources:– Leafy green vegetables, potatoes, legumes,
seafood, nuts, dairy and whole-grain products
44
![Page 45: 1. 2 1.Organic compounds necessary for: normal growth maintenance of health, Reproduction 2.Help the body convert carbohydrates and fat into energy an](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649dab5503460f94a99c06/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
45
Work together to:
•Regulate the flow of fluids in the body
•Help regulate the nervous system
•Help regulate the muscle functions, including heart
•Help regulate nutrient absorption in the cells
![Page 46: 1. 2 1.Organic compounds necessary for: normal growth maintenance of health, Reproduction 2.Help the body convert carbohydrates and fat into energy an](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649dab5503460f94a99c06/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
46
•Sodium and Chloride:
•Table salt
•Potassium:
•Meats,
•Milk,
•Bananas,
•Leafy green vegetables, and citrus fruits.
![Page 47: 1. 2 1.Organic compounds necessary for: normal growth maintenance of health, Reproduction 2.Help the body convert carbohydrates and fat into energy an](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649dab5503460f94a99c06/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Sources of Sodium• Salt – sodium chloride• Processed foods:
– Canned, cured, and/or smoked meats and fish such as bacon, ham
– Many cheeses, esp. processed cheese
– Canned veggies, etc.– Frozen convenience foods– Dried soup mixes– Foods in brine
• Certain seasonings: salt, soy sauce, Worcestershire sauce, etc.
![Page 48: 1. 2 1.Organic compounds necessary for: normal growth maintenance of health, Reproduction 2.Help the body convert carbohydrates and fat into energy an](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649dab5503460f94a99c06/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
48
Found primarily in the blood, where it combines with protein to form hemoglobin
• Sources:
•Liver/organ meats, egg yolks,
•dried legumes, shellfish,
•leafy green vegetable, enriched breads
•Heme Iron-animal food sources Easily Absorbed
•Nonheme Iron- plant and animal products
![Page 49: 1. 2 1.Organic compounds necessary for: normal growth maintenance of health, Reproduction 2.Help the body convert carbohydrates and fat into energy an](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649dab5503460f94a99c06/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Functions of Iron
• Key component of hemoglobin – a part of red blood cells that carries oxygen to body’s cells
• Key component of myoglobin – a muscle protein that stores and carries oxygen that the muscles use to contract
• Works with many enzymes in energy metabolism• Used to make amino acids and certain hormones and
neurotransmitters• Part of enzymes found in leukocytes (immune
system)
![Page 50: 1. 2 1.Organic compounds necessary for: normal growth maintenance of health, Reproduction 2.Help the body convert carbohydrates and fat into energy an](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649dab5503460f94a99c06/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Iron Absorption (cont’d.)• Increase
absorption of nonheme iron:– Vitamin C– Meat– Poultry– Fish
• Decrease absorption of nonheme iron– Calcium– Substances found
in tea and coffee– Oxalic acid (in
spinach)– Phytic acid (in
grain fiber)
![Page 51: 1. 2 1.Organic compounds necessary for: normal growth maintenance of health, Reproduction 2.Help the body convert carbohydrates and fat into energy an](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649dab5503460f94a99c06/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Iron: Deficiency & Toxicity• Iron-deficiency anemia –a condition in which the size
and number of RBC are reduced, symptoms include:– Fatigue, pale skin, irritability– Loss of appetite – Decreased immune function– In kids – slow cognitive and social development– During pregnancy – increased risk of premature delivery,
LBW babies• Iron overload or hemochromatosis-extra iron builds up in
organs and damages them. Without treatment, the disease can cause these organs to fail.
![Page 52: 1. 2 1.Organic compounds necessary for: normal growth maintenance of health, Reproduction 2.Help the body convert carbohydrates and fat into energy an](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649dab5503460f94a99c06/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
52
Aids in body growth, healing wounds, affects the body’s storage and use of insulin
Sources:
•Seafood
•Read meats
•Grains, legumes and nuts
![Page 53: 1. 2 1.Organic compounds necessary for: normal growth maintenance of health, Reproduction 2.Help the body convert carbohydrates and fat into energy an](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649dab5503460f94a99c06/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
Zinc: Cofactor for Almost 100 Enzymes• Wound healing• Bone formation• DNA synthesis• Protein,
carbohydrate, and fat metabolism
• Development of sexual organs
• General tissue growth and maintenance
• Taste perception• Vitamin A activity• Protection of cell
membranes from free-radical attacks
• Storage and release of insulin
![Page 54: 1. 2 1.Organic compounds necessary for: normal growth maintenance of health, Reproduction 2.Help the body convert carbohydrates and fat into energy an](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649dab5503460f94a99c06/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
Zinc: Deficiency & Toxicity
• Deficiency: more likely in pregnant women, the young and elderly, and vegetarians
• Symptoms in adults: poor appetite, diarrhea, skin rash, hair loss.
• Symptoms in children: growth retardation, delayed sexual maturation, poor appetite, decreased taste, delayed wound healing.
• Toxicity: long-term intake of zinc over UL results in copper deficiency.
Avoid zinc supplements unless prescribed.
![Page 55: 1. 2 1.Organic compounds necessary for: normal growth maintenance of health, Reproduction 2.Help the body convert carbohydrates and fat into energy an](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649dab5503460f94a99c06/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
55
Necessary in the formation of hemoglobin and collagen
Sources:
•Organ Meats
•Seafood
•Seeds, nuts, and beans
![Page 56: 1. 2 1.Organic compounds necessary for: normal growth maintenance of health, Reproduction 2.Help the body convert carbohydrates and fat into energy an](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649dab5503460f94a99c06/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
56
Needed for the thyroid gland to produce thyroxin- necessary for oxidation rates of cells.
Sources:
Iodized salt, lobster, shrimp, oysters, and other seafood, Milk
![Page 57: 1. 2 1.Organic compounds necessary for: normal growth maintenance of health, Reproduction 2.Help the body convert carbohydrates and fat into energy an](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649dab5503460f94a99c06/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
Iodine• Required for normal thyroid gland functioning.• Thyroid gland makes 2 hormones that
– maintain a normal level of metabolism– are essential to normal growth and development– are essential to normal body temperature– are essential to protein synthesisHypothyroidism is the disease state in humans and animals caused by insufficient
production of thyroid hormone by the thyroid gland. Historically, iodine deficiency was the most common cause of hypothyroidism world-wide. The disease may also be caused by a lack of thyroid gland or a deficiency of hormones from either the hypothalamus or the pituitary.(summary slide later)
Hyperthyroidism is a condition in which an overactive thyroid gland is producing an excessive amount of thyroid hormones that circulate in the blood. ("Hyper" means "over" in Greek). Thyrotoxicosis is a toxic condition that is caused by an excess of thyroid hormones from any cause. Thyrotoxicosis can be caused by an excessive intake of thyroid hormone or by overproduction of thyroid hormones by the thyroid gland.
![Page 58: 1. 2 1.Organic compounds necessary for: normal growth maintenance of health, Reproduction 2.Help the body convert carbohydrates and fat into energy an](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649dab5503460f94a99c06/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
Iodine Deficiency• Hypothyroidism-inflammation of the thyroid gland
which leaves a large percentage of the cells of the thyroid damaged (or dead) and incapable of producing sufficient hormone.
• Simple goiter-is an increase in thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) in response to a defect in normal hormone synthesis within the thyroid gland.
• Cretinism – lack of thyroid secretion causes mental and physical retardation during fetal and later development
![Page 59: 1. 2 1.Organic compounds necessary for: normal growth maintenance of health, Reproduction 2.Help the body convert carbohydrates and fat into energy an](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649dab5503460f94a99c06/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
59
Needed to prevent tooth decay.
Sources:
Fluoridated drinking water, fluoridated toothpaste
Seafood, tea,fruits/veggies grown in areas where natural fluoride level in water is high.
![Page 60: 1. 2 1.Organic compounds necessary for: normal growth maintenance of health, Reproduction 2.Help the body convert carbohydrates and fat into energy an](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062715/56649dab5503460f94a99c06/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
Other Minerals
• Selenium- works with vitamin E as an antioxidant
• Chromium- works with insulin in glucose metabolism
• Manganese- helps many enzymes work• Molybdenum-essential part of several
enzymes