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ReviewReview

● Name the four functions of management.● What resources do managers manage?● What are the main levels of management?

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Classical PerspectiveClassical PerspectiveScientific ManagementScientific Management

Theory●Measure & OptimizeHistory●Frederic Taylor

– Classical scientific management leader– Studied and defined jobs– Tied wages to output

●Frank & Lilian Gilbreth– Defined standard procedures for jobs– Applied to family – “Cheaper by the Dozen”

●Gantt– Gantt chart

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Classical PerspectiveClassical PerspectiveAdministrative ManagementAdministrative Management

Theory●Focuses on managing total organization

– Identify the functions of management

History●Max Weber

– Organization theory– Bureaucracy

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Behavioral Management PerspectiveBehavioral Management PerspectiveHuman RelationsHuman Relations

Theory●Understand attitudes and behaviors

– Uses psychology●Numerous theories

History●Hawthorne Effect example

– Studied relationship of illumination to productivity

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Behavioral Management Perspective Behavioral Management Perspective Human Relations MovementHuman Relations Movement

● Theory X – People don’t like work and try to avoid it– Managers have to coerce employees– Managers have to direct

● Theory Y– Work is a natural part of people’s lives– People are internally motivated– People are committed subject to rewards

● Theory Z– People will be motivated to work if they are

included in the decision making– Empowered

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The Quantitative PerspectiveThe Quantitative Perspective

● Uses mathematical models to do decision making

● Does not account for all range of behavior

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The Systems PerspectiveThe Systems Perspective

● Looks beyond individuals and looks a entire systems

● Systems have inputs and outputs● Types of systems

– Open systems– Closed systems

● Synergy – when systems work better together than could alone

● Entropy – normal process leading a system to decline

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Contingency PerspectiveContingency Perspective

● Recognizes that there is no one best way to do things

● Best action depends upon the environment and circumstances

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Applied PerspectiveApplied Perspective

● Does not use theories but shows by example● Peters and Waterman – In Search of

Excellence● Michael Porter (Harvard)

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Organization CultureOrganization Culture

● What is it? – External factors

Political / legal customers Suppliers regulators

– Internal factors Owners employees

● Why is it important?● How does it affect work?

– E.g. a law office bills time to clients– E.g. Google allows employees 20% of their time to be used

on area of interest

Management in PracticeManagement in Practice

● Think of where you have worked

● Give examples of

1. Scientific management

2. Behavioral management

● Describe a corporate culture with which you are familiar

– What role does management have in creating the culture?

● Videos

– B&K – Geek Squad

– Boone Ch7 – Smart Design

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