07a1bs04-applied-chemistry

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Code No: 07A1BS04 Set No. 1

I B.Tech Regular Examinations, May/Jun 2008APPLIED CHEMISTRY

(Civil Engineering)Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80

Answer any FIVE QuestionsAll Questions carry equal marks

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1. Distinguish the following: [4+4+4+4]

(a) Hard water and soft water

(b) carbonate and non-carbonate hardness

(c) mg/litre and ppm(d) Sedimentation and filtration.

2. Distinguish between the following: [6+6+4]

(a) Scales and Sludges

(b) Soft water and demineralised water.

(c) Lime soda process and demineralization of water.

3. (a) What is oxidation corrosion and how does it take place? Describe the mecha-nism of oxidation corrosion.

(b) Describe the various factors influencing the rate of chemical corrosion. [8+8]

4. Explain in detail the various methods of Chemical conversion coatings. [16]

5. (a) How will you synthesis nylon 6,6 from 1,3 butadiene?

(b) Describe the method of preparation of polyester and mention its propertiesand uses.

(c) What is the repeating unit of [6+6+4]

i. natural rubber

ii. Teflon.

6. (a) Write short notes on

i. Thermal spalling

ii. Refractoriness under load.

(b) Describe the preparation, properties and uses of silica refractory bricks. [8+8]

7. (a) Give the functions of lubricants.

(b) Describe the mechanism of extreme pressure lubrication.

(c) How a viscous lubricant is converted into grease? [6+4+6]

8. What are the chemical constituents of Cement? Discuss the function of each con-

stituent. [16]

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1. Write short notes on the following: [4+4+4+4]

(a) Units of hardness of water

(b) Break point chlorination(c) Filtration of water

(d) Impurities in water.

2. (a) What are boiler scales? How their composition effects the boiler? What aretheir ill effects? Discuss the measures for their prevention.

(b) Compare the lime soda process with zeolite process of water softening. [8+8]

3. (a) What is meant by passivation? How passive oxide film is superior than naturaloxide film for controlling corrosion?

(b) Give suitable reasons:

i. Zn gets corroded vigorously when connected with Cu than with Fe

ii. Copper equipment should not possess a small steel bolt

iii. Small anodic area results in intense local corrosion. [8+8]

4. (a) Write short notes on chromizing

(b) How pH of an electrolyte affects electrodeposit?

(c) Explain the method of coating for protection of furnace parts. [6+4+6]

5. (a) Differentiate between elastomer and plastic.(b) Which rubbers are used in the preparation of automobile parts? Discuss their

manufacture and vulcanization. [6+10]

6. (a) Define Refractories and what are the criteria of a good refractory?

(b) Give the classification of refractories with suitable examples.[6+10]

7. (a) What are synthetic lubricants? How they are superior to petroleum basedlubricants?

(b) Define Grease? Under what conditions they are used as lubricants?(c) What is the effect of temperature on viscosity? Explain with an example.

[6+6+4]

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8. What are the chemical constituents of Cement? Discuss the function of each con-stituent. [16]

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1. Distinguish the following: [4+4+4+4]

(a) Hard water and soft water

(b) carbonate and non-carbonate hardness

(c) mg/litre and ppm

(d) Sedimentation and filtration.

2. (a) Discuss the disadvantages of using hard water for various industries.

(b) Explain the factors responsible for the corrosion of a boiler. Discuss the mea-sures for its prevention. [8+8]

3. (a) Describe how electrochemical properties are used in protecting submergedmetals from being corroded.

(b) Explain the corrosion of iron by dilute mineral acids. [8+8]

4. (a) List the differences between anodic coating and cathodic coating.

(b) How zinc coated on iron prevents corrosion?

(c) Explain sand blasting method of surface preparation? [8+4+4]

5. (a) Differentiate between LDPE & HDPE.

(b) What are the drawbacks of raw rubber?

(c) Write the repeating unit for the following: [4+8+4]

i. Nylon 6,6

ii. PVC.



7. (a) What is meant by blended oils? Explain the functions of various additivesadded to the lubricants?

(b) What are viscosity & viscosity index of lubricating oil? [12+4]

8. (a) Discuss the chemical and physical changes that occur during the setting of cement with relevant chemical equetions..

(b) Write a note on decay of cement concrete and its prevention. [10+6]

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1. Discuss briefly the following: [8+8]

(a) Estimation of hardness of water

(b) Dis-infection of water.

2. Write short notes on: [8+8]

(a) Ion-exchange method

(b) Scales and Sludges.

3. (a) Explain the following factors influencing the rate of corrosion.

i. Nature of corrosion product

ii. Position in electrochemical series

iii. pH.

(b) Differentiate between dry corrosion and wet corrosion. [8+8]4. (a) Explain the following:

i. Alkali Cleaning

ii. Mechanical cleaning.

(b) Describe the principles involved in electro plating.

(c) Anodized coating is preferred for Aluminium - Give Reasons. [8+4+4]

5. (a) Differentiate between elastomer and plastic.

(b) Which rubbers are used in the preparation of automobile parts? Discuss their

manufacture and vulcanization. [6+10]



7. (a) What is meant by blended oils? Explain the functions of various additivesadded to the lubricants?

(b) What are viscosity & viscosity index of lubricating oil? [12+4]

8. What are the chemical constituents of Cement? Discuss the function of each con-

stituent. [16]

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07a1bs04-applied-chemistry

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