071219 lesson plan for rescue device demonstration for cirt

Critical Incident Response Team Training Session B for 2007Lesson Plan for Rescue Device Demonstration

Duration of Instruction:

Total Time: 2 Hours

Training Version and Date:

Training Version Draft 1.0First Delivered: 8 February 2007Date Last Modified: 17 March 2007

Training Designer: Lt. Joe Serb #442Special Functions SectionCritical Incident Response Program CoordinatorNationally Licensed EMT-B

Structure of Instruction

This block of instruction demonstrates the use of a number of rescue tools which facilitate the removal of victims from hazardous areas such as those encountered at a Critical Incident or SWAT incident. This training session consists of an overview for emergency use only.

This training block consists of both lecture and demonstrations, as well as hands on practical demonstration by student volunteers.

Future versions of this training may include a Power Point presentation on the techniques demonstrated in the class.

References Used: Brady Emergency Care, 10th Edition © 2005 Prentice Hall (EMT-B Text Book) Limmer, Daniel and O’Keefe, Michael F.

The SKED Stretcher product instruction manual

Content Review: This instructional material has been submitted to the Chicago Fire Department Medical Services Section for review and comment.

Materials and Equipment

Red Sled rescue device by Bulldog Equipment SKED Stretcher system Various emergency rescue litters in use with the Program. Training mannequins

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Training Staffing This training requires staffing with members of the Special Functions Section who have completed training as EMT-B’s, which includes instruction and practical exercises in the safe movement of victims.

The ideal student instructor ration for this training is approximately six to one.

Lesson Goal Responders who attend this trainings should leave with a basic knowledge and practical skills in the proper techniques for the movement of victims from a hazardous environment, as well as counter-indications, or when officers should NOT to move a victim.

Learning Objectives

By the end of this class, the officers will:

1. have a basic understanding of the conditions which would indicate that a victim should be immediately moved from an unsafe area without waiting for the Chicago Fire Department Emergency Medical Services.

2. understand that the situations where a police officer should move a patient are limited to instances where the danger of remaining at that location are greater then the risk of movement, such as when a victim is within a hazardous materials hot zone or in the line of fire at a SWAT incident.

3. have a working knowledge of the various emergency movement devices in use with the Critical Incident Response Program.

have a basic knowledge of the techniques and body mechanics they must use to minimize the chances of injury to the rescuer while lifting or moving a victim.

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Instructor Notes:

The following is a break down of the various sections of the class to be covered by the officer administering the training.

Exclusions: Prior to the beginning of the class all students should be reminded that any officer who has cardiac conditions, pre-existing back injuries, or other medical problems should not participate in the practical exercises to be done in this class. Active participation is not necessary for completion of this class.

After covering this, ask for volunteers to participate in this portion of the class. Consider identify the volunteers with a tag or tape, so only those who volunteer will be called upon to participate in the demonstrations.

Questions: In order to cover all the material necessary for lecture prior to device

demonstration and hands on training, the following questions should be asked and answered for the class.

Question:When should the Red Sled, SKED and flexible stretchers be used to move a victim?

Answer: Only when the circumstances necessitate the rapid movement of a victim out of an area very rapidly. This may be the case when the victim is down in an area where there is a continued risk of further injury such as in an area subject to gunfire or contamination by hazardous materials. The use of these devices is intended to make emergency move of a patient possible.

Question:What is an emergency move?

Answer: An emergency move is the movement of a patient which is necessitated by one of three reasons:

1.) The scene is hazardous

2.) care of life-threatening conditions requires repositioning (as when you have to move someone to perform CPR).

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3.) You must reach other patients.

Question: What dangers are associated with moving a patient with an emergency move?

Answer:The greatest danger to the patient in an emergency move is that a spine injury may be aggravated.

Question: How do you move a patient with a suspected spine injury?

Answer:A patient with suspected spine injury must have his head, neck, and spine immobilized before being moved. If a person is unconscious, it should be assumed that the victim may have a head, neck or spinal injury. If there is any possibility of a spinal injury, the patient should only be moved for one of the three reasons listed above.

Question: What is the optimal number of rescuers for a move?

Answer:The ideal number depends on the device used. As a general rule when lifting or carrying as opposed to using a drag, use two, four or six rescuers. Never use a third on the side as the patient may

become unstable and be dropped.

Instructional Point: Body mechanics:

The use of proper body mechanics allows for the most effective movement of a victim, while allowing the rescuer to minimize their chance of injury during the move. Points to remember when making the move include:

Keep your back in a locked-in position

Avoid twisting while reaching

Avoid reaching more than 15-20 inches in front of your body

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Instructional Point: When pushing or pulling:

Push, rather then pull, whenever possible

Keep your back locked in

Keep the line of pull through the center of your body by bending your knees.

Instructional Point: Lifting together

When ever two or more rescuers are lifting a victim with any device, the lift should be done on the count of three to ensure that all rescuers lift the victim at the same time.

The person directing the lift should always be one of the rescuers located at the head of the victim.

Flexible stretcher demonstration:

Move the victim into the recovery position

Place stretcher under edge of patient

Roll patient onto the stretcher

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Figure 1Victim in recovery position about to be rolled onto flexible strecher

Lift the patient together on the call (3-2-1-lift) of one of the rescuers at the victims head.

Figure 2 students prepare to lift on the leaders count

SKED demonstration

Move the victim into the recovery position

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Figure 3 Victim in the recovery position about to be rolled onto the SKED

Place stretcher under edge of patient

Move patient onto the open SKED

Attach straps with clips

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Figure 4 Straps are never above the midd-chest, where they can move upwards and choke the victim. Students are using an "X" patern for the chest and direct strapping for lower restraints.

Demonstrate drag

Figure 5 Drag is done keeping the body in line to prevent twisting the rescuers back.

Demonstrate lift

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Figure 6 Rescue team lifts on the leaders count. Lift is done with the legs keeping the back straight, facing the SKED.

Red Sled Demonstration

Cover spinal injury again

Cover seated victim wearing SCBA placement into the Red Sled

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Figure 7 SCBA is placed into the opening of the Red Sled, which is lowered with the victim as a unit.

Cover transfer of a flexible stretcher or SKED onto Red Sled

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Figure 8 The entire SKED is placed on the Red Sled with the arms extended and the nylon supports installed between the extension arms. The Red Sled straps are then tightened to secure the SKED with the victim.

Two person lift (head and knees)

Figure 9 The lift is done with the legs keeping the back straight. This is only done

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when a large obstacle has to be crossed.

Cover placement of straps, stressing not to place straps over upper chest where they can choke the victim.

Other techniques to demonstrate:

Time allowing, demonstrate the following rescue techniques which can be employed without equipment.

One and Two rescuer assist:

USE: for semi-ambulatory victim

Place patient’s arm around your neck, grasping their hand in yours. Place your other arm around the patients waist. Help the patient walk to safety. Be prepared to change movement technique if the level of danger increases. Be sure to communicate with the patient about obstacles, uneven terrain and so on.

This technique can be done by either one or two rescuers. Demonstrated to class

Figure 10 front view showing victims arm position.

Figure 11 back view. Note rescurer grabs the victims belt or pants to support him, not the shirt.

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Clothes Drag USE: for unconscious victim who, if not moved, will be in danger. Provides greater spinal stability then a carry. Also beneficial when it is safer to remain closer to the ground.

Drag in line with the body from the head, maintaining as much spinal stability as possible. Use the forearms to stabilize the head.

Demonstrated to class

Figure 12 Grasping the clothing near the neck allows the forarms to support the victims head.

Shoulder Drag USE: for unconscious victims who, if not moved, will be in danger. Note: provides very little spinal stability.

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Arms under the shoulder, maintaining as much spinal stability as possible.


Figure 13 Grasp the SCBA straps or vest shoulder straps and drag with the rescuers back straight. As with the shoulder drag, the forearms can help support the victims head.

Foot Drag USE: for unconscious victim who, if not moved, will be in danger. Provides some spinal stability when moving in a straight line.

Drag keeping the body in line to maintain as much spinal stability as possible. Take care not to bump the patients head.


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Figure 14 Foot drag with victims arms extended keeps the neck and spine at least somewhat in line. DO NOT SWAY BACK AND FORTH WHILE MOVING.

Firefighters carry USE: for more rapid movement of a victim who, if not moved, will be in danger. Allows for more rapid extraction by a single rescuer but provides no spinal stabilization.

Place your feet against the victims feet and pull the patient toward you with both hands. Duck and pull the victim across your shoulders keeping hold of one wrist. Use the free arm to reach between the victims legs and grasp the thigh. The weight of the patient should be on your shoulders with your back straight.

This carry is more effective if the patient is being moved from a chair, is being lifted by another rescuer or is able to assist by standing.


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Figure 15 Load the victim onto your shoulders from a chair or with assistance. Keep your back in line and lift with the legs. It is advisable to use one hand on a wall or other support during the lift.

Draw Sheet Method USE: for movement of a victim when there are four or more rescuers and a sheet or blanket is available, or for transfer to another rescue device. Provides no spinal stabilization.

Place the victim on the sheet or blanket and roll the edges toward the victim. The victim is then picked up by all four rescuers at the same time.


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Figure 16 Material is rolled overhand snugly to the victim to avoid slippage.

SCBA of Ballistic Vest Drag

USE: for the immediate movement of a downed fire fighter or police officer. Provides for rapid movement but no spinal stabilization.

One or two rescuers grasp the shoulder straps of the SCBA or edges of the vest at the shoulders and drags the victim. Take care to maintain the airway of the victim during the move.


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Training Development, alterations and changes:

Date Notation19 December 2007 Change of unit name from Special Operation Section to Special Functions Section.15-17 March 2007 Addition of more photos and captions added to all photos. Listed as draft 1.2 to

denote changes in photos and captions. Future revisions will carry similar revision number changes.

14 March 2007 Addition of training designer line, date information and re-ordering of training development alterations and changes section. Draft update submitted to CFD for review and comment. Draft still listed as 1.0.

7 March 2007 Minor editing and addition of demonstration photos from first 5 classes. Still listed as draft 1.0

12 February 2007 Draft 1.0 Refinement of content into formal lesson plan for review, comment, and submission for approval and issuance of class code.

8 February 2007 Delivery of conceptual class as a component of CIRT-B for 2007 to CIRT-B for 2007 Class group 1.

5 February 2007 Formalization of concept for class for delivery to trial class using Brady Emergency Care 10th Edition and past training experience.

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071219 lesson plan for rescue device demonstration for cirt

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