040413 tkbt anchor equipment

8/10/2019 040413 TKBT Anchor equipment

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Anchor equipment // Product range

Safety in construction.

ThyssenKrupp Bautechnik


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Types of anchorage

We distinguish between anchors and piles depending on their

design. Port and harbour structures, especially quay walls, are

frequently subjected to high tensile forces and therefore needdriven anchor piles. ThyssenKrupp Bautechnik has for many years

been an acknowledged partner for anchor equipment in many

major international projects. Our product portfolio includes the

following systems:

Anchorages with anchors

Anchors with anchor plates/walls (dead man construction)

These anchorage designs consist of round steel tie rods installed

horizontally and fixed to an anchor wall or anchor plate in the

ground. The load-carrying capacity of such anchors is limited by

the earth pressure that can be mobilised in front of the anchor

plate or wall. Both the threaded and the plain parts of the tie rodmust be checked. For practical reasons, a tie rod < 1 inch

diameter should not be chosen.> For further information see EAU 2012* section 8.2.7 (R 20)

Ground anchors

Ground anchors consist of a steel tendon surrounded by a body

of grout. The tensile forces are either transferred continuously

from the steel tendon to the body of grout (bonded anchor) or they

are transferred via a tube in compression embedded in the grout

(duplex anchor). Both systems exploit skin friction to transfer the

forces to the ground. The steel tendon must be able to deform

freely within a casing so that the ground anchor can be pre-stressed. Tendons (in tension) can be in the form of threaded

rods or prestressing wire.

Ground anchors are normally installed in drilled holes, formed with

or without the help of a drilling/flushing fluid. A casing is inserted

to the full depth of the hole and then the steel tendon inserted.

A cement grout is forced in via grouting lines as the casing is with-

drawn. The drilled hole is flushed out above the design length of

the body of grout and filled in order to avoid creating a structural

bond between the wall being anchored and the anchoring body of

grout. Specific multi-stage grouting can burst open a body of grout

that has already set and force this against the soil, which mobilises

much higher skin friction values. Ground anchors are covered by

DIN EN 1537.

Retractable raking anchors

Retractable raking anchors are used with quay walls that are built

directly in the water. The tension element is in the form of a steel

section that is welded to an anchor plate. This element can be

rotated at the anchor head/wall connection detail. It is attached to

the wall while suspended from a crane and subsequently lowered

into position. The resistance of this design is not activated until

the space behind the wall is backfilled, and is made up of the

horizontal earth pressure and the vertical weight of the soil on

the anchor plate.> For further information see EAU 2012 section 9.4

Anchorages with micropiles

Micropiles (diameter 300 mm)

The term micropile covers various non-prestressed, small-diameter

piles that transfer the tensile forces into the soil by way of skin

friction. Their design and installation is covered by DIN EN 14199in conjunction with DIN SPEC 18539. We distinguish between

drilled injection piles, tubular grouted piles and cast-in-place

concrete piles. The drilled injection pile has a continuous, prefab-

ricated steel tendon with a rolled thread. Like a ground anchor it

is inserted into a drilled hole that is then filled with cement grout

over its full depth. The standardised thread at the head of the pile

results in straightforward connection details for sheet piles and

reinforced concrete walls.

The TITAN micropile, which belongs to the group of tubular grouted

piles, has a steel tendon in the form of a ribbed hollow steel bar,

which serves as both sacrificial drilling rod and injection tube. Radialjets ensue at the tip of the drilling rod to cut away the soil and at

the same time fill the resulting hole with grout. In this system it is

not necessary to insert the steel tendon after drilling the hole nor

withdraw a casing. In soft soils, ground with a high water table or

weathered rock, where the drilled hole would collapse, a casing is

unnecessary because a bentonite slurry can be used to keep the

hole open. The dynamic injection of cement slurry directly after

drilling results in a mechanical interlock between body of grout and

soil. The good shear bond means that only minor deformations of

the pile head ensue under service loads.> For further information see EAU 2012 section 9.3

Anchor equipment.Types of anchorage.

Irrespective of the type of anchor, we make a fundamental distinction betweentwo anchor functions: temporary anchors, used for a maximum of two years, andpermanent anchors, which have to satisfy higher demands regarding corrosion.

* Recommendations of the Committee for Waterfront Structures, Harbours and Waterways


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Driven piles

Various steel sections and precast concrete piles can be used

as anchor piles. These piles carry the tensile forces on their sur-

face by way of skin friction. They are mainly used for quay wall

structures where high tensile forces occur. Steel piles enable a

straightforward welded connection between pile and retaining

wall structure. Driven piles at relatively shallow angles are guided

by leaders. Slow-action hammers are preferred to rapid-action

equipment. In the case of raking anchor piles, settlement due to

backfilling, relieving excavations or the installation of further piles

behind the sheet piling can lead to loads at an angle to the axis

of the pile. These additional deformations cause an increase in

the stresses in the pile, which in some circumstances means that

the maximum axial force occurs not at the head of the pile but

behind the sheet piling. This must be taken into account when

designing the piles and the connection to the wall.> For further information regarding the design and driving of piles see EAU 2012

section 9 (R 217)

Driven pile with grouted skin

This type of pile consists of a steel section with a special driving

shoe that cuts a prismatic void in the soil during driving. Cement

grout is injected into this at the same time as driving, which results

in a bond between pile, grout and soil. This bond achieves skin

friction values that are three to five times higher than with a non-grouted pile.> For further information see EAU 2012 section 9.2 (R 217)

Vibratory-driven grouted pile

This type of pile is usually in the form of a steel H-section (e.g.

IPB or similar). The toe of such a pile is widened with welded web

and flange plates. As the pile is vibrated into the ground, these

plates displace the soil and create a corresponding void into

which a cement suspension is injected in order to increase the

skin friction of the pile.> For further information see EAU 2012 section 9.2 (R 217)

Jet-grouted piles

This is a bored pile with an enlarged toe. A steel section is used

for the tension member. At the base of the pile the soil is cut awaywith a high-pressure water jet and mixed with mortar.> For further information see EAU 2012 section 9.4

Loadbearing capacities

The loadbearing capacities of anchors and piles are essentially

determined by the force transfer between steel tendon and soil.

This is achieved either by enlarging the anchor, e.g. by means

of an anchor plate (round steel tie rod, retractable raking anchor)

or a body of grout (jet-grouted pile) or via skin friction (driven

pile, micropile, pressure-grouted pile, pile with grouted skin).

The loadbearing capacities of horizontal round steel tie rods can

be calculated from the maximum earth pressure that can be

mobilised in front of the anchor wall before the anchoring soilfails. The pull-out resistance is much higher for systems installed

at a steeper angle (retractable raking anchor, jet-grouted pile).

Resistances of 4 to 5 MN can be achieved with jet-grouted piles.> For further information see EAU 2012 section 8.2.7 (R 20)


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Round steel tie rods.The solution for sheet piles.

An anchorage employing round steel tie rods represents an economic, adaptable solutionfor securing sheet piles. The forces acting on the wall are transferred via a waling to theround steel tie rod and then to the anchor plates or walls. Structural and constructionalrequirements dictate the choice and design of an anchorage.


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Critical for the design are the reaction A and the analysis of the

lower slip plane, both of which result from the structural calcula-

tions for the sheet piles. A waling transfers the forces acting on the

sheet piles to the anchors. At the same time, it serves to align and

stiffen the wall. The anchor transfers the reaction due to the sheet

piles via the waling to the anchorage. The task of the anchorage is

to transfer the forces from the main wall to the subsoil.

If an additional support is required at the top of sheet piles to meet

structural and constructional requirements, this can be achieved

for trenches or smaller excavations by supporting the piles off the

opposite side with struts. However, tying back is necessary in

many cases.

Round steel tie rods are preferably installed horizontally or with only

a shallow inclination because otherwise with a deep anchor wall

large quantities of soil must be excavated for the connection to the

anchorage. The length required for the round steel tie rod results

from the analysis of the lower slip plane. The depth of the anchor

plate is established by verifying the safety against failure of the soil

in front of the plate.

Anchorage elements and accessories

Upon request, we can supply a complete package for sheet piling

structures, consisting of the supply and installation of all the

anchorage elements and accessories required. Besides anchors

and anchor components, anchor connection fittings, walings

and waling fixings, our range also includes sheet pile cappings,

recesses, ladders, grab bars, bollards and custom components.

Applications

Cofferdams

Ports and harbours

Waterways Locks

Advantages

Optimum transfer of tensile forces

Better dispersion of bending moments thanks to

excellent elasticity

Longer lengths created with the help of couplers or turnbuckles

Minimal surface for corrosion

Can be cut to exactly the right length

Steel sheet pile

Waling bracket

Waling connectionwith universal joint

Eye rod

Rear end plate

+ nut

Waling

Turnbuckle

Anchor extension

Coupler

Anchor wall

Round steel tie rod components and connecting elements

>RECEN PROJECS Duisburg, Germany: port works, Parallelhafen // Duisburg, Germany: Logport II // Essen, Germany: ThyssenKrupp headquarters //

Minden, Germany: River Weser locks // Haifa, Israel: port works // Vlissingen, Netherlands: port works, Scaldiahaven


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Round steel tie rods.Anchorage elements and accessories.

Round steel tie rods to EAU 2012, R 20 (based on DIN EN 1993-5)

Anchor with upset ends rolled thread

Nominal size inch 1 1 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 6

Diameter D mm 38 45 50 58 63 70 75 83 90 95 100 110 115 120 125 130 140 145 150

Permissibledesign resistance

kN: with

upset ends

S 355 185 248 328 417 530 635 773 908 1076 1231 1425 1616 1833 2045 2289 2530 2796 3056 3367ASF 500 259 347 460 583 742 888 1083 1272 1506 1723 1994 2262 2566 2864 3205 3542 3914 4279 4714

ASF 600 333 447 591 750 955 1142 1392 1635 1936 2215 2564 2908 3300 3682 4120 4554 5032 5502 6061

core mm 32.7 37.9 43.6 49.1 55.4 60.6 66.9 72.5 78.9 84.4 90.8 96.7 103.0 108.8 115.1 121.0 127.2 133.0 139.6

shaft mm 35.0 41.0 38.0 45.0 50.0 52.0 58.0 65.0 70.0 75.0 80.0 83.0 90.0 95.0 100.0 105.0 110.0 115.0 120.0

Acore cm2 8.4 11.3 14.9 18.9 24.1 28.8 35.2 41.3 48.9 55.9 64.8 73.4 83.3 93.0 104.0 115.0 127.1 138.9 153.1

Ag cm2 9.6 13.2 11.3 15.9 19.6 21.2 26.4 33.2 38.5 44.2 50.3 54.1 63.6 70.9 78.5 86.6 95.0 103.9 113.1

Weight kg/m 7.6 10.4 8.9 12.5 15.4 16.7 20.7 26.0 30.2 34.7 39.5 42.5 49.9 55.6 61.7 68.0 74.6 81.5 88.8

Nominal size inch 1 1 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 6

Diameter D mm 38 45 50 58 63 70 75 83 90 95 100 110 115 120 125 130 140 145 150

Permissible

design resistance

kN: without

upset ends

S 355 185 248 328 417 530 635 773 908 1076 1231 1425 1616 1833 2045 2289 2530 2796 3056 3367

ASF 500 259 347 460 583 742 888 1083 1272 1506 1723 1994 2262 2566 2864 3205 3542 3914 4279 4714

ASF 600 333 447 591 750 955 1142 1392 1635 1936 2215 2564 2908 3300 3682 4120 4554 5032 5502 6061

core mm 32.7 37.9 43.6 49.1 55.4 60.6 66.9 72.5 78.9 84.4 90.8 96.7 103.0 108.8 115.1 121.0 127.2 133.0 139.6

shaft mm 35.0 41.0 47.0 53.0 59.0 65.0 71.0 77.0 83.0 89.0 96.0 102.0 108.0 114.0 121.0 127.0 133.0 139.0 145.0

Acore cm2 8.4 11.3 14.9 18.9 24.1 28.8 35.2 41.3 48.9 55.9 64.8 73.4 83.3 93.0 104.0 115.0 127.1 138.9 153.1

Ag cm2 9.6 13.2 17.3 22.1 27.3 33.2 39.6 46.6 54.1 62.2 72.4 81.7 91.6 102.1 115.0 126.7 138.9 151.7 165.1

Weight kg/m 7.6 10.4 13.6 17.3 21.5 26.0 31.1 36.6 42.5 48.8 56.8 64.1 71.9 80.1 90.3 99.4 109.1 119.1 129.6

Anchor without upset ends rolled thread

The design resistances are calculated using the following two equations taken from EAU 2012, R 20,

for the shaft and core cross-sections:

Ftg,Rd

=perm.Rd1 Shaft cross-section: Ag fy,k/ gM0 where gM0 =1.00

Ftt,Rd

=perm. Rd2 Corecross-section: kt Acore fua,k/ gM2 where gM2 =1.25 kt=0.55

The smaller of Rd1

or Rd2

governs!

Verication that Zd< Rd for ultimate limit state to EAU 2012, R 20:

Zd: design value of anchor force Zd = ZG,K gG +ZQ,k gQ fy,k: yield stressRd: design resistance of anchor Rd = min [F tt,Rd; F tg,Rd] fua,k: tensile strength

Ag: cross-sectional area in shaft zone gM0: partial safety factor to DIN EN 1993-5 for anchor shaft

Acore: area of core cross-section in threade d zone gM2: partial safety factor to DIN EN 1993-5 for threaded portion

kt: notch factor to EAU 2012, R 20

The yield stress and tensile s trength can be confrmed by works certifcates. All calculations and values are to be checked by the customer.

fy,k fua,kS 355 355 500 N/mm2

ASF 500 500 700 N/mm2

ASF 600 600 900 N/mm2


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Nominal size Metrisch 39 45 52 56 64 72 76 85 90 95 100 110 115 120 125 130 140 145 150

Diameter D mm 39 45 52 56 64 72 76 85 90 95 100 110 115 120 125 130 140 145 150

Permissibledesign

resistance

kN

S 355 211 282 381 440 579 750 845 1076 1217 1366 1522 1863 2048 2240 2440 2651 3095 3331 3575ASF 500 296 394 533 616 810 1050 1183 1506 1703 1913 2131 2609 2867 3135 3416 3711 4334 4663 5005

ASF 600 380 507 685 792 1041 1350 1521 1936 2190 2459 2740 3354 3687 4031 4392 4772 5572 5995 6435

core min. mm 33.7 39.0 45.4 48.7 56.1 64.1 68.1 77.1 82.1 87.1 92.0 102.0 107.0 112.0 117.0 122.0 132.0 137.0 142.0

ank min. mm 36.1 41.8 48.4 52.1 59.7 67.7 71.7 80.7 85.7 90.7 95.7 105.7 110.7 115.7 120.7 125.7 135.7 140.7 145.7

shaft mm 38.0 38.0 38.0 45.0 50.0 52.0 58.0 65.0 70.0 75.0 80.0 83.0 90.0 95.0 100.0 105.0 110.0 115.0 120.0

As cm2 9.6 12.8 17.3 20.0 26.3 34.1 38.4 48.9 55.3 62.1 69.2 84.7 93.1 101.8 110.9 120.5 140.7 151.4 162.5

Ag cm2 11.3 11.3 11.3 15.9 19.6 21.2 26.4 33.2 38.5 44.2 50.3 54.1 63.6 70.9 78.5 86.6 95.0 103.9 113.1

Weight kg/m 8.9 8.9 8.9 12.5 15.4 16.7 20.7 26.0 30.2 34.7 39.5 42.5 49.9 55.6 61.7 68.0 74.6 81.5 88.8

Round steel tie rods to Eurocode 3 (to DIN EN 1993-5)

Anchor with upset ends rolled thread

Nominal size metric 39 45 52 56 64 72 76 85 90 95 100 110 115 120 125 130 140 145 150

Diameter D mm 39 45 52 56 64 72 76 85 90 95 100 110 115 120 125 130 140 145 150

Permissible

design

resistance

kN

S 355 211 282 381 440 579 750 845 1076 1217 1366 1522 1863 2048 2240 2440 2651 3095 3331 3575

ASF 500 296 394 533 616 810 1050 1183 1506 1703 1913 2131 2609 2867 3135 3416 3711 4334 4663 5005

ASF 600 380 507 685 792 1041 1350 1521 1936 2190 2459 2740 3354 3687 4031 4392 4772 5572 5995 6435

core min. mm 33.7 39.0 45.4 48.7 56.1 64.1 68.1 77.1 82.1 87.1 92.0 102.0 107.0 112.0 117.0 122.0 132.0 137.0 142.0

ank min. mm 36.1 41.8 48.4 52.1 59.7 67.7 71.7 80.7 85.7 90.7 95.7 105.7 110.7 115.7 120.7 125.7 135.7 140.7 145.7

shaft mm 36.0 42.0 48.5 52.0 60.0 68.0 72.0 81.0 86.0 91.0 96.0 106.0 111.0 116.0 121.0 126.0 136.0 141.0 146.0

As cm2 9.6 12.8 17.3 20.0 26.3 34.1 38.4 48.9 55.3 62.1 69.2 84.7 93.1 101.8 110.9 120.5 140.7 151.4 162.5

Ag cm2 10.2 13.9 18.5 21.2 28.3 36.3 40.7 51.5 58.1 65.0 72.4 88.2 96.8 105.7 115.0 124.7 145.3 156.1 167.4

Weight kg/m 8.0 10.9 14.5 16.7 22.2 28.5 32.0 40.5 45.6 51.1 56.8 69.3 76.0 83.0 90.3 97.9 114.0 122.6 131.4

Anchor without upset ends rolled thread

Verication that Zd< Rdfor the ultimate limit state to DIN EN 1993-5:

Zd: design value of anchor force Zd = ZG,K gG +ZQ,k gQRd: design resistance of anchor Rd = min [F tt,Rd; F tg,Rd]

Ag: cross-sectional area in shaft zone

As: tensile stress area in threade d portio n [stress = (core, min+ ank, min )/2] to DIN EN 1993-5

The design resistances are calculated using the following two equations (DIN EN 1993-5) for t he shaft

and core cross-sections:

Ftg,Rd

=perm.Rd1 Shaft cross-section: Ag fy/ gM0 where gM0=1.00

Ftt,Rd

=perm. Rd2 Stressed cross-section: kt As fua/ gM2 where gM2=1.25 kt=0.55

fy fuaS 355 355 500 N/mm2

ASF 500 500 700 N/mm2

ASF 600 600 900 N/mm2

Round steel tie rods.Anchorage elements and accessories.

fy: yield stressfua: tensile strength

gM0: partial safety factor to DIN EN 1993-5 for anchor shaft

gM2

: partial safety factor to DIN EN 1993-5 for threaded portion

kt: notch factor to DIN EN 1993-5 /NA

The yield stress and tensile st rength can be confrmed by works cer tifcates. All c alculations and values are to be checked by the customer.


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The number of containers being shipped worldwide has been on the increase formany years. This results in much higher bending moments and anchor forces whendesigning sheet piles and their anchorage elements for new quay facilities.

TK-ASF drilled injection pile is the name of the new micropile

that ThyssenKrupp Bautechnik has developed in collaboration

with specialist civil engineering contractors.

The advantages of the TK-ASF injection pile are its low deform-

ations and excellent robustness. The use of easy-to-process

steel grades results in high load reserves between yield stress

and ultimate tensile strength amounting to approx. 2530%. This

safety concept makes the system especially attractive to clients

and engineers. A National Technical Approval has been applied

for (testing and certification by the German Institute of Building

Technology, DIBt, Berlin).

Manufactured to DIN EN 14199:2012-01 in conjunction with

DIN SPEC 18539:2012-01, this micropile can be supplied with

and without upset ends in lengths of up to 32 m ex works.

They can be combined by welding or with couplers to form

any required length.

Micropile.NEW: TK-ASF drilled injection pile system.

Applications

Anchorages in marine and specialist

civil engineering applications

Tension and compression piles

Anchorages for canal upgrades / extensions

Advantages

High anchor loading capacities (Rt,kup to 7930 kN)

Use of easy-to-process structural steels to DIN 10025-2,

with yield strengths from 355 to 500 N/mm2

Low deformations and excellent robustness thanks to

high load reserves

Simple corrosion protection through alkaline environment

Easily adapted for connecting to common elements (anchor

plates, turnbuckles, couplers, eye rods, universal joints, etc.)

For use in cohesive and friable soils

Available with and without upset ends (to DIN EN 1993-5),

also in long lengths The simplicity of the design according to the acknowledged

standards of steel hydraulic engineering makes it easier for

engineers to specify this system in their tenders

Nominal size inch 2 2 3* 3* 4* 4* 4 5 5 6

Diameter D mm 50 63 75 90 100 110 115 125 140 150

core mm 42.9 54.7 66.2 78.1 90.0 95.8 102.2 114.4 126.5 138.8

ank mm 46.8 59.0 71.1 83.4 95.7 101.8 108.1 120.6 133.0 145.4

Thread Astress cm 15.8 25.4 37.0 51.3 67.7 76.7 86.9 108.4 132.2 158.6

without upset ends, characteris tic resistance Rt,k kN 790 1269 1851 2563 3385 3835 4344 5418 6609 7930

without upset ends, design resistance Rt,d kN 687 1104 1609 2229 2943 3335 3777 4711 5747 6896

Weight kg/m 13.6 21.5 31.1 42.5 56.8 64.1 71.9 90.3 109.1 129.6

* National Technical Approval applied for

Permissible design resistances to EC7-1 section 7

Round steel tie rods (Whitworth thread) / steel grade ASF 500/700

>RECEN PROJECSDuisburg, Germany: Logport // Duisburg, Germany: port works, Parallelhafen // Duisburg, Germany: port works, Rheinkai //

Frankfurt, Germany: port works, Osthafen // Riesa, Germany: port works // Bremerhaven, Germany: new port // Ludwigshafen, Germany:

port works // Essen, Germany: port works // Bonn, Germany: port works, Rheinhafen


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Hinged connection at sheet pile

Spherical collar nut

n p a e w sp er ca recess

Outer tube to suit rake of pile

Steel inner tube

Corrosion protection compound

Sheet pile

Spreader plate

orros on pro ec on compoun

nchor cap

Bracket

Seals

HDPE sleeve

Heat-shrink tube

Grout

Waling bolt

a ng

Spreader plate


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TITAN micropile.The economic system.

Micropiles are non-prestressed pile elements with a diameter < 300 mm. Various types are available.They are especially popular for strengthening or underpinning existing foundations and transfer thetensile and compressive forces into the subsoil. Depending on the application, micropiles can beloaded in tension only, but also in tension and compression. ThyssenKrupp Bautechnik can supplyappropriate solutions.


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Micropiles can be used as anchor piles, soil nails to DIN EN 14490

or rock anchors.

Various non-prestressed pile types with a diameter < 300 mm

are available. The tensile and compressive forces are transferred

into the subsoil via the steel tendon and the body of grout that

surrounds it. The TITAN micropile consists of a steel rod with a

continuous thread and a sacrificial drill bit.

Using the special lengths of 2, 4 and 6 m, the standard length

of 3 m can be easily extended with the screw-on couplers to suit

requirements. The external forces are transferred via an end plate

anchorage to the anchor piles and then via a shear bond to the

body of pressure-injected cement grout and the soil.

The cement grout protects the steel tendon as a conventional

element without prestress against corrosion over its full length

and also interlocks it tightly with the surrounding soil. The steeltendon, a ribbed steel tube made of fine-grain structural steel,

is not vulnerable to transverse pressure, brittle fracture or stress

corrosion cracking.

TITAN micropiles are self-drilling, are inserted together with a drilling

fluid therefore need no casing and are grouted dynamically.

The drilling fluid forms a filter cake that supports the drilled hole.

The direct, rotary percussive drilling with a drilling fluid avoids

loss and loosening of the soil, which improves the ground condi-

tions considerably.

>RECEN PROJECSAndernach, Germany: port works // Essen, Germany: trade fair multi-storey car park // Dietz, Germany: port works //

Herne, Germany: Schmiedebach culvert // Usedom, Germany: port works // Malchow, Germany: swing bridge // Btzow, Germany: quay wall in port //

Sotchi, Russia: ski jump for Winter Olympics // St. Petersburg, Russia: shopping centre foundations // Kiev, Ukraine: new football stadium


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TITAN micropile.Versatile.

Micropiles for foundations/underpinning

Installed according to DIN EN 14199 for transferring tensile and

compressive loads to loadbearing strata at greater depths

New structures

Conversion of older buildings

Undermining

Uplift protection

Micropiles for anchorages

Installed according to DIN EN 14199 for transferring tensile

loads to loadbearing strata at greater depths

Excavations Anchorages for sheet piles

Anchorages for retaining walls

Temporary and permanent applications

As an alternative to prestressed stranded anchors

Micropiles as soil nails

Installed according to DIN EN 14490 for increasing tensile

and shear strength

Slope stabilisation

Reinforced soil

Fixing protective netting

Tunnelling

Special applications

Drill-Drain micropile, a horizontal drain for reliable, specific

drainage of slope seepage water

Geothermal energy combined loadbearing pile and borehole

for ground coupling

Monojet, the jet-grouting principle with pressures up to 200 bar

Advantages

Especially economic and fast design and installation

Versatile

Suitable for use in all soil types

Standardised method

Direct drilling (without casing) plus grouting in one operation

Fewer operations on site

Substantial soil improvement

Permanent corrosion protection

TITAN micropiles comply with DIN EN 14199 Execution of special

geotechnical works injection piles and in Germany their use is

regulated by National Technical Approval Z-34.14-209 issued by

the German Institute of Building Technology (DIBt).


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Designation UnitTITAN30/16

TITAN30/14

TITAN30/11

TITAN40/20

TITAN40/16

TITAN52/26

TITAN73/56

TITAN73/53

TITAN73/45

TITAN73/35

TITAN103/78

TITAN103/51

TITAN127/103

Nominal outside diameter Dsteel mm 30 30 30 40 40 52 73 73 73 73 103 103 127

Nominal inside diameter Dsteel mm 16 14 11 20 16 26 56 53 45 35 78 51 103

Eective cross-section Ae mm2 340 375 415 730 900 1250 1360 1615 2239 2714 3140 5680 3475

Ultimate load Fu kN 245 275 320 540 660 925 1035 1160 1575 1865 2270 3660 23204)

Load at 0.2% proof stress

F0,2,k(mean value) kN 190 220 260 425 525 730 830 970 1270 1430 1800 2670 2030

Characteristic load-carrying

capacity RM,k,according to

German approval1) kN 1552) 1952) 225 372 465 620 6952) 860 1218 1386 1550 2325 18002)

Strain stiness E A3) 103 kN 63 69 83 135 167 231 251 299 414 502 580 1022 640

Bending stiness E I3) 106 kNmm2 3,7 3,8 4,6 15 17 42 125 143 178 195 564 794 1163

Weight kg/m 2,7 2,87 3,29 5,8 7,17 9,87 10,75 13,3 17,8 21,0 25,3 44,6 28,9

Length m 3 3 2/3/4 3/4 2/3/4 3 6,25 3 3 3 3 3 3

Left-/right-hand

thread left left left left left

left/

right right right right right right right right

1)In the case of permanent tension loads and a cement grout cover c < 40 mm, the load-carrying capacity must be reduced according to approval Z-34.14-209.2)An approval for this size is not yet available. The values for TITAN 30/16, 30/14, 73/56 and 127/103 were interpolated in a similar way to the approval.3)These values were determined in tests. It is not possible to calculate the elastic modulus, cross-section or moment of inertia from these gures.4)Only applies to hollow steel tendon without coupler. The ultimate load for coupled hollow steel tendons is 2048 kN.

Technical data


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TITAN micropile.The method in detail.

The components

Example: grouting

D = d + a

Widening value a 20 mm to DIN SPEC 18539

Empirical values supplied by Ischebeck (measured on excavated grout bodies)

D d + 75 mm for medium and coarse gravel

d + 50 mm for sand and sandy gravel

Soil, loose rockFilter cake (coloured grey/black)formed by thin ushing uid(w/c 0.81.0); prevents thedrilled hole from collapsingand improves/compacts theloose rock

Final groutw/c 0.40.5 (coloured red)

Corrosion protection

TITAN 40/16hollow steel tendon

Diameter

of drill bit

Theoretical diameter of body

of injected grout D

Couplerdiameter dk

min. cement grout cover

> 20 mm

Soil, loose rock

Filter cake (cement)with soil inclusions

Grout strength and strain stinessincrease towards the tendon

Clay drill bit diameter diameter d

Hollow steel tendon

Minimum body of grout,diameter D > d

Skin friction

D


HDPE tube, e.g. for unbonded anchorlength and additional corrosion protectionat base of excavation

End plate

Initial injection (lter cake) to stabilisethe drilled hole and improve theshear bond

Non-cohesive soil (sand,gravel, weathered rock)

Final injection (cement grout)to form the body of grout

Hollow steel tendon to DINEN 14199 to limit crack widths

Hollow tendon for ushing

Coupler

Centraliser for ensuring a cementgrout cover > 20 mm

Clay drill bit

Flushing aperture

Drill bit

Centraliser

Hollow steel tendon

Coupler

End plate



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TITAN micropile.The universal solution for all soils.

Micropiles loaded in tension only

A micropile is a continuous steel tendon that is inserted into the

subsoil. Pressure grouting produces a body of grout at the bottom

end of the steel tendon. This grout is connected with the part to be

anchored by the steel tendon (unbonded length) and the anchor

head. Loads are transferred to the ground via skin friction over the

defined anchorage length.

The backfilling material has settled and in some places

is displacing the masonry, resulting in the need for

repairs. In such cases it has proved worthwhile to insert

TITAN micropiles, inject the voids with grout and anchor

the masonry in position.

Applications

Anchors in tunnelling

Tunnelling under rail embankments

Anchoring of ramps

Horizontal high-pressure grout injection for pipe umbrellas

in tunnelling

Shear reinforcement for pier noses

Stabilisation of fault zones with polyurethane systems,

e.g. in tunnelling

Slope stabilisation at tunnel entrances

Nut

Loose rock

Loose and

friable material

Anchor plate

Packing

Masonry

Cement/sodium silicateplug to secure the partlybonded micropile

Typical application: repairs to tunnel roof


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Micropiles loaded in tension and compression

Here, a continuous steel tendon is surrounded over its full length

in the ground by the cement grout injected subsequently. The force

is transferred via the combination of tendon and grout along the

piles full length. The load transfer into the subsoil is by means of

skin friction. The micropiles can be drilled either vertically or at an

angle and are generally loaded axially.

Applications

Excavations

Anchoring retaining walls

Underpinning/strengthening of bridge foundations

Uplift protection

Road widening

Reinforcing bridge abutments

Refurbishment of bridge piers and port areas

Foundations to electricity pylons, transmission masts,

wind turbines

Overhead line masts for railways

Noise barriers

Avalanche protection

Right-hand thread

Coupler Bayonet socket

Right-hand thread Left-hand thread

Bayonet socket

Bayonet pin

Water

2 pontoonswelded together

Anchor plate screwedon and tack-weldedin position on site

Bayonet pin

Tack-welded inposition on site

Recoverable

Operations

1. Drill TITAN micropile from pontoon to desired depth.

2.Provide final piece of anchor with bayonet screw and screw-on anchor plate.

3.Drill down until anchor plate is at desired level (centre of concrete ground slab).

4.After pressure grouting, turn coupler briefly anticlockwise to release bayonet connection and recover the rest of the tendon.

Uplift protection

When constructing concrete ground slabs for

sedimentation tanks, road underpasses, deep

excavations, etc. in groundwater, micropiles

can be installed to secure them against uplift.


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TITAN micropile.The secure anchorage.

TITAN micropiles can be used for tying back sheet piles. In order to achieve astandard solution for the connection between anchor and sheet pile, calculationshave been carried out for various types of sheet pile. Using the diagramsof the approved typical calculations, it is easy to read o the standard anchorhead conguration.

For the design, the actual design load Fd,anchorof the micropile must

first be determined (load in direction of steel tendon). Using the

horizontal component of the calculated design load Fd,hplus theexisting sheet pile flange width bRand thickness tRit is possible to

determine the sheet pile flange thickness required. If this thickness

is greater than that of the existing sheet pile, it can be increased by

adding a plate.


End plate

2 support plates

Waling

Cleat

Sheet pile

Hollow steel tendon

Cement grout

Steel tendon 40/16


End plate 200 x 200 x 30 mm

Bracket to suit structural requirements

Anchoring a sheet pile from the water side Inclined twin channel waling


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Soldier pile wall

One popular method of securing excavations is the soldier pile

wall. It is designed to suit the local circumstances exactly and

offers a rapid, tailored solution. The classic form employs the

Berlin method. This consists of vertical loadbearing memberswith horizontal timber joists wedged between these. It is also

possible to use steel elements for the infill panels. To secure the

excavation, the soldier pile wall is tied back into the ground with

micropiles installed from drilling rigs.

Sheet pile section as waling

with spherical collar nut + end plate with spherical recess

Cleat to suit structural requirements

Steel tendon 30/11 & 40/16


Ball tting 90 mm

End plate with spherical recess

220 x 220 x 40 mm

220

45

Sheet pile section as waling

with wedge discs + plate

Soldier pile wall as excavation shoring

Steel tendon30/11 & 40/16

2 driven channelsections


Ball tting 90 mm

End plate with spherical recess220 x 220 x 40 mm

Weld seam to suit structuralrequirements

45

> For further information on designing the anchor head, please refer to our brochure on TITAN anchor piles.

300

Hollow steel tendon


Surplus length cut o

20

2 wedge discs 120 mm

for innite adjustment 2 x 12

End plate 148 x 200 mmwith opening 70 mm(custom-made)

180

1

00

20

20

15

Anchor head concealed between twin-channel walingfor permanent soldier pile wall

Cleat to suit structural requirements

Steel tendon 40/16


Wedge discs (max. 3)

Bearing plate 300 x 200 x 35 mmfor wedge disc, elongated hole50 x 70 mm

300

> 54

Weld seam to suit

structural requirements


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>RECEN PROJECSGrohain-Frauenhain, Germany: BerlinDresden railway line // Germany: OldenburgWilhelmshafen railway line //

Sohland, Germany: River Spree works // Eilenburg, Germany: soil nailing Burgberg // Porschdorf, Germany: soil nailing to slope //

Dornburg, Germany: slope stabilisation alongside L2303 road

TITAN soil nails.Versatile anchors for every terrain.

Soil nailing is a method of improving the natural stability of the soil. Soil nails to DIN EN 14490increase the cohesion that is lacking in loose material. They also enhance the tensile and shearstrength of such soils, thus creating a new composite material with a high load-carrying capacity.The soil must exhibit an adequate minimum stability for site operations.

Soil nails are inserted into the subsoil on a grid to suit the require-

ments and then filled with a cement suspension. The maximum

nail spacing is generally 1.5 m in both the horizontal and vertical

directions. Soil nailing is suitable for use in cohesive and non-

cohesive soils, also in loose rock.

Applications

Slope stabilisation

Excavation shoring

Refurbishment of unstable slopes and hillside roads

Retaining walls

Foundations for rockfall nets

Strengthening the permanent way

Made embankments

The advantages of soil nailing

Stabilises embankments and prevents settlement

Ideal for steep slopes because soil nails can be installed

in 2 or 3 m lengths with lightweight drilling rigs Flexible, environmentally friendly method of construction

suitable for any terrain

Ideal for existing structures such as walls or stocks of trees

that are to be incorporated into new construction works

Minimal vibrations

Little noise

Cost-effective method for temporary

and permanent applications


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Driven anchor piles.Safe anchorage of large tensile forces.

Various steel sections can be used as anchor piles. These piles carry tensileforces by way of skin friction. Driven anchor piles are primarily used in quaywall structures where high tensile forces occur.

Applications: quay wall structures

Good guiding must be guaranteed during driving and so leaders

are used. Settlement leads to additional loads on the anchor

piles. The causes of such settlement are, for example, backfilling,

relieving excavations or the installation of further piles behind the

sheet piles. Slow- or rapid-action hammers are used, depending

on the soil properties.

The benefits of slow-action hammers

Longer effect of driving force

Particularly suitable for cohesive soils

Environmentally friendly

Much less noise, far fewer vibrations

The benefits of fast-action hammers

Particularly suitable for non-cohesive soils

Vibratory effect increases load-carrying capacity

In principle, additional deformations cause an increase in the

stresses in the pile, which in some circumstances means that the

maximum axial force occurs not at the head of the pile but behind

the sheet piling. This must be taken into account when designing

the piles and the connection to the wall.

>RECEN PROJECSBrandenburg, Germany: port works // Bremerhaven, Germany: container terminal CT4 //

Rostock, Germany: Maritime Industrial Park Gross Klein // Sassnitz, Germany: berth 9


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Construction equipment.The latest technology for all applications.

Dierent site conditions call for dierent machinery, dierent equipment. In addition to thematerials and equipment, we can also provide the special installation technology necessaryfor installing our anchors. We can provide these to suit the particular project. The equipmentsatises the highest demands in terms of productivity, precision, quality and safety.


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KRUPP hydraulic hammer drills

We can supply a modern and complete range of products for virtually everydrilling operation. Cooperation on a global level with all the leading drill

manufacturers ensures that KRUPP drill drives are easily integrated into all

common base machines.

Applications

Overburden drilling

Drive drilling

Anchorages

Advantages

Can be mounted on all common base machines Extremely compact housing

Damping unit eases withdrawal

Optional: electrical, hydraulic or manual switching

on rotation and hammer mechanisms

Optional: external flushing head

Drilling equipment

The typical machinery needed for the installation of anchors includes

drilling rigs and grouting equipment, also hydraulic anchor drilling carriages

and drilling attachments with hydraulic, rotary percussive drills. Critical for

optimum pile installation is the choice of the right drilling equipment.

Mounting of drilling rigs

Supports (feet) for drilling rigs with power pack

Drilling rig on excavator boom and with drilling carriage

Applications

Foundation, stabilisation, repair and refurbishment projects

Advantages

Compact, robust design

Optimum kinematics for low total weight

Pendulum chassis automatically compensates

for ground unevenness when travelling

Pendulum chassis also helps when positioning

and loading

Optimum ergonomic control panel

All hydraulic functions integrated into control panel

Ideal for use on cramped sites

Suitable for the most difficult geological conditions

Avoids damage to the ground

Type TKB 203

TKB 502-2

TKB 504

TKB 605 TKB 609 TKB 205 MP

Engine output kW 97 82 160 160 190 147

Total width mm 740/1200 1900 2063 2500 2480 2500

Drill carriage

Stroke length* mm

1200-2690

(Telescopic mast) 3350 3600 4600 4950 6300

Retraction force kN 62 50 82 100 100 200

Thrust kN 38 50 46 100 100 100

Clamping unit

Diameter mm 152-610 68-254 68-254 76-305 89-406 150-660

Recommended hydraulic hammers

HB35 / HB45 HB35 / HB45 HB35 / HB45

HB35 / HB45 /

HB50

HB35 / HB45 /

HB50 / HB60 HB50 / HB60

Recommended rotary heads

HG8 / HG12 /

HG19 / HG24 HG8 / HG12

HG11 / HG12 /

HG19

HG24 / HG19 /

HG12 / HG11

HG11 / HG12 /

HG19 / HG24

HG12 / HG19 /

HG24

Recommended rotary heads HR40 / HR50 HR20 / HR40 HR40 / HR50 HR50 / HR60 HR50 / HR60 HR50 / HR60

Total weight* kg 6200 9000 13000 14800 21000 18500

* depends on equipment fitted

Type HB15

HB20

HB35 HB45 HB50 HB60

Weight, approx. kg 150 220 330 450 810 980

No. of blows, max. rpm 3000 3000 2500 2500 2400 2400

Individual below energy, max. Nm 270 290 590 590 835 835

Torque @ 205 bar Nm 2200 4400 10100 9500 13800 25900

r.p.m. @ 170 l/min rpm 119 119 240 160 120 80


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High-tech products and services from one supplier.Experienced. Long-term. Worldwide.

Our strengths

The innovative strengths of our product portfolio The worldwide availability of our products

The diverse technical expertise

The engineering consultancy services

The tailored solutions

Services

We offer a powerful package of services so that our customers

can concentrate on their true core skills:

Consulting and logistics

Advice on products, spare parts, bespoke services

Fabrication, just-in-time logistics, worldwide availability

Technical support

Engineering advice, support for applications

Structural calculations, drawings for sheet piling and excavation

shoring, comparative and economic feasibility studies,

customer services

Machine maintenance, after-sales services

Leasing, hiring and financing

Full-service leasing, hire of machinery and personnel,

drafting of contracts and insurance policies

Tax considerations

Environmental protection and sustainability

Environmental protection, climate concerns and the careful useof resources are factors that are firmly anchored in our corporate

strategy. It is always our aim to develop products that have a

minimal impact on the climate and our environment. Our customers

also benefit from our outstanding engineering expertise. When it

comes to our machinery, our aims are low emissions, avoiding

noise and providing energy supplies with low CO2emissions plus

environmentally friendly fuels and lubricants.

Get in touch with us for your specific requirements.


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Head Offi ce

GERMANY

Export

Hollestr. 7a, 45127 Essen, Germany

Phone +49 201 844-563975

Fax +49 201 844-563974

[email protected]

Export Eastern Europe

Hollestr. 7a, 45127 Essen, Germany

Phone +49 201 844-563895

Fax +49 201 844-563772

[email protected]

Sales Branches

AUSTRALIA, JAPAN, NEW ZEALAND

ThyssenKrupp Steelcom Pty. Ltd.

Suite 3, 17-23 Myrtle Street

NSW 2060 North Sydney, Australia

Phone +61 2 94091-777

Fax +61 2 99554-298

www.tk-steelcom.com.au

BRAZIL


do Brazil

Av. das Amricas 3500

bloco 06, salas 407/408

CEP 22631-003 Barra da Tijuca

Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Phone +55 21 32825-245

www.estacas-prancha.com

CHINA, HONG KONG, SEA, TAIWAN


Hong Kong

7F, Sun Hung Kai Centre

30 Harbour Road, Wanchai

Hong Kong SAR, China

Phone +852 318 179-01

Fax +852 318 179-30

www.sheetpiles-asia.com

KAZAKHSTAN


Kazakhstan

050051 Almaty

Prospect Dostyk, 240, office 503,

Kazakhstan

Phone +7 701 736-9684

Fax +7 727 258-5712

www.tkbt.ru

BALTIC STATES

UAB ThyssenKrupp Baltija

Minijos g. 180

93269 Klaipeda, Lithuania

Phone +370 46 355-401

Fax +370 46 355-032

www.thyssenkrupp-baltija.lt

POLAND

ThyssenKrupp Energostal S.A.

Ulica Grudziadzka 159

87-100 Toru, Poland

Phone +48 56 611-9468

Fax +48 56 611-9432

www.thyssenkrupp-energostal.pl

ROMANIA


Romania

50 Av. Petre Cretu Street

012052 Bucharest, Romania

Phone +4 021 319-2417

Fax +4 021 319-2425

[email protected]

RUSSIAN FEDERATION

ThyssenKrupp Bautechnik Russia

Ul. Vinogradnja 238 A, Office 11

354000 Sochi, Russian Federation

Phone +7 862 290-1852

Fax +7 862 290-1853

www.tkbt.ru

OOO ThyssenKrupp Bautechnik

Technischer Service

Beloostrowskaya 20/B, of. 65 B

197342 St. Petersburg

Russian Federation

Phone +7 812 337-6510

Fax +7 812 337-6511

www.tkbt.ru

UKRAINE

ThyssenKrupp Bautechnik Ukraine

Ul. Suvorova 4/6

Office 1104

01010 Kiev, Ukraine

Phone +38 044 280-9905

Fax +38 044 280-1507

[email protected]

www.tkbt.ru

UNITED ARAB EMIRATES, IRAQ

ThyssenKrupp Bautechnik Dubai

Jebel Ali Office

P.O. Box 262994, Dubai

Dubai, United Arab Emirates

Phone +971 4 887-1618

Fax +971 4 7059-301

www.sheetpiling.ae

ThyssenKrupp Bautechnik GmbHP.O. Box 10 22 53 45022 Essen, Germany

erations

TKBT

04/2013

040413 tkbt anchor equipment

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