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Ada Co-i;iler Validation Surw~rary Report:Rational, 12 July 1989 to 12 July 1990

VAX/VMIS Cross Development Facility, Version 5, P1000 Serie * LF~I~G EO LML

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Wrig?'t'-Patterszc7 ArBDayton, OH, USA

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Wright-Patterson AFBDayt on, OHi., U SA

Ada Joint Program OfficeUnited States Department. of Defense 13.Washingtof., DC M001-3081

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Wright-Patterson AFB DO '&%~1A1'Dayton, OH., USA N/A

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Approved for public release; distribution unlimited.

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II. ... A~A ~DEC0U4 1989

Ada Prccra7z-.irng language, Ada Co pTiler Validatio Su~r-.ary Rep:rt, AdaCo7p.Iler Validation Capability, A:VC, Validaticon Testing, AdaValidation Office, AVO, Ada Va:1dation Facility, A%'F, ANS1/Y1L-S.D-1815A, Ada Joint Program~ Office, AJPO

RatI.aa ,VAX/VMS Cross Devc 1opmen t ; iiftv , Vers ton 5, R1 00() Series M,.odel 20 (Host) tODEC %jx~statjofl 11 (Target), Ucright-ilt tfcrson AFB, ACVC 1.10.

" ~ 1473 E02110- O Ir %:- 6$ IS OeSOEII JA 73S/h 0102-LF-014-6601 1!NCI t.e_'IFEUD_

SStCUR1 I CL&SSW IA1 10 OF IMIS PA.L (A%fl .Dole (nre'C

AVF Control Number: AVF-VSR-294.078989-04-13-RAT

Ada COMPILERVALIDATION SUMMARY REPORT:

Certificate Number: 890712W1.10114Rational

VAX/VMS Cross Development Facility, Version 5RIOOO Series 200 Model 20 Host and DEC Vaxstation II Target

Completion of On-Site Testing:12 July 1989

Prepared By:Ada Validation Facility

ASD/SCELWright-Patterson AFB OH 45433-6503

Prepared For:Ada Joint Program Office

United States Department of DefenseWashington DC 20301-3081

Ada Compiler Validation Summary Report:

Compiler Name: VAX/VMS Cross Development Facility, Version 5

Certificate Number: 890712W1.10114

Host: R1O00 Series 200 Model 20 underRational Environment, Version D 11 0 8

Target: DEC Vaxstation II underVMS 4.7

Testing Completed 12 July 1989 Using ACVC 1.10

This report has been reviewed and is approved.

Ada Validation FacilitySteve P. WilsonTechnical DirectotASDiSCELWright-Patterson AFB OH 45433-6503

da Validation Or tionDr. John F. KramerInstitute for Defense AnalysesAlexandria VA 22311

A t Program Office

Dr. John SolomondDirectorDepartment of DefenspWashington DC 20301

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION

1.1 PURPOSE OF THIS VALIDATION SUMMARY REPORT . ... 1-21.2 USE OF THIS VALIDATION SUMMARY REPORT ........ .. 1-21.3 REFERENCES. .................................. 1-31.4 DEFINITION OF TERMS ...... ............... .1-31.5 ACVC TEST CLASSES ...... ................ .1-4

CHAPTER 2 CONFIGURATION INFORMATION

2.1 CONFIGURATION TESTED ..... ............... .. 2-12.2 IMPLEMENTATION CHARACTERISTICS ... .......... .2-2

CHAPTER 3 TEST INFORMATION

3.1 TEST RESULTS ....... ................... ... 3-13.2 SUMMARY OF TEST RESULTS BY CLASS ............ .. 3-13.3 SUMMARY OF TEST RESULTS BY CHAPTER ........... .3-23.4 WITHDRAWN TESTS ...... ................. .3-23.5 INAPPLICABLE TESTS ...... ............... .3-23.6 TEST, PROCESSING, AND EVALUATION MODIFICATIONS.. 3-63.7 ADDITIONAL TESTING INFORMATION ... .......... .3-73.7.1 Prevalidation ....... ................. .3-73.7.2 Test Method ........ .................. .. 3-73.7.3 Test Site ........ ................... .. 3-8

A[PENDIX A DECLARATION OF CONFORMANCE

APPENDIX B APPENDIX F OF THE Ada STANDARD

APPENDIX C TEST PARAMETERS

APPENDIX D WITHDRAWN TESTS

I Acc~~3!flFor

%AT15

CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

This Validation Summary Report (VSR)" describes the extent to which aspecific Ada compiler conforms to the Ada Standard, ANSI/MIL-STD-1815A.This report explains all technical terms used within it and thoroughlyreports the results of testing this compiler using the Ada CompilerValidation Capability (ACVC). An Ada compiler must be implementedaccording to the Ada Standard, and any implementation-dependent featuresmust conform to the requirements of the Ada Standard. The Ada Standardmust be implemented in its entirety, and nothing can be implemented that isnot in the Standard.

Even though all validated Ada compilers conform to the Ada Standard, itmust be understood that some differences do exist between implementations.The Ada Standard permits some implementation dependencies--for example, themaximum length of identifiers or the maximum values of integer types.Other differences between compilers result from the characteristics ofparticular operating systems, hardware, or implementation strategies. Allthe dependencies observed during the process of testing this compiler aregiven in this report.

The information in this reporL is derived from che test results producedduring validation testing. The validation process includes submitting asuite of standardized tests, the ACVC, as inputs to an Ada compiler andevaluating the results. The purpose of validating is to ensure conformityof the compiler to the Ada Standard by testing that the compiler properlyimplements legal language constructs and that it identifies and rejectsillegal language constructs. The testing also identifies behavior that isimplementation-dependent but is permitted by the Ada Standard. Six classesof tests are used. These tests are designed to perform checks at compiletime, at link time, and during execution.

1 1

INTRODUCTION

1.1 PURPOSE OF THIS VALIDATION SUMMARY REPORT

This VSR documents the results of the validation testing performed on anAda compiler. Testing was carried out for the following purposes:

To attempt to identify any language constructs supported by thecompiler that do not conform to the Ada Standard

To attempt to identify any language constructs not supported bythe compiler but required by the Ada Standard

To determine that the implementation-dependent behavior is allowduby the Ada Standard

Testing of this compiler was conducted by SofTech, Inc. under thedirection of the AVF according to procedures established by the Ada JointProgram Office and administered by the Ada Validation Organization (AVO).On-site testing was completed 12 July 1989 at Santa Clara CA.

1.2 USE OF THIS VALIDATION SUMMARY REPORT

Consistent with the national laws of the originating country, the AVO maymake fuion Act" (5U.S.C.#552). The results of this validation apply only to the computers,operatirg systems, and compiler versions identified in this report.

The organizations represented on the signature page of this report do notrepresent or warrant that all statements set forth in this report areaccurate and complete, or that the subject compiler has no nonconformitiesto the Ada Standard other than those presented. Copies of this report areavailable to the public from:

Ada Information ClearinghouseAda Joint Program OfficeOUSDREThe Pentagon, Rm 3D-139 (Fern Street)Washington DC 20301-3081

or from:

Ada Validation FacilityASD/SCELWright-Patterson AFB OH 45433-6503

1-2

INTRODUCTION

Questions regarding this report or the validation test results should bedirected to the AVF listed above or to:

Ada Viidation OrganizationInstitute for Defense Analyses1801 North Beauregard StreetAlexandria VA 22311

1.3 REFERENCES

1. Reference Manual for the Ada Programming Language,ANSii'I .L-3TD-1815A, February 1983 and ISO86532-1987.

2. Ada Compiler Validation Procedures and Guidelines, Ada JointProgram office, 1 January 1987.

3. Ada Compiler Validation Capability Implementers' Guide, SofTech,Inc., December 1986.

4. Ada Compiler Validation Capability User's Guide, December 1986.

1.4 DEFINITION OF TERMS

ACVC The Ada Compiler Validation Capability. The set of Adaprograms that tests the conformity of an Ada compiler to theAda programming language.

Ada An Ada Commentary contains all information relevant to theCommentary point addressed by a comment on the Ada Standard. These

comments are given a unique identification number having theform Al-ddddd.

Ada Standard ANSI/MIL-STD-1815A, February 1983 and !SO 8652-1987.

Applicant The agency requesting validation.

AVF The Ada Validation Facility. The AVF is responsible forconducting compiler validations according to procedurescontained in the Ada Compiler Validation Procedures andGuidelines.

AVO The Ada Validation Organization. The AVO has oversightauthority over all AVF practices for the purpose ofmaintaining a uniform process for validation of Adacompilers. The AVO provides administrative and technicalsupport for Ada validations to ensure consistent practices.

Compiler A processor for the Ada language. In the context of thisreport, a compiler is any language processor, including

1-3

INTRODUCTION

cross-compilers, translators, and interpreters.

Failed test An ACVC test for which the compiler generates a result thatdemonstrates nonconformity to the Ada Standard.

Host The computer on which the compiler resides.

Irapplicable An ACVC test that uses features of the language that atest compiler is not required to support or may legitimately

support in a way other than the one expected by the test.

Passed test An ACVC test for which a compiler generates the expectedresult.

Target The computer for which a compiler generates code.

Test A program that checks a compiler's conformity regarding a

particular feature or a combination of features to the AdaStandard. In the context of this report, the term is used todesignat- a single test, which may comprise one or morefiles.

Withdrawn An ACVC test found to be incorrect and not used to checktest conformity to the Ada Standard. A test may be incorrect

because it has an invalid test objective, fails to meet itstest objective, or contains illegal or erroneous use of thelanguage.

1.5 ACVC TEST CLASSES

Conformity to the Ada Standard is measured using the ACVC. The ACVCcontains both legal and illegal Ada programs structured into six testclasses: A, B, C, D, E, and L. The first lotter of a test name identifiesthe class to which it belongs. Class A, C, D, and E tests are executable,and special program units are used to report their results duringexecution. Class B tests are expected to produce compilation errors.Class L tests are expected to produce compilation or link errors because of

the way in which a program library is used at link time.

Class A tests ensure the successful compilation of legal Ada programs withcertain language constructs which cannot be verified at compile time.There are no explicit program components in a Class A test to checksemantics. Por example, a Class A test checks that reserved words ofanother language (other than those already reserved in the Ada language)are not treated as reserved words by an Ada compiler. A Class A test ispassed if no errors are detected at compile time and the program executesto produce a PASSED message.

Class B tests check that a compiler detects illegal language usage. ClassB tests are not executable. Each test in this class is compiled and theresulting compilation listing is examined to verify that every syntax orsemantic error in the test is detected. A Class B test is passed if every

1-4

INTRODUCTION

illegal construct that it contains is detected by the compiler.

Class C tests check the run time system to ensure that legal Ada programscan be correctly compiled and executed. Each Class C test is self-checkingand produces a PASSED, FAILED, or NOT APPLICABLE message indicating theresult when it is executed.

Clas D t*srs check the compilation and execution capacities of a compiler.Since there are no capacity r3quirements placed on a compiler by the daStandard for some parameters--for example, the number of identifierspermitted in a compilation or the number of units in a library--a compilermay refuse to compile a Class D test and still be a conforming compiler.Therefore, if a Class D test fails to compile because the capacity of thecompiler is exceeded, the test is classified as inapplicable. If a Class Dtest compiles successfully, it is self-checking and produces a PASSED orFAILED message during execution.

Class E tests are expected to execute successfully and checkimplementation-dependent options and resolutions of ambiguities in the AdaStandard. Each Class E test is self-checking and produces a NOTAPPLICABLE, PASSED, or FAILED message when it is compiled and executed.However, the Ada Standard permits an implementation to reject programscontaining some features addressed by Class E tests during compilation.Therefore, a Class E test is passed by a compile-r if it is compiledsuccessfully and executes to produce a PASSED message, or if it is rejectedby the compiler for an allowable reason.

Class L tests check that incomplete or illegal Ada programs involvingmultiple, separately compiled units are detected and not allowed toexecute. Class L tests are compiled separately and execution is attempted.A Class L test passes if it is rejected at link time--that is, an attemptto execute the main program must generate an error message before anydeclarations in the main program or any units referenced by the mainprogram are elaborated. In some cases, an implementation may legitimatelydetect errors during compilation of the test.

Two library units, the package REPORT and the procedure CHECK FILE, supportthe self-checking features of the executable tests. The package REPORTprovides the mechanism by which executable tests report PASSED, FAILED, orNOT APPLICABLE results. It also provides a set of identity functions usedto defeat some compiler optimizations allowed by the Ada Standard thatwould circumvent a test objective. The procedure CHECK FILE is used tocheck the contents of text files written by some of the Class C tests forchapter 14 of the Ada Standard. The operation of REPORT and CHECK FILE ischecked by a set of executable tests. These tests produce messages thatare examined to verify that the units are operating correctly. If theseunits are not operating correctly, then the validation is not attempted.

The text of each test in the ACVC follows cDnventions that are intended toensure that the tests are reasonably portable without modification. Forexample, the tests make use of only the basic set of 55 characters, containlines with a maximum length of 72 characters, use small numeric values, anoplace features that may not be supported by all implementations in separate

1-5

INTRODUCTION

tests. However, some tests contain values that require the test to becustomized according to implementation-specific values--for example, anillegal file name. A list of the values used for this validation is

provided in Appendix C.

A compiler must correctly process each of the tests in the suite anddemonstrate conformity to the Ada Standard by either meeting the passcriteria given for the test or by showing that the test is inapplicable t:the implementation. The applicability of a test to an implementation isconsidered each time the implementation is validated. A test that isinapplicable for one validation is not necessarily inapplicable for asubsequent validation. Any test that was determined to contain an illegallanguage construct or an erroneous language construct is withdrawn from theACVC and, therefore, is not used in testing a compiler. The testswithdrawn at the time of this validation are given in Appendix D.

1-6

CHAPTER 2

CONFIGURATION INFORMATION

2.1 CONFIGURATION TESTED

The candidate compilation system fo this validation was tested under thefollowing configuration:

Compiler: VAX/VMS Cross Development Facility, Version 5

ACVC Version: 1.10

Certificate Number: 890712W1.10114

Host Computer:

Machine: R1O00 Series 200 Model 20

Operating System: Rational Environment

Version D_11 0_£

Memory Size: 32 MB

Target Computer:

Machine: DEC Vaxstation II

Operating System: VMS4.7

Memory Size: 13 MB

2-1

C¢NFIGURATION INFORMATION

Communications Network: Ethernet

2.2 IMPLEMENTATION CHARACTERISTICS

One of the purposes of validating compilers is to determine the behavior ofa compiler in those a -as of the Ada Standard that permit implementationsto differ. Class D and E tests specifically check for such implementationdifferences. However, tests in other classes also characterize animplementation. The tests demonstrate the following characteristics:

a. Capacities.

(1) The compiler correctly processes a compilation containing 723variables in the same declarative part. (See test D29002K.)

(2) The compiler correctly processes tests containing loopstatements nested to 65 levels. (See tests D55A03A..H (8tests).)

(3) The compiler correctly processes tests containing blockstatements nested to 65 levels. (See test D56001B.)

(4) The compiler correctly processes tests containing recursiveprocedures separately compiled as subunits nested to 10levels. (See tests D64005E..G (3 tests).)

b. Predefined types.

(1) This implementation supports the additional predefined typesSHCRT INTEGER, LONG FLOAT, and SHORT SHORT INTEGER in packageSTANDARD. (See tests B86001T..Z (7 tests).)

c. Expression evaluation.

The order in which expressions are evaluated and tke time at whichconstraints are checked are not defined by the language. Whilethe AuVC tests do not :pecifically attempt to determine the orderof evaluation of expressions, test results indicate the following:

(1) None of the default initialization expressions for recordcomponerts are evaluated before any value is checked formembership in a component's subtype. (See test C32117A.)

(2) Assignments for subtypes are performed with the same precisionas the base type. (See test C35712B.)

2-2


(3) This implementation uses no extra bits for extra precision anduses all extra bits for extra range. (See test C35903A.)

(4) Sometimes NUMERICERROR is raised when an integer literaloperand in a comparison cr membership test is outside therange of the base type. (See test C45232A.)

(5) NUMERIC ERROR is raised when a literal operand in afixed-point comparison or membership test is outside the rangeof the base type. (See test C45252A.)

(6) Underflow is not gradual. (See tests C45524A..Z.)

d. Rounding.

The method by which values are rounded in type conversions is notdefined by the language. While the ACVC tests do not specificallyattempt to determine the method of rounding, the test resultsindicate the following:

(1) The method used for rounding to integer is round away fromzero. (See tests C46012A..Z.)

(2) The method used for rounding to longest integer is round awayfrom zero. (See tests C46012A..Z.)

(3) The method used for rounding to integer in static universalreal expressions is round away from zero. (See test C4AO14A.)

e. Array types.

An implementation is allowed to raise NUMERIC ERROR orCONSTRAINT ERROR for an array having a 'LENGTH that exceedsSTANDARD.INTEGER'LAST and/or SYSTEM.MAXINT.

For this implementation:

(1) Declaration of an array type or subtype declaration with morethan SYSTEM.MAX INT components raises NUMERICERROR. (Seetest C36003A.)

(2) NUMERIC ERROR is raised when a null array type withINTEGER7LAST . 2 components is declared. (See test C36202A.)

(3) NUMERIC ERROR ir raised when a null array type withSYSTEM.MAX INT - 2 components is declared. (See testC36202B.)

2-3

CONFIGURATTON INFORMATION

(4) A pac2kz-0' PCLEAN array having a 'LENGTH exceeding INTEGER'LASTraises NUMERIC ERROR when the array type is declared. (Seetest C52103X.)

(5) A packed two-dimensional BOOLEAN array with more thanINTEGER'LAST components raises NUMERICERROR when the arraytype is declared. (See test C52104Y.)

(6) A itull array with one dimension of length greater thanINTEGER'LAST may raise NUMERICERROR or CONSTRAINT ERROReither when declared or assigned. Alternatively, animplementation may accept the declaration. However, lengthsmust match in array slice assignments. This implementationraises NUMERIC ERROR when the array type is declared. (Seetest E52103Y.)

(7) In assigning one-dimensional array types, the expression isevaluated in its entirety before CONSTRAINT ERROR is raisedwhen checking whether the expression's subtype is compatiblewith the target's subtype. (See test C52013A.)

(8) In assigning two-dimensional array types, the expression isnot evaluated in its entirety before CONSTRAINT ERROR israised when checking whether the expression's subtype iscompatible with the target's subtype. (See test C52013A.)

f. Discriminated types.

(1) In assigning record types with discriminants, the expressionis evaluated in its entirety before CONSTRAINT ERROR is raisedwhen checking whether the expression's subtype is compatiblewith the target's subtype. (See test C52013A.)

g. Aggregates.

(1) In the evaluation of a multi-dimensional aggregate, allchoices are evaluated before checking against the index type.(See tests C43207A and C43207B.)

(2) In the evaluation of an aggregate containing subaggregates,not all choices are evaluated before being checked foridentical bounds. (See test E43212B.)

(3) CONSTRAINT ERROR is raised before all choices are evaluatedwhen a bound in a non-null range of a non-null aggregate doesnot belong to an index subtype. (See test E43211B.)

2-4


h. Pragmas.

(1) The pragma INLINE is supported for functions and procedures.(See tests LA3004A..B, EA3004C..D, and CA3004E..F.)

i. Generics

(1) Generic specifications and bodies can be compiled in separatecompilations. (See tests CAl012A, CA2009C, CA2009F, BC3204C,and BC3205D.)

(2) Generic unit bodies and their subunits can be compiled inscparate compilations. (See test C"A13 A.)

j. Input and output

(1) The package SEQUENTIAL 10 can be instantiated withunconstrained array types and record types with discriminantswithout defaults. (See tests AE2101C, EE2201D, and EE220IE.)

(2) The package DIRECT 10 cannot be instantiated withunconstrained array types or record types with discriminantswithout defaults. (See tests AE2i01H, EE2401D, and EE2401G.)

(3) Create with mode OUT FILE and open with modes IN FILE andOUT FILE is supported, but create with mode IN FILE is notsupported for SEQUENTIALI0. (See tests CE2102D..E, CE2102N,and CE2102P.)

(4) Create with modes OUT FILE and INOUT FILE is supported forDIRECT IO. Open with modes IN FILE, OUT FILE, and INOUTFILEis supported for DIRECT 10. (See tests CE2102F, CE2102I..J,CE2102R, CE2102T, and CE2TO2V.)

(5) Create with mode OUT FILE and open with modes IN FILE andOUT FILE is supported, but create with mode IN FILE is notsupported for text files. (See tests CE3102E and CE31021..K.)

(6) RESET and DELETE operations are supported for SEQUENTIAL IO.(See tests CE2102G and CE2102X.)

(7) RESET and DELETE operations are supported fcr DIRECTIO. (Seetests CE2102K and CE2102Y.)

(8) RESET and DELETE operations are supported for text files.(See tests CE3102F..G, CE3104C, CE311OA, and CE3114A.)

(9) Overwriting to a sequential file truncates to the last elementwritten. (See test CE2208B.)

2-5


(10) Temporary sequential files are given names and deleted whenclosed. (See test CE21O8A.)

(11) Temporary direct files are given names and deleted when

closed. (See test CE2108C.)

(12) Temporary text files are given names and deleted when closed.(See test CE3112A.)

(13) More than one internal file can be associated with each

external file for sequential files when reading only. (Seetests CE2107A..E, CE2102L, CE2ilOB, and CE2111D.)


external file for direct files when reading only. (See testsCE2107F..H (3 tests), CE211OD, and CE2111H.)


external file for text files when reading only. (See testsCE3111A..E, CE3114B, and CE3115A.)

2-6

CHAPTER 3

TEST INFORMATION

3.1 TEST RESULTS

Version 1.10 of the ACVC comprises 3717 tests. When this compiler wastested, 44 tests had been withdrawn because of test errors. The AVFdetermined that 460 tests were inapplicable to this implementation. Allinapplicable tests were processed during validation testing except for 285executable tests that use floating-point precision exceeding that supportedby the implementation . Modifications to the code, processing, or gradingfor 75 tests were required to successfully demonstrate the test objective.(See section 3.6.)

The AVF concludes that the testing results demonstrate acceptableconformity to the Ada Standard.

3.2 SUMMARY OF TEST RESULTS BY CLASS

RESULT TEST CLASS TOTALA B C D E L

Passed 128 1132 1866 15 26 46 3213

Inapplicable 1 6 449 2 2 0 460

Withdrawn 1 2 35 0 6 0 44

TOTAL 130 1140 2350 17 34 46 3717

3-1

TEST INFORMATION

3.3 SUMMARY OF TEST RESULTS BY CHAPTER

RESULT CHAPTER TOTAL

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

Passed 192 547 495 245 171 99 162 331 137 36 252 265 281 3213

Inappl 20 102 185 3 1 0 4 1 0 0 0 104 40 460

Wdrn 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 35 4 44

TOTAL 213 650 680 248 172 99 166 334 137 36 253 404 325 3717

3.4 WITHDRAWN TESTS

The following 44 tests were withdrawn from ACVC Version 1.10 at the time ofthis validation:

E28005C A39005G B97102E C97116A BC3009B CD2A62DCD2A63A CD2A63B CD2A63C CD2A63D CD2A66A CD2A66BCD2A66C CD2A66D CD2A73A CD2A73B CD2A73C CD2A73DCD2A76A CD2A76B CD2A76C CD2A76D CD2A81G CD2A83GCD2A84M CD2A84N CD2B15C CD2D11B CD5007B CD50110ED7004B ED7005C FD7005D ED7006C ED7006D CD7105ACD7203B CD7204B CD7205C CD7205D CE21071 CE3111CCE3301A CE3411B

See Appendix D for the reason that each of these tests was withdrawn.

3.5 INAPPLICABLE TESTS

Some tests do not apply to all compilers because they make use of featuresthat a compiler is not required by the Ada Standard to support. Others maydepend on the result of another test that is either inapplicable orwithdrawn. The applicability of a test to an implementation is consideredeach time a validation is attempted. A test that is inapplicable for onevalidation attempt is not necessarily inapplicable for a subsequentattempt. For this validation attempt, 460 tests were inapplicable for thereasons indicated:

a. The following 285 tests are not applicable because they havefloating-point type declarations requiring more digits thanSYSTEM.MAXDIGITS:

C24113F..Y C35705F..Y C35706F..Y C35707F..YC35708F..Y C35802F..Z C45241F..Y C45321F..YC45421F..Y C45521F..Z C45524F..Z C45621F..Z

3-2

TEST INFORMATION

C45641F..Y C46012F..Z

b. C35702A and B86001T are not applicable because this implementationsupports no predefined type SHORTFLOAT.

c. The following 16 tests are not applicable because thisimplementation does ,iot support a predefined type LONGINTEGER:

C4 231C C45304C C45502C C45503C C45504CC45504F C45611C C45613C C45614C C45631CC45632C B52004D C55B07A B55B09C B86001WCP7101F

d. C4557 iM..P (4 tests) and C45532M..P (4 tests) are not applicablebecause the value of SYSTEM.MAXMANTISSA is less than 47.

e. C4AOI3B is not applicable because the evaluation of an expressioninvolving 'MACHINE RADIX applied to the most precisefloating-point type would raise an exception; since the expressionmust be static, it is rejected at compile time.

f. D4A004B is not applicable because this implementation does not-,pport a static universal expression with a value that liesoutside of the range SYSTEM.MININT ... SYSTEM.MAXINT.

g. D64005G is not applicable because this implementation does notsupport nesting 17 levels of recursive proccdure calls.

h. B86001Y is not applicable because this implementation supports nopredefined fixed-point type other than DURATION.

i. B86001Z is not applicable because this implementation supports nopredefined floating-point type with a name other than FLOAT,LONGFLOAT, or SHORTFLOAT.

j. C96005B is not applicable because there are no values of typeDURATION'BASE that are outside the range of DURATION.

k. CDl009C, CD2A41A..B (2 tests), CD2A41E, and CD2A42A..J (10 tests)are not applicable because this implementation does not supportsize clauses for floating point types unless the size given is thesame as would have been chosen by the compiler.

1. CD2A61I and CD2A61J are not applicable because this implementationdoes not support size clauses for array types, which implycompression, with component types of composite or floating pointtypes. This implementation requires an explicit size clause onthe component type.

m. CD2A84B..I (8 tests) and CD2A84K..L (2 tests) are not applicablebecause this implementation does not support size clauses foraccess types unless the size given is 32.

3-3

TEST INFORMATION

n. CD2Bl5B is not applicable because this implementation allocatesmore memory to collection size than is asked for by the test.

o. The following 76 tests are not applicable because, for thisimplementation, address clauses are not supported:

CD5003B..I (8) CD5011A..I (9) CD5O11K..N (4)CD5011Q..S (3) CD5OI2A..J (10) CD5012L..M (2)CD5Ol3A..I (9) CD5O13K..O (5) CD5O13R..S (2)CD5Ol4A..O (15) CD5OI4R..Z (9)

p. AE2101H, EE2401D, and EE2401G use instantiations of packageDIRECT 10 with unconstrained array types and record types withdiscriminants without defaults. These instantiations are rejectedby this compiler.

q. CE2102E is inapplicable because this implementation supportsCREATE with OUTFILE mode for SEQUENTIALIO.

r. CE2102F is inapplicable because this implementation supportsCREATE with INOUTFILE mode for DIRECTIO.

s. CE2102J is inapplicable because this implementation supportsCREATE with OUTFILE mode for DIRECT_10.

t. CE2102N is inapplicable because this implementation supports OPENwith INFILE mode for SEQUENTIALIO.

u. CE21020 is inapplicable because this implementation supports RESETwith INFILE mode for SEQUENTIALIO.

v. CE2102P is inapplicable because this implementation supports OPENwith OUTFILE mode for SEQUENTIALIO.

w. CE2102Q is inapplicable because this implementation supports RESETwith OUTFILE mode for SEQUENTIALIO.

x. CE2102R is inapplicable because this implementation supports OPENwith INOUTFILE mode for DIRECTIO.

y. CE2102S is inapplicable because this implementation supports RESETwith INOUTFILE mode for DIRECTIO.

z. CE2102T is inapplicable because this implementation supports OPENwith INFILE mode for DIRECTIO.

aa. CE2102U is inapplicable because this implementation supports RESETwith INFILE mode for DIRECTIO.

ab. CE2102V is inapplicable because this implementation supports OPENwith OUTFILE mode for DIRECTIO.

ac. CE2102W is inapplicable because this implementation supports RESET

3-4

TEST INFORMATION

with OUTFILE mode for DIRECTI0.

ad. CE2!05A is inapplicable because CREATE with mode INFILE is notsupported by this implementation for SEQUENTIALI0.

ae. CE2105B is inapplicable because CREATE with IN FILE mode is notsupported for direct access files.

af. CE2107B..E (4 tests), CE2107L, CE211OB, and CE2111D are notapplicable because multiple internal files cannot be associatedwith the same external file when one or more files is writing forsequential files. The proper exception is raised when multipleaccess is attempted.

ag. CE21O7G..H (2 tests), CE211OD, and CE2111H are not applicablebecause multiple internal files cannot be associated with the sameexternal file when one or more files is writing for direct files.The proper exception is raised when multiple access is attempted.

ah. CE3109A is inapplicable because text file CREATE with INFILE modeis not supported.

ai. CE3102F is inapplicable because this implementation supports RESETfor text files.

aj. CE3102G is inapplicable because this implementation supportsdeletion of an external file for text files.

ak. CE31021 is inapplicable because this implemenLation supportsCREATE with OUT FILZ mode for text files.

al. CE31093 is inapplicable because this implementation supports OPENwith INFILE mode for text files.

am. CE3102K is inapplicable because this implementation supports OPENwith OUTFILE mode for text files.

an. CE3111B, CE3111D..E (2 tests), CE3114B, and CE3115A are notapplicable because multiple internal files cannot be associatedwith the same external file when one or more files is writing fortext files. The proper exception is raised when multiple accessis attempted.

3-5

TEST INFORMATION

3.6 TEST, PROCESSING, AND EVALUATION MODIFICATIONS

It is expected that some tests will require modifications of code,processing, or evaluation in order to compensate for legitimateimplementation behavior. Modifications are made by the AVF in cases wherelegitimate implementation behavior prevents the successful completion of an(otherwise) applicable test. Examples of such modifications include:adding a length clause to alter the default size of a collection; splittinga Class B test into subtests so that all errors are detected; andconfirming that messages produced by an executable test demonstrateconforming behavior that wasn't anticipated by the test (such as raisingone exception instead of another).

Modifications were required for 75 tests.

The following tests were split because syntax errors at one point resultedin the compiler not detecting other errors in the test:

B22003A B22003B B22004A B22004B B22004C B23004AB23004B B24001A B24001B B24001C B24005A B24005BB24007A B24009A B24204B B24204C B24204D B25002BB26001A B26002A B26005A B28003A B28003C B29001AB2AOO3B B2AOO3C B2AOO3D B2AOO7A B32103A B33201BB33202B B33203B B33301B B35101A B36002A B36201AB37205A B37307B B38003A B38003B B38009A B38009BB41201A B41202A B44001A B44004B B44004C B45205AB48002A B48002D B510O1A B51003A B51003B B53003AB55AOlA B64001B B64006A B67001H B74003A B91001HB95001C B95003A B95004A B95079A BB3005A BC1303FBC2001D BC2001E BC3003A BC3003B BC3005B BC3013ABD5008A

C45651A required evaluation modification because the test contains an ifstatement with a range that excludes some allowable values and FAILED maybe called. The AVO has ruled that the failure message "ABS 928.0 NOT INCORRECT RANGE" may be ignored and the test graded as passed.

D4AO04B was rejected at compile time because it contains a static universalexpression with a value that lies outside of the rangeSYSTEM.MIN INT ... SYSTEM.MAX INT. The AVO has ruled this test as notapplicable-to this implementation.

3-6

TEST INFORMATION

3.7 ADDITIONAL TESTING INFORMATION

3.7.1 Prevalidation

Prior to validation, a set of test results for ACVC Version 1.10 producedby the VAX/VMS Cross Development Facility was submitted to the AVF by theapplicant for review. Analysis of these results demonstrated that thecompiler successfully passed all applicable tests, and the compilerexhibited the expected behavior on all inapplicable tests.

3.7.2 Test Method

Testing of the VAX/VMS Cross Development Facility using ACVC Version 1.10was conducted on-site by a validation team from the AVF. The configurationin which the testing was performed is described by the followingdesignations of hardware and software components:

Host computer: R1O00 Series 200 Model 20Host operating system: Rational Environment, Version D 11 0 8Target computer: DEC Vaxstation IITarget operating system: VMS 4.7Compiler: VAX/VMS Cross Development Facility,

Version 5

The host and target computers were linked via Ethernet.

A magnetic tape containing all tests except for withdrawn tests and testsrequiring unsupported floating-point precisions was taken on-site by thevalidation team for processing. Tests that make use ofimplementation-specific values were customized before being written to themagnetic tape. Tests requiring modifications during the prevalidationtesting were included in their modified form on the magnetic tape.

The contents of the magnetic tape were loaded directly onto the hostcomputer.

After the test files were loaded to disk, the full set of tests wascompiled on the R1O00 Series 200 Model 20, then all executable images weretransferred to the DEC Vaxstation II via Ethernet, linked, and run.Results were printed from the host computer.

The compiler was tested using command scripts provided by Rational andreviewed by the validation team. The compiler was tested using all defaultoption settings except for the following:

OPTION EFFECT

CreateSubprogramSpecs := False Missing subprogram specs are notautomatically created when thesubprogram body is added to theprogram library.

3-7

TEST INFORMATION

Tests were compiled, linked, and executed (as appropriate) using a singlehost and target computer. Test output, compilation listings, and job logswere captured on magnetic tape and archived at the AVF. The listingsexamined on-site by the validation team were also archived.

3.7.3 Test Site

Testing was conducted at Santa Clara CA and was completed on 12 July 1989.

3-8

APPENDIX A

DECLARATION OF CONFORMANCE

Rational has submitted the following Declaration ofConformance concerning the VAX/VMS Cross DevelopmentFacility.

A-I

DECLARATION OF CONFORMANCE

Compiler Lmplementor: RationalAda Validazion Facility: ASD/SCEL, Wight-Pattersn ArFB OH 45433-6503Ada Comriler Validation Capability (ACVC) Version: 1.10

Base Configuration

Base Comiler Narre: VAX/VMS Cross Development Facility Vers;on: 5Host Architcture: RO000 Seres 200, Model 20Q'. "ating System: Rational Environmen: Version D_ 1_0_8

Target Ar ec-are: DEC Vaxstadion II

Operating System VMS 4.7

Implementor's Declaration

I. the undersigned, representing Rational, have irnplremented no deliberate extensions :o LteAda Language Sta:dnd A.NSIMIL-STD- IS 15A in the compiler listed in this declaranon.I declare that Rartional is the owner of record of the Ada language compilers listed aboveand, as such, -s responsible for maintaining said compiler In conformance to ANSI/MI.L-STD-1815A. All cerdicates and registrations for Ada language compiler(s) Listed in thisdeclaratic, shall be made oniy in the owners corporate zame.

_ _ _ _ _ _ _ Date: _ _ _ _ _Sanona1 '

David H. BernsteinVice President, Product Development

Owners Declaration

1. the undersgned. rpresenting Rationai. take ful responsibility for implementation andmaintenance of the Ada com. ier' s) Is:ed above, and agree to the public disclosure ofthe final Vadidation Stmmary Report. I dec!are that all of the Ada language comrilerslisted, and their hosttarget pertormzance are in compliance with the Ada LanguageS I tArr.S'S DMIE* STD-18 15 A___________n__________Date: _ __ . _,_

A.rionalDavid H. BernstemnVice President, Product Deveiopment

A\-.

APPENDIX B

APPENDIX F OF THE Ada STANDARD

The only allowed implementation dependencies correspond toimplementation-dependent pragmas, to certain machine-dependent conventionsas mentioned in chapter 13 of the Ada Standard, and to certain allowedrestrictions on representation clauses. The implementation-dependentcharacteristics of the VAX/VMS Cross Development Facility, Version 5, asdescribed in this Appendix, are provided by Rational. Unless specificallynoted otherwise, references in this Appendix are to compiler documentationand not to this report. Implementation-specific portions of the packageSTANDARD, which are not a part of Appendix F, are:

package STANDARD is

type INTEGER is range -2147483648 .. 2147483647;type SHORT INTEGER is range -32768 .. 32767;type SHORT-SHORTINTEGER is range -128 .. 127;

type FLOAT is digits 6 range-16#1.FFFFFE# * 2.0 ** 126 .. 16#1.FFFFFE# * 2.0 ** 126;

type LONG FLOAT is digits 9 range-16#1.FFFFFFFFFFFFF# * 2.0 ** 126 .. 16#1.FFFFFFFFFFFFF# * 2.0 ** 126;

type DURATION is delta 16#1.0# * 2.0 ** (-14) range-16#1.0# * 2.0 ** 17 .. 16#1.FFFFFFFC# * 2.0 ** 16;

end STANDARD;

B-i

Appendix F to the LRM for the VaxVms Target

The Reference Manual for the Ada Programming Language (LRM) specifies that certain features ofthe language are implementation-dependent. It requires that these implementation dependen-cies be defined in an appendix called Appendix F. This is Appendix F for the VaxVms target,compiler Version 5. It contains materials on the following topics listed for inclusion by the LRMon page F-I:

" Implementation-dependent pragmas

" Implementation-dependent attributes

• Package System

• Representation clauses

• Implementation-dependent components

• Interpretation of expressions that appear in address clauses

" Unchecked conversion

" Implementation-dependent characteristics of I/O Packages

These topics appear in section and subsection titles of this appendix. The appendix containsother topics mentioned in the LRM as being implementation dependent. For these, a referenceto the LRM is given in the section or subsection title.

IMPLEMENTATION-DEPENDENT PRAGMAS

The VAX/VMlS cross-compiler supports pragmas for application software development inaddition to those listed in Annex B of the LRM. They are described below, along withadditional clarifications and restrictions for pragmas defined in Annex B of the LIRM.

Pragma Main

A parameterless library-unit procedure without subunits can be designated as a main programby including a pragma Main at the end of the unit specification or body. This pragma causesthe linker to run and create an executable program when the body of this subprogram is coded.Before a unit having a pragma Main can be coded, all units in the wvith closure of the unit mustbe coded.

The pragma Main has three arguments:

RATIONAL B-2

VAX/VMS CDF Appendix F

" Target: A string specifying the target key. If this argument appears and it does not matchthe current target key, the pragma Main is ignored. If the Target parameter matches thecurrent target key or does not appear, pragma Main is honored. A single source copy of amain program may be used for different targets by putting in multiple Main pragmas withdifferent target parameters and different stack-sizes and/or different heap-sizes.

* StackSize: A static integer expression specifying the size in bytes of the main task stack.The value must lie in the range 1024 . 2**31 - 1. If not specified, the default value is 64Kbytes.

" Heap Size: A static integer expression specifying the size in bytes of the heap. The valuemust lie in the range 0 .. 2**31 - 1. If not specified the value 2**31 - I is used. For eitherspecified or default values, exceeding the VAX/VMS jobs page limit will cause storage-error.

The complete syntax for this pragma is:

pragmamain : = PRAGMA MAINC (mainoption m , ain-option } ) ]

main-option : TARGET => simple name ISTACKSIZE => staticinteger expression IHEAPSIZE => staticinteger_expression

The pragma Main must appear immediately after the declaration or body of a parameterlesslibrary-unit procedure without subunits.

Pragma Nickname

The pragma Nickname can be used to give a unique string name to a procedure or function inaddition to its normal Ada name. This unique name can be used to distinguish among over-loaded prucedures or functions in the importing and exporting pragmas defined in subsequentsections.

The pragma Nickname must appear immediately following the declaration or which it is toprovide a nickname. It has a single argument, the nickname, which must be a string constant.

For example:

function Cat (L: Integer; R: String) return String;pragma Nickname ("Int-Str-.at");

function Cat (L: String; 1: Integer) return String;pragma Nickname ("Str-Int-Cat");

pragma Interface (Assembly, Cat);

pragma Import-Function (Internal => Cat,Nickname => "Int-Str-Cat",External => "CAT$INTSTRCONCAT",Mechanism => (Value, Reference)):

pragma ImportFunction (Internal => Cat,

P-3 RATIONAL

Appendix IV: Appendix F for the Vax_Vms Target

Nickname => "Str-Int-Cat",External => "CAT$STRINT CONCAT",Mechanism => (Reference, Value));

Pragmas ImportProcedure ImportValuedProcedureand ImportFunction

A subprogram written in another language (typically, assembly language) can be called from anAda program if it is declared with a pragma Interface. The rules for placement of pragmaInterface are given in Section 13.9 of the LIM. Every interfaced subprogram must have animporting pragma recognized by the VAX/VMS cross-compiler, either ImportProcedure,ImportValuedProcedure or ImportFunction. These pragmas are used to declare the externalname of the subprogram and the parameter-passing mechanism for the subprogram call. If aninterfaced subprogram does not have an importing pragma, or if the importing pragma isincorrect, pragma interface is ignored.

Importing pragmas can be applied only to nongeneric procedures and functions.

The pragmas ImportProcedure, ImportValuedIProcedure and ImportFunction are used forimporting subproglams. Import-Procedure is used to call a non-Ada procedure;Import-Function, a non-Ada function. ImportValuedProcedure is used to a call a non-Adafunctir, which has out parameters. Since out parameters are not allowed in Ada functions, thepragma has the effect of turning the function into a procedure whose first parameter is theresult of the function.

Each import pragma must be preceded by a pragma Interface; otherwise, the placement rulesfor these pragmas are identical to those of the pragma Interface.

The importing pragmas have the form:

importingpragma = PRAGMA importing_type( INTERNAL => I internal nameC , C EXTERNAL => I external-name I[ , PARAMETER-TYPES => I

parametertypes ]R , ESULTTYPE => ] type-mark ] I

NICKNAME => string literal It MECHANISM => ] mechanisms )

imporLing type := IMPORT PROCEDURE I IMPORTFUNCTION IIMPORT VALUED PROCEDURE

internal-name := identifier Istring literal -- An operator designator

external-name := identifier I stringliteral

parameter-types : ( NULL ) I ( typemark { , type-mark

mechanisms := mechanism name Imechanism-name { , mechanism name

RATIONAL B-4


mechanism-name VALUE I REFERENCE I DESCRIPTOR(S)

The internal name is the Ada name of the subprogram being interfaced. If more than onesubprogram is in the declarative region preceding the importing pragma, the correctsubprogram must be identified by either using the argument types (and result type, if afunction) or specifying the nickname.

If it is used to identify a subprogram with an overloaded internal name, the value of theParameterTypes argument consists of a list of type or subtype names, not names of

?r..r.et2-. Each -o ,,rrc-,rs pnitinnallv to a formal parameter in the subprogram'sdeclaration. If the subprogram has no parameters, the list consists of the single word null. For afunction, the value of the ResultType argument is the name of the type returned by thefunction.

The external designator, specified with the External parameter, is a character string that is anidentifier suitable for the VAX/VMS assembler. If the external designator is not specified, theinternal name is used.

The Mechanism argument is required if the subprogram has any parameters. The argumentspecifies, in a parenthesized list, the passing mechanism for each parameter to be passed. Theremust be a mechanism specified for each parameter listed in parametertypes and they mustcorrespond positionally. The types of mechanism are as follows.

" Value: Specifies that the parameter is passed on the stack by immediate value.

" Reference: Specifies that the parameter is passed on the stack by address. Used forstructures having many values.

* Descriptor(S): Specifies that the parameter is passed by VAX/VMS "S" Descriptor. Thismechanism should only be used with VMS services.

For functions, it is not possible to specify the passing mechanism of the function result; thestandard Ada mechanism for the given type of the function result must be used by theinterfaced subprogram. If there are parameters, and they all use the same passing mechanism,then an alternate form for the Mechanism argument can be used: instead of a parenthesized listwith an element for each parameter, the single mechanism name (not parenthesized) can beused instead.

Examples:

procedure Locate (Source: in String;

Target: in String;Index: out Natural);

pragma Interface (Assembler, Locate);pragma Import Procedure

(Internal => Locate,

External => "STR$LOCATE",ParameterTypes => (String, String, Natural),Mechanism => (Reference, Reference, Value));

B-5 RATIONAL

Appendix IV: Appendix F for the VaxVms Target

function Pwr (I: Integer; N: Integer) return Float;function Pwr (F: Float; N: Integer) return Float;

pragma Interface (Assembler, Pwr);

pragma ImportFunction(Internal => Pwr,ParameterTypes => (Integer, Integer),

Result-Type => Float,Mechanism => Value,

External => "MATH$PWROFINTEGER");pragma I14 rt_7ur.c icn

(Internal => Pwr,ParameterTypes => (Float, Integer),Result-Type => Float,Mechanism => Value,External => "MATH$PWROFFLOAT");

Pragmas Export-Procedure and ExportFunction

A subprogram written in Ada can be made accessible to code written in another language byusing an exporting pragma defined by the VAX/VMS cross-compiler. The effect of such apragma is to give the subprogram a defined symbolic name that the linker can use whenresolving references between object modules.

Exporting pragmas can be applied only to nongeneric procedures and functions.

An exporting pragma can be given only for subprograms that are library units or that aredeclared in the specification of a library, package. An exporting pragma can be placed after asubprogram body only if the subprogram does not have a separate specification. Thus, anexporting pragma cannot be applied to the body of a library subprogram that has a separatespecification.

These pragmas have similar arguments to the importing p.iaiiias, except that it is not possibleto specify the parameter-passing mechanism. The standard Ada parameter-passingmechanisms are chosen. For descriptions of the pragma's arguments (Internal, External,Parameter_Types, Result_Type, and Nickname), see the preceding section on the importingpragmas.

The full syntax of the pragmas for exporting subprograms is:

exportingpragma : := PRAGMA exporting typeINTERNAL => I internal name, [ EXTERNAL => ] external-name I

r , c PARAMETER-TYPES => ] parametertypesf , [ RESULTTYPE => I type mark I

NICKNAME => stringliteral I ]exportingtype : : EXPORTPROCEDURE I EXPORT-FUNCTIONinternal-name : identifier I

stringliteral -- An operitor desig.atorexternalname . identifier I stringliteral

RATIONAL B-6


parameter-types ( NULL ) I ( typemark { , typemark

Examples:

procedure MatrixMultiply(A, B: in Matrix; C: out Matrix);

pragma Export Procedure (Matrix-Multiply);-- External name is the string "Matrix Multiply"function Sin (R: Radians) return Float;pragma ExportFunction

(Internal => Sin,External => "SIN RADIANS");

-- External name is the string "SINRADIANS"

Pragma ExportElaborationProcedure

The pragma ExportIElaborationProcedure makes the elaboration procedure for a givencompilation unit available to external code by defining a global symbolic name. This procedureis otherwise unnamable by the user. Its use is confined to the exceptional circumstances wherean Ada module is not elaborated because it is not in the closure of the main program or if themain program is not an Ada program. This pragma is not recommended for use in applicationprograms unless the user has a thorough understanding of elaboration, runtime and storagemodel considerations.

The pragma ExportElaborationProcedure must appear immediately following the

compilation unit.


pragmaexportelaborationyprocedurePRAGMA EXPORTELABORATIONPROCEDURE ( EXTERNAL NAME => external-name );

externalname ::= identifier I stringliteral

Pragmas Import-Object and Export-Object

Objects can be imported or exported from an Ada unit with the pragmas Import-Object andExport-Object. The pragma Import-Object causes an Ada name to reference storage declaredand allocated in some external (non-Ada) object module. The pragma Export-Object providesan object declared within an Ada unit with an external symbolic name that the linker can use toallow another program to access the object. It is the responsibility of the programmer to ensurethat the internal structure of the object and the assumptions made by the importing code anddata structures correspond. The cross-compiler cannot check for such correspondence.

The object to be imported or exported must be a variable declared at the outermost level of alibrary package specification or body.

The size of the object must be static. Thus, the type of the object must be one of:

B-7 RATIONAL

Appendix IV: Appendix F for the Vax_Vms Target

" A scalar type (or subtype)

" An array subtype with static index constraints whose component size is static

" A simple record type or subtype

Objects of a private or limited private type can be imported or exported only into the package

that declares the type.

Imported objects cannot have an initial value and thus cannot be:

" A constant

" An access tvDe

" A task type

" A record type with discriminants, with components having default initial expressions, orwith components that are access types or task types

In addition, the object must not be in a generic unit. The external name specified must besuitable as an identifier in the assembler.

The full syntax for the pragmas Import-Object and ExportObject is:

objectpragma ::= PRAGMA objectpragma_ typef INTERNAL => I identifier

, [ EXTERNAL => ] stringliteral ]

objectpragma__type = IMPORTOBJECT I EXPORT-OBJECT

Pragma Suppress-All

This pragma is equivalent to the following sequence of pragmas:

pragma Suppress (AccessCheck);pragma Suppress (DiscriminantCheck);pragma Suppress (DivisionCheck);pragma Suppress (ElaborationCheck);pragma Suppress (IndexCheck);

pragma Suppress (LengthCheck);pragma Suppress (OverflowCheck);pragma Suppress (RangeCheck);pragma Suppress (StorageCheck);

Note that, like pragma Suppress, pragma SuppressAll does not prevent the raising of certainexceptions. For example, numeric overflow or dividing by zero is detected by the hardware,which results in the predefined exception NumericError. Refer to Chapter 5, "RuntimeOrganization," for more information.

Pragma Suppress-All must appear immediately within a declarative part.

RATIONAL B-8

VAX! VMS CDF Appendix F

Pragma AstEntry

A VAX/VMS system service call that employs an AST (see ASTs in the VAX/VMS SystemServices Reference Manual) requires a task entry for a rendezvous. Such a task entry must beidentified with a Pragma AstEntrv in the task specification that accepts the AST call.

The pragma AstEntry has a single argument that identifies the task entry.


pragmaast-e.,tryl ::= PRAGMA ASTENTRY(simple-name);

The pragma AstEntry must appear after the tasK entry declaration.

To employ an AST, a system service call must identify the task entry that will be called as theresult of the AST. This is done by passing to the system service the name of the entry in theform of an AstEntry attribute. See the section "Implementation-Dependent Attributes" below.

IMPLEMENTATION-DEPENDENT ATTRIBUTES

There are two implementation-dependent attribute as follows:

'AstEntryThis attribute specifies the address of a task entry to be called in responseto an AST. EntryName'AstEntry, where EntryName is the name of atask entry, is normally used as the astadr formal parameter to a VMSsystem service call.

'NullParameterFor an object of type or subtype K, K'NullParameter denotes a null objectwith address zero. The null object can only be used as the default for aformal parameter in an imported program or in an actual subprogram callin an imported subprogram. When an optional argument is to be omittedin calls to non-Ada subprograms the argument is replace by the nullobject.

PACKAGE STANDARD (LRM Annex C)

Package Standard defines all the predctined identifiers in the language.

package Standard is

type *Universal_Integer* is ...type *UniversalReal* is .type *Universal Fixed* is ..type Boolean is (False, True);

R ATIONAL

Appendix IV: Appendix F for the VaxVms Target

type Integer is range -2147483648 .. 2147483647;type Short_Short Integer is range -128 .. 127;type Short_Integer is range -32768 .. 32767:

type Float is digits 6 range -16#1.FFFFFE# * 2.0 ** 12616#1.FFFFFE# * 2.0 ** 126;

type LongFloat is digits 9 range -16#1.FFFFFFFFFFFF F# * 2.0 ** 126.. 16#1.FFFFFFFF FFFFF# * 2.0 ** 126;

type Duration is delta 16#1.0# * 2.0 ** (-14)range -16#1.0# * 2.0 ** 17

16#1.FFFFFFFC# * 2.0 ** 16;

subtype Natural is Integer range 0 .. 2147483647;subtype Positive is Integer range 1 .. 2147483647;

type Character is ...

type String is array (Positive range <>) of Character;pragma Pack (String);

package Ascii is ...

ConstraintError : exception;NumericError - exception;

StorageError exception;TaskingError - exception;ProgramError : exception:

end Standard;

The following table shows the default integer and floating-point types:

Suvported Integer and Floating-Point Types

Ada Type Name Size

Short Short Integer 8 bits

ShortInteger 16 bits

Integer 32 bits

Float 32 bits

Long-Float 64 bits

Fixed-point types are implemented using the smallest discrete type possible; it may be S., Ib, or32 bits. Standard.Duration is 32 bits.

RATIONAL -10


PACKAGE SYSTEM (LRM 13.7)

package System is

type Address is private;

type Name is (VaxVms);

System Name constant Name := VaxVms;

StorageUnit constant "= 8;Memory_Size : constant := +(2 ** 31) - 1;

Min Int : constant "=-(2 ** 31);

Max Int constant := +(2 ** 31) - 1;

MaxDigits : constant := 9;Max Mantissa : constant := 31;Fine Delta : constant 1.0 / (2.0 ** 31);Tick : constant := 1.0 1 100.0;

subtype Priority is Integer range 0 .. 255;

function ToAddress (Value Integer) return Address;function ToInteger (Value Address) return Integer;

function "+" (Left Address; Right : Integer) return Address;function "+" (Left : Integer; Right Address) return Address;function .. (Left : Address; Right : Address) return Integer;function ... (Left : Address; Right : Integer) return Address;

function "<" (Left, Right : Address) return Boolean;function "<" (Left, Right Address) return Boolean;function ">" (Left, Right : Address) return Boolean;function ">=" (Left, Right Address) return Boolean;

-- The functions above are unsigned in nature. Neither Numeric Error-- nor ConstraintError will ever be propagated by these functions.

-- Note that this implies:

-- ToAddress (Integer'First) > ToAddress (Integer'Last)

-- and that:

-- ToAddress (0) < ToAddress (-I)

3-' RATIONAL

Appendix IV: Appendix F for the Vax_Vrns Target

-- Also, the unsigned range of Address includes values which are

-- larger than those implied by Memory Size.

AddressZero : constant Address;

private

end System;

REPRESENTATION CLAUSES AND CHANGES OF REPRESENTATON

The VAX/VMS CDF support for representation clauses is described in this section withreference to the relevant section of the LRM. Usage of a clause that is unsupported as specifiedin this section or usage contrary to LRM specification will cause a semantic error unlessspecifically noted.

Length Clauses (LRM 13.2)

Leng h clauses are supported for the VAX/VMS CDF as follows:

" The value in a 'Size clause must be a positive static integer expression. 'Size clauses aresupported for all scalar and composite types, including derived types, with the followingrestrictions:

For all types the value of the size attribute must be greater than equal to the minimum sizenecessary to store the largest possible value of the type.

- For discrete types, the value of the size attribute must be less than or equal to 32.

For fixed types, the value of the size attribute must be less than or equal to 32.

For float types, the size clause can only specify the size the type would have if there wereno clause.

For access and task types, the value of the size attribute must be 32.

-For composite types, a size specification must not imply compression of compositecomponents. Such compression must have been explicitly requested using a length clauseor pragma Pack on the component type.

" 'Storage-Size clauses are supported for access and task types. The value given in aStorageSize clause may be any integer expression, and it is not required to be static.

* 'Small clauses are supported for fixed point types. The value given in a 'Small clause mustbe a non-zero static real number.

RATIONAL B- 12

VAX,, VMS CDF Appendi- F

Enumeration Representation Clauses (LRvIl 13.3)

Enumeration representation clauses are supported with the following restrictions.

" The values given in the clause must be in ascending order.

" Every enumeration literal must have a unique integer value assigned to it.

" The allowable values for an enumeration clause range from (lnteger'First + 1) to Integer'Last.

" Negative numbers are allowed.

Record Representation Clauses (LRLVI 13.4)

Both full and partial representation clauses are supported fcr both discriminatea andundiscriminated records. The static .simnpleexpression in the alignment clause part of arecord representation clause (see LRM 13.4 (4) ) must be a power of two with the followinglimits: 1 <= staticsimple expression <= 16.

The size specified for a discrete field in a component clause must not exceed 32.

Implementation-Dependent Components

The LR.M allows for the generation of names denoting implementation-dependent comporentsin records. For the VAX/VMS CDF, there are no such names visible to the user.

Address Clauses (LRM 13.5)

Address clauses are not supported and will generate a semantic error if used..

Change of Representation (LRIW 13.6)

Change of representation is supported wherever it is implied by support for representationspecifications. In particular, type conversions between array types or record types may causepacking or unpacking to occur; conversions between related enumeration types with differentrepresentations may result in table lookup operations.

OTHER IMPLEMENTATION-DEPENDENT FEATURES

Machine Code (LRM 13.8)

Machine-code insertions are not supported at this time.

Unchecked Storage Deallocation (LRMuv 13.10.1)

Unchecked storage deallocation is implemented by the generic lunctionUncheckedDeallocation defined by the LRM. This procedure can be instantiated with anoblect type and its access type resulting in a procdure that deallocates the object's storage.

R13 ATIONAL

Appendix IV: Appendix F ter the t.x_Vms Target

Objects of ai,v type may be deallocated.

The storage reserved for the entire collection is reclaimed when the progrim exits the scope inwhich the access type is declared. Placing an access type declaration within a block can be auseful implementation strategy when conservation of memory is necessary.

Erroneous use of dangling references may be detected in certain cases. When detected, theexception StorageError is raised. Deallocatiun of objects that were not created throughallocation (ie through UncheckedConversion) may also be detected in certain cases and raisesStorage-Error.

Unchecked Type Conversion (LIRMN 13.10.2)

Unchecked conversion is implemented by the generic function UncheckedConversion definedbv the LRIM. This function can be instantiated with Source and T.r~'ct types resulting in afunction that coi.verts source data vallues into target data values.

Unchecked conversion moves storage units from the source object to the target objectsequentially, starting with the lowest address. Transfer continues until the source object isexhausted or the target object runs out of room. If the target is larger than the source then theremaining bits are undefined. Depending on the target computer a-chitecture, the result ofconversions may be right or left aligned.

Restrictions on Unchecked Type Conversion

" The target type of an unchecked conversion cannot be an unconstrained array type or a1uncorstrained discriminated type without default discriminants.

" Internal consistency among components of the target type is not guaranteed. Discriminantcomponents may contain illegal values or be inconsistent with the use of those discriminantselsewhere in the type representation.

CHARACTERISTICS OF I/O PACKAGES

This section specifies the implementation-dependent characteristics of the I/O packagesSequentialIo, Directlo, Text lo, and .o _Exceptions. These packages are !ocated in the library'Targets.Vax_.Vms.Io . Non-dependert characteristics are as given in Chapter 14 of the LRX,.Each section below sites the relevant ictn in Chapter 14.

Package Low Level lo is not provided t,,r the Vax Vms target.

External Files and File Objects (LRA, 14.1)

An external file is identified bva \ame 1-he allowable strings for the \ame are the legal filenames and full or relative pathlists accepted bv VMS. See the VAX/VMS Users Manual fordetails.

RATIONAL ,-14

VAX/ VMS CDF Appendix F

If a main program completes without closing some TextTo, Seqio, or Direct o file, then someor all data output to the file may not be included in the associated external file.

Input and output are erroneous for access types.

Sequential and Direct Files

This section deals with implementation-dependent features associated with the packagesSequentialJo and Directlo and the file types sequential access and direct access.

File Management (LRM,- 14.2.1)

The exception UseError is raised in the following situations:

" By the procedure Open if the executing process does not have correct access rights for theexternal file.

" By the procedure Open if another process has already opened the external file for exclusiveuse.

" By the procedure Open if the external file is currently opened by another process with modeOut or Inout.

Sequential Input-Output (LRM 14.2.2)

For the Read procedure of SequentialIo, the exception DataError is only raised when the sizeof the data read from the file is greater than the size of the out parameter Item.

Direct Input-Output (LrML 14.2.4)

Package DirectTo may not be instantiated with any type which is either an unconstrained arraytype or a discriminated record type without default discriminants. A semantic error is reportedwhen attempting to install anv unit which contains an instantiatic where the actual type issuch a forbidden type.

For the Read procedure of DirectTo, there is no check performed to ensure that the data readfrom the file can be interpreted as a value of the Element-Type.

Specification of the Package Directlo (LRVI 14.2.5)

The declaration of the type Count in the package Direct lo is

type Count is new Integer range 0 .. Integer'Last;

Text Input-Output (LRM 14.3)

The Text lo default input and output files are associated with the VMS standard input andstandard output paths respectively The terminators used by Text _lo are the sequence Ascii.Cr,Ascci.Lf for the line terminator, and the sequence Ascii.Ff, Ascii.Lf for the page terminator,except for terminators at the end of file which are implicit and not represented by anycharacters.

- IRATIONAL

Appendix IV: Appendix F tor th- Vax_Vms Target

Specification of the Package TextIo (LRM 14.3.10)

The declaration of the type Count in TextJo Ls

type Count is range 0 .. 1_000_000_00;

The declaration of the subtype Field in Textjo is

subtype Field is Integer range 0 .. Integer'Last;

Exceptions in I/O (LRM 14.4)

The execeptions raised in input-output operations are:

" The exceptions as specified in LRM 14.4

" The exception UseError as specified in the two file management subsections above.

" The exception Device-Error, raised for any input-output operation that performs an Os20001/O system call returning as status the error code ESRead or ESWrite

" The exception Device-Error, raised if the status returned from any VAX/VMS I/O call is notone of: ACS, BUSY, CONTROLO, CONTROLC, CONTROLY, CRE, CREATED, CRESTM,CUR, DEL, DUI, EOF, FAC, FEX, FLK, FNF, FNM, IDR, LNE, NMF, NOD, NORMAL,OKALK, OK DEL, OKNOP, OK RLK, OKRNF, OK RRL, OKWAT, PENDING.

RATIONAL

APPENDIX C

TEST PARAMETERS

Certain tests in the ACVC make use of implementation-dependent values, suchas the maximum length of an input line and invalid file names. A test thatmakes use of such values is identified by the extension .TST in its filename. Actual values to be substituted are represented by names that beginwith a dollar sign. A value must be substituted for each of these namesbefore the test is run. The values used for this validation are givenbelow.

Name and Meaning Value

SACC SIZE 32An integer literal whose valueis the number of bits sufficientto hold any value of an accesstype.

SBIG IDI (1..253 => 'A', 254 => '1')An identifier the size of themaximum input line length whichis identical to $BIG ID2 exceptfor the last character.

SBIG ID2 (1..253 => 'A', 254 => '2')An identifier the size of themaximum input line length whichis identical to SBIG IDI exceptfor the last character.

$BIG ID3 (l..126 => 'A', 127 => '1'An identifier the size of the 128..254 => 'A')maximum input line length whichis identical to $BIG ID4 exceptfor a character near-the middle.

C-i

TEST PARAMETERS


SBIG ID4 (1..12 => 'A', 127 => '4',An identifier the size of the 128..254 => 'A')maximum input line length whichis identical to $BIG ID3 exceptfor a character near the middle.

$BIG INT LIT (..251 => '0 °, 252..254 => "298")An integer literal of value 298with enough leading zeroes sothat it is the size of themaximum line length.

$BIG REAL LIT (1..249 => '0', 250..254 => "690.0")A universal real literal ofvalue 690.0 with enough leadingzeroes to be the size of themaximum line length.

$BIG STRING1 (1 => '"', 2..128 => 'A', 129 => '"')

string literal which whencatenated with BIG STRING2yields the image of BIG IDI.

$BIG STRING2 (1 => '"', 2..127 => 'A', 128 => '1',A string literal which when 129 => '"')catenated to the end ofBIG STRINGI yields the image ofBIG-IDI.

$BLANKS (1..234 => '

A sequence of blanks twentycharacters less than the sizeof the maximum line length.

$COUNT LAST 1000000000A universal integerliteral whose value isTEXTIO.COUNT'LAST.

SDEFAULT MEMSIZE 2147483647An integer literal whose valueis SYSTEM.MEMORYSIZE.

$DEFAULT STOR UNIT 8An integer literal whose valueis SYSTEM.STORAGE UNIT.

C-2

TEST PARAMETERS

Namp and Meaning Value

SDEFAULT SYS NAME VAXVMSThe value of the constantSYSTEM.SYSTEMNAME.

$DELTA DOC 0.0000000004656612873077392578125A real literal whose value isSYSTEM.FINEDELTA.

SFIELD LAST 2147483647A universal integerliteral whose value isTEXTIO.FIELD'LAST.

SFIXED NAME NO SUCH FIXED TYPEThe name of a predefinedfixed-point type other thanDURATION.

SFLOAT NAME NO SUCH FLOAT TYPEThe name of a predefinedfloating-point type other thanFLOAT, SHORTFLOAT, orLONGFLOAT.

SGREATER THAN DURATION 1.0A universal real literal thatlies between DURATION'BASE'LASTand DURATION'LAST or any valuein the range of DURATION.

SGREATER THAN DURATION BASE LAST 131073.0A universal real literal that isgreater than DURATION'BASE'LAST.

SHIGH PRIORITY 255An integer literal whose valueis the upper bound of the rangefor the subtype SYSTEM.PRIORITY.

SILLEGAL EXTERNAL FILE NAMEl '\NODIRECTORY\FILENAMEAn external file name whichcontains invalid characters.

SILLEGAL EXTERNAL FILE NAME2 THIS-FILE-NAME-IS-TOO-LONG-FOR-MY-SYSTEMAn external file name whichis too long.

$INTEGER FIRST -2147483648A universal integer literalwhose value is INTEGER'FIRST.

C-3

TEST PARAMETERS


SINTEGER LAST 2147483647A universal integer literalwhose value is INTEGER'LAST.

$INTEGER LAST PLUS 1 2147483648A universal integer literal,,hose value is INTEGER'LAST + 1.

$LESS THAN DURATION -1.0A universal real literal thatlies between DURATION'BASE'FIRSTand DURATION'FIRST or any valuein the range of DURATION.

$LESS THAN DURATION BASE FIRST -131073.0A universal real literal that isless than DURATION'BASE'FIRST.

$LOW PRIORITY 0An integer literal whose valueis the lower bound of the rangefor the subtype SYSTEM.PRIORITY.

$MANTISSA DOC 31An integer literal whose valueis SYSTEM.MAXMANTISSA.

$MAX DIGITS 9Maximum digits supported forfloating-point types.

SMAX IN LEN 254Maximum input line lengthpermitted by the implementation.

SMAX INT 2147483647universal integer literal

whose value is SYSTEM.MAXINT.

SMAX INT PLUS 1 2147483648A universal integer literalwhose value is SYSTEM.MAX INT+I.

$MAX LEN INT BASED LITERAL (1..2 => "2:", 3..251 => '0',A universal - integer based 252..254 => "11:")literal whose value is 2#11#with enough leading zeroes inthe mantissa to be MAXINLENlong.

C-4

TEST PARAMETERS


SMAX LEN REAL BASED LITERAL (1..3 => "16:", 4.-250 => '0',

A universal real based literal 251..254 => "F.E:")

whose value is 16:F.E: with

enough leading zeroes in the

mantissa to be MAX IN LEN long.

$MAX STRING LITERAL (1 => '"', 2..253 => 'A', 254 => '"')

string literal of size

MAX IN LEN, including the quote

characters.

$MIN INT -2147483648

universal integer literalwhose value is SYSTEM.MININT.

$MIN TASK SIZE 32

An integer literal whose value

is the number of bits requiredto hold a task object which has

no entries, no declarations, and"NULL;" as the only statement in

its body.

SNAME SHORTSHORTINTEGER

A name of a predefined numeric

type other than FLOAT, INTEGER,

SHORT FLOAT, SHORT INTEGER,LONGFLOAT, or LONGINTEGER.

SNAME LIST VAXVMS

A list of enumeration literals

in the type SYSTEM.NAME,separated by commas.

SNEG BASED INT 16#FFFFFFFE#

A based integer literal whoqe

highest order nonzero bit

falls in the sign bit

position of the representationfor SYSTEM.MAXINT.

$NEW MEM SIZE 2147483647

An integer literal whose value

is a permitted argument forpragma MEMORY SIZE, other than

SDEFAULT MEM SIZE. If there is

no other value, then use

SDEFAULT MEM SIZE.

C-5

TEST PARAMETERS


$NEW STOR UNIT 8An integer literal whose valueis a permitted argument forpragma STORAGE UNIT, other than$DEFAULT STOR UNIT. If there isno other permitted value, thenuse value of SYSTEM.STORAGE UNIT.

SNEW SYS NAME VAX VMSvalue of the type SYSTEM.NAME,

other than $DEFAULT SYS NAME. Ifthere is only one value of thattype, then use that value.

STASK SIZE 32An integer literal whose valueis the number of bits requiredto hold a task object which hasa single entry with one 'IN OUT'parameter.

STICK 0.01A real literal whose value isSYSTEM.TICK.

C-6

APPENDIX D

WITHDRAWN TESTS

Some tests are withdrawn from the ACVC because they do not conform to theAda Standard. The following 44 tests had been withdrawn at the time ofvalidation testing for the reasons indicated. A reference of the formAI-ddddd is to an Ada Commentary.

a. E28005C: This test expects that the string "-- TOP OF PAGE. --63" ofline 204 will appear at the top of the listing page due to a pragmaPAGE in line 203; but line 203 contains text that follows the pragma,and it is this text that must appear at the top of the page.

b. A39005G: This test unreasonably expects a component clause to pack anarray component into a minimum size (line 30).

c. B97102E: This test contains an unintended illegality: a selectstatement contains a null statement at the place of a selective waitalternative (line 31).

d. C97116A: This test contains race conditions, and it assumes thatguards are evaluated indivisibly. A conforming implementation may useinterleaved execution in such a way that the evaluation of the guardsat lines 50 & 54 and the execution of task CHANGING OF THE GUARDresults in a call to REPORT.FAILED at one of lines 52 or 56.-

e. BC3009B: This test wrongly expects that circular instantiations willbe detected in several compilation units even though none of the unitsis illegal with respect to the units it depends on; by AI-00256, theillegality need not be detected until execution is attempted (line95).

f. CD2A62D: This test wrongly requires that an array object's size be nogreater than 10 although its subtype's size was specified to be 40(line 137).

g. CD2A63A..D, CD2A66A..D, CD2A73A..D, and CD2A76A..D (16 tests): These

D-1

WITHDRAWN TESTS

tests wrongly attempt to check the size of objects of a derived type(for which a 'SIZE length clause is given) by passing them to aderived subprogram (which implicitly converts them to the parent type(A6a standard 3.4:14)). Additionally, they use the 'SIZE lengthclause and attribute, whose interpretation is considered problematicby the WG9 ARG.

h. CD2A81G, CD2A83G, CD2A84M..N, and CD50110 (5 tests): These testsassume that dependent tasks will terminate while the main programexecutes a loop that simply tests for task termination; this is notthe case, and the main program may loop indefinitely (lines 74, 85,86, 96, and 58, respectively). CD2B15C and CD7205C: These testsexpect that a 'STORAGE SIZE length clause provides precise controlover the number of designated objects in a collection; the Adastandard 13.2:15 allows that such control must not be expected.

i. CD2D1B: This test gives a SMALL representation clause for a derivedfixed-point type (at line 30) that defines a set of model numbers thatare not necessarily represented in the parent type; by CommentaryAI-00099, all model numbers of a derived fixed-point type must berepresentable values of the parent type.

j. CD5OO7B: This test wrongly expects an implicitly declared subprogramto be at the address that is specified for an unrelated subprogram(line 303).

k. ED7004B, ED7005C..D, and ED7006C..D (5 tests): These tests checkvarious aspects of the use of the three SYSTEM pragmas; the AVOwithdraws these tests as being inappropriate for validation.

1. CD7105A: This test requires that successive calls to CALENDAR.CLOCKchange by at least SYSTEM.TICK; however, by Commentary AI-00201, it isonly the expected frequency of change that must be at leastSYSTEM.TICK--particular instances of change may be less (line 29).

m. CD7203B and CD7204B: These tests use the 'SIZE length clause andattribute, whose interpretation is considered problematic by the WG9ABG.

n. CD7205D: This test checks an invalid test objective: it treats thespecification of storage to be reserved for a task's activation asthough it were like the specification of storage for a collection.

o. CE21071: This test requires that objects of two similar scalar typesbe distinguished when read from a file--DATA ERROR is expected to beraised by an attempt to read one object as of the other type.However, it is not clear exactly how the Ada standard 14.2.4:4 is tobe interpreted; thus, this test objective is not considered valid(line 90).

p. CE311IC: This test requires certain behavior, when two files areassociated with the same external file, that is not required by the

D-2

WITHDRAWN TESTS

Ada standard.

q. CE3301A: This test contains several calls to END OF LINE andENDOFPAGE that have no parameter: these calls were intended tospecify a file, not to refer to STANDARDINPUT (lines 103, 107, 118,132, and 136).

r. CE3411B: This test requires that a text file's column number be set toCOUNT'LAST in order to check that LAYOUT ERROR is raised by a

subsequent PUT operation. But the former operation will generallyraise an exception due to a lack of available disk space, and the testwould thus encumber validation testing.

D-3

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