03 computers historical perspective
TRANSCRIPT
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Computers
Historical
Perspective
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Chronology
1833 Charles Babbage (English mathematician)
Analytical Engine / Difference Engine
Concept of a universal digital calculator
1890 Dr. Herman Hollerith (Census Bureau)Invented and used punched cards
1920s Punched cards introduced in Canada and Europe
Used by large companies and govts.
1930s 80-col card introduced, Accounting Machine
introduced,
1940s Computers developed by several universities,
Unit Record Machines introduced
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Chronology
1946 ENIAC (Electronic Numerical
Integrator and Computer)
1950s Electromagnetic moving parts and
vacuum tubes introduced; RemingtonRand UNIVAC I developed. First
commercial computer used in Federal
govt., General Electric
1960s 1st transistor and disk storage introduced 1965 Multiple transistors produced on one
physical wafer
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Chronology
1970s multiple circuits combined into an
individual chip (Large Scale Integration
LSI, Very Large Scale Integration
VLSI)
1980s computers that exhibit greater
intelligence
(microcomputers / DSS/ Office
automation)
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Computers
Introduced in the 1950s
1st Generation (Vacuum Tubes)
2nd
Generation (Transistors) 3rd Generation (Wafers Multiple
Transistors)
4th
Generation (Chips LSI; VLSI) 5th Generation (Microprocessors)
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COMPUTER GENERATIONS
1. VACUUM TUBES: 1946-1959
2. TRANSISTORS: 1957-1963
3. INTEGRATED CIRCUITS: 1964-19794. VERY LARGE-SCALE INTEGRATED
(VLSI) CIRCUITS:1980- PRESENT
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Computers
1950s to the 1980s
Data Processing (DP / EDP) Years
Primary use - Speedy consolidation andprocessing of information
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Computers
in the 1980s
Introduction of the microcomputer the
PC
Portable, versatile open architecture
Encompassed other applications that
aided decision making
Clones
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Computers
In the Decade of the 90s
Information Technology (IT)
Computers positioned as strategic tools;exploited and utilized for gaining strategic
and competitive advantage
Included related automation andcommunications technologies
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Computers
2000 to 2010
Information and Communications
Technology (ICT)
Convergence computers now linked to
communications (telephony, TV, Internet)
Mass storage
Multimedia (world-wide-web, wired orwireless, voice / data / image or
combinations)
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Computers
2011 and Beyond
Emergence of Cloud Computing
Growth of a Mobile Digital Businessplatform
Use of Social Networks / Wikis / Blogs
Web 2.0 and Web 3.0
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3 Primary Computing Eras
1. DP or Mainframe
Computer Era
2. Micro or PC
Computing Era
3. Network or
Pervasive
Computing Era
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Stages of Growth