02 generic types grade1

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Paint School1

Paint technology


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Paint School2

Manufacturing a paint

Paint production is a complex

production process

Here, we have simplified the

process by showing some ofthe most important steps.

Paint technology / What is paint1


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Paint School3

Paint consist of:

Binder

Colour pigments

Extenders

Solvents

Additives


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Paint School4

Hydro carbons

Composition of paints

Paints

Binder Pigments Solvents Additives

Natural Resin

Drying oil

Coal Tar

Nitrocellulose

Synthetic Resin

Alkyd

CR

Epoxy

Polyester

Polyurethane

Silicate

Vinyl

Colouring

Extender Anti-settling

Wetting agent

Inhibitive pigm.

Plasticiser

Anti-skinner

Drier

Cathodicallyprotective

Biocides

Ketones

Water

Alcohols

Esters

Ethers


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Paint School5

Generic types of paint


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Paint School6

The properties of a paint will be

decided by the binder

Three generic type of

binders are applied to test

panels: Alkyd, epoxy and

polyurethane

Exposed to sunlight,

water chemicals

Different properties are

demonstrated.

Important to select the

correct type of paint for

the purpose Paint technology / What is paint2


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Paint School7

Good application

properties

1-component

Good weather durability

Good wetting properties

Good recoatability

Good levelling properties Good gloss retention

Dry heat resistant up to

120 C.

Poor chemical resistance

(especially against

alkaline)

Limited water resistance

(submerged)

Limited solvent resistance

Limited film thickness per

coat

Poor adhesion to CR

Never to be used on Zinc

Alkyd paints

Properties

Advantages Limitations


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Paint School8

Ships

Industry

Newbuildings / Maintenance

All exterior and interior objects

Only above water

St 2 to Sa 2 or shop primedsteel

Segments

Objects

Surface preparation

Alkyd paint

Where to use


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Paint School9

Flaking of Alkyd on Zinc

1. Coat: Zinc rich coatings

2. Coat: Alkyd

Never use Alkyd on top ofZinc

Alkyd on Zinc will give

saponificationGjerde flaker

1-8


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Paint School10

Modified Alkyd paints

Styrene alkyds - Quicker drying

Silicone alkyds - better gloss retention

Urethane alkyds - Quicker drying, better water

and chemical resistance. Can be applied in thicker

coats (60-100 microns DFT)


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Paint School11


Low solid content

Poor resistance against

strong solvents Dry heat resistant up to

approximately 80 C

Used for:

Vinyl paints

Properties

Physically drying

Good chemical resistance

Good water resistance

Quick drying

Not temperature dependent

One-component

Exterior objects above water

Offshore on top of Zinc-ethyl silicate


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Paint School12

Advantages

Higher content of

solids

Higher waterresistance

Better wetting

properties

Cost advantages

Disadvantages

Bleeding

Dark colours

Tar on cancer list

Used for:

Under water areas

Vinyl Tar - Modified type

Properties


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Paint School13

Pure Epoxy paints


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Paint School14

Part A:

Epoxy resinSolventsPigmentsExtendersAdditives

+Part B: Curing agentSolventChemical reaction

Evaporation of solvent

ResultInsoluble

3-dimensional

network

Epoxy paints


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Paint School15

Polyamides:

Normal epoxy paints

Amine and amine adduct:

Solvent free coatings

Tank coating

Isocyanates:

Low temperature curing

Reaction with -OH

Curing agents for Epoxy paints


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Paint School16

Advantages

Chemical curing

Very good chemical resistance High alkali resistance

Moderate resistance to acids

Good adhesion

Very low permeability

High mechanical strength Dry heat resistant up to 120 C

Limitations

Chalking

Temperature dependent 2 - component

Requires blast cleaning

Overcoating time

Pure Epoxy paints

Properties


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Paint School17

Pure Epoxy paints

Where to use

Ships

Offshore

Industry

New buildings / Maintenance

Chemical cargo tanks

Blast-cleaned to Sa 2 orshop primed steel

Segments

Objects

Surface preparation


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Paint School18

Modified Epoxy paints


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Paint School19

Modification of paints

We can modify a paint by replacing some of the original binderwith another, suitable binder. Examples of modified Epoxies are:

Epoxy mastic

Coal tar epoxy

Epoxy phenolic We can thereby achieve new properties, such as

Improved penetration

Better water resistance

Better chemical resistance

We will most probably also loose some of the original properties


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Paint School20

Advantages: Chemically curing

More flexible

Excellent water resistance

Better wetting properties

Dry heat resistant up to 90 C

Limitations: Dark colour

Temp. dependent

2-component

Recoating interval

Bleeding when overcoated

Coal Tar is carcinogenic

Epoxy Coal Tar

Properties


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Paint School21

Reduced chemical and solvent resistance

Reduced dry heat resistance

Increased water resistance Better wetting properties

Used for:

Submerged areas, cargo holds

and ballast tanks

Epoxy Coal Tar versus Pure Epoxy


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Paint School22

Epoxy - acrylic

Properties

Very good weather

resistance

Very good gloss retention Very good chemical

resistance

Very good solvent

resistance Cures down to 0 C

Potlife (24 timer)

2-pack

Overcoating time

Positive Limitations


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Paint School23

Epoxy - acrylic paints

Where to use

Ships

Offshore

Industry

New buildings / Maintenance Above water

Indoor and outdoor

Top coat on Epoxy, Epoxy

Mastic, Polyester glass flake

Segments

Objects

Surface preparation


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Paint School24

Epoxy Mastic paints


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Paint School25

Advantages

Chemically curing

Surface tolerant

Light colours Very good water resistance

Very good wetting properties

Good chemical resistance

High solid content

High build (Thick coats) Winter curing agent

Dry heat resistant up to 90 C

Limitations

Epoxy Mastic paints

Properties

Chalking

Temperature dependent

Not to be applied onthick coats of physically

drying paints

Minimum DFT 150 m

by airless spray


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Paint School26

Epoxy Mastic paints

Where to use

Ships

Offshore

Industry


Ballast tanks and Cargo tanks

All exterior and interior surfaces,

above and below water

St 2 to Sa 2 or Water jetted,Magnesium descaled or shop

primed steel

Segments

Objects

Surface preparation


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Paint School27

Very good weather

resistance

Excellent glossdurability

Very good chemical

resistance

Very good solvent

resistance

Cures down to 0 C

2-pack

May cause skinirritation

Overcoating time

Polyurethane paints

Properties



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Paint School28

Polyurethane paints

Where to use

Ships

Offshore

Industry


All exterior substrates above

water (Also internal at times) On top of Epoxy, Epoxy Mastic

and Polyester coatings

Segments

Objects

Surface preparation

UV Light


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Paint School29

UV - Light

Gloss Retention for various paints

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

400 800 1200 1600 2200

Acrylic

PolyurethaneEpoxy

Alkyd

Gloss

Hours accelerated testing


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Paint School30

Zinc rich paints

Zi E


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Paint School31

Zinc Epoxy

Properties

Chemically curing

Good corrosion protection

Good adhesion

Require min. Sa 2

Good mechanical strength

May be recoated with all

types of paint, except Alkyd Dry heat resistant up to 120

C

Temperature dependent

2-component

Film thickness: 25 - 50 m

Not acid- and alkaline

resistant

(Resistant between pH 5-9)


Zi E i


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Zinc Epoxy paints

Where to use

Ships

Offshore

Industry


All exterior and interior objects

above and below water (as holding

primer for underwater use 20-30

microns).

Blast-cleaning to minimum Sa 2

Segments

Objects

Surface preparation

Zi Eth l ili t i t


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Paint School33

Zinc Ethyl silicate paints

Properties

Very good solvent resistance

Very high heath resistance

(max 400 oC)

Very high mechanical

strength

Very good adhesion to blast

cleaned steel

Relatively good re-

coatability

Requires humidity for

curing

2-pack

Max. DFT: 100 m

At higher DFT tendency

of mud-cracking or

checking


Zi Eth l ili t i t


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Paint School

Zinc Ethylsilicate paints

Where to use

Ships

Offshore

Industry


All exterior objects above the

waterline.

Tank coating and Water ballast tank

(No paint on top)

Blast-cleaning to minimum Sa 2

Segments

Objects

Surface preparation

02 generic types grade1

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