02 extraction of liquid mixturesweb.nchu.edu.tw/pweb/users/cmchang/lesson/520.pdfsupercritical fluid...
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TUG SOCRATES Intensive Course, 11.SOCRATES Intensive Course, 11.--23.7.2004, Barcelona23.7.2004, Barcelona
Extraction with Supercritical Fluids:Extraction of Liquid Mixtures
Thomas Gamse
Ass.Prof.Univ.Doz.Dipl.-Ing.Dr.techn.
Department of Chemical Engineering and
Environmental Technology
Graz University of Technology
Inffeldgasse 25/C, A-8010 Graz
Tel: ++43 316 873 7477
Fax: ++43 316 873 7472
Email: [email protected]
TUG SOCRATES Intensive Course, 11.SOCRATES Intensive Course, 11.--23.7.2004, Barcelona23.7.2004, Barcelona
Extraction of Liquid Mixtures
Advantages compared to Solid Materials
continuous process no dead times
higher throughput
fractionation of products
Fundamentals
Design
Applications
TUG SOCRATES Intensive Course, 11.SOCRATES Intensive Course, 11.--23.7.2004, Barcelona23.7.2004, Barcelona
Liquid-Liquid Extraction SCFE
no pressure influence pressure changesdensityviscositysurface tensionphase equilibriumdensity difference
solvent regenerationdistillationre – extractionà energy intensive
simple solvent regeneration
Fundamentals
Design
Applications
Extraction of Liquid Mixtures
TUG SOCRATES Intensive Course, 11.SOCRATES Intensive Course, 11.--23.7.2004, Barcelona23.7.2004, Barcelona
E 1
Feed
SCF 1
S 1
R 1
EX 1
G 1
Single Stage Extraction
Fundamentals
Design
Applications
Extraction of Liquid Mixtures
TUG SOCRATES Intensive Course, 11.SOCRATES Intensive Course, 11.--23.7.2004, Barcelona23.7.2004, Barcelona
Multi-Stage Cross-Flow Extraction
E 1Feed
SCF1
S 1
E 2
R 1
S 2
E 3
SCF 3R 2
SCF 2
EX 1
EX 2
EX 3
E n
SCF n
S n
EX n
R n-1
R n
G 1
G 2
G 3
G n
S 3
Fundamentals
Design
Applications
Extraction of Liquid Mixtures
TUG SOCRATES Intensive Course, 11.SOCRATES Intensive Course, 11.--23.7.2004, Barcelona23.7.2004, Barcelona
Multi-Stage Cross-Flow Extraction
adjustment ofpressuretemperaturesolvent to feed ratio
for each step
accurate fractionation of substances
Fundamentals
Design
Applications
Extraction of Liquid Mixtures
TUG SOCRATES Intensive Course, 11.SOCRATES Intensive Course, 11.--23.7.2004, Barcelona23.7.2004, Barcelona
SCF
Feed
Extract
Raffinate
Gas (low P)
Multi-Stage Counter-Current Extraction
Fundamentals
Design
Applications
Extraction of Liquid Mixtures
TUG SOCRATES Intensive Course, 11.SOCRATES Intensive Course, 11.--23.7.2004, Barcelona23.7.2004, Barcelona
Multi-Stage Counter-Current Extraction
SCF
Feed
Extract
Raffinate
Gas (low P)
Reflux
StrippingSection
EnrichingSection
Liquefied Extraction Gas
Fundamentals
Design
Applications
Extraction of Liquid Mixtures
TUG SOCRATES Intensive Course, 11.SOCRATES Intensive Course, 11.--23.7.2004, Barcelona23.7.2004, Barcelona
Multi-Stage Counter-Current Extraction
influence parameters
pressure
temperature
solvent to feed ratio
dispersed – continuous phase
drop size and drop size distribution
amount of reflux
Fundamentals
Design
Applications
Extraction of Liquid Mixtures
TUG SOCRATES Intensive Course, 11.SOCRATES Intensive Course, 11.--23.7.2004, Barcelona23.7.2004, Barcelona
Columns without internals
SCF
SCF + Extract Feed
Raffinate
Spray column
Design of Extraction Columns
Fundamentals
Design
Applications
TUG SOCRATES Intensive Course, 11.SOCRATES Intensive Course, 11.--23.7.2004, Barcelona23.7.2004, Barcelona
liquidsupercritical fluid
plate with openings
phase contact
Plate Columns
Design of Extraction Columns
Fundamentals
Design
Applications
TUG SOCRATES Intensive Course, 11.SOCRATES Intensive Course, 11.--23.7.2004, Barcelona23.7.2004, Barcelona
Packed Columns
different kind of internals
Fundamentals
Design
Applications
Design of Extraction Columns
TUG SOCRATES Intensive Course, 11.SOCRATES Intensive Course, 11.--23.7.2004, Barcelona23.7.2004, Barcelona
structured packings
Packed Columns
different kind of internals
Fundamentals
Design
Applications
Design of Extraction Columns
TUG SOCRATES Intensive Course, 11.SOCRATES Intensive Course, 11.--23.7.2004, Barcelona23.7.2004, Barcelona
Columns with Energy Input
pulsating sieve plate column
Fundamentals
Design
Applications
Design of Extraction Columns
TUG SOCRATES Intensive Course, 11.SOCRATES Intensive Course, 11.--23.7.2004, Barcelona23.7.2004, Barcelona
pulsating column with internals
Columns with Energy Input
pulsating sieve plate column
Fundamentals
Design
Applications
Design of Extraction Columns
TUG SOCRATES Intensive Course, 11.SOCRATES Intensive Course, 11.--23.7.2004, Barcelona23.7.2004, Barcelona
swinging plate column
pulsating column with internals
Columns with Energy Input
pulsating sieve plate column
Fundamentals
Design
Applications
Design of Extraction Columns
TUG SOCRATES Intensive Course, 11.SOCRATES Intensive Course, 11.--23.7.2004, Barcelona23.7.2004, Barcelona
A
19
extract 1 extract 2feedraffinatemodifier
DV
DV
CO 2-tank
Fundamentals
Design
Applications
Design of Extraction Columns
TUG SOCRATES Intensive Course, 11.SOCRATES Intensive Course, 11.--23.7.2004, Barcelona23.7.2004, Barcelona
Fundamentals
Design
Applications
Design of Extraction Columns
TUG SOCRATES Intensive Course, 11.SOCRATES Intensive Course, 11.--23.7.2004, Barcelona23.7.2004, Barcelona
Fundamentals
Design
Applications
Design of Extraction Columns
TUG SOCRATES Intensive Course, 11.SOCRATES Intensive Course, 11.--23.7.2004, Barcelona23.7.2004, Barcelona
High pressure extraction
Distillation
Distillate (Alcohol)
Raffinate
Extract (aroma substances)
WINE
Alcohol free Raffinate
Alcohol reduced Wine
Applications
Fundamentals
Design
Applications
TUG SOCRATES Intensive Course, 11.SOCRATES Intensive Course, 11.--23.7.2004, Barcelona23.7.2004, Barcelona
Vacuum- distillation
High Pressure
Extraction
Extract = Aroma
Raffinate
Distillate = Aroma + Ethanol
WINE
Ethanol
Alcohol reduced Wine
Fundamentals
Design
Applications
Applications
TUG SOCRATES Intensive Course, 11.SOCRATES Intensive Course, 11.--23.7.2004, Barcelona23.7.2004, Barcelona
wineCO2 + ethanol
+ aroma
ethanol
CO2 + aroma
aroma
raffinatealcohol reduced
wineCO2
Hig
h P
ress
ure
Ext
ract
ion
Co
lum
n Sep
arat
or
1
Sep
arat
or
2Fundamentals
Design
Applications
Applications
TUG SOCRATES Intensive Course, 11.SOCRATES Intensive Course, 11.--23.7.2004, Barcelona23.7.2004, Barcelona
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180
pressure [bar]
eth
ano
l-co
nce
ntr
atio
n in
raf
finat
e [v
ol %
]PR = 5no reflux
PR = 7,5no reflux
PR = 15no reflux
PR = 30no reflux
PR ... Phase Ratio [kgCO2/kgFeed]
PR = 30with reflux
Fundamentals
Design
Applications
Applications
TUG SOCRATES Intensive Course, 11.SOCRATES Intensive Course, 11.--23.7.2004, Barcelona23.7.2004, Barcelona
Fundamentals
Design
Applications
separation of fatty acids
separation of tocopherols
separation of fish oil esters
fractionation of orange and citrus oil
separation of aromas from whiskey and cognac
Further Applications
Applications