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Business Transaction

Independent but logically connected business event that implies a change in value or quantity, or an

event. The system depicts a business transaction by a posting in accounting as one whole entity

that can be reversed. It must be possible to uniquely identify the representation of a business

transaction in accounting.

With this object, you can classify documents for document splitting in new General Ledger

Acc ounting.

Mixing different business processes posted with the same document type is not supported in

document splitting. You have to post each business transaction used with a separate document

type.

Structure A business transaction in document splitting is always linked with a business transaction variant that

defines which item categories are available in the business transaction and in the document splitting

rules assigned.

The business transactions and the item categories available in a business transaction are predefined

in document splitting. This means that, in business transaction customer invoice (0200), for

example, you cannot use the item categories vendor (03000) or cash discount clearing (01300).

You cannot create your own business transactions. However, you can define customer business

transaction variants for a business transaction, and further restrict the item categories available for

the business transaction. You have to define customer document splitting rules for customer

business transaction variants. This enables you to adapt the standard delivery to your particular

requirements.

A business transaction can cover multiple business processes. Each business process uses item

categories that are to be split and basis item categories that the system can use to derive the

account assignments. The basis item categories must be defined in the document splitting rule for

the business transaction.

The following table gives for each available business transaction the business processes that are

covered by the document splitting rules in the standard document splitting method:

Available Business Transactions

Business Transaction Description

The Best-Run Businesses Run SAP

Enterprise Management SAP ERP 6.0 EHP7

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Business Processes in Standard

Document Splitting Method

0000 Unspecified Posting All business processes that have

complete account assignments

and that therefore do not need to

be split (for example, postings

from Controlling (CO) or Materials

Management (MM)). Company

code clearing is the only

exception, provided this is created

in the posting interface (for

example, travel expense reports

that already contain the clearing

lines)

0100 Transfer Posting from P&L

Account to B/S Account

Accruals postings for closings (see

also Clearing and Posting Specific

to Ledger Groups)

0200 Customer Invoice Invoice

Credit Memo

Integrated Asset Retirement

(see also Graphic: Accounts

for Retirement with

Revenue Posted to

Customer )

Down Payment Clearing

from Sales and Distribution

(the actual down payment is

assigned an account

exactly as the customer

item)

Item category customer (02000)

is set up as leading item for cross-

company code postings, which

means that the customer includes

all account assignments of the

offsetting items.

0300 Vendor Invoice Invoice, including cash

discount clearing for

invoices posted net

Credit Memo

Integrated Asset Acquisition

(posted gross/net, see also

Graphic: Gross/Net Posting)

Invoice Reductions from

Logistics Invoice

Verification

Retention Amounts from

Logistics Invoice

Verification

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0400 Bank Account Statement Account mai ntenance on

the bank subaccounts (only

in document splitting rule for

business transaction variant

0001) incl. Realized

Exchange Rate Differences

Transfer of electronic

account statements (only in

document splitting rule for

business transaction variant

0002), see also Electronic

Account Statement: Posting

and Clearing

0500 Advance tax return (regular tax

burden)

Advance return for tax on

sales/purchases, meaning credit

tax account and transfer to tax

payable account (see also Posting

the Tax Payable)

See SAP Note 889404 .

The tax on sales and purchases is

assigned within the program; the

item category to be processed,

tax on sales and purchases

(05100), has only been defined for

reasons of downwards

compatibility.

0600 Goods receipt for purchase orders Dedicated business transactionsfor which cross-company code

projections are to be carried out

(which requires the leading item to

be defined in the document

splitting rule); compare the

business transaction Unspecified

Posting

1000 Payment Vendor/customer payment

(with cash discount)

Down payment

Payment on account

In the PSM_FA_CI business

function, a standard account

assignment with constant

OPACC has been defined

for the public sector in the

document splitting rule for

the item categories to be

processed, customer

(02000) and vendor (03000).

Cross-company code

payment (with cash

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discount), for example, for a

centrally paying company

code

1010 Clearing transactions (account

maintenance)

Write Off Differences

Transfer Posting

1020 Reset Cleared Items Not used in document splitting innew General Ledger Accounting

This business transaction is used

in classic General Ledger

Accounting with document spli tting

for special purpose Ledgers (FI-

SL) to reset a zero clearing. In

document splitting within new

General Ledger Accounting,

passive document splitting resets

clearing.

For a detailed list of item categories available for each business transaction, go to Customizing for

Document Splitt ing and choose Extended Document Splitt ing Define Business Transaction

Variants . In the standard delivery, the standard business transaction variant (variante 0001

Standard ) has been defined for each business transaction. The standard business transaction

variants contain all of the item categories available in the relevant business transaction.

If you create a new business transaction variant, the system automatically transfers the item

categories and the basic settings of the business transaction. You can prohibit individual item

categories or set them as mandatory (this means, for example, that a customer invoice must contain

a customer because the system uses the customer line item to derive the leading company code).

You can also define that an item category can only occur once in the business transaction.

When posting, the system checks whether the item categories are valid for the business transaction.

Integration

Document splitting is based on the unique assignment of document types to business transactions

and business transaction variants as well as on the assignment of item categories to the accounts.

You make these assignments as follows:

You assign the item categories to the accounts in Customizing for Document Splitt ing under

Classify G/L Accounts for Document Splitting .

You assign the document types to the business transactions and business transaction variants

in Customizing for Document Splitt ing under Classify Document Types for Document

Splitting .

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