018 chemistry of fire.pdf

8/14/2019 018 chemistry of fire.pdf

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Ryan // [email protected]


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FOREWORD

The schoo l you th a re t he hope o f t he na t ion towardsdeve lopmen t and p rogres s . Wi th t he he lp o f t heeducat ional ins t i tu t ions , we develop ch i ldren to beleaders , hone the i r t a len ts and be aware of the i rcapabi l i t i es and respons ib i l i t i es . We teach them wi th thehighes t va lues to be wel l - rounded c i t i zens in school , a thome, and in the communi ty, imbued wi th nat ional i sm. I ti s indeed the pr ide of every parent i f h i s /her k id / s excel inschool , be ac t ive and par t ic ipa t ive in school programs and

act iv i t i es .

The fami ly i s our bes t sh ie ld . However, we are a lwaysexposed to dangers b rough t abou t by ca l ami t i e s , fo reseenand unforeseen , especia l ly f i res . One can a lways recounton the wi se say ing , Al l the th ieves in the word canno ttake a l l your be longings , bu t one good f i re could razethem to the ground in f ive (5) -minute t ime.

We see ou r fu tu re i n t he young genre . There i s aneed to educa t e and mou ld t hem to be l eaders a t t he i ryoung age , who advocate and prac t ice f i re safe ty andprevent ion a t home, in school and in the communi ty. Thisi s t o p repare t hem to be ever v ig i l an t no t on lywi th f i re inc idents and o ther emergencies buta l so in prevent ing the occurrence ofdes t ruc t ive f i r e s .

Thru the JUNIOR FIRE MARSHALProjec t , the DILG-BFP wi l l be help ing theeducat ional ins t i tu t ions develop schoolch i ld ren du r ing the i r fo rmat ive s t age t obe ro le models in publ ic safe ty for bo ththe younger and o lder genera t ions .


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MESSAGE

It has been said, time and again,that "an ounce of prevention is betterthan a pound of cure." It is this adagethat guides the Department of theInterior and Local Government, throughthe Bureau of Fire Protection, as it seeksto ensure your daily safety, particularlyfrom fire incidents. Hence, we partnered with the Department ofEducation to bring you this Junior Fire Marshal instructionalmaterial. Through the instructional material, you will find useful tipsand information on how to prevent the occurrence of fire andwhat you should do in case of fire incidents.

Knowledge, I am sure you agree, is power especially in thearea of fire protection. We have seen how fire threatens,

consumes and destroys. Now more than ever, we must make surethat all our communities, especially the most vulnerable, are notonly aware but prepared.

Your DILG relentlessly works towards providing ourcommunities with basic services and programs that would ensurepublic safety, including education and information materials, suchas this one. It is my hope that you will learn much from thesematerials and impart what you learn to everyone around you,

especially the members of your family, relatives and friends. Letyour learnings serve as building blocks as we build a strongcommunity under the rule of law.

S e c r e t a r y, D I L G


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MESSAGE

The Department of Educationhas always given much importanceto fire prevention and safety tips.We highlight this through ourpartnership with the Junior Fire

Marshal project of the Departmentof Interior and Local Government. This will certainly helpdevelop the school children as role models for both theirpeers and family in public safety.

When grade school pupils and high school studentsare oriented, trained and organized in public safety, theybecome our kiddie and junior fire marshals who willpromote fire prevention programs within their schools, in

their homes and within the community.

I take pride in the effort of our writers and theenthusiasm of our friends at DILG-BFP to have come upwith a validated instructional material intended toenhance our curriculum in fi re safety practices.

May this endeavour with the DILG-BFP bear fruitfulresults and that this instructional material serves as a toolin constituting public safety awareness in every Filipinochild.

USEC FE HIDALGOOIC, Department of Education


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MESSAGE

The Department of theInterior and Local Government(DILG) through the Bureau of FireProtection (BFP) has beenpreoccupied with devisingeffective ways to instil a culture ofconsciousness and preparednessin our society, especially withregard to fire safety.

And Rizal once again proved himself right when hesaid: "Ang kabataan ang pag-asa ng ating bayan." Working hand in hand with the Department of Education(Dep Ed) has shed light on how the youth can specificallycontribute in creating a well-informed and responsible

community that can rely on itself in meeting the dangersof fire even with the services of our firefighters beingavailable. Hence, the launching of Junior/ Kiddie FireMarshal Project and this information kit.

With this instructional material, I hope you could helpus make other people sensitive to their role in preventingdestructive fires and impart the ability to cope in theevent of such di sasters.

Undersecretary for Peace and Order


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MESSAGE

Fire safety is everyone's concern andresponsibility. Thus, aside from continuingto enhance the basic services that webring to you, we feel it just as important tocome up with programs and projects thatwill make room for your activeinvolvement.

And Junior/Kiddie Fire Marshal is just among thebreakthrough projects that we launched this year as a product ofcollaboration with the Department of the Interior and LocalGovernment (DILG) and the Department of Education (Dep Ed),which, as the title itself suggests, taps the youth sector as the seedof fire safety consciousness in our society. We have come up with

this information kit to guide you on how to deal with fire situations,and, more importantly, how to make fire safety measures part ofyour daily routines.

We, your partners in the government, are consistentlyworking not only hard but also smartly to "help" build a securedand orderly community because we have always believed youdeserve it and you are more than willing to work just asdedicatedly to enjoy such a community.


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PAMBUNGAD

Hindi mapapasubalian ang isang katotohanan. Mahalaga ang buhay at maligayakung may ari-ariang pinagsikapang ipundar sa maraming pagkakataon, marami ang hindimarunong magpahalaga sa buhay at ari-arian. Kaya nga masasayang ito at nawawalangparang bula. Isa sa dahilan nito ay ang SUNOG na tila halimaw na walang iginagalang,walang pinipiling oras, pook at panahon. Subalit isa ang tiyak, maaari itong IWASAN. Kungang LAHAT lang sana ay magkakaisa upang gawin ang mga karampatang hakbang upanghindi mabiktima ng APOY.

PAANO GAGAMITIN ANG MODYUL?

Ang modyul na ito ay PARA SA GURO. Naniniwala ang lahat na angpinakamabisang pangkat ng propesyunal na makapagbabahagi ng mga kaalaman,kasanayan at attitude sa mga kabataan ay kayong mga GURO. Sa inyong mga kamaynakasalalay ang katatagan ng buhay ng susunod na henerasyon. Kung ganon, ganito ninyogagamitin ang modyul na ito.

Una : Batay ito sa 2002 BEC Learning Competencies. Ang mga aralin aymay karampatang point of entry. Pagdating sa akmang kasanayan,bibigyang diin ang tungkol sa araling nakatakda.

Ikalawa : Susundin ang mga hakbang na iminumungkahi upang mabisang matalakayang paksa.

Ikatlo : Ipinapaalala sa mga guro na hindi hihikayatin ang mga bata na makibahagi satuwirang pagsugpo ng apoy at pagliligtas ng buhay. Sa halip, linangin angmungkahing batayang kaisipan at mga paraang pangkaligtasan.

Ikaapat : Magbigay ng karampatang takdang gawain upang MAISABUHAY ang mganatutuhan sa aralin.

TUNGKOL SAAN ANG MODYUL NA ITO?

Taon-taon, sa ating bansa ay may malaking pinsalang dulot sa buhay at ari-arian angSUNOG. Itinuturing itong isang KALAMIDAD. Sa loob ng anim (6) na taon, buhat noong1999 2004, may 1,548 tao ang namatay at 25 bilyong piso ang ari-ariang nawala.

Dahil dito, dapat na magkaroon ng mataas na level ng awareness ang ating mgamag-aaral sa sekundarya, kaya nga ang modyul na ito ay tatalakay tungkol sa:

a. Pangangalaga, pagpapahalaga sa buhay ng tao.

b. Pangangalaga, pagpapahalaga sa ari-arian.c. Ang SUNOG bilang sanhi ng kapinsalaan sa buhay at ari-arian.

ANO ANG AASAHAN SA MODYUL NA ITO?

Pagkatapos ng mga aralin ang mga mag-aaral ay inaasahang: Makapagpapahalaga sa buhay at ari-arian Makapagmumungkahi kung paano mapapangalagaan at mapahahalagahan

ang buhay at ari-arian Makapapangako na makipagtutulungan upang maiwasan ang sunog Makapagbabahagi ng mga karanasang may kaugnayan sa sunog


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MODULE:

THE CHEMISTRY OF FIRE AND EVACUATION PROCEDURES

What this module is about?

Fire is one of the most common tragic emergencies that occur in manyhomes, schools, or even in the workplaces. It is sad to note that many people in thecountry die in the very place they feel safe their home. Family members includingchildren are often not aware of how to prevent fires and are not prepared to protectthemselves from fire. Most tragic deaths could have been prevented if we take alittle time and effort to prepare for what ourselves would do to survive from a fire.Hence, this module was designed to help you understand the chemical nature of fire,combustion and oxidation, and the process of developing a fire safety plan.Specifically, it focuses on the elements of the fire triangle-what it takes to create fireand importantly, what it takes to control it and the significance of a good fire safetyplan.

What are expected from this module?

After having gone through this module, the students are expected to:1. explain the three elements of fire;2. explain what it takes to create fire and how to control it;3. distinguish among elemental oxygen, oxygen gas, and other molecules

containing oxygen;4. identify materials that catch fire more easily;5. analyze the fire safety plan and procedures for their school and home; and6. design an evacuation plan for their respective home.

STOP!

Let the students bring sheet of clean paper and answer the pre-testindependently. Give them 10-15 minutes to do the activity, after which checktheir paper to determine where they are in terms of the concepts covered inthe materials. See attached key to correction.

Pre-test

Part I. True or False

Instruction: If the statement is true, write T, and write X if it is false.

1. The smoke from a fire will fill a room from the top down, leaving the best airfor breathing down near the floor.

2. When reporting a fire over a telephone, you should first give the address ofthe building or the house on fire, then your name and a brief description of

the fire.


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3. Materials that receive the heat of spotlights and floodlights should either benon-flammable or be treated to make them fireproof.

4. To get out of a burning building or house, you should jump out of a window.5. Trying to put out the fire is the most important thing you can do if you are in

a building or house that is on fire.

6. Because candle can be dangerous, it is better to use flashlight in anemergency.

7. If your clothing catches fire, the worst thing to do is run.8. Closing the door to a room that is on fire will help buy time for the people in

the building to safety escape.9. There is no need for homeowners to check chimneys and fireplaces built of

stone and bricks.10. When eating at a restaurant or staying at a hotel or friends house, it is a

good idea to check where the exit doors are.11. A good habit is to unplug your electric iron immediately when an interruption

occurs such as a phone call or someone at the door.12. Fire drills at home are as important as fire drills at school.13. In case of fire in your home, you should have planned at least two ways out

of your house.14. Once outside a building or house that is on fire, you should never go back in

for any reason.15. In case of fire and other emergencies, dial 117.

Part II. Multiple Choice

Instruction . Read each statement and decide which choice best completes thestatement or answers the question. Indicate your choice by writing the letter onlycorresponding to your choice.

1. The fire triangle refers to

a. oxygen, heat, and fuelb. combustion, heat, and chemical reactionc. smoke, oxidation, and fueld. exothermic, flammable, and heat

2. Rapid oxidation reaction releasing smoke, heat and light.

a. carbon monoxide c. heatb. oxygen d. fuel

3. Chemical combination of oxygen with any substance.

a. fuel c. oxidationb. oxygen d. combustion


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4. Example of fuel

a. organic compoundb. elements that include metals and some nonmetalsc. hydrocarbons

d. all of the above

5. Fire prevention is for

a. firefighters c. school teachersb. parents d. all of the above

6. Effective way of warning people of a fire in their home.

a. the sense of smell c. the family dogb. a smoke detector d. a fire extinguisher

7. The reason most people dont care about fire prevention is

a. they are too lazy to watch for fire hazardsb. they do not think they will ever have a firec. most people dont need fire preventiond. they dont know anything about fire prevention

8. Melting ice or freezing water is an example of

a. chemical change b. physical changec. exothermic reaction d. none of the above

9. Fire can be extinguished through

a. Letting the fire consume all of the fuel.b. Removing the source of oxygen gas by smothering the fire with a

nonflammable substance like sand or dirt.c. Lowering the temperature of the fuel and remove oxygen gas by

dousing the fire with water.d. All of the above.

10. Source of heat

a. Matches or lighters to start low-ignition temperature kindling origniters that produce sparks to light gas.

b. Friction of two object like paper and sand.c. Any hazardous gases and liquids.d. All of the above.

11. Gas or vapor production emitted from the fuel

a. carbon monoxide c. hydrogenb. pyrolysis d. carbon dioxide


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12. Fires get oxygen from

a. oxygen gas c. waterb. carbon dioxide d. all of the above

13. Applicable to household products to increase the ignition temperature,thereby decreasing the risk of fire.

a. flashpoint c. consumer productb. endothermic d. flame-retardant chemicals

14. The most frequent cause of fires in which people are killed is

a. electrical wiringb. spontaneous combustionc. sparks on roofs from fireplacesd. smoking and matches

15. The best way to prevent fire from spreading in a building is to

a. provide enough exits of any typeb. provide enough stairways inside the buildingsc. provide exit signs and keep door unlockedd. construct the building with fire resistant materials

Lesson 1: Understanding the Chemistry of Fire

Activity:

Divide the class into three (3) groups Ask each group to do the following activities collaboratively:

Look for the meaning of the following terminologies and relate themwith the succeeding activity;

Combustion

OxidationFlammableChemical reactionProducts

Reactants

FuelHeatOxygen

Exothermic

EndothermicFireIgnition

Create a small fire in a science laboratory or outside a building;Observe how the fire was created; andReport the result of the activity by answering the following questions:

1. What materials did you use to create fire?2. What are the basic elements needed to create a fire?

3. Describe the changes you have observed from the burned materialssuch as paper, tin can, plastic, wood, stone, etc:


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a. physical changeb. chemical changes

4. How did you control or put off the fire?

Analysis:

After doing the activity, ask each group the following:

1. How did you feel in doing the activity? Have you experienced any difficulty?Why?

2. What are the basic elements needed to create a fire? Explain your answer.3. Is the fire that you have created (or as shown in the picture 1) a safe fire?

Why? Or Why not?4. Which among the elements of fire can be easily controlled or can be hardly

controlled?5. What significant insights have you gained from the activity?

Abstraction:

The Chemistry of Fire Triangle

FIRE

Fire is the naturally occurring companion of energy release in the form of heatand light when oxygen combines with a combustible, or burnable material at asuitably high temperature (about 617 degrees F, 325 degrees C for wood to burn).

Facts about Fire:

Fire, or combustion, occurs when heat, fuel, and oxygen combine in a

chemical reaction. Since oxygen is present in the air, fire will continue as long as fuel is added. Fire is a process of rapid oxidation, an exothermic reaction, because heat is

always released. An endothermic reaction takes in heat. To start a fire, use flammable items or fuel with a low ignition temperature. When a log burns, it gives off heat and light, as well as carbon dioxide, water,

and ash. Heat energy is released as the log burns. This means that the product of

combustion contain less energy that the reactants. To put the fire out, take away the oxygen by smothering the flames with the

dirt that surrounds the pit or pour water on the flames to release the heat andoxygen.

Note to the Teacher

When it is not possible for the students to do the experiment (creation of asmall fire), ask them to describe Picture 1 using the given terminologies.


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Fuel, heat and oxygen are all needed in the right combination to produce fire.The three elements are called the fire triangle. By nature, a triangle needs threesides. Take away one of the sides and the triangle collapses. The same is true offire. In the absence of any of the three components, you cannot build a fire. Hence,fire fighters try to remove one of the three elements to put off the fire. For example,

when they dig a line around a fire, fuel is removed, when water is poured on a fire,heat reduces, while a retardant, a thick, soupy substance, blocks oxygen.

The Chemistry of Fire is a series of complex reactions, sometimes involvingover 100 chemical elements. These substances determine the cause, thecomposition and the by-product of fire.

The chemical reaction of fire or combustion is called oxidation wherein oxygenis combined with any substances. Fire is an example of rapid oxidation of matterwhile rusting of iron is an example of slow oxidation.

Knowledge on the chemistry of fire will provide information on the variousways of managing fire.

FUEL

A fuel may be defined as something that will burn. It includes flammablegases and liquids, wood, coal, metals and other inorganic materials.

Fuels may be categorized into the following classes:

Elements that include metals and nonmetals such as carbon, sulfur, andphosphorus

Hydrocarbons Carbohydrates (including mixtures made up partially of cellulose, like wood

and paper) Many covalently bonded gases (including carbon monoxide, ammonia, and

hydrogen cyanide) All other organic compounds

Application:

Ask each group to fill up the table with the data required for each column.

Sources of Heat Fuels


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Ask representative from each group to show the fire triangle mock-up anddemonstrate the interrelationship of the three basic elements of fire.

Ask each group to work collaboratively and come up with a slogan about thedanger of fire and ask one representative from each group to explain theslogan. Let each group post their slogan in a conspicuous area in the schoolor community.

Lesson 2: Fire Evacuation Procedures and Safety Plan

Activity:

Group the students into 5 or 6. Ask each group to tour around the buildingand make a floor plan identifying the main alternate routes/exits, locations offire alarms, fire extinguishers, smoke detectors, emergency lights, fire hoseand other similar equipment.

Ask each member to note his/her observations and consolidate for groupreporting.

Ask each group to recommend safety plan based on the observations.

Analysis:

After the group reporting, ask them to answer the following question:

1. How did you feel while performing the activity? Have you experienced anydifficulty? Why?2. Have you seen any exit plan in the building? How would describe its location?3. How would the exit plan be of help in the evacuation in case of fire or other

emergencies?4. What will you recommend in case the exits are obstructed or locked?5. Why is it necessary to have exit plans?6. What would be the proper ways of getting out of a building or house in case of

fire or other emergencies? Explain your answer.7. What insight have you gained from the activity?

Abstraction:

Fire Evacuation Procedures and Safety Plan

In case fire breaks out, do the following:

Get out immediately . Act calmly but swiftly to avoid harm and save your life.The escape route should be downward-towards the ground floor and notupwards unless you are absolutely forced by the fire to go upwards. Neveruse an elevator to escape from a fire. Do not try to gather your valuables orother things and dont worry about how you are dressed. The only thing thatis important is to get out of the building/house.


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Yell, scream or do anything . Alert others who are in the building/house.Yell, scream or do anything you can to get their attention to the fire and getthem out of the building/house.

Sound the fire alarms. If you can do so safely as you are fleeing, set off anyfire alarms.

Once out, stay out. Do not go back for any reason until the authority has saidit is safe to do so. Fire spread very quickly. Seconds can make the differencebetween life, death or being severely burned; always overestimate the size ofthe fire!

Call 117 or the nearest fire station. Report the exact address or landmarkof the building/structure on fire, and/or person/s trapped.

HAVE A FIRE ESCAPE PLAN

K Should a fire breaks out in the building/house, observe the escape plan.

Never place anyone in a position where they are unable to escapeshould a fire occurs.

Make sure every person in that building/house knows of your planand what he or she is to do should a fire occurs.

Special emphasis and instruction should be given to children so theyfully understand what they are to do during a fire.

Conduct fire drills so each person in that building/house candemonstrate what he/she must do during a fire.

K Make sure your escape route permits the safe exiting of the building/houseshould the main thoroughfare exits or doors be blocked during the fire.

All windows that will be used to escape from the fire should beeasily opened from the inside.

Have adequate ladders or fire escape mechanisms, should it benecessary to escape from upper levels of the building.

Make sure everyone is familiar with how to use such equipment andthat it is maintained and tested before actual use.

HOLD FIRE DRILLS

Holding fire drills at least once a year can make sure that everyone, evensmall children, knows what to do to escape safely in case of emergency fire. Here


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are some tips that you can consider during your fire drills to help everyone preparefor emergency fire.

Be familiar with your building/house. Map out an exit plan as well as analternate exit plan.

Know more than one way to exit your floor and your building/house. Make sure everyone that they must be ready to leave the building/house by

themselves if necessary. Remind them to go to the pre-arranged meetingplace and wait for the others.

Remind everyone to check the doors if they are hot before they open them, tostay close to the floor and to crawl if they have to, and to use another exit if adoor is hot and should not be opened.

Teach children how to report emergencies. Keep fire extinguishers in a safe place in the building/house. Teach everyone

when and how to use this equipment.

HOUSEHOLD SAFETY TIPS

You must take steps to make sure that a fire does not start in your home.Remember these tips to help protect you and your family from fire:

Never smoke in bed. Keep matches and other things that can start fire away from children Store materials that may be accidentally set on fire in proper containers and

never store or use them near open flames or sparks. Keep electrical appliances and cords in good working order. If you notice any

cracks, frays, broken plugs or loose connections on any cord, replaceimmediately or notify your electrician.

Dont use lamps that fall over easily or shades that are too close o bulbs.Never use a higher wattage bulb than recommended. This can burn thelampshade and may cause a fire.

Never overload electrical circuits. Special appliances such as air conditionersrequire heavy-duty outlets. Extension cords used incorrectly can often causefires. Dont run extension cords under rugs, across doorways, and neverhang them on nails. The outside protective cover will tear away, exposing livewires and creating a fire hazard.

Do not use portable heaters of any kind. Keep stoves clean from grease. Put together a fire emergency kit that includes flashlights, batteries, transistor

radio, filter masks and extra keys. Make sure everyone in the family knowsthe locations of the emergency kit.

Application:

Ask each group to prepare a plan for a fire drill in the school. Coordinate with

the school authorities and concerned Officers from the Bureau of Fire for itsimplementation.


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Ask the students to make an inspection of their homes. Note any fire hazardsand notify their parents about it. Ask them also to map out an exit plantogether with their parents and other members of the family for emergency

fire.

Significant Insights:

Post-test

Part I. True or False

Instruction: If the statement is true, write T, and write X if it is false.

1. The smoke from a fire will a room from the top down, leaving the best air forbreathing down near the floor.

2. When reporting a fire over a telephone, you should first give the address ofthe fire, then your name and a brief description of the fire.

3. Materials that receive the heat of spotlights and floodlights should either benon-flammable or be treated to make them fireproof.

4. To get out of a burning building or house, you should jump out of a window.5. Trying to put out the fire is the most important thing you can do if you are ina building or house that is on fire.

6. Because candle can be dangerous, it is better to use flashlight in anemergency.

7. If your clothing catches fire, the worst thing to do is run.8. Closing the door to a room that is on fire will help buy time for the people in

the building to safety escape.9. There is no need for homeowners to check chimneys and fireplaces built of

stone and bricks.10. When eating at a restaurant or staying at a hotel or friends house, it is a

good idea to check where the exit doors are.

In case of fire, evacuate immediately. The most criticalareas for immediate evacuation are the fire floors, the floor abovethe fire, and floor below the fire.

If you must evacuate the building/house, do not waste precious seconds trying to grab personal possessions. Your lifeis your most valuable possession and even a few secondswasted can endanger it.


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11. A good habit is to unplug your electric iron immediately when an interruptionoccurs such as a phone call or someone at the door.

12. Fire drills at home are as important as fire drills at school.13. In case of fire in your home, you should have planned at least two ways out

of your house.

14. Once outside a building or house that is on fire, you should never go back infor any reason.

15. In case of emergency fire, dial 117.

Part II. Multiple Choice

Instruction . Read each statement and decide which choice best completes thestatement or answer the question. Indicate your choice by writing the letter onlycorresponding to your choice.

1. The fire triangle refers to

a. oxygen, heat, and fuelb. combustion, heat, and chemical reactionc. smoke, oxidation, and fueld. exothermic, flammable, and heat

2. Rapid oxidation reaction releasing smoke, heat and light.

a. carbon monoxide c. heatb. oxygen d. fuel

3. Chemical combination of oxygen with any substance.

a. fuel c. oxidationb. carbon dioxide d. combustion

4. Example of fuel

a. organic compoundb. elements that include metals and some nonmetals

c. hydrocarbonsd. all of the above

5. Fire prevention is for

a. firefighters c. school teachersb. parents d. all of the above

6. Effective way of warning people of a fire in their home

a. the sense of smell c. the family dogb. a smoke detector d. a fire extinguisher


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7. The reason most people dont care about fire prevention is

a. they are too lazy to watch for fire hazardsb. they do not think they will ever have a fire

c. most people dont need fire preventiond. they dont know anything about fire prevention

8. Melting ice or freezing water is an example of

a. chemical change c. exothermic reactionb. physical change d. none of the above

9. Fires can be extinguished through

a. let the fire consume all of the fuel.b. remove the source of oxygen gas by smothering the fire with a

nonflammable substance like sand or dirt.c. lower the temperature of the fuel and remove oxygen gas by dousing

the fire with water.d. all of the above

10. Source of heat

a. matches or lighters to start low-ignition temperature kindling or ignitersthat produce sparks to light gas.

b. Frictions of two object like paper and sandc. Any hazardous gases and liquidsd. All of the above

11. Gas or vapor production emitted from the fuel

a. carbon c. hydrogenb. pyrolysis d. carbon dioxide

12. Fires get oxygen from

a. oxygen gas c. consumer productb. endothermic d. flame-retardant chemicals

13. Applicable to household products to increase the ignition temperature, therebydecreasing the risk of fire.

a. flashpoint c. consumer productb. endothermic d. flame-retardant chemicals

14. The most frequent cause of fires in which people are killed is

a. electrical wiringb. spontaneous combustion


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c. sparks on roofs from fireplacesd. smoking and matches

15. The best way to prevent fire from spreading in a building is to

a. provide enough exits of any typeb. provide enough stairways inside the buildingsc. provide exit signs and keep door unlockedd. construct the building with fire resistant materials

Answers key to correction (Pre-test/Post-test)

Part I. Part II.1. T 9. X 1. a 9. d2. T 10. T 2. c 10. a3. T 11. T 3. c 11. b4. X 12. T 4. d 12. a5. X 13. T 5. d 13. d6. T 14. T 6. b 14. d7. T 15. T 7. b 15. a8. T 8. b


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Picture 1


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JUNIOR FIRE MARSHAL MARCH

I Kamiy kabataang marangal;

Tawag sa miy Jr. Fire Marshal;Hangad naming ay kaligtasan,Kaunlaran ng bansang minamahal.

II Bata pa man kami kung ituring;Paglilingkod naman ay pangunahin,Sa bayan at sa Diyos ihahain

Kaalamanang pangkaligtasan ay gagawin.III Halina kabataang may lakas,

May talino, sigasig at sipag;Kaligtasan sa sunog nasa ting palad;Walang hadlang bayang itoy uunlad.

Chorus:IV Handa kami, handa kami..

Para sa kabutihan ng marami;Kaayusan at lahat ng ikabubuti;Ng pamayanang ating kinakandili.

V Hurray! Hurray! Jr. Fire Marshal,Sa gabay ng DILG-BFP tayoy magsanay;Magandang buhay sa tiy naghihintay,Kung ligtas sa sunog ang buhay atari-arian.

(Repeat Chorus)

Titik ni: Ka Azon L. EchanoBSE-DepEd 8/13/04


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BFP VISION

A modern, efficient and responsive national fire protection agency

working towards a public safety conscious society.

BFP MISSION

To protect lives and properties through the prevention and suppressionof destructive fires; investigation of their causes; and the provision ofemergency medical and rescue services with the active support of thepublic.

LEGAL MANDATE

The Bureau of Fire Protection was created by virtue of RA 6975 primarilyto perform the following functions:

1. Be responsible for the prevention and suppression of all destructivefires on:

Buildings, houses and other structures;Forest;Land transportation vehicles and equipment;Ships or vessels docked at piers or wharves anchored in major seaports;Petroleum industry installations;Plane crashes; andothers similar incidents.

2. Be responsible for the enforcement of the Fire Code of thePhilippines (P. D. 1185) and other related laws;

3. Shall have the power to investigate all causes of fires and ifnecessary, file the proper complaint with the city or provincial prosecutorwho has jurisdiction over the case;

4. In time of national emergency, all elements of the BFP shall upondirection of the President, assist the AFP in meeting the nationalemergency; and

5. Shall establish at least one (1) fire station with adequatepersonnel, fire fighting facilities and equipment in every provincial


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capital, city and municipality subject to standard rules and regulations asmay be promulgated by the DILG .

REPUBLIC ACT NR 8551

Philippine National Police Reform and Reorganization Act of 1998

In times of national emergency, the Bureau of Fire Protection(BFP) and the Bureau of Jail Management and Penology (BJMP) alongwith the Philippine National Police (PNP) shall, upon the direction of thePresident, assist the Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP) in meetingthe national emergency, in addition to the performance of their inherentfunctions as mandated by law.


Department of the Interior and Local Government (DILG) Act of 1990

The tasks of fire protection and jail management and penologyshall be the responsibility of the Bureau of Fire Protection (BFP) and theBureau of Jail Management and Penology (BJMP), respectively.


Rules and Regulations Implementing the Bureau of Fire Protection(BFP) and Bureau of Jail Management and Penology (BJMP)Professionalization Act of 2004

As members of the uniformed service of the government underthe Department of the Interior and Local Government (DILG), the Bureauof Fire Protection (BFP) and the Bureau of Jail Management andPenology (BJMP) as line bureaus are required the same amount ofservice and dedication as that of their counterparts in the AFP and PNPto carry out their respective duties to the extent of risking their lives andlimbs in meeting national emergencies, in addition to the performance oftheir inherent functions as mandated by law.

The BFP and BJMP personnel shall be professionalized andrestructured by upgrading their level of qualifications and standardizingthe base pay, retirement and other benefits of uniformed personnel,making them at par with those of the PNP and the AFP.


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SCHOOL FIRE SAFETY CHECKLIST

JUNIOR FIRE MARSHAL II FIRE SAFETY CHECKLIST

This checklist is provided by the Bureau of Fire Protection as a template which provides a basic framework for the daily inspection ofof the Day. This should not be regarded as exhaustive because a fire safety auditor or a firefighter from the local fire station/departmeFire Marshal in conducting the safety inspection. The JFM shall act as fire safety steward.

The following model of points to be looked at has been formulated, which covers most fire safety items. The JFM may add refhazards which are presented by specific school activities.

ITEMS TO BE CHECKED YES

A. FIRE EXTINGUISHERS

1. Are all fire extinguishers in position?

2. Are pins and seals provided?

3. Are all fire extinguishers ready for use?

4. Are clear procedures in place for the use of these extinguishers?

5. Is there a fire extinguisher in each building/room?

6. Has the fire service/bureau visited your school to check/test the fire extinguishers?

B. MEANS OF EGRESS

1. Are all means of escape (primary and secondary) unobstructed?

2. Are all means of escape clearly marked and indicated?

3. Do the door devices on all means of escape operate properly?

4. Are all external routes clear and accessible?

5. Has the fire department visited your school to check the means of egress?

C. FIRE ACTION NOTICES

1. Are sufficient up-to-date fire action notices prominently displayed throughout theschool?


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Once the inspection is completed, those items which have attracted a No response, will normally require remedial attention. Deficway should be notified to the appropriate office, e.g. Local Fire Station, School Administrator or Principal, for appropriate action.

Copies of the inspection form and requests for request for remedial action should be retained on file.

Reported by: Noted by:

___________________________ ________________________________ (JFM of the Day) (Teacher/Adviser)

Fire Safety Inspection Officer, BFP

_____________________________

Remarks:


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K/JFM PPROJECT COMMITTEE MEMBERS

ChairmanUSEC MARIUS P CORPUS

Co-ChairmanF/DIR ROGELIO F ASIGNADO

OPRSSUPT ENRIQUE C LINSANGAN

MembersSSUPT JACINTO C DICQUIATCO

SUPT HERBERT B CEZARSUPT ALOVEEL B FERRERSUPT BOBBY B BARUELO

CINSP OSCAR P VILLEGASSINSP VICTORIA A DOMINGO

Technical Staff/Support GroupINSP JEANNETTE SANTOS

FO3 Neil Adam MongcalFO1 Estrella Luz M Lantion

FO1 Ryan D AsuncionFO1 Joan Sj MagbuhosFO1 Violeta F Ramirez

018 chemistry of fire.pdf

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