0131009 saisei
TRANSCRIPT
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Dr. Marzan Aziz Iskandar Chairman of
The Agency for The Assessment and Application of Technology Republic of Indonesia
• Introduction
• Current and Future Development of Geothermal Energy in Indonesia
• Biofuel Development and Implementation in Indonesia
• Photovoltaic Development and Applications
• Smart Micro Grid for Renewable Energy in Indonesia
• Closing Remarks
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Energy Resources
Proven Reserve
Annual Production
Ratio Reserve to Production
(year)
Coal 21,131.84 million tons
353 million tons
59.8
Oil 4,230 million barrels
330,000 thousands barrel
12.8
Natural Gas (as of 2010)
104.71 TSCF 3,400,000 MMSCF
30.8
ENERGY SECURITY
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POTENTIAL INDONESIAN RENEWABLE ENERGY RESOURCES (2010)
3 GW u/ 11 year 24,112 Ton* Uranium (Nuclear)
8.00 MW 4.80 kWh/m2/day
Solar
302.4 MW 49.81 GW Biomass
4,200 MW 6,851 GWh 75.67 GW 845 million BOE
Hydro
1000 MW 2,593.5 GWh 29 GW 219 mill BOE Geothermal
84 MW 458.75 MW 458.75 MW Mini/Micro hydro
INSTALLED CAPACITY*
UTILIZATION EQUIVALENCE RESOURCES NON FOSSIL
ENERGY
0.50 MW 9.29 GW Wind
* 2010 data (Source: KESDM 2012)
OIL 42%
COAL 34%
GAS 21%
RE 3%
OIL 20%
COAL 33%
GAS 30%
RE 17%
RE
COAL
24,29%
23,91 %
46,77%
5,03%
RE
GAS
COAL
OIL
2011 2015 2020 2025
EN
ER
GY
DIV
ER
SIF
ICA
TIO
N
ENERGY MIX
Note: 1 TOE = 7,33 BOE
PRESIDENT DECREE 5/2006
1176 Mill. BOE
3200 Mill.BOE
20%
30%
33%
17%
2419 Mill. BOE
1649 Mill. BOE
20,6%
34,6%
41,7%
3,1%
3298 Mill. BOE
BIOENERGY 5%
GAS
OIL
Latest draft of National Energy Policy put a higher value to 23% for NRE sources
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Renewable Energy Supply of RE Current
Utilization
NEP 2025 TARGET
President Decree No. 5/2006
Total NRE 17%* 544 MMBOE 29,622 MW
Geothermal 29,000 MW 1,343 MW 5% 160 MMBOE 8,712 MW
Biofuel 40 Mill.
kL/year** 3 Mill
kl/year 5% 160 MMBOE 25 Mill. kL
Other NRE: 5% 160 MMBOE 8,712 MW
Solar (PV) 17 MWp (2,200) MW
Microhydro*** 229 MW
Biomass Elect. *** 1,628 MW
Wind*** 1.96 MW
Coal liquefaction 2% 64 MMBOE 10 Mill. kL
*Latest draft of National Energy Policy put a higher value to 23% for NRE sources **Palm MMBOE: Million Barrel of Oil Equivalents , 1 barrel = 159 liter, 1 liter = 3 kWh. Total prediction of energy mix 2012 = 3200 MMBOE (BPPT Energy Outlook 2012) ***NRE Statistic 2011, Ditjen EBTKE, KESDM.
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1979:
Pilot Plant Bio-Ethanol & energy Plantation
1990: 2006 – 2010: 2013 - 1995 – 2003
-PV Applications & Pilotings(Housing, Rural, Pumping, etc)
-Solar Thermal Timber Drying
Wind Energy Technology (Low Velocity)
Biomass/Biogas Power Generation
•Biofuels for Transportation
Small Geothermal Power Plant Prototyping
1985:
-Solar Village Project
Renewable Energy IndonesiaProject, incl. Efficiency Energy: EnergyAudit, ISPH, Energy Management + MARKAL Long-term Energy Planning Model
-Solar Thermal Pump
•PV Testing •Facility/Lab.
Biomass Gasification
Biodiesel Plant Dev.
PV Hybrid Piloting
Microturbine Cogeneration
Solar Agro Drying
•Geothermal •Pilot plant
OTEC Sea Current Prototyping
•PV Industry Feasibility Assessment
KS Arc Furnace ANN Controller
-Process Integration in Industry Study
Microhydro Piloting Fuel Cell +
Biohydrogen Prod.
Energi Bus: Lab Mobile Audit Energi
Kajian Kawasan Hemat Energi
Efficient Transportation Management
•Smart Grid, Smart Bld. •Efficient Building
Energy Efficiency Applications & Audit in Energy Intensive Industries, Lab EE Appliances
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CURRENT PROGRESS
2006
852 MW
2008 2012 2016 2020
2000 MW 3442 MW 4600 MW 6000 MW 9500 MW
(Target)
1148 MW
Existing GWA
1442 MW
Existing GWA
1400 MW
New GWA
3500 MW
New GWA
2025
1343 MW Plus 2nd Crash Program Scenario (4925 MW)
6151 MW
1158 MW
Existing GWA
+ New GWA
• ALL power plants use foreign technology. • BPPT is appointed by the Government to develop national technology, in
cooperation with local industries.
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1. It is a national priority program stated in the Presidential Regulation No. 05/2010 regarding the National Medium-Term Development Plan 2010 – 2014.
2. Output :
a) Condensing Turbine Technology of 3 MW GeoPP. Ready for operation in Kamojang Geothermal Field
b) Binary Cycle Technology of 100 kW GeoPP. Under construction in Wayang Windu Field
TARGET 1. To substitute the use of fossil fuel based diesel power generations. 2. To accelerate the development of small scale geothermal power
plants by national industries and resources.
Steam Flushing Process Setting of Turbine Rotor
LOCAL CONTENT : INDUSTRIAL MINISTER REG. No. 54/2012
PILOT PLANT BPPT
42% 63,8%
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Modular Plant Under Construction
Air Cooler Under Construction
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5-20%
Crude bio-oil
Pure Plant Oil
Biodiesel
Solar/ diesel oil BioSolar
Diesel Engine: car, Genset
Coconut
palm Jatropha
PURE PLANT OIL(PPO ) and BIODIESEL BIOETHANOL
Methanol +
Cassava mollases
Hydrolysis + Fermentation
Bioethanol ( 9% )
Dehydration (95%)
Bioethanol ( FGE 99,5% )
Gasoline Engine
Premium Bio Premium
5-20%
Lignoselulosa
diesel oil
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Activity Implementation
Development of Biodiesel Production Technology : Raw material diversification Separation technique improvement
(dry washing technology)
Development of biodiesel pilot plant Application of biodiesel plant design
technology to industries
Research on Product Quality Improvement Improvement of National Biodiesel Standard (SNI 04-7182 )
Biodiesel Engine Test Mandatory biodiesel implementation up to B30 (by 2025)
Biodiesel Promotion Implementation of biodiesel in mining, agro industry and power plant
Policy Assessment Recommendation for Integrated business of biodiesel plant and Energy Farming Concept
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Cap. 1 – 20 tons/day
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• Development of Hydro-treating Process for upgrading biodiesel fuel quality (collaborative research BPPT-AIST)
• Development of Fast Pyrolysis-oil (Bio-oil) from Palm based biomass to produce Hydro-Deoxygenated Oil (Next Generation of Biofuel) (collaborative research BPPT-AIST)
• BPPT Involvement in : – Review of National Biofuel Standard. – Guidance of Bioenergy Safety. – Assessment of Biofuel trade system
and pricing policy.
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Hydro-deoxy-genated oil
Biooil (tar) pyrolytic lignins based tars
Biomass
BPPT is promoting an integrated plant concept to enhance industrialization potential : 1. obtain cheaper raw
materials cost 2. reduce production
cost (process steam and utility, etc.)
3. increase the efficiency of biodiesel plant
4. overcome the waste problems faced by the existing plant
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Energy Farming Concept P
lan
tati
on
CP
O M
ill
Bio
die
sel P
lan
t
Existing Business (Biodiesel Case) :
Market Mechanism
FFB CPO Biodiesel
Relatively Fixed Price
Market
Pla
nta
tio
n
CP
O M
ill
Bio
die
sel P
lan
t
Biodiesel
Price Price Price
Market
Price Price
Stable Price Stable Price
Energy Farming Concept:
Energy Farming : An integrated business where the raw material produced from this business is merely dedicated for producing biofuel only (NOT for other purposes). • Stabled price of raw materials • Stabled price of biofuels • More promising business on biofuels
FFB CPO
The price of raw materials fluctuates and tends to increase, highly depending on market mechanism. While, the price of biofuels is relatively fixed price. • Less promising business on biofuels • Only big capacity and efficient biofuels
plants may be survive.
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Technology Application Assessment
SHS / Other stand alone application
Hybrid System Grid-Connected Smart Microgrid
Test Lab for PV System: SNI based test Public services
Development of Test Lab for PV System: IEC 61215 based test
FS Solar Cell Industry: Recommendation for national Industries
Industrial Development
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Implementation of Photovoltaic Systems
Individual (SHS)
PV Grid Connected Systems
PV-Diesel Hybrid System
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• Smart interconnection grids – Improved reliability – Energy savings – Robustness of operation
and control (Self-Heals) – Etc.
• Smart microgrids with distributed energy resources (DER) where applicable – Distribution systems
containing high DER penetration may require considerable operational control capabilities.
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Paradigm Shift in Energy System Increasing penetration of renewable energy, diversification in electricity
generations, reduction in carbon emission, etc.
Future Chalenges
A key solution Smart MicroGrid could efficiently control integration of renewable energy to
the main grid.
• Enhanced compatibility of electricity network with increased penetration of renewable energy
• Communications between the network and various types of generations • Providing services for various consumers’ electricity needs, mainly in remote
and isolated areas
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• Indonesia is stepping up efforts to the Renewable Energy technology development and demonstrations in preparing the acquisition and improve the utilization of Renewable Energy in accordance with the government's mid-term target (2025).
• Of the existing potential, Geothermal and Biofuels is the greatest potential until 2025, in addition to the necessary existence of Smart-Grid system, which became the future needs of the electricity supply system.
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