Biosystematic Index

AAcremonium sp., 345, 352Acremonium exuviarum, 319Acremonium luzulae, 336Acremonium persicinum, 338Acremonium strictum, 219, 392Acrostalagmus, 336Agaricaceae, 173, 233, 244–246, 249Agaricales, 158Agaricomycetes, 153, 154, 160, 169, 172, 175,

178, 180–185, 187, 188Agaricus sp., 156, 168Agaricus bisporus, 2, 155–158, 160–162Agaricus xanthodermus, 175–177Agathidium nigripenne, 170Ajellomycetaceae, 74Albatrellus confluens, 321Alternaria sp., 220, 303, 335, 344Alternaria alternata, 322, 425, 428Alternaria brassicae, 354Alternaria brassicicola, 254Alternaria citri, 322Alternaria longipes, 254Alternaria sp. SF-5016, 345Alternaria tenuis, 321Alternaria tenuissima, 223Amanita sp., 332Amanitaceae, 233Amanita exitialis, 341, 342Amanita muscaria, 176Amanita phalloides, 175Amanita vaginata, 168Ambrosiodmus, 187Ambrosiophilus, 187Amylostereum sp., 186–187Amylostereum areolatum, 186, 187Anaspis marginicollis, 161

Anaspis rufilabris, 161Anisolabis maritima, 179Anthracophyllum discolor, 182Antrodia sp., 257, 258Antrodia camphorata, 258Antrodia cinnamomea, 258Aphenolia pseudosoronia, 166Apiospora montagnei, 312Aporpium caryae, 254, 258, 259, 261Arabidopsis thaliana, 187, 188Arachniotus, 336Arachnomycetales, 338Aradus obtectus, 185Archangium gephyra, 318Argyreiinae, 143Ariolimax columbianus, 162Arion sp., 162–164Armillaria borealis, 256Armillaria mellea, 188Artemia salina, 251, 306Artemisia annua, 218Arthrinum spaeospermum, 345Arthrobotrys oligospora, 2Arthroderma benhamiae, 33–36, 255Artomyces pyxidatus, 236Ascaris suum, 304, 307, 317Ascobolus immersus, 5Ascobolus magnificus, 10Ascochyta viciae, 319Ascocoryne sarcoides, 223Ascomycetes, 6, 153, 158, 182, 187Ascomycota, 2Ashbya gossypii, 125Aspergillus sp., 9, 19, 141, 220, 309, 333, 336,

338, 376, 388Aspergillus carbonarius, 309, 415, 418Aspergillus carneus, 345

Physiology and Genetics, 2nd EditionThe Mycota XVT. Anke, A. Schuffler (Eds.)© Springer International Publishing AG 2018

Aspergillus clavatus, 345, 373, 416, 421, 422Aspergillus flavipes, 312, 339Aspergillus flavus, 9, 233, 332, 392, 414, 425Aspergillus fumigatus, 5, 9, 17, 29, 33, 34, 65,

144, 223, 237, 255, 282, 285–287, 333, 368–370

Aspergillus giganteus, 416Aspergillus glaucus, 10, 15Aspergillus nidulans, 2, 5, 8, 10–16, 20, 22–25,

29, 31–38, 40, 69, 125, 126, 223, 368, 372,375, 378, 394, 399–402, 425

Aspergillus niger, 336, 368, 370–372, 403, 415,416, 419, 426

Aspergillus niger FT-0554, 303Aspergillus ochraceus, 416, 418, 419Aspergillus oryzae, 368, 372, 378, 394, 401Aspergillus parasiticus, 9, 414, 425Aspergillus sclerotiorum, 338Aspergillus stellatus, 321Aspergillus steynii, 416, 418, 419, 422Aspergillus sydowi, 309Aspergillus tamarii, 338Aspergillus terreus, 401, 416Aspergillus tubingensis, 65, 338Aspergillus versicolor, 338Aspergillus westerdijkiae, 416, 418, 422Asteraceae, 144Asteromyces cruciatus, 341Astragalus molissimus, 143Astripomoeinae, 143Atkinsonella hypoxylon, 133, 136Aureobasidium, 345Aureoboletus thibetanus, 169Auriculariales, 254, 261Auriscalpiaceae, 236Avicinnia marina, 338

BBabjeviella inositovora, 97, 104Baccharis coridifolia, 144Bacillus sp., 279Bacillus brevis, 234Bacillus cereus, 220, 235, 254Bacillus megaterium, 220Bacillus pumilus, 260Bacillus subtilis, 220, 234, 236, 237, 243, 249,

258, 279, 317Balansia cyperi, 133Balansia obtecta, 144

Balansia pilulaeformis, 133Bankeraceae, 248–250, 261–264Basidiomycetes, 153, 174, 187Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, 69, 72Beauveria bassiana, 335Beauveria felina, 345Beaverium, 187Bernonia, 144Bettongia gaimardi, 172Bionectria sp., 336Bionectria ochroleuca, 338Bipolaris, 344Bjerkandera sp., 182Bjerkandera adusta, 183, 240Blaniulus guttulus, 182Blumeria graminis, 2, 260Bolbitiaceae, 239Boletaceae, 246, 247, 254, 261–264Boletellus floriformis, 168Boletes sp., 162, 246, 260Boletus calopus, 246, 247Boletus edulis, 246, 247Bolitophagus reticulatus, 161, 162Bondarzewiaceae, 254Bondarzewia montana, 254Boreostereum vibrans, 252, 254, 255Botryotinia fuckeliana, 9Botrytis cinerea, 5, 9–11, 22, 25, 34, 37, 65, 182,

243, 247, 253, 261Bovista, 233Bradysia sp. nr. coprophila, 161Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, 244Byssochlamys fulva, 416Byssochlamys nivea, 416

CCaenorhabditis elegans, 301, 306Calcarisporium arbuscula, 321Calliphora, 178, 179Caloboletus calopus, 246, 247Calonectria, 344Camellia japonica, 331Camellia sinensis, 222Candida sp., 70, 79Candida albicans, 105, 124, 125, 235–237, 254,

281, 282, 284, 285, 287, 309, 332Candida glabrata, 289Candida noadenis, 92Candida parapsilosis, 72

436 Biosystematic Index

Candida pyralidae, 107Candida tenuis, 254Candida tropicalis, 72Candida utilis, 317Capnodium sp., 317Caripia montagnei, 261Castaniopsis fissa, 338Cephalotaxus harringtonia, 219, 224Cepheus cepheiformes, 165Ceratophysella denisana, 169, 171Ceriporia sp., 239, 240Ceriporia alachuana, 240Ceriporia lacerata, 239Ceriporia subvermispora, 252, 253Chaetasbolisia erysiophoides, 312Chaetomium sp., 336Chaetomium cochlioides, 218Chaetomium globosum, 368–370, 373, 374, 376,

379Chaetothyriales, 143Chalara, 336Chamonixia pachydermis, 254Chaunopycnis alba, 336Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, 72Choristoneura fumiferana, 217Cinnamomum kanehirai, 258Cirsium arvense, 218Cis sp., 165Cis bilamellatus, 166Cis boleti, 159, 161, 165, 166Cis glabratus, 166Cis nitidus, 166Cis quadridens, 166Cisidae, 165Cladosporium sp., 220Cladosporium cucumerinum, 253, 261Cladosporium herbarum, 237Clathrus archeri, 159, 179Clavariadelphaceae, 250Clavariadelphus truncatus, 250Clavariopsis aquatica, 345, 353Claviceps sp., 141, 333, 354Claviceps fusiformis, 144Claviceps purpurea, 144Clavicipeae, 132Clavicorona pyxidata, 235, 236Clavicipitaceae, 132, 133, 136, 137, 142, 144, 336Clitocybe sp., 162Clitocybe illudens, 241, 242Clitocybula oculus, 237

Clonostachys, 337, 353Coccidioides immitis, 2Cochliobolus sp., 337, 344Cochliobolus carbonum, 340, 352Cochliobolus heterostrophus, 4, 33, 34, 333Cochliobolus miyabeanus, 300Coelomomyces stegomyiae, 72Coleophoma crateriformis, 336Coleophoma empetri, 336Coleoptera, 165, 166, 180Colispora cavincola, 345Collembola, 161, 170, 180Colletotrichum sp., 218Colletotrichum capsici, 240, 254Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, 254, 335Colletotrichum magna, 216Coniophora puteana, 240Coniothyrium, 333Conocybe siliginea, 239, 240Conoideocrella tenius, 345Convolvulaceae, 131–134, 136–139, 141, 143,

144Coprinaceae, 173Coprinellus sp., 173Coprinellus disseminatus, 164Coprinellus micaceus, 168, 246Coprinellus pellucidus, 246Coprini, 173Coprinopsis sp., 173, 244–246Coprinopsis atramentaria, 168, 173, 244Coprinopsis cinerea, 157–160, 162, 164, 168,

169, 246Coprinopsis echinospora, 246Coprinopsis lagopus, 163Coprinopsis marcescibilis, 246Coprinopsis sclerotiger, 246Coprinus sp., 244–246Coprinus comatus, 173Coprinus micaceus, 246Coprinus pellucidus, 246Coprinus xanthothrix, 259, 261Coprionopsis picaceus, 173Cordyceps sp., 338, 344Cordyceps cardinalis, 344Cordyceps militaris, 34, 37Cordycipitoideae, 144Coriolus versicolor, 342Corollospora intermedia, 339Cortinariaceae, 233, 254Cortinarius sp., 254

Biosystematic Index 437

Cortinarius herculeus, 233Cortinarius odorifer, 182Cortinarius purpurascens, 168Corynebacterium glutamicum, 317Corylus avellana L., 222Creolophus cirrhatus, 233Cryphonectria parasitica, 3, 17, 34, 36, 38, 39Cryptococcus gatti, 286Cryptococcus neoformans, 65, 105, 240, 282,

284, 332, 387Cryptoporus sinensis, 243Cryptoporus volvatus, 166, 243Cryptosporiopsis sp., 214Cunninghamella blakesleeana, 332Curtobacterium sp., 220Cyathus sp., 248Cyathus africanus, 249Cyathus gansuensis, 249Cyathus hookeri, 249Cyathus striatus, 249Cyberlindnera mrakii, 88, 90, 91, 94Cyberlindnera saturnus, 93Cyclindrocladium sp., 336, 344Cyclindrocladium scorparium, 340Cylindrocarpon, 337Cylindrocladium ilicicola, 317Cyperaceae, 132Cyphellaceae, 240–242Cystobacter armeniaca, 318Cystoderma amianthinum, 233Cystoderma carcharias, 233Cystofilobasidium infirmominiatum, 97

DDacrymyces, 233Dacrymycetaceae, 233Daldinia concentrica, 247Davidiellaceae, 215Debaroyomyces hansenii, 70, 91Debaroyomyces robertsiae, 103Dendrictinus ponderosa, 186Dichomitus squalens, 244Didelphis virginiana, 176Didymella zeae-maydis, 33Diheterospora sp., 337Diheterospora chlamydosporia, 352Dikarya, 1Diplodia mutila, 216Diptera, 180

Dothidiomycetes, 5, 215Dracula sp., 159Dracula lafleurii, 159Drosera rotundifolia, 142Drosophila sp., 180Drosophila angularis, 168Drosophila brachynephros, 168Drosophila melanogaster, 260Drosophila phalerata, 180, 181Dryocoetes autographus, 185, 186Duguetia cadaceriva, 159

EEchinococcus multilocularis, 307Elmerina caryae, 254, 261Embellisia, 143Emericella sp., 9, 333, 336, 345Emericella variecolor, 311Emmonsia, 79Entamoeba invadens, 386Entoloma haastii, 333Entoloma kujuense, 168Epichloe sp., 141, 354Epichloe coenophialum, 144Epichloe festucae, 25, 216, 218Epichloe typhina, 133, 338Epicoccum sp., 336Epicoccum nigrum, 336Epicoccum purpurascens, 334, 336Epinotia tedella, 161Escherichia coli, 223, 235–237, 242, 243, 246,

316, 317, 372, 404Eucalyptus grandis, 215Eucryphia cordifolia, 223Euops chinesis, 254Eupenicillium sp., 9, 68Eupenicillium crustaceum, 7Eupenicillium shearii, 354Eurotiales, 9Eurotiomycetes, 35, 36Eurotium, 9, 333Exserohilum holmi, 335Exserohilum rostratum, 334

FFabaceae, 143Fagus crenata, 185Fagus sylvatica, 183, 186Fallopia japonica, 254

438 Biosystematic Index

Favolaschiaceae, 250Favolaschia sp., 250, 253, 254Favolaschia calocera, 254Favolaschia tonkinensis, 254Flammulina velutipes, 237–239Flavodon ambrosius, 187Flavodon flavus, 239, 240Fomes fomentarius, 166Fomitella fraxinea, 243, 250, 251Fomitopsidaceae, 256, 258Fomitopsis palustris, 185, 186Fomitopsis pinicola, 165, 166, 185Fomitopsis rosea, 185Fraxinus excelsior, 240Fraxinus mandshurica, 215Fusarium sp., 25, 218, 220, 337, 340, 344, 352,

388, 414Fusarium culmorum, 333Fusarium decemcellulare, 338Fusarium equiseti, 376Fusarium fujikuroi, 11, 65Fusarium graminearum, 9, 10, 14–17, 20, 24, 28,

32–35, 38, 39, 234, 237, 243, 261, 333, 399,425, 427

Fusarium heterosporum, 376, 377Fusarium lateritium, 144, 261Fusarium moniliforme, 254, 307Fusarium nivale, 233Fusarium oxysporum, 17, 19–21, 182, 214, 224,

240, 254Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. batatas, 144Fusarium proliferatum, 425Fusarium pseudograminearum, 333Fusarium sambucinum, 317Fusarium solani N06, 338Fusarium verticillioides, 9, 10, 19, 24, 34, 216Fusarium virguliforme, 261

GGaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici, 72Ganoderma sp., 170, 171, 250, 251Ganoderma applanatum, 166, 167, 170Ganoderma lucidum, 170, 251Ganoderma neojaponicum, 243Ganoderma orbiforme, 251Ganoderma phillipii, 170Ganodermataceae, 243, 251Gauteria monticola, 172Geotrichum candidum, 332, 353

Gerronema sp., 252Gibberella fujikuroi, 38Gibberella moniliformis, 10Gibberella zeae, 2, 9, 254, 333, 399Glarea lozoyensis, 336Glaucomys sabrinus, 172Gliocladium sp., 336, 337, 353Gliocladium deliquenscens, 335Glischrochilus quadripunctatus, 170Glis glis, 172Gloeophyllaceae, 233, 254, 255Gloeophyllum sp., 233Gloeophyllum trabeum, 186Granulobasidium vellereum, 240–242Grifola frondosa, 250Grosmannia clavigera, 69Gymnopus fusipes, 342, 347Gymnopus montagnei, 261

HHaemonchus contortus, 305, 353Haffenrefferia gilvipes, 165Hanseniaspora uvarum, 99, 100, 107Hebeloma cylindrosporum, 187Helicoma ambiens, 340Helicoverpa armigera, 184, 219Heliothos virescens, 184Heliothrips haemorrhoidalis, 242Helminthosporium sp., 344Helminthosporium siccans, 316Hericiaceae, 233, 249, 256Hericium sp., 256Hericium coralloides, 256, 257Hericium erinaceus, 249, 256Heterobasidion occidentale, 240Heteroptera, 185Hexagonia speciosa, 258Histoplasma sp., 79Histoplasma capsulatum, 69Hohenbuehelia leightonii, 233Hyalodendron, 336Hydnellum sp., 261–264Hydnellum caeruleum, 261Hydnellum concrescens, 262Hygrocybe conica, 168Hygrophoraceae, 253–254Hygrophorus sp., 252–254Hygrophorus abieticola, 253Hygrophorus chrysodon, 253

Biosystematic Index 439

Hygrophorus latitabundus, 253Hygrophorus olivaceoalbus, 253Hygrophorus persoonii, 253Hygrophorus pustulatus, 253Hymenochaetaceae, 240, 256Hymenogastraceae, 251Hymenolepis nana, 305Hymenoptera sp., 165, 180, 186Hymenoscyphus fraxineus, 215Hyperdermium pulvinatum, 144Hypholoma sp., 182Hypholoma elongatum, 182Hypholoma fasciculare, 182–184, 251Hypholoma lateritium, 168Hypocreaceae, 336Hypocrea jecorina, 9, 17, 19Hypocreales, 19, 136, 143, 144Hypoderma eucalyptii, 336Hypodermium sp., 144Hypodermium bertonii, 144Hypogastrura sp., 169, 171Hypogastrura denisana, 170Hypoxylon oceanicum, 345Hypsizygus marmoreus, 182

IIbalia leucospoides, 186, 187Inocybe sp., 168Inocybe fastigiata, 170Ipomoea sp., 139, 141, 143Ipomoea asarifolia, 133, 134, 136, 137, 139, 141,

143Ipomoea batatas, 143, 144Ipomoea carnea, 143Ipomoea tricolor, 139Ipomoea violacea, 139Ipomoeeae, 143Iriartea deltoidea, 216Irpex sp., 250Isaria tenuipes, 354Ischnodactylus loripes, 166

JJuncaceae, 132Junghuhnia nitida, 252

KKeissleriella quadriseptata, 7Kitasatospora sp., 220

Kluyveromyces lactis, 94, 97, 102, 107Kluyveromyces marxianus, 92, 94Kluyveromyces phaffii, 94Kluyveromyces waltii, 94Kluyveromyces wickerhamii, 107

LLaccaria bicolor, 2, 187, 188Laccaria trichidermophora, 172Lachancea waltii, 91, 94Lactarius sp., 174Lactarius poperatus, 176Lactarius vellereus, 182Laetiporus sulphureus, 260, 345Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae F2, 336Lauraceae, 258Laxitextum incrustatum, 249Lecanicillium sp., 345Lecanicillium fungicola, 158Leiotrametes menziesii, 252Lentinus arcularius, 243Lentinus substrictus, 243Leotiomycetes, 5, 37, 214Lepidoptera, 165Lepista, 182Leptopilina boulardi, 180Leptopilina clavipes, 180Leptopilina heterotoma, 180Leptoshaeria, 333, 336Leptosphaeria maculans, 352Leptostroma, 336Leucopaxillus gentianeus, 250Limacella illinita, 233Listeria monocytogenes, 255Lolium perenne, 216Lordithon lunulatus, 159, 161, 185Lucilia sp., 178, 179Lucilia sericata, 179Lycaeides argyrognomon, 184Lycoperdaceae, 233Lycoriella ingenua, 160Lysurus mokusin, 178, 179

MMacaca discata yakui, 176Macrocystidia cucumis, 233Macrophomina phaseolina, 261Magnaporthe sp., 243, 286Magnaporthe grisea, 17, 25, 333Magnaporthe oryzae, 28, 33, 261, 284, 286, 400

440 Biosystematic Index

Malthodes fuscus, 161Malvaceae, 143Marasmiellus ramealis, 243, 248Marasmiellus troyanus, 243Marasmius sp., 242, 243Marasmius cladophyllus, 243Megaselia halteria, 160, 161Melaleuca alternifolia, 279Melanopsichium pennsylvanicum, 73Meles meles, 178Meloidogyne incognita, 261Memestra brassicae, 187Mentha piperita, 144Meripilaceae, 250Meruliaceae, 237, 240, 252Metapochonia rubescens, 307Metarhizium acridum, 345Metarhizium anisopliae, 335, 353, 354Metarhizium flavoviride, 320Metschnikowia bicuspidata, 108Micrococcus luteus, 249Micromonospora sp., 220Millerozyma acaciae, 97, 103Millerozyma farinosa, 94, 100Millipedes, 173, 182Mitchellania horrida, 171Monascus sp., 387, 388, 394, 418, 419Monascus aurantiacus, 416, 420Monascus purpureus, 416, 419Monascus ruber, 416Monochaetia, 220Monosporium bonorden, 387Morchella sp., 5Morulina alata, 170Mrakia aquatica, 97Mucor irregularis, 338Mucor miehei, 182, 234Mucoromycotina, 182Mucor plumbeus, 249, 254, 256Mycena sp., 259–261Mycena aurantiomarginata, 260Mycenaceae, 250, 254, 256, 260, 261Mycena citricolor, 256Mycena epipterygia, 182Mycena haematopus, 260Mycena metata, 260Mycena pelianthina, 260Mycena pruinosoviscida, 260Mycena pura, 170Mycena rosea, 260

Mycena sanguinolenta, 260Mycena tintinnabulum, 247Mycoacia uda, 237Mycobacterium smegmatis, 243Mycobacterium tuberculosis, 235, 243, 251Mycodrosophila sp., 170Mycodrosophila gratiosa, 179Mycosphaerella graminicola, 2Mycogone perniciosa, 158Mycosphaerella, 215Mycosphaerellaceae, 215Myriogenospora atramentosa, 133, 134Myrothecium verrucaria, 338Myxococcus fulvus, 317Myxococcus stipitatus, 311

NNaematelia aurantialba, 254Naematoloma fasciculare, 251Naematoloma sublaterium, 168Nannizzia gypsea, 74Nanoarchaeum equitans, 61Nectria haematococca, 15, 19Neisseria gonorhoeae, 245Nematospora coryli, 234Neocosmospora vasinfecta, 336Neocosmospora virguliforme, 261Neonothopanus nambi, 256Neosartorya, 9Neosartorya fischeri, 2Neotyphodium sp., 354Neotyphodium typhinum, 133Neurospora crassa, 2, 3, 5–8, 10–13, 16, 17, 20–

25, 28, 31–37, 39, 126, 333Neurospora tetrasperma, 4Nigrosabulum globosum, 345Nigrospora sphaerica, 223Nippostrongylus brasiliensis, 310

OOcetotemnus glabricus, 165, 166Omphalotaceae, 242, 243, 248, 256, 261Omphalotus sp., 242Omphalotus illudens, 242, 243Omphalotus olearius, 241–243, 246, 341Oniscus asellus, 183Onychocola sclerotica, 338Ophiocordyceps communis, 344Oryzae sativa, 261

Biosystematic Index 441

Oudemansiella mucida, 182Oxycnemus, 160, 181Oxytropis lambertii, 143Oxytropis sericea, 143

PPaecilomyces sp., 333, 416Paecilomyces cinnamomeus, 345Paecilomyces militaris, 313Paecilomyces sp. FKI-0550, 306Panagrellus redivivus, 183, 235, 261Panellus stipticus, 256Pantoea sp., 220Parabolitophagus, 19Parabolitophagus felix, 166Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, 74Paraconiothyrium variabile, 219, 224Paraphaeosphaeria sp., 218Paxillus curtisii, 261–264Paxillus involutus, 188Penicillium sp., 9, 19, 220, 277, 311, 312, 317,

333, 336, 339, 376, 388, 394Penicillium aurantiogriseum, 221, 222Penicillium camemberti, 421Penicillium canescens, 240Penicillium chrysogenum, 4, 5, 9, 17, 20, 38, 68,

282, 417, 421Penicillium citreoviride, 321Penicillium citrinum, 415–417, 420, 424, 426,

427Penicillium commune, 417Penicillium corylophilum, 334Penicillium crustosum, 417Penicillium digitatum, 108, 421Penicillium dipodomyis, 334Penicillium expansum, 221, 222, 373, 374, 415–

417, 420, 421, 423, 426, 428Penicillium fellutanum, 334Penicillium funiculosum, 309, 317Penicillium griseofulvum, 421Penicillium italicum, 422Penicillium janczewskii, 334Penicillium marneffei, 400Penicillium nalgiovense, 334, 417Penicillium nordicum, 415, 417–419, 423, 425–

427Penicillium notatum, 255Penicillium lanosum, 334Penicillium lilacinum, 322Penicillium oxalicum var. Armeniaca, 387

Penicillium patulum, 388, 414, 417, 421Penicillium rivulum, 338Penicillium roqueforti, 9, 417, 421Penicillium rubens, 421Penicillium rugulosum, 311Penicillium simplicissimum, 334Penicillium solitum, 417Penicillium sp. FKI-3389, 309Penicillium subgenus Biverticillium, 311Penicillium thymicola, 415, 418Penicillium urticae, 421Penicillium vermiculatum, 309Penicillium verrucosum, 415–420, 422–427Penicillium viridicatum, 417Peniophora sp., 341Peniophora pseudopini, 182Perenniporia sp., 253, 254Perenniporia fraxinea, 243, 251Periglandula sp., 133–137, 142, 143, 145Periglandula ipomoeae, 137, 139, 143, 144Periglandula turbinae, 137, 139, 141, 144Perisporiopsis melioloides, 334, 353Peromyscus alstoni, 172Peromyscus maniculatus, 172Pestalotia, 220Pestalotiopsis sp., 220Pestalotiopsis fici, 222Petromyces, 9Pezizomycetes, 5, 37Pezizomycotina, 7, 35, 214Phaeolus schweinitzii, 255, 256Phaeosphaeria, 344Phaeosphaeria nodorum, 2, 70Phallaceae, 177Phallales, 177, 181Phallus impudicus, 159, 161, 175, 178–183Phallus indusiatus, 175Phanerochaetaceae, 239, 240, 252, 253Phanerochaete velutina, 182, 183Phellinus sp., 182Phellinus chrysoloma, 185Phellinus pini, 256Phellinus tremulae, 240Phellodon niger, 249Phialocephala scopiformis, 217Phlebia uda, 236, 237Phlebiopsis gigantea, 240Pholiota sp., 182, 233, 234Pholiota adiposa, 233Pholiota spumosa, 254Pholiota squarrosa, 188, 256

442 Biosystematic Index

Phoma sp., 333, 336, 339, 345, 353, 386Phomopsis glabrae, 344Phomopsis leptostromiformis, 332Phomposis glabrae, 345Phylloporia ribis, 182Physalacriaceae, 237–239, 254, 256Phytophthora sp., 218Phytophthora infestans, 234, 237, 243, 253, 260,

261, 282Picea glauca, 217Pichia sp., 93Pichia anomala, 91, 94, 319Pichia farinosa, 91Pichia kluyveri, 91, 93, 94Pichia membranifaciens, 91, 93, 108Pichia pastoris, 27Pinus sp., 174Pinus contorta, 174Pinus monticola, 215Piriformospora indica, 218Piskurozyma capsuligenum, 92Pisolithus tinctorius, 187Pithomyces sp., 220, 336Pithomyces chartarum, 334Plasmodium berghei, 108Plasmodium falciparum, 235, 240, 243, 251, 254,

317Plasmopara viticola, 260Pleosporaceae, 215, 345Pleosporales, 215Pleurage setosa, 10Pleurotaceae, 233, 236, 237Pleurotus sp., 236, 237Pleurotus citrinopileatus, 237Pleurotus cornucopiae, 236Pleurotus cystidiosus, 237Pleurotus djamor, 168Pleurotus ostreatus, 156Pleurotus pulmonarius, 156Pleurotus sapidus, 156Pleutorus djamor, 168Plutella xylostella, 184Poaceae, 132Pochonia chlamydosporia, 223Podospora anserina, 3–5, 7, 8, 15, 17, 20, 22, 25,

28, 33, 34, 38, 70Podospora setosa, 10Polyporaceae, 233, 243, 244, 251, 252, 254, 258,

259Polyporus arcularius, 243

Polyporus ciliatus, 243Polyporus sulfureus, 162Populus � canescens, 188Porcellio scaber, 182Poria albocincta, 243Porodaedalea pini, 256Porogramme albocincta, 243Portunus trituberculatus, 108Postia placenta, 186Preussia intermedia, 215Proisotoma minuta, 161, 162Psathyrellaceae, 173, 244–246, 261Psathyrella macrescibilis, 246Pseudallescheria, 336Pseudocercospora musae, 72Pseudomerulius curtisii, 261–264Pseudomonas sp., 158Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 237, 317Pseudomonas putida, 158, 317Pseudotsuga, 174Pterulaceae, 233, 252Pterula sp., 252, 302, 345Puccinia recondita, 260Pycnocnemus, 160Pyrenophora teres, 260Pyrenophora tritici-repentis, 65, 69Pyricularia oryzae, 233, 234, 237, 243Pyrococcus, 61Pyronema confluens, 2, 5, 7, 10, 37Pyronema domesticum, 10

RRadulomyces confluens, 233Resinicium bicolor, 182, 183Resupinatus leightonii, 233Rhinocladiella mackenziei, 65, 74Rhizoctonia leguminicola, 143Rhizoctonia solani, 187, 260Rhizopogon, 172, 174Rhodotorula glutinis, 249Rhynchodemidae, 170Ripartites metrodii, 233Ripartites tricholoma, 233Rosellinia necatrix, 333Russula sp., 174, 246, 247Russula bella, 171Russulaceae, 247Russula emetica, 176Russula flavida, 168

Biosystematic Index 443

Russula japonica, 247Russula lepida, 247Russula nobilis, 247Russula rosea, 247Russula sanguinea, 247Russulae, 164

SSaccharomyces, 4Saccharomyces cariocanus, 74Saccharomyces cereviseae, 2, 14, 16–18, 21–23,

26, 27, 35, 38–40, 57, 87, 90, 92, 93, 95–97,103, 119–124, 277, 289, 332, 372, 401

Sarciophaga, 179Sarcodon sp., 261–264Sarcodon leucopus, 262, 264Sarcodon scabrosus, 248–250, 262Schizophyllum commune, 182Schizosaccharomyces pombe, 2, 4, 124, 249Schwanniomyces occidentalis, 92Sciurus vulgaris, 172Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, 2, 20, 32, 33Scytalidium, 339Septoria tritici, 253Serpulaceae, 260Serpula himantioides, 259, 260Siculobata leontonycha, 165Siegesbeckia pubescens, 240Sirex noctilio, 186Sirodesmium, 336Sordaria, 8Sordariaceae, 5Sordaria fimicola, 14Sordaria macrospora, 2–8, 14–17, 20–25, 28,

32–34, 36–40Sordariomycetes, 5, 9, 35, 36, 214Sphaerulina musiva, 74Sphingomonas taxi, 220Spiromyces aspiralis, 72Spizellomyces punctatus, 69Stachybotrys chartarum, 336Stachylidium, 338Staphylococcus aureus, 235–237, 240, 244, 249,

258, 264Steccherinaceae, 250Stereaceae, 233–236, 252, 256–258Stereum sp., 182, 184, 233–236, 256, 257Stereum cf. sanguinolentum, 235Stereum complicatum, 254

Stereum gausapatum, 183Stereum hirsutum, 183, 184, 256–258, 333, 336Stereum insigne, 256Stereum ostrea, 235, 256Stereum vibrans, 254Streptomyces sp., 220, 297, 303, 317Streptomyces collinus, 313Streptomyces diastatochromogenes, 321Streptomyces parvulus, 388Streptomyces thioluteus, 308Strobilurus ohshimae, 171Strobilurus tenacellus, 386Stropharia sp., 182Strophariaceae, 233, 254Stropharia rugosoannulata, 188Suillaceae, 252Suillus sp., 172, 174Suillus granulatus, 168Suillus grevillei, 262Suillus luteus, 252Suillus tomentisus, 172Sulcacis affinis, 159, 161Sus scrofa, 174Sutorius eximius, 261–264Sydowia polyspora, 215Synechocystis, 61

TTaiwanofungus camphoratus, 162, 258Talaromyces sp., 9, 311, 312, 337Talaromyces allahabadensis, 311Talaromyces new sectional classification, 312Talaromyces rugulosus, 311Talaromyces sp. FKI-6713, 311Talaromyces wortmannii, 311Tamiasciurus hudsonicus, 176Tapinellaceae, 261–264Tapinella panuoides, 262Tausonia pullulans, 97Taxomyces andreanae, 220Taxomyces brevifolia, 220Taxus sp., 220Taxus baccata, 221Taxus brevifolia, 219Teratosphaeriaceae, 215Termitomyces, 187Tetranychus urticae, 242Tetrapisispora phaffii, 92, 94, 107Thanatephorus cucumeris, 260

444 Biosystematic Index

Thaxteriella pezicula, 340Thelephora sp., 261–264Thelephora aurantiotincta, 261, 263Thelephoraceae, 261–264Thelephora terrestris, 261, 263Thelephora vialis, 263Thermosynechococcus elongatus, 322Tilletia caries, 72Tilletia controversa, 72Tilletia indica, 65Tilletia walkeri, 65Tolypocladium sp., 340Tolypocladium inflatum, 321, 336Tolypocladium parasiticum, 336Tolypocladium terricola, 336Tolypocladium tundrense, 336Tomentella sublilacena, 170Torrubiella sp., 333Torrubiella luteorostrata, 345Totiviridae, 95, 96, 101Trametes sp., 166Trametes gibbosa, 159, 161, 166Trametes menziesii, 252Trametes speciosa, 258, 259Trametes versicolor, 159, 165, 166, 182, 183, 185,

186, 353Tremallales, 215Trichoderma sp., 153, 303, 312, 333, 335, 336Trichoderma aggressivum, 158, 160Trichoderma asperellum, 338Trichoderma harzianum, 312Trichoderma longibrachiatum, 333, 386Trichoderma pseudokoningii, 333Trichoderma reesei, 10–14, 16, 34Trichoderma viride, 336Tricholoma matsutake, 162Tricholomataceae, 233, 247, 250, 252Tricholoma vaccinum, 187Trichophyton mentagrophytes, 317Trichosurus vulpecula, 172Trigona, 178Tritoma bipustulata, 159Trogossita japonica, 166Trypodenderon domesticum, 186Tuber sp., 174Tuber borchii, 187Tuber indicum, 336Tuber melanosporum, 2Turbina sp., 141

Turbina corymbosa, 133, 134, 136, 137, 139, 141,143

Tylopilus eximius, 261–264Tyrophagus putrescentiae, 159, 160, 168, 169

UUlmus sp., 241Ursus arctos horribilis, 174Ustilaginoidea virens, 332Ustilago cynodontis, 333Ustilago maydis, 97, 100, 107, 108, 216, 333Ustilagomycotina, 65

VVaccinium myrtillus L., 218Valsaceae, 215Valsa pyri, 33Venturia inaequalis, 5Verticillium sp., 307, 335, 336, 345, 353Verticillium albo-atrum, 254Verticillium dahliae, 283Verticillium hemipterigenum, 345Volvariella volvaceae, 162

WWallabia bicolor, 172Wickerhamomyces anomalus, 106–108Williopsis californica, 91

XXanthoparmelia scabrosa, 336Xerula sp., 253, 254Xylaria, 220, 336, 338Xylariaceae, 345Xylobolus subpileatus, 256Xylona heveae, 222

YYarrowia lipolytica, 323

ZZalerion arboricola, 336Zearagytodes maculifer, 170Zygomycetes, 332Zygosaccharomyces bailii, 74, 97, 99, 100

Biosystematic Index 445

Subject Index

AAcetaldehyde, 186Acetic acid, 179Acetohydroxyacid synthase, 284Acetone, 186Acrebol, 318ACR-toxin, 303ACR-toxin I, 322Activity-based fractioning, 224Aculeacin A, 336Adaptation, 415–417, 423, 425–428Adaption

anti-predator, 175defense, 175

Aflatoxins, 386, 388, 392, 414, 425Agaricomycetes, 167

fruiting bodies, 154Agarics, 162Agroclavine, 1411-Alaninechlamydocin, 352Alcohols, 152

aliphatic, 166Aliphatic acids, 179Alkaloids, 213, 214Allelochemicals

allomones, 152inter-species, 152kairomones, 152synomones, 152

Allochemicals, 159–162Allomones, 152, 179Allylamine, 280Alternaramide, 353Alternariol, 425, 428Amanita-toxins, 342Amanitins, 341Ambrosia beetles, 187

a-Amorpheme, 183g-Amorpheme, 183Amphotericin, 280AM toxins, 354Anaerobic complex II, 302Anhydrofulvic acid, 317Animals

carnivorous, 174, 177mobile, 150mycophagous, 176omnivorous, 174vectors, 150

Antagonismsintra-species, 184long distance, 183

Antagonist, 180Anthracyclines, 319Antibacterial, 216Antibiobodies, 106Antibiotic, 414, 426Antibiotic AS2077715, 317Anticancer drug, 220, 222Anti-feedants, 162Antifungal, 216, 223, 224Antifungal activity, 353Anti-idiotypic antibodies, 106Antimycin A3a, 317Antimycotics, 106Antioxidative, 426–428AntiSMASH, 389Antiviral, 216Antiviral properties, 353Antroquinonol, 258Apicidin, 352Apicidin F, 352Apiosporamide, 312Aporpinone, 258

Physiology and Genetics, 2nd EditionThe Mycota XVT. Anke, A. Schuffler (Eds.)© Springer International Publishing AG 2018

Aposematismolfactory, 175

Apothecia, 5Appressorium, 283, 286Ar-curcumene, 166Argadin, 353Argifin, 353Aristlone, 247Armillol, 245, 246Aromates, 152Artemis comparison tool (ACT), 389Arthropods

mycophagous, 178Arthrospores, 186Ascaris complex I, 307Ascaris complex I-specific inhibitors, 311Ascaris NFRD, 309–311Ascochlorin, 319Ascospores, 20Asexual development, 23Aspergillicin F, 352Aspergillicins, 354Asperpeptide A, 338Asteltoxin, 303, 321ATB-binding cassette (ABC) transporter, 18, 19ATP-binding cassette, 288Atpenin A5, 316Atpenins, 314, 316Atpenins A4, A5 and B, 312Atromentin, 262Attractants, 159, 161, 162, 179, 187, 189

signal, 152volatile, 165

Attraction, 184, 189long-distance, 185saproxylic species, 185short-range, 185wasp, 187

Aureobasidin A, 353Aureothin, 308Aurovertin B, 321Aurovertins, 26–28, 303Autocrine, 151Autonomous elements, 100Autophagy 286Autoregulator

defense, 1891-octen-3-ol, 156signaling, 189

Autoregulatory, 150, 189

Auxin, 187Azanapthalene, 285Azaphilones, 387, 388, 394, 396, 401Azole, 280, 282

BBacteria, 153, 158, 184, 187Bacterial intein-like sequences, 61Badger, 178BAR-domain, 122

F-BAR domain, 121Bark beetle, 185Basidia, 158, 164, 171, 175Basidiocarps, 166Basidiospores, 158, 164, 167, 169

discharge mechanism, 178germination, 170

Bassianolide, 347Beauvericin, 224, 353, 354Beauverolides, 347, 351, 353Beech, 183Beetles, 165, 166, 170, 173

carrion-attracted, 179ciid, 165, 166females, 161fungivorous, 161, 170males, 161mycophagus, 159nitidulid, 166, 181saproxylic, 159, 161, 165, 186scarab, 178spore-eating, 165tenebroid, 166

Bem46, 126Benzenediol lactones (BDL), 401Benzenoids, 183Bioactive compounds, 214, 216, 217Biochemicals

message-bearing, 151Biocontrol, 107Biodiversity, 213Biosynthesis, 368–370, 372–374, 377–379Biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs), 219, 221,

389, 393, 394, 396, 397Birds, 171a-Bisabolene, 182, 188b-Bisabolene, 166b-Bisabolol, 182Blennin, 247

448 Subject Index

Blue-light receptors, 11, 13Boledulin, 247Boletocrocin, 260Boscalid, 281Botryosphaeriaceae, 215Bracket fungi, 166Brackets, 161, 165

dead, 162Branching

hyphal, 150Breeders

obligate, 180–181opportunistic, 180–181

Breeding, 162–165, 180Brown-rot, 185, 186Brushtail possum, 172B-tubulin (tubB), 137a-Bulgarene, 183g-Bulgarene, 183a-Bulnesene, 183, 184Bulnesene, 1822,3-Butanediol, 179Butanoic acid, 178Button mushroom, 155, 157, 158

Ca-Cadinene, 183g-Cadinene, 183Cadinene, 186Calcineurin, 285Can1, 120Capsaicin, 301Carbohydrate metabolism, 286Carbonarone A, 309Carbon sensing, 23Carboxin, 314Carcinogen, 414(+)-3-Carene, 1863-Carene, 186Caribou, 174Caripyrin, 261ß-Caryophyllene, 188Cats, 177Cattle, 173C14 demethylase, 280a-Cedrene, 166Cedrene, 186

Cell division nodes, 119Cell wall glycoprotein, 95Cell wall integrity (CWI), 21, 22Cell wall integrity (CWI) pathway, 123Cell wall receptor, 90Centipedes, 173Ceriponol, 239Ceriporic acid, 253C-extein, 57Chaetocin, 352Chaetoglobosin, 373, 374, 379b-Chamigrene, 183Chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA), 26Chemotaxonomy, 153Chipmunks, 171Chitin, 282, 283

deacetylase, 282synthases, 63, 282

Chitinase, 103Chitinase B inibitors, 353Chitosan, 282Chlamydospore, 134, 1363-Chloro-4-methoxybenzaldehyde, 182Chlorostereone, 234Chromatin immunoprecipitation-sequencing

(ChIP-seq), 38Chromatin modifiers, 39Chromosomally encoded killer toxins, 88Cis-vaccenyl acetate, 180Citreoviridin, 303, 321Citrinin, 385, 387, 388, 394, 396, 414–420, 422–429CJ-15208, 353Cladophyllol, 243Clavariopsins, 353Clavariopsins A and B, 345Clavicipitaceous fungi, 132–134, 136, 137, 139,

141, 144Clavicorolide, 236Cleistothecia, 5Clitocybulol, 237CO2, 157, 158CO2 emission, 157Coccidiostatin A, 311Cochlioquinones, 300Co-cultivation, 341Co-culture, 345Colonisation

wood, 185

Subject Index 449

Combinatorial biosynthesis, 399, 401Communications, 149, 150, 154, 181, 182, 188

bidirectional, 149chemical, 181compounds, 151–152confusion, 189cross-kingdom, 150cross-talk, 149distances, 183drivers, 151eavesdropper, 180fungal-bacterial, 150fungi-root, 187infochemicals, 151–152information transfer, 149insect systems, 184intra-colony, 156invertebrates, 159–162long-distance, 152, 189multiple, 189networks, 189parasitic interactions, 187pre-contact, 150semiochemicals, 151–152short-distance, 152, 189symbiotic interactions, 187

Communitiesdecomposer, 181–184fungus-insect, 180multi-species, 183saprophagous, 182

Competition, 183breeding, 181deadlock, 183feeding, 181food, 150replacement, 183self-, 184space, 150

Competitors, 165, 189dominant, 180fungal, 183growth, 183

Complex I (NADH-ubiquinone reductase), 299Complex II porcine heart, 316Complex II selective inhibitors, 312Complex II specific inhibitors, 314Compositions

VOCs, 184, 185

Compoundsanti-microbial, 182chlorinated aromatic, 182communication, 151diffusible organic, 183DOCs, 183halogenated, 152infochemicals, 151message-bearing, 151nitrogen, 152semiochemicals, 151signal, 151sulfur, 152, 189

Concrescenin, 262Conidiospores, 158Conocenol, 239Conocenolide, 239Conoideocrellide A, 345Contact

physical, 183Copane, 186Coprinastatin, 245Coprinol, 245Coprinolone, 240Coprophilous fungi, 345COP9 signalosome (CSN), 31Corallocin, 256Cordyhepta-peptides, 338Cotton bollworm, 184CRISPR/Cas9, 286, 289Cross-talk, 149Cryptochromes, 11Cryptoporic acid, 243Cues, 188

chemical, 165definition, 188non-directional, 149olfactory, 172, 176, 185prey, 180visual, 172

Cullin-asociated-NEDD8-disocciated 1 (CAND1),31

Cuparene, 169, 186Curtisian, 261, 262Cyathin, 248, 249Cycloaspeptide, 353Cyclocalopin, 247Cyclochlorotine, 347Cyclopeptides, 336

450 Subject Index

Cyclopinol, 246Cyclosporin A, 336Cyclosporins, 336Cyrmenins, 318Cystidia

deadly, 171Cytochalasans, 386, 393, 398Cytochalasin, 243, 372, 373, 378, 379Cytokinin, 218Cytoplasmic replication, 101Cytoprotective, 218

DDeadlock, 183d-Decalactone, 303Deception

signal, 149Decisions, 189

making, 181signal, 149

Decomposers, 165, 181–183communities, 165generalists, 180

Decompositionenzymatic, 182litter, 182

Deer mice, 172Deers, 174Defenses, 188

antifeedant, 184anti-feedant, 184chemical, 165, 183responses, 184VOCs, 182

Degradationlignocellulose, 186

Deoxyfunicone, 309Deoxyspirobenzofuran, 246Destruxin B, 354Development

fruiting body, 156–159fungal, 150larval, 181plant, 187primordia, 156, 158signals, 150

Diamondback moth, 184Dicarboximide, 2851,5-Dichloro-2,3-dimethoxybenzene, 182

3,5-Dichloro-4-methoxybenzaldehyde, 1823,5-Dichloro-o-anisyl alcohol, 182Dichomitin, 244Dichomitol, 244Dichomitone, 244Diels–Alderase, 372, 375, 377–380Differentiation

fungal, 150tissue, 158

1,8-Dihydroxynaphthalene, 283Diketopiperazine, 3351,2-Dimethoxybenzene, 1864-[g,g-Dimethylallyl]tryptophan synthase (DmaW),

137, 141Dimethyl disulfide, 179Dimethyl trisulfide, 179Dimorphic switching, 287Dioxygenase, 156Disease resistant crops, 108Distribution

long-distance, 174Dithiocarbamate, 281Diversity

beetle, 165fly, 165

DNA damaging agents, 104DNA synthesis inhibitor, 98Dogs, 177Dormouse, 172Double-strand DNA endonucleases, 59Drivers

communication, 151Drosophilids, 180, 181DrT, 102, 103dsRNA virus toxins, 95Dung fungi, 172

EEarwig, 179Eavesdroppers, 188

signal, 149Ebelactone A, 284Echinocandin B, 336Echinocandins, 280, 282, 283, 336Ecosystems, 184

complex, 151environment, 151

(E)-b-caryophellene, 184Ectozoochory, 170

Subject Index 451

Efrapeptin D, 321(E)-Germacene D, 183, 184Eight-carbon compounds, 154, 159, 162, 166,

186, 189Eight-carbon volatiles, 154, 156, 162Eisosome, 119, 121–127Electron transport chain, 297Elephants, 173Elongator complex, 102Emericellamides A and B, 345Endocytic sites, 119Endocytosis, 98Endolides, 338Endophytic fungi, 213, 215, 216, 218, 220, 221,

223, 224, 338, 344, 354Endozoochory, 170, 172Engineering PKS, 399Enniatin, 340Enokipodin, 237Enolides, 3535-Enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase,

284Environments, 181, 189, 415–418, 421–424,

426–428complex, 151ecosystems, 151inhabitants, 149, 151multi-trophic, 182noisy, 151players, 151signals, 149, 151space-limited, 184spatiotemporal dynamics, 151

ENV1 and VEL1, 14Enzymes

lignocellulytic, 185(8E)-10-Oxo-trans-8-decenoic acid, 156Epibionts, 181Epibiotic fungus, 134, 137, 139Epibiotic niche, 133, 134Epicorazine C, 336Epicorazines, 336Epigenetic modulation, 220Epipolythiopiperazines, 336Epizonarene, 188Epizoochory, 170Equisetin, 373, 376–378, 380, 397, 401Eremophilene, 183

Ergoline alkaloid, 132Ergosterol, 280, 281Ergovaline, 354Erinacine, 249, 256Ethanol, 162, 180, 186Ethylene, 187Eurobionts, 181European hardwood ambrosia beetle, 186European woodwasp, 186Evolution of fungal inteins, 74–76Exocyst, 283Extein, 57Extrachromosomally encoded toxins, 95(E,Z)-1,2,5-undecatriene, 166

FFasciculol, 251Fatty acids, 152, 189

oxidation products, 155Feeding, 162–165Fermentation, 220, 221Fermentation starters, 107Ferrichrome, 333Ferricrocin, 333FGENESH, 389Filamentous ascomycetes, 17, 19Flammufuranone, 238Flammuspirone, 238Flatworms, 170Flavan-3-ols, 218Flavipucine, 312Flavonoids, 214, 219Flies, 166–169, 180

calliphorid, 179carrion, 178coprophagous, 179dipteran, 178drosophilid, 159, 167, 180dung, 178females, 178, 180generalists, 179muscids, 179mycophagous, 167, 181mycophilous, 159sacrophagous, 179saprophagous, 179sarcophagids, 179

452 Subject Index

5-Fluorocytosine, 280Fly, 165

host, 180larvae, 170mushroom, 160mushroom pest, 160phorid, 161sciarid, 160tipulid, 170

FOF1-ATPase, 321Foliar endophytes, 214, 216Fomitellic acid, 251Food, 159, 172

fungal, 150web, 182

Fostriecin, 303FR235222, 352FR901469, 345Fragrances

truffles, 153Fruiting bodies, 20, 150, 152–154, 156–160, 164,

165, 171, 180–182, 185annual, 162brackets, 165caps, 159conks, 162, 170discrimination, 189dry bubble disease, 158ephemeral, 162epigeous, 172gills, 159hypogeous, 172morphologies, 5perennial, 162, 185sequestrate, 172stipes, 159

Fumiquinazoline, 352Fumitremorgens, 352Fumonisin B1, 307Fumonisins, 388, 414, 425Functions

semiochemical, 187signaling, 188

Fungal complex I inhibitors, 300Fungal secondary metabolite, 372, 373Fungal sexual development

asexual propagation, 2fruiting bodies, 3

Fungiantagonistic, 153competitive, 183

coprophilous, 173decay, 183ectomycorrhizal, 187host, 150interactions, 150inter-kingdom signals, 150pathogenic, 150saprotrophic, 183sessile, 150, 167, 188symbiotic, 150vectors, 150wood-decaying, 159, 184

Fungicide, 139Fungivore-predators, 159, 170Fungivores, 159, 165, 168, 176Fungivorous, 161, 165, 166

monophagy, 162oligophagy, 162polyphagy, 162

Fungivory, 164Fungus

decay, 185dung, 168ectomycorrhizal, 174

Funicone, 309Funiculosin, 312, 317, 319Fusaric acid, 261

GGanoboninketal, 251Ganoderic acid, 251Ganodermacetal, 251Gastropods, 182Gene cluster, 137, 142–144, 417, 418, 420–422,

425Gene expression, 423, 425Gene knockdown, 400Gene knock out (KO), 394, 399Gene order, 421Generalists, 162, 164, 171, 180, 182, 185, 189

mycophagous, 179–180Genome, 417–420Genome sequencing, 215, 221, 222Genomics, 222Geosmin, 188, 233Germination, 150Gibberellins, 218, 221Glandular cell, 134, 136Gliotoxin, 336, 352Gliovictin, 334

Subject Index 453

Glomosporin, 353Glt1 gene, 72GLT1 intein, 72b-1,3-Glucan, 282b-1,3-Glucan synthase, 88, 280, 2821,3-b-Glucan synthase inhibitors, 345Glucosylceramide, 282Glutamate synthases, 63Glycan, 283Glycoprotein, 282Glycosphingolipid, 282Glyphosate, 284Gnats

fungal, 161fungus, 161, 184

Golmaenone, 333G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), 14, 285Granulodione, 241Granulolactone, 241Gray mold disease, 108Green-light receptors, 11Green mold disease, 108Griseofulvin, 280Grizzly, 174Growth

competitive, 183fungal, 150, 182mycelial, 158, 183

Guildsfunctional, 151

Gymnopeptides, 347, 353

HHabitat, 415–418, 421, 423, 428Haematopodin, 260Haenamindole, 352Hanseniaspora uvarum toxin, 107Harzianopyridone, 312H+-ATPase, 63HC-toxins, 340, 352Hedgehog proteins, 61Herbivores, 172, 173Hericenone, 256Hericin, 256Heterologous expression, 220, 223, 224Heterologous gene expression, 394, 400, 401Heterologous reconstitution, 372, 380Heterothallic, mating-type, 4Heterothallic ascomycetes, 19

Highly-reducing (hr) PKS, 389, 391, 393, 396, 401High osmolarity glycerol (HOG), 13b-Himachalene, 168Himanimide, 260Himeic acid A, 309Hispidine, 256Histidine biosynthesis, 284Histone chaperones, 39Histone H3 lysine 9 trimethylation (H3K9me3),

40HM-1, 88, 106HO gene, 76HOG MAPK pathway, 23HOG pathway, 285Homing, 59

endonuclease, 59site, 63

Homoserine transacetylase, 284Homothallic ascomycetes, 17Horizontal gene transfer (HGT), 221, 420–422,

428Hormones

autocrine, 151intracrine, 151intra-organismal, 151paracrine, 151

Horses, 172Host specificity, 132, 137, 139Hsp90, 285H-type (hybrid) pheromone, 19Humans, 171, 174, 175HUN-7293, 352Hydrocarbons, 152Hygrophorone, 253

IIcosalides, 354Identification

fungal, 153Ilicicolin H, 312, 317Illudin, 241, 242, 244Immunity factor, 105Immunity mechanism, 96Immunosuppressants, 352Incompatibility

heterogenic, 184Indole, 179Indole-3-acetic acid, 187Indole acetic acid (IAA), 218

454 Subject Index

Indolizidine alkaloid, 143Infochemicals

allelochemicals, 151communication, 151hormones, 151pheromones, 151semiochemicals, 151

Inhibitors of complex I, 299Insecticidal, 216Insecticidal activity, 353Insect pathogens, 344Insects, 159, 166, 179, 180, 185, 188

fungivorous, 162, 165, 166, 184saproxylic, 184wood-feeding, 185wood-inhabiting, 185

Integrated pest management, 287Intein, 57Intein-mediated production of growth factors

and other pharmaceuticals, 78–79Intein-mediated protein purification, 78Intein subdomains, 60Interactions

antagonistic, 183bacteria, 184combative, 184fungal, 184fungi, 184inter-organismal, 182inter-species, 184intra-organismal, 182microbes, 184protists, 184VOCs, 183

Intercellular niche, 216Internal transcribed spacer, 137, 139Invertebrates, 159–171, 181–186, 189

breeding, 162ecological niches, 185feces, 168feeding, 162generalists, 165grazing, 183habitats, 185mobile, 167vector, 185

Iron chelators, 332Ion-permeable channels, 93Isariins, 347Isocochlioquinone A, 301

Isoledene, 186Iso-longifolene, 183Isopinocamphone, 166Isosativene, 186Isovelleral, 182Iterative PKS, 401

JJasmonate, 187JM47, 340, 352

KKairomones, 152, 165Karyogamy, 158Kazusamycin A, 303Ketones, 152, 166Killer peptides, 106Kirromycin, 313K1 toxin, 95K28 toxin, 96

LLagomorphs, 171L-A helper virus, 95L-alanyl-L-tryptophan anhydride, 333Lanosterol 14 a-demethylase, 280Large intein, 60Laxitextine, 249L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine, 283Leptomycin B, 303Leptosins, 352Leucinostatin A, 322Life styles

fungal, 188Light, 426, 427Lignocellulose, 186Limonene, 183Linalool, 184, 187Linoleic acid, 156Lipopolysaccharides, 223Lipoxygenase, 156Lizards, 171Locoism, 143Long-chain base (LCB) signalling, 122Longifolene, 186Longipinene, 186Lovastatin, 385, 386, 393, 398, 401Lsp1, 122, 124, 125

Subject Index 455

MMacaques, 176Macroautophagy, 26Macrohabitat, 185Macro-invertebrates, 182Macromycophages, 181Mactanamide, 333Maleidrides, 396Malformin C, 352Malformins, 336Malodors, 152Mammals, 171–173

feces, 171, 173, 174large, 173–174mycophagous, 172small, 171

Mandipropamid, 282Manipulation

signal, 149Mannoprotein, 283MAPK cascade components, 22MAP kinase signaling, 21Marasmal, 243Marasmene, 243Marasmiellin, 243Marine-derived fungi, 338Mating-type (MAT), 32Mating-type switching, 76MCC, 119–127Melanin, 3, 283, 387, 400Melanin biosynthesis, 281, 286Mellein, 243Membrane compartments of Pma1, 119Membrane compartment of Torc2, 119, 123Message, 189

transmission, 151Metabarcoding, 224Metabolites

secondary, 182Metabolomics, 223Metacriamides A and B, 345Metarhizin A, 320Metatacarbolines, 2602-Methoxy-phenole, 1864-Methoxy-phenole, 186Methoxyspirobenzofuran, 2464-Methybenzaldehyde, 179m-ethylacetophenone, 187Methyl jasmonate, 2202-Methylpropanoic acid 2,2-dimethyl-1-(2-

hydroxy-1-methylethyl)propyl ester, 182

Methyltransferase, 40MIBiG, 389Mice, 171Microautophagy, 26Micro domains, 119, 127Micromycophages, 181Militarinone D, 313Mimicry

mushroom, 159signal, 149

Mini-inteins, 59Misinformation

signal, 149Mites, 159, 165–169, 173

orbatid, 165, 182Mitochondrial ATP synthase subunit 6 (Atp6),

137Mobility of fungal inteins, 73–74Molds, 158Molecules

signaling, 152Monoterpenes, 166, 183, 184, 186Morphogenesis, 150Moth, 161, 184, 187mRNA capping, 101Mtr, 126Multi-drug resistance protein, 284, 288Multi-site fungicide, 281, 290Mulundocandins, 336Murids, 171Mushroom-mite, 159Mushrooms

consumers, 171, 174consumption, 172, 175cultivation, 157edible, 174hazardous, 174intoxication, 177odors, 171–177, 186palatable, 176pest, 160poisonous, 175polypore, 161scent, 156, 162toxic, 152, 174, 175toxicity, 175

Mutant, 419, 420, 425, 427, 428Mutualism, 170, 181a-Muurolene, 183, 184, 188, 189g-Muurolene, 183, 184, 188, 189M viruses, 95

456 Subject Index

Mycelia, 181–186Mycelianamide, 334Mycelium

morphological changes, 183wood, 185

Mycenaaurin, 260Mycenadiol, 260Mycenarubin, 260Mycobionts

facultative, 181obligate, 179

Mycocleptism, 187Mycodiesel, 153Mycofumigation, 153Mycoparasitic, 153Mycopathogens, 158

ascomycetous, 158Mycophagists, 171

opportunistic, 174Mycophagous, 161Mycophagy, 172, 176Mycophobia, 173, 174Mycophobic, 172Mycorrhiza, 172, 187, 188Mycorrhization, 172, 174Mycotoxins, 289, 352, 385–388, 414, 415, 417,

422, 424–428a-Myrcene, 183Myxothiazol, 317, 319

NNaCl, 415, 417, 421–423, 425–429NADPH oxidases (NOX), 25Naemateliaceae, 254Nafuredin, 303, 304, 314, 322

biosynthesis, 303total synthesis, 303

Nafuredin-g, 305Nafuredin-g total synthesis, 305Natural products, 385Nce102, 120, 121, 125, 126

AfuNce102, 126AnNce102, 126

Necrophagy, 181Nematodes, 182, 183, 188Neoaureothin, 308Neoechinulin, 333Neoechinulin A, 353N-extein, 57Next generation sequencing (NGS), 214, 215, 224

NFRD, 303, 304NFRD inhibitors, 3042-n-Heptyl-4-hydroxyquinoline N-oxide, 317Niches

ecological, 184Nigernin, 249Nitidon, 252Nitric oxide (NO), 152-N-methylcoprogen, 333Non-autonomous elements, 101Non-reducing (nr) PKS, 388, 389, 391–394, 396,

400–402, 404, 405Non-ribosomal peptide synthetase, 417, 418Northern blue butterfly, 184NsdD, 36, 37N-terminal signal sequence, 17Nutrients, 14

translocation, 150Nystatin, 280

OOchratoxin, 414–4283-Octanone, 155–158, 162, 179, 183, 1871-Octen-3-ol, 155, 156, 158, 159, 161, 162, 165,

187, 1891-Octen-3-one, 15510-ODA, 156, 158Odors, 159

adverse, 175bouquets, 162–171changes, 180compositions, 185development, 180diversities, 189dung-like, 178fruiting bodies, 185fungal, 159, 165, 174, 186malodors, 152mushroom, 154–162mycelial, 185off-odors, 152profiles, 165putrid, 179repellent, 180signals, 152stinkhorn, 178–179thresholds, 154unpleasant, 175wood, 185

Off-odors, 152

Subject Index 457

Oligomeric proanthocyanidins, 218Oligomycin A, 321Omphalotins, 341, 353Operation taxonomic units (OTUs), 214, 215Opossum, 176Osmotic conditions, 424, 426Osmotic stress, 21, 22Ostalactone, 256Oudemansin, 254Oudemansin A, 318Oviposition, 159, 180, 186

stimulants, 179Oxidative rearrangement, 394, 397Oxidative stress, 423, 425–4273-Oxo-9,11-octadecadienoic acid, 224Oxylipins, 16, 152, 187, 218

1-octen-3-ol, 155

PPaclitaxel, 219–223Paecilaminol, 306Palmarin, 304Palmitoylcoprogen, 333p-anisaldehyde, 187Paracrine, 151Parasites, 189Parasitism

signal, 149Parasitoids, 165, 180, 181, 186

polyphagous, 180Partially-reducing (pr) PKS, 389, 391, 393PaT, 102, 103b-Patcholene, 183Pathogenic fungi, 79Pathogenicity, 427, 428Pathogens, 153

fungal, 188root, 187, 188

Pathwaysbiosynthetic, 154

Patulin, 414–417, 421–424, 426, 428p-cresol, 178Pelianthinarubin, 260Peltate glandular trichome, 137, 142, 143, 145Pentanoic acid, 178Peptides, 214Perenniporide, 254

Perithecia, 5Pest management, 153p-ethylacetophenone, 187Petriellin A, 351, 354PF1022A, 353Phagophore assembly site (PAS), 26Phallalophagy, 181Phenalamide A2, 311Phenolic acids, 218Phenols, 178, 214Phenostereum, 256Phenylalanine, 414–416, 4262-Phenylethanol, 179Phenylpyrrole, 285Pheromones, 16, 161

aggregation, 180autocrine, 151insect, 184intra-species, 151mating-type, 150, 151paracrine, 151precursor genes, 20sex, 151, 180

Pheromone signaling (PR)Pholiotin, 233Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate

(PI4,5P2), 121, 123–125PhotoreceptorspH signaling, 285Phylogenetic tree, 137Phytochromes, 11Phytohormones, 187Phytotoxins, 150Pichia kluyveri toxin, 93Pigments, 183, 387, 388, 399, 400Pil1, 121–126

SpPil1, 124PilA, 126PilB, 126(-)-a-Pinene, 186(-)-b-Pinene, 186Pioneer mountain pine beetle, 186Pironetin, 303PiT, 102, 104Pkc1, 124Pkh1, 122, 123, 125Pkh2, 122, 123, 125

CaPkh2, 125

458 Subject Index

Pkh-signaling, 121Plant

growth, 150pathogenic fungi, 108protection, 153roots, 150

Plasmodium infection, 108Pleckstrin homology (PH) domain, 125Pleofungins, 353Pleuromutilin, 247Pleurospiroketal, 236, 237Pleurotin, 237Pleuroton, 237PMKT, 93, 96Pneumocandins, 331, 336Poacic acid, 282Polarity nodes, 119Polyadenylation, 105Polyene, 280Polyketides, 152, 223, 415, 416, 418, 426Polyketide synthase, 415, 417–419, 422, 428Polyketide synthase-non-ribomal peptide syn-

thetase (PKS-NRPS), 389, 391, 393, 396–398, 400, 401

Polyketide synthases (PKS), 386, 388, 389, 391,393, 396, 399–401, 404

deconstruction, 403, 404domain swapping, 401programming, 389, 401, 403tailoring enzymes, 385, 389

Polyketone, 214Polyoxin, 282Polypores, 159, 161, 162, 165

conks, 165, 166Poplar, 188Possums, 171Predation, 175Predator rove beetle, 185Predators, 150, 159, 161, 166, 189Prey, 165, 180, 188

cues, 180food, 180insect, 161mycophagus, 185

Primary metabolites, 15Primordia, 156, 165Priority effects, 185Production

VOCs, 183, 184Prokaryotes, 150Protease, 417, 426

Protein degradation, 25Protein–protein interaction studies, 77Protein splicing, 57Protein splicing mechanism, 61–62Proteomics, 222Protists, 184Protoillud-6-ene, 166Proton-coupled dipeptide transporters

(PTR2s), 14prp8 gene, 63PRP8 inteins, 65–69Prugosene A1, 311Prugosenes, 311Pseudothecia, 5Psychrophilin D, 354Psychrophilins, 338, 347Pteratides, 345Pterulinic acid, 302, 304Pterulone, 302Pyranone, 252Pyristriatin, 249Pyrrolocin, 377, 378, 380

QQuinols, 214Quorum sensing

inter-kingdom, 150signals, 150

RRadulone, 240Rat-kangaroos, 171Reactions

antagonistic, 183signal, 149

Reactive oxygen species (ROS), 25Receivers, 188

cheated, 150communication, 149cross-talk, 149information, 149signal, 149

Receptionsignal, 149

Receptors, 151olfactory, 175

Recipientsfortuitous, 149signal, 149

Reindeer, 174

Subject Index 459

Relationshipsymbiotic, 186

Repellency, 184, 189VOCs, 161

Repellents, 161, 162, 180, 185, 189signal, 150, 152

Replacement, 183Reproduction

sexual, 150, 152, 159Resistance, 214, 218Resorcylic acid lactones (RAL), 386, 387, 394Resources

competition, 150Respiration complex III quinone outside inhi-

bitors, 280Responses

antennal, 186behavioral, 152physiological, 152primer, 152releaser, 152signal, 149, 152

Rhamnose synthase, 283Rhodotorulic acid, 332, 333Ribonucleotide reductase, 104RNA-mediated silencing, 399, 400RNA polymerase I, 72RNA polymerase II, 72RNA polymerase II large subunit (rpbA), 137RNA polymerase III, 72RNA polymerases, 72Root

formation, 187Roquefortins, 352rRNA fragmentation, 105Rugulosin, 217Russujaponol, 247Russulanobiline, 247

SSalt, 416–418, 427, 428Sambutoxin, 312, 317Sanguinone, 260Sangusulactone, 247Sansalvamide A, 353Sapromycobionts, 181Saprophagy, 181Saprosporophagy, 181Saproxylic, 161

Sarcodonin, 248, 249, 262Sarcoviolin, 263Scabronine, 249Scabrosin, 336Scents

fungal, 188Sch 210972, 372–376, 378, 380Scytalidamides, 332, 339Secondary membrane receptor, 90, 99Secondary metabolites, 16, 216, 219–224, 415–

417, 422, 423, 425, 426Secretion signal, 18Secretory gland, 134, 141, 144Seed transmitted fungus, 139Seg1, 122, 124g-Selinene, 188Semiochemicals

allelochemicals, 151infochemicals, 151pheromones, 151

Senders, 189communication, 149cross-talk, 149information, 149signal, 149

Sendingsignals, 149, 150

Sensinghost, 150signal, 149signals, 150

Sensors, 151Serinocyclin A, 353Sesquiterpenes, 141, 154, 156, 166, 168, 182–

184, 186, 188, 189alcohol, 184anti-bacterial, 182signaling, 166, 189toxic, 183volatile, 152

Sesquiterpene synthasegenes, 169

Sesquiterpenome, 242Sex

female, 160fungi, 150male, 160

Shearamide A, 354Sheep, 173Shimalactone A, 311

460 Subject Index

Shrews, 171Siccanin, 316Siderophores, 218, 286, 332, 333, 354Signaling, 149

color, 175communication, 149cross-kingdom, 150direct, 159indirect, 159pathways, 151smell, 175toxicity, 175

Signals, 149, 188, 189abiotic, 149autoregulatory, 150bidirectional, 149biological, 149biotic, 149communication, 149deception, 149decisions, 149definition, 188directional, 149eavesdroppers, 149function, 149fungal, 188honest, 149hosts, 150information, 149manipulation, 149mimicry, 149misinformation, 149parasitism, 149perception, 151reactions, 149receiver, 149reception, 149recipients, 149reliable, 149responses, 149sender, 149sending, 149sensing, 149taxon-specific, 189term, 188transfer, 149transduction, 424–426volatile, 179warfare, 151

Signal transduction pathways, 21

Silent gene cluster, 400Sirodesmin PL, 352Sle1-Syj1-Tax4 pathway, 123Slm1, 121Slm2, 121Slugs, 162

coprophagus, 170fungivorous, 161

SMKT, 94, 100Sorbicillinoids, 386, 396Specialists, 160, 162, 164, 166, 171, 180, 185

breeding, 165dipteran, 162mycophagous, 179

Speciosin, 258, 259Spirobenzofuran, 246Spoilage yeasts, 107Spores

animal transfer, 185cell walls, 168, 170discharge mechanism, 174dispersal, 150, 164, 166, 170–172, 175, 178,

179feces, 179feeder, 170germination, 164, 172, 179production, 158, 175protection, 171vectors, 150, 167, 171wind dispersal, 171

Sporidesmins, 352Sporocarps, 165, 174, 185Sporophores, 165, 178, 185Sporulation, 156, 166

asexual, 150Springtails, 169–171, 182

prey, 170SpSle1, 124Squalene epoxidase, 280Squalestatins, 386, 393, 396Squirrels, 171, 176

flying, 17218S rDNA, 137Stachyline, 243Ste12, 35Stemphone A, 301Stemphyperylenol, 223Sterelactone, 233Sterenin, 257, 258Stereumin, 235

Subject Index 461

Sterigmatocystin, 425Steroids, 214Sterol biosynthesis inhibitors, 282Sterol rich domains, 119Sterostrein, 235Sterpurol, 237Stevastelins, 352Stinkhorns, 159, 175, 177–181, 189Strains

antagonistic, 184Striatin, 248Striatin-interacting phosphatase and kinase

(STRIPAK), 24Striatoid, 249Strobilurin A, 302, 317Strobilurins, 254, 281, 288, 386Sub-cuticular oil storage cavity, 134Substrate

wood, 184–186Successions

fungi, 185insects, 185

Sur7, 120, 121, 124–126SurG, 126Swainsonine, 143Symbiont, 216Symbiose, 136Symbiosis, 153Symbiotum, 132, 141, 142, 144, 145Synnemata, 134, 136Synomones, 152, 186Syntheny, 420Systemic infection, 133

TTasmanian bettong, 172Taxadiene synthase (TS), 220, 221Taxane, 220, 221Tentoxin, 321Tenuazonic acid, 425Termites, 187Ternatin, 353Terpenes, 134, 152Terpenoids, 166, 186, 188, 189, 214

C10, 183C15, 152

Terphenyl, 261, 262, 264Terpinolene, 184, 186

Terrestin, 261, 263Thelephantin, 261–263Thelephoric acid, 262Thiocarbamate, 280Threonyl-tRNA synthetases, 63(-)-Thujopsene, 188Thujopsene, 186Tobacco budworm moth, 184TOR, 123, 285TOR complex, 121, 123(+)-Torreyol, 182, 184Torreyol, 184Toxicity, 414, 415

signaling, 175VOC, 183

Toxins, 175Transcription, 414, 418, 420, 423–425Transcriptional regulation, 32Transcription factor (TF), 4Transcription factor genes, 33, 34Transcriptome, 420Transcriptomics, 38, 222Transesterification mechanism, 103Trans-pinocerveol, 166Trans-splicing inteins, 62Trapoxin A, 339Trehalase, 286Tremulane, 239, 240Tremulenolide, 240Triazole, 282Trichogyne, 5Trichothecene, 425, 4272,2,8-Trimethyltricycl [6.2.2.01,6]dodec-5-ene,

186tRNA ligase, 103tRNAse, 102Truffles, 153, 174

dogs, 177hogs, 177

Tsugicoline, 236, 240Turtles, 171Tylopilusin, 264

UUbiquitin-proteasome system (UPS), 30Udalactarane, 237Udasterpurenol, 237Ukulactone A, 314

462 Subject Index

Ukulactone C, 311Ukulactones A and B, 309, 311Unculturable, 224Unguisin E, 338Unguisin F, 338Unnatural products, 389UPS protein degradation pathway, 29Ustilago maydis toxin, 107

VValencene, 186Velleral, 182, 247Velutinal stearate, 247Velvet, 16, 23Verlamelins A and B, 345Vermistatin, 309Verruculogens, 352Vertebrates, 171–177Verticilide, 347, 353Verticipyrone, 307, 314Verticipyrone total synthesis, 307Vertihemiptellide A, 336Vertihemiptellides A and B, 352Vialinin, 263Vibralactone, 254, 255Vibralactoxime, 255Virulence factors, 354Virus like elements, 100VMA1 gene, 57Volatile organic compounds (VOCs), 152, 188

Agaricomycetes, 154alcoholic, 153antagonism, 183anti-bacterial, 153antibiotic, 182anti-fungal, 153, 182anti-microbial, 153, 188autoregulatory, 159biotechnological potential, 152blends, 182, 186bouquets, 166, 187carbon-based, 152cocktails, 153, 154, 187combinations, 181defense, 182detection, 172

determination, 154deterrent, 160distances, 183ecological functions, 182fugitive, 189fungal, 152, 154, 185, 187fungi, 172inhibitory, 158insecticidal, 188interaction-specific, 183lipophilic, 152mixtures, 175, 179, 182, 184, 188molecular weight, 152nematicidal, 182origins, 182pharmacological potential, 152production, 183profile, 182scents, 174signal, 182toxic, 182truffles, 154vapor pressure, 152volatile organic compounds, 152wood, 172

Volatilesanti-fungal, 182blends, 186decaying wood, 185fungal, 152fungistatic, 182microbial, 153mushroom, 185mycelium, 185oil, 141, 142toxic, 172wood-emitted, 186

Volatilomes, 152Volatolomes, 152Volatomes, 152Volatoxin, 175Voles, 171

WWallabies, 171Wallaby, 172

Subject Index 463

Waspsbraconid, 180cynipid, 187eucoilid, 180parasitoid, 180solitary, 180

WC complex (WCC), 13WF11899A, B, C, 336WF-16775 A1 and A2, 312White-rot, 182, 184–187Wickerhammomyces killer toxins, 94, 107Wild boar, 174Wine fermentation, 107WmKT, 88Wood, 184–186

colonization, 170dead, 185decaying, 185, 186decomposition, 183infestation, 185resource, 185volatiles, 185

Wood-decay, 182early stage, 185

Wood-decaying, 159, 165, 185Woodlice, 182

Woodlouse, 183Wood wasps, 187

females, 186mycangia, 186parasitoid, 186symbiotic, 186–187

Wormsoligochaete, 182

Wortmannilactone E, 311Wortmannilactones E-H, 311

XXanthothone, 261Xrn1, 123Xyloallenoide A, 351

YYeasts, 181

ZZn(II)2Cys6-encoding genes, 35Zoophagy, 181Zygocin, 100Zymocin, 102

464 Subject Index