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TRANSCRIPT
Erich Mendelsohn, project for an AEG factory, 1914
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Erich Mendelsohn,!Einstein Tower, Potsdam, Germany!
1920-21!
Umberto Boccioni !
Unique Forms of Continuity in Space, 1913!
ZAHA HADID CURRICULUM VITAE!(born in 1950) Baghdad, Iraq!!1977 Graduated from the Architectural Association School of Architecture!!She joined Rem Koolhaas and Elia Zenghelis at Office of Metropolitan Architecture (OMA) became a partner in 1977. !
! !!It was with Koolhaas that she met Peter Rice who encouraged her. !
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El Lissitzky'
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El Lissitzky, Prounenraum, 1923 reconstruction 1971!!
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Erich Mendelsohn,!Einstein Tower, Potsdam, Germany!
1920-21!
Umberto Boccioni !
Unique Forms of Continuity in Space, 1913!
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Erich Mendelsohn,!Einstein Tower, Potsdam, Germany!
1920-21!
Zaha Hadid!BMW Plant Central Building, in Leipzig!2005 !
ZAHA HADID CURRICULUM VITAE!!
1980 Started her own London-based practice.!
1982 Awarded the Gold Medal Architectural Design, British Architecture!
1993 Vitra Fire Station, Weil am Rhein, Germany!
1997 MAXXI: National Center for Contemporary Arts, Rome, Italy – 1st!
1998 Landesgartenschau, Weil am Rhein, Germany!
1999 Phaeno Science Centre Wolfsburg, Wolfsburg, Germany –1st!
2000 Temporary Structure for the Serpentine Gallery, London!
2001 Hoenheim-Nord Terminus, Strasbourg, France!
2002 Bergisel Ski Jump, Innsbruck, Austria!
2003 Lois and Richard Rosenthal Center for Contemporary Art, in Cincinnati !
2005 Phaeno Science Center, in Wolfsburg, Germany !
2005 BMW Plant Central Building, in Leipzig !
2009 MAXXI, in Rome !!
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"There are three hundred and fifty-nine other degrees, why limit yourself to one?” !
Zaha Hadid!
Vitra Fire Station, in Weil am Rhein, Germany (1994) !
Her exteriors seem to be shaped by the movement inside and around them, rather than by some predetermined notion of external form!
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MAXXI: National Center for Contemporary Arts, Rome, Italy '
Phaeno Science Centre Wolfsburg, Wolfsburg, Germany'
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It is made out of "self-compacting" concrete, which was developed in Japan in the late nineteen-eighties for bridge-and-tunnel construction, and does not require vibration to make it set or troweling to make it smooth. !
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Phaeno Science Centre'
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The five-hundred-foot-long structure is raised about twenty-three feet off the ground, supported by ten giant steel-reinforced concrete cones that house services, including a bookstore, a conference room, a two-hundred-and-fifty-seat theatre, and the science center's entrance. !
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!!9000 m" of custom-manufactured project-specific formwork for the cones– owing to the complicated shapes--formwork items are only used once each! ##!
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She rarely uses the word "space" in talking about her designs, preferring words like "energy" and "field" and "ground conditions"; !
MAXXI!
The structure is made of crossed strands, like a tangle of fettuccine. These wavy spaces are remarkably true to the sketches that Hadid drew in 1998, at the onset of the MAXXI competition, on lined paper in ink.!
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Fine Aggregates
High-performance concrete is strong and workable
A technological advance in concrete formulation is reducing time and labor requirements in the construction industry while providing a strong and durable material. Self-consolidating concrete (SCC), sometimes referred to as self-compacting concrete, can e!ortlessly "ll and consolidate in complex structural shapes and around congested steel rebars, eliminating the need for mechanical vibration. SCC o!ers signi"cant advantages over conventional concrete mixes, which can create air pockets and material segregation problems because of improper consolidation.
Concrete is a heterogeneous mixture of water, cement, sand ("ne aggregate), rocks of various sizes (coarse aggregate), and air (porosity). In addition, today’s concrete often includes supplementary cementitious materials—such as #y ash, silica fume or slag—and chemical admixtures. Water and cementitious materials combine during the curing period to form a cement paste and produce "nished concrete with speci"c performance characteristics of workability, strength or durability.
Compared to conventional concrete mixes, SCC mixes incorporate a higher proportion of "ne contents, including sand, cementitious materials, and chemical admixtures such as high-range water reducers, superplasticizers, and viscosity modi"ers. SCC mixes are designed to ensure optimal #owability, passability (the ability to "ll restrictive spaces), and stability.SCC o!ers many bene"ts over conventional concrete:
•• Reduced labor requirements. Workers no longer need to vibrate concrete and can spend less time on surface "nishing and screeding for highway or slab-on-grade projects.
• Quicker installations. SCC has allowed contractors to achieve 50 percent higher production rates.
• Lower project costs. Fewer workers, longer lasting forms, fewer surface repairs, and a quicker installation process translate to lower project costs.
• Reduced construction noise. Lack of loud, heavy vibration machinery allows repair work to continue through extended hours in populated areas with noise restrictions.
• Improved worker safety. Workers no longer need to access unsafe areas on large or deep structures to vibrate concrete.
Example of relative proportions of various mix components in conventional concrete versus SCC
PCC SCC
12%
~17%
47%
23%
Cementitious
Water
Air + Admix.
Stone
SandAggre
gat
e: 5
5-7
0%
18%
~20%
28%
34%
12%
~17%
47%
23%
Cementitious
Water
Air + Admix.
Stone
Sand
-70%
18%
~20%
28%
34%
Course Aggregates
Cem
ent
Pas
te
Continued on backside
Self-Consolidating Concrete
Contact
Reggie Holt
Senior Bridge Engineer
Office of Infrastructure
FHWA
202-366-4596
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