“ you hear and use them all the time; now let ’ s recognize them! ” the phrase… we ’ ll...
TRANSCRIPT
““You hear You hear and use them and use them all the time; all the time;
now letnow let’’s s recognize recognize
them!them!””
The Phrase… The Phrase…
WeWe’’ll Start with ll Start with
3 Overall Kinds:3 Overall Kinds:
Verbal Verbal (3) (3)
AppositiAppositive ve
Prepositional Prepositional (2)(2)
Definition of a PhraseDefinition of a Phrase:
A group of words that does NOT have a subject and a verb, and acts as 1 part of speech.
In other words…. NOT a In other words…. NOT a complete sentence, complete sentence, butbut part part
of a sentence!of a sentence!
The The Prepositional Prepositional Phrase!Phrase!
You know this one already!
You know your prepositions so…..
““Anywhere a mouse Anywhere a mouse can go!can go!””
this should be easy!!!
The Prepositional Phrase The Prepositional Phrase
Consists of These ThingsConsists of These Things: :
1.1. A PrepositionA Preposition
2.2. An object (N or Prn)An object (N or Prn)
3.3. Any modifiers of that objectAny modifiers of that object
There are 2 There are 2 kinds of kinds of these!these!
For Example…
1. He wasHe was riding (riding (onon his skateboard). his skateboard).
2. I am a huge fan (2. I am a huge fan (ofof Twilight).Twilight).
3. My dad enjoys hunting (3. My dad enjoys hunting (inin the woods). the woods).
****HintHint… find the … find the preposition and go preposition and go
until you see the first until you see the first noun and stop….thatnoun and stop….that’’s s
your Prepositional your Prepositional Phrase!Phrase!
1.1. We were eating chicken wings at BWe were eating chicken wings at BWWWWs.s.
2.2. I watched ESPN on television last night.I watched ESPN on television last night.
3.3. He rode his dirt bike through the mud.He rode his dirt bike through the mud.
Find the Prep. Phrase in the following sentences.
Find the Prep. Phrases in the following Find the Prep. Phrases in the following sentences along with the object of the sentences along with the object of the preposition.preposition.
So…the definition of an Adj. Phrase So…the definition of an Adj. Phrase isis: a prep. phrase that describes a N : a prep. phrase that describes a N
or Prn.or Prn.
““You know what an You know what an adjective is right?adjective is right?””
““Yes, it describes a noun or Yes, it describes a noun or pronoun!pronoun!
““There Are 2 Types of There Are 2 Types of
Prepositional PhrasePrepositional Phrases.s.””
Adjective PhraseAdjective Phrase
Adverb Adverb PhrasePhrase
&&
LetLet’’s start with the s start with the Adjective PhraseAdjective Phrase…what …what
is it?is it?
ExampleExample: Sarah is : Sarah is the one (the one (with the with the
pink dress)pink dress)..
The phrase is The phrase is describing which one, describing which one,
(a Noun)(a Noun)
Now…the Adverb Phrase Now…the Adverb Phrase (Another Prepositional (Another Prepositional
Phrase)Phrase)““DonDon’’t hide! Itt hide! It’’s just as easy since s just as easy since
you know what an you know what an adverbadverb is right? is right?””
An Adverb describes: V, Adj., Adv.An Adverb describes: V, Adj., Adv.
So…the definition of an So…the definition of an AdverbAdverb Phrase Phrase isis: A Prepositional Phrase that : A Prepositional Phrase that
describes a Verb, Adjective, or Adverb!describes a Verb, Adjective, or Adverb!
ExampleExample: We must finish our : We must finish our project (project (before the holidays)before the holidays)..
““before the holidaysbefore the holidays”” is describing when to is describing when to finishfinish (a (a verb) so it has to be an adverb phrase. And… verb) so it has to be an adverb phrase. And…
““beforebefore”” is a preposition & this is a type of prep. is a preposition & this is a type of prep. phrase!phrase!
Prepositional Phrase and the Comma
• When you start a sentence with a long prepositional phrase, you add a comma after the phrase.
• Example:• Look at my first
sentence to the left!
When you start a When you start a
sentence with a sentence with a
long prepositional long prepositional
phrasephrase,,you add a comma you add a comma
after the phrase.after the phrase.
The End… for Day The End… for Day 1!!!1!!!
Take Take 2!!!2!!!
VERBAL PHRASESVERBAL PHRASES……There are 3 kindsThere are 3 kinds
1.1. Gerund PhraseGerund Phrase
2.2. Infinitive PhraseInfinitive Phrase
3.3. Participial Participial PhrasePhrase
““Ok, but what does Ok, but what does VerbalVerbal mean?mean?””
****VerbalVerbal: a word that is formed from a : a word that is formed from a VerbVerb, but is used as a N, Adj., or , but is used as a N, Adj., or
Adv.**Adv.**Example: Example: SmilingSmiling
childchild
Smiling is formed Smiling is formed from the verb smile, from the verb smile, but is acting as an but is acting as an
Adj. describing child.Adj. describing child.
ItIt’’s like a verb in s like a verb in disguise!disguise!
““II ’’m not m not a a
verb!verb!””
GERUND PHRASEGERUND PHRASE…
“Wait…what’s a gerundgerund?”
A gerundgerund is a verb form ending in –ing that is used as a noun!
For exampleFor example: (SkiingSkiing down that slope) was fun.
So, a Gerund PhraseGerund Phrase has has:: - a gerund -a modifier -& the entire phrase is used as a noun
ExampleExample: (Listening to Megadeth musicListening to Megadeth music at high volume)at high volume) may require you to have hearing aids later in life!
*As you can see, “Listening to Megadeth music at high volume” is the gerund phrase. Listening being the gerund.
Listening to Megadet music at high Listening to Megadet music at high volumevolume (the gerund phrase) is acting as the Noun in this sentence…
Ask yourself…What may require you to have hearing aids later in life? The answer is the Noun, which is the gerund phrase!
What do you think?What do you think?
NO is correct!!!NO is correct!!!
A A gerund phrasegerund phrase can come at the can come at the beginning beginning oror the end of a sentence. the end of a sentence. Look!Look!
EXAMPLESEXAMPLES::
Texting at school can get you in trouble.Texting at school can get you in trouble.
QQ: What is the gerund phrase?: What is the gerund phrase?
AA: : Texting at school…(at the Texting at school…(at the beginning of the sentence.)beginning of the sentence.)
Ok, do gerund phrases Ok, do gerund phrases always have to come at always have to come at
the beginning of the the beginning of the sentence?sentence?
==
““Ahh Ahh man, that man, that
was was stupid!stupid!””
Our favorite thing to do this Our favorite thing to do this weekend will be playing video games weekend will be playing video games
on Xbox.on Xbox.
Examples Continued…Examples Continued…
Q: What is the gerund phrase?Q: What is the gerund phrase?
A: Playing video games on Xbox…(at A: Playing video games on Xbox…(at the end of the sentence.)the end of the sentence.)
Playing video Playing video games on Xbox games on Xbox is acting as 1 is acting as 1
NounNoun
The end for Day 2!!!The end for Day 2!!!
INFINITIVE PHRASEINFINITIVE PHRASE…A verb form that can be used as a Noun, an Adj., A verb form that can be used as a Noun, an Adj., or an Adv. *Most infinitives begin with or an Adv. *Most infinitives begin with ““toto””..
ExampleExample: The crowd grew : The crowd grew quiet quiet to hear the movie A to hear the movie A
Haunted House.Haunted House.
What word is the infinitive phrase describing? grew…
Making the infinitive phrase act Making the infinitive phrase act as what part of speech?as what part of speech?
An Adverb!An Adverb!
Let’s Try Some…
1. Hearing Beyonce’s new song is one way to change your mood.
Tell me the infinitive phrase in each sentence. Tell me if it is used as an N, Adj, or Adv.Inf. Phrase: to change
your moodPOS: Adjective, describing way2. We used the new DVD player to watch Stepbrothers.
Inf. Phrase: to watch Stepbrothers
POS: Adverb, describing used
3. I learned to laugh and make jokes from Will Ferrell.
Inf. Phrase: to laugh and make jokes
POS: Noun, because “to laugh and make jokes” is the DO of the verb learned, making that object a Noun.**Remember…Infinitive **Remember…Infinitive
starts with starts with ““toto””!!!!!!
The The End End for for
Day Day 3!!!3!!!
The Participial PhraseWhat the heck does What the heck does participialparticipial
mean?mean?Participial is derived from participle and a participle is a verb form that
can be used as an adjective.
Here are some examplesHere are some examples:
Present participles end in –ing: The smiling child waved.
SmilingSmiling, a form of the verb , a form of the verb smilesmile, is , is describing the noun child, making it describing the noun child, making it
(smiling) an adjective.(smiling) an adjective.
““IsnIsn’’t that some kind of a t that some kind of a mammal?mammal?””
““No! ThatNo! That’’s a s a marsupialmarsupial!!! !!!
Examples Continued on next Examples Continued on next pagepage
DefDef: Verb acting as an : Verb acting as an Adj.Adj.
*Most past participles end in –d or –ed. *Most past participles end in –d or –ed. Some are irregularly Some are irregularly
formed.formed.
Participle Examples ContinuedParticiple Examples Continued……
ExamExamplesples::1. The police officers searched the 1. The police officers searched the abandonedabandoned warehouse. warehouse.
****AbandonedAbandoned is a form of the verb is a form of the verb abandonabandon and and modifies/describes warehouse so it is an modifies/describes warehouse so it is an adjective.adjective.
2. This plate, 2. This plate, boughtbought at a flea market, is a valuable antique. at a flea market, is a valuable antique.
****BoughtBought, a form of the verb , a form of the verb buybuy, , describes the noun plate, so describes the noun plate, so boughtbought is an is an adjective here.adjective here.
Ok, so those are Ok, so those are participlesparticiples, but , but what is a what is a participial phraseparticipial phrase??
““Well, a phrase is a group of words, so a Well, a phrase is a group of words, so a Participial Phrase must consist of a Participial Phrase must consist of a participle and anything describing it!participle and anything describing it!””
1. Noted for its convenience, FaceBook is used by millions of 1. Noted for its convenience, FaceBook is used by millions of people.people.
LetLet’’s Practices Practice… Tell the participial phrase and the word/s it Tell the participial phrase and the word/s it
modifiesmodifies.
Part. PhrasePart. Phrase: Noted for its convenience Word it ModifiesWord it Modifies:
2. IPods are wonderful inventions used by people IPods are wonderful inventions used by people everywhereeverywhere.
Part. PhrasePart. Phrase: used by people everywhere
Word it ModifiesWord it Modifies: IPods
Q:What is a Q:What is a gerund gerund phrasephrase??A: Group of words that has a verb form A: Group of words that has a verb form
ending in ending in ––inging in it w/ other modifiers in it w/ other modifiers
& acts as a & acts as a nounnoun..
Q: What is an Q: What is an infinitive phraseinfinitive phrase??
A. It is a group of words that has a verb A. It is a group of words that has a verb form that can act as another part of form that can act as another part of
speech, speech, usually starts with usually starts with ““toto””..
Q: What is an Q: What is an participial participial phrasephrase??
A: A group of words that has a A: A group of words that has a participle and any other modifiers; participle and any other modifiers;
****the whole phrase the whole phrase acts as an adjectiveacts as an adjective..
Last Practice Before You’re a Pro!!!Identify the phrase in each sentence and then tell what
type it is.
1. Some people like listening to hip hop music.1. Some people like listening to hip hop music.Phrase:Listening to hip hop
musicType: Gerun
d
2. American Idol, playing on the TV, looked like a 2. American Idol, playing on the TV, looked like a good episode. good episode.
Phrase: playing on the TVplaying on the TVType:ParticipiaParticipiall
Why?Because Because ‘‘playing on the playing on the TVTV’’ describes American describes American Idol, making the verb Idol, making the verb form playing an form playing an adjective.adjective.
Last One!!!!!4. In the United States, citizens have the right to In the United States, citizens have the right to
speak their minds.speak their minds.
Phrase: to speak their to speak their mindsminds
Type: Infinitive PhraseInfinitive PhraseWhy? It starts with It starts with ““toto”” and it describes and it describes ““rightright””, making , making
the verb form speak an adjective.the verb form speak an adjective.
Phrase #2: In the United In the United StatesStatesType?: Prepositional Prepositional PhrasePhrase
The The End End for for
Day Day 4!!!4!!!
Take Take 5!!!5!!!
The Appositive The Appositive PhrasePhrase Definition of AppositiveDefinition of Appositive:A Noun or Pronoun :A Noun or Pronoun
placed beside another Noun or Pronoun to placed beside another Noun or Pronoun to describe it.describe it.
Example: I chose one person, Example: I chose one person, the girl the girl in the pinkin the pink, to pass out the papers. , to pass out the papers.
Definition of Appositive PhraseDefinition of Appositive Phrase: Has an : Has an appositive and any modifiers. (A group of appositive and any modifiers. (A group of
words with an appositive)words with an appositive)
ReasoningReasoning::““the girl in the pinkthe girl in the pink”” is is describing person and is placed describing person and is placed
directly beside that Noun.directly beside that Noun.
WE WE
AREARE
DONE!DONE!
THE ENDTHE END
Now I know all Now I know all phrases!phrases!
““DonDon’’t be a dead fish! t be a dead fish! That was fun right?!?!?!That was fun right?!?!?!””