© water systems optimization, inc. 2004 2013 taud utility technology conference frequently asked...

© Water Systems Optimization, Inc. 2004© Water Systems Optimization, Inc. 2004

2013 TAUD Utility 2013 TAUD Utility Technology ConferenceTechnology Conference

Frequently Asked Questions in Frequently Asked Questions in Leak detection, Distribution Leak detection, Distribution

System Testing and Water AuditsSystem Testing and Water Audits

Paul V. Johnson, P.E.Paul V. Johnson, P.E.

Water Systems OptimizationWater Systems Optimization


Leak DetectionLeak DetectionWhich of the following can interfere Which of the following can interfere

with sonic leak detection?with sonic leak detection?

A.A.Pump StationsPump Stations

B.B.Electrical TransformersElectrical Transformers

C.C.Pressure reducing valvesPressure reducing valves

D.D.Old VW BusesOld VW Buses

E.E.All of the aboveAll of the above


Leak DetectionLeak DetectionWhich of the following can interfere Which of the following can interfere

with sonic leak detection?with sonic leak detection?

E. All of the aboveE. All of the above


Leak DetectionLeak Detection

True or False:True or False:

There are some systems where There are some systems where allall leaks come to the surface.leaks come to the surface.




There are some systems where There are some systems where allall leaks come to the surface.leaks come to the surface.

FalseFalse




If you dig down to the top of the If you dig down to the top of the pipe without finding water, there is pipe without finding water, there is no leak possible at that location.no leak possible at that location.




If you dig down to the top of the If you dig down to the top of the pipe without finding water, there is pipe without finding water, there is no leak possible at that location.no leak possible at that location.

FalseFalse




Opening a fire hydrant too quickly Opening a fire hydrant too quickly can cause a water hammer that can cause a water hammer that

can break a water main.can break a water main.




Opening a fire hydrant too quickly Opening a fire hydrant too quickly can cause a water hammer that can cause a water hammer that

can break a water main.can break a water main.

FalseFalse




Closing a valve too quickly can Closing a valve too quickly can cause a water hammer that can cause a water hammer that can

break a water main.break a water main.




Closing a valve too quickly can Closing a valve too quickly can cause a water hammer that can cause a water hammer that can

break a water main.break a water main.

TrueTrue




Valves and fire Hydrants will not Valves and fire Hydrants will not break if they are operated break if they are operated

properly.properly.




Valves and fire Hydrants will not Valves and fire Hydrants will not break if they are operated break if they are operated

properly.properly.

FalseFalse


Leak DetectionLeak DetectionWhich of the following can cause a Which of the following can cause a

missed correlation when using a missed correlation when using a leak correlator?leak correlator?

A.A.ConsumptionConsumption

B.B.Wrong Size of pipeWrong Size of pipe

C.C.Wrong pipe materialWrong pipe material

D.D.All of the aboveAll of the above



Which of the following can cause a Which of the following can cause a missed correlation when using a missed correlation when using a

leak correlator?leak correlator?

D. All of the aboveD. All of the above



Why should you always work past a leak Why should you always work past a leak until there is no noise when using a until there is no noise when using a

ground mic?ground mic?

A.A. May be more than 1 leakMay be more than 1 leak

B.B. Bends and T’s give false indicationsBends and T’s give false indications

C.C.Old patches give false indicationsOld patches give false indications




Why should you always work past a leak Why should you always work past a leak until there is no noise when using a until there is no noise when using a

ground mic?ground mic?





Leaks sometimes make enough Leaks sometimes make enough noise that they can be heard noise that they can be heard without using any amplifying without using any amplifying

equipmentequipment




Leaks sometimes make enough Leaks sometimes make enough noise that they can be heard noise that they can be heard without using any amplifying without using any amplifying

equipmentequipment

TrueTrue




Water under pressure, coming out Water under pressure, coming out of a pipe at leak, can cut through of a pipe at leak, can cut through

steel (skin, bones, fingers).steel (skin, bones, fingers).




Water under pressure, coming out Water under pressure, coming out of a pipe at leak, can cut through of a pipe at leak, can cut through

steel (skin, bones, fingers).steel (skin, bones, fingers).

TrueTrue




Most valves (12-inch and smaller) Most valves (12-inch and smaller) are 2 or 3 turns per inch to close are 2 or 3 turns per inch to close

plus 3 turns to seat the gate.plus 3 turns to seat the gate.




Most valves (12-inch and smaller) Most valves (12-inch and smaller) are 2 or 3 turns per inch to close are 2 or 3 turns per inch to close

plus 3 turns to seat the gate.plus 3 turns to seat the gate.

TrueTrue




Normally, valves that close in a Normally, valves that close in a clock-wise direction, are called clock-wise direction, are called

right-handed valvesright-handed valves




Normally, valves that close in a Normally, valves that close in a clock-wise direction, are called clock-wise direction, are called

right-handed valvesright-handed valves

TrueTrue


Distribution System Distribution System TestingTesting


Fire Flow tests can be run using Fire Flow tests can be run using just one (1) fire hydrant.just one (1) fire hydrant.




Fire Flow tests can be run using Fire Flow tests can be run using just one (1) fire hydrant.just one (1) fire hydrant.

FalseFalse




One 12-inch water main can carry One 12-inch water main can carry approximately 4 times as much approximately 4 times as much

water as a 6-inch main.water as a 6-inch main.




One 12-inch water main can carry One 12-inch water main can carry approximately 4 times as much approximately 4 times as much

water as a 6-inch main.water as a 6-inch main.

TrueTrue




When testing water meters, meter When testing water meters, meter pits do not need to be tested for pits do not need to be tested for gas because gas cannot build up gas because gas cannot build up

in a water meter pit.in a water meter pit.




When testing water meters, meter When testing water meters, meter pits do not need to be tested for pits do not need to be tested for gas because gas cannot build up gas because gas cannot build up

in a water meter pit.in a water meter pit.

FalseFalse



Loss of Head Tests can measure a Loss of Head Tests can measure a mains “C” value to the nearest:mains “C” value to the nearest:

A.A.0.020.02

B.B.0.20.2

C.C.2.02.0

D.D.20.020.0



Loss of Head Tests can measure a Loss of Head Tests can measure a mains “C” value to the nearest:mains “C” value to the nearest:

C. 2.0C. 2.0



A “C” value of less than 60 would A “C” value of less than 60 would normally be found onnormally be found on

A.A.Cement lined cast iron pipeCement lined cast iron pipe

B.B.Unlined cast iron pipeUnlined cast iron pipe

C.C.Plastic pipePlastic pipe

D.D.Ductile iron pipeDuctile iron pipe



A “C” value of less than 60 would A “C” value of less than 60 would normally be found onnormally be found on

B. Unlined cast iron pipeB. Unlined cast iron pipe



For two adjacent fire hydrants, one For two adjacent fire hydrants, one at the top of a hill and one at the at the top of a hill and one at the bottom of a hill, which one will bottom of a hill, which one will have the highest “Water Level” have the highest “Water Level” (pressure plus elevation) under (pressure plus elevation) under

“no flow” conditions?“no flow” conditions?



For two adjacent fire hydrants, one For two adjacent fire hydrants, one at the top of a hill and one at the at the top of a hill and one at the bottom of a hill, which one will bottom of a hill, which one will have the highest “Water Level” have the highest “Water Level” (pressure plus elevation) under (pressure plus elevation) under

“no flow” conditions?“no flow” conditions?

Both will be the sameBoth will be the same



If you are operating valves for a If you are operating valves for a system test and you find a valve system test and you find a valve closed that should not be closed, closed that should not be closed,

you shouldyou should

A.A. Leave it closedLeave it closed

B.B. Open it immediatelyOpen it immediately

C.C.Flush the main while opening the Flush the main while opening the valve valve



If you are operating valves for a If you are operating valves for a system test and you find a valve system test and you find a valve closed that should not be closed, closed that should not be closed,

you shouldyou should

C. Flush the main while opening C. Flush the main while opening the valve the valve




When checking pressure on a fire When checking pressure on a fire hydrant, never stand in front of a hydrant, never stand in front of a

hydrant cap.hydrant cap.




When checking pressure on a fire When checking pressure on a fire hydrant, never stand in front of a hydrant, never stand in front of a

hydrant cap.hydrant cap.

TrueTrue




When running a pump efficiency When running a pump efficiency test, the highest Total Dynamic test, the highest Total Dynamic Head is located at the shutoff Head is located at the shutoff

point for the pump.point for the pump.




When running a pump efficiency When running a pump efficiency test, the highest Total Dynamic test, the highest Total Dynamic Head is located at the shutoff Head is located at the shutoff

point for the pump.point for the pump.

True (?)True (?)




Pumps can never be run against a Pumps can never be run against a closed valve without causing closed valve without causing

damage to the pump.damage to the pump.




Pumps can never be run against a Pumps can never be run against a closed valve without causing closed valve without causing

damage to the pump.damage to the pump.

FalseFalse



Which 40 foot high standpipe would Which 40 foot high standpipe would have the highest pressure at the have the highest pressure at the

bottom of the standpipe?:bottom of the standpipe?:

A.A.A 10-foot diameter standpipeA 10-foot diameter standpipe

B.B.A 20-foot diameter StandpipeA 20-foot diameter Standpipe

C.C.A 40-foot diameter StandpipeA 40-foot diameter Standpipe



Which 40 foot high standpipe would Which 40 foot high standpipe would have the highest pressure at the have the highest pressure at the

bottom of the standpipe?:bottom of the standpipe?:

Trick Question – They all would Trick Question – They all would have the same pressure at the have the same pressure at the

bottom of the Standpipebottom of the Standpipe



Where is, normally, the best loca- Where is, normally, the best location for an elevated Storage tank?tion for an elevated Storage tank?

A.A.Close to the wtp/pump stationClose to the wtp/pump station

B.B.As far from the wtp/pump station As far from the wtp/pump station as possibleas possible

C.C.At the low point in the distribution At the low point in the distribution systemsystem



Where is, normally, the best loca- Where is, normally, the best location for an elevated Storage tank?tion for an elevated Storage tank?

B. As far from the wtp/pump B. As far from the wtp/pump station as possiblestation as possible


Water AuditsWater Audits


One of the fastest ways to improve One of the fastest ways to improve the “validity score” for a Water the “validity score” for a Water

Audit is to properly test the Audit is to properly test the production meters.production meters.




One of the fastest ways to improve One of the fastest ways to improve the “validity score” for a Water the “validity score” for a Water

Audit is to properly test the Audit is to properly test the production meters.production meters.

TrueTrue




No estimated data should ever be No estimated data should ever be used in a Water Auditused in a Water Audit




No estimated data should ever be No estimated data should ever be used in a Water Auditused in a Water Audit

FalseFalse



Which of the following are important to Which of the following are important to know in designing a plan of know in designing a plan of

intervention to reduce water loss?intervention to reduce water loss?

A.A.Infrastructure Leakage IndexInfrastructure Leakage Index

B.B.Real Losses vs Apparent LossesReal Losses vs Apparent Losses

C.C.Economic Level of LossEconomic Level of Loss




Which of the following are important to Which of the following are important to know in designing a plan of know in designing a plan of

intervention to reduce water loss?intervention to reduce water loss?




A very inexpensive Water Source A very inexpensive Water Source will impactwill impact

A.A.ILIILI

B.B.Non-Revenue WaterNon-Revenue Water

C.C.Economic Level of LossEconomic Level of Loss




A very inexpensive Water Source A very inexpensive Water Source will impactwill impact

C. Economic Level of lossC. Economic Level of loss



Source meters should be tested for Source meters should be tested for accuracyaccuracy

A.A.Every Six monthsEvery Six months

B.B.Once a yearOnce a year

C.C.Once every two yearsOnce every two years



Source meters should be tested for Source meters should be tested for accuracyaccuracy

B. Once a yearB. Once a year




A very abundant and inexpensive A very abundant and inexpensive source of water can reduce the source of water can reduce the

value of Real Lossesvalue of Real Losses




A very abundant and inexpensive A very abundant and inexpensive source of water can reduce the source of water can reduce the

value of Real Lossesvalue of Real Losses

TrueTrue



A consumer with large day flows A consumer with large day flows and low night flows should be and low night flows should be

metered using ametered using a

A.A.Turbo MeterTurbo Meter

B.B.Compound meterCompound meter

C.C.Venturi meterVenturi meter



A consumer with large day flows A consumer with large day flows and low night flows should be and low night flows should be

metered using ametered using a

B. Compound MeterB. Compound Meter


Paul V. Johnson, P.E.Paul V. Johnson, P.E.

Water Systems OptimizationWater Systems Optimization

[email protected]

615-457-3790615-457-3790

© water systems optimization, inc. 2004 2013 taud utility technology conference frequently asked...

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