-walls. definition and characteristics. -types of walls. load-bearing wall non-bearing wall...
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WALLS
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TABLE OF CONTENT
-Walls. •Definition and characteristics.
-Types of walls.•Load-Bearing wall•Non-Bearing wall
-Conclusions
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Do you know what a wall is and what is its function?
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Is a vertical structure, usually solid, that defines and
sometimes protects an area.
A building wall will usually have:
• structural elements• Insulation• surface
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Functions of the walls
• containment an area• for walling • delineates a building• separates space in buildings• to support roofs and ceilings
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• The wall may house various types of electrical wiring or plumbing
• Building walls frequently become works of art externally and internally
• Curtain walls
Characteristics
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Materials
The two most common materials used nowadays for walling in domestic construction are brickwork and blockwork.
Stones
Brick Concrete
Wood Masonry
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The two types of walls are load-bearing, which supports the weight of floors and roofs, and non-bearing wall, which
at most supports its own weight.
TYPES OF WALLS
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LOAD-BEARING WALL
The load-bearing wall of masonry is thickened in proportion to the forces it has to resist: its own load, the load of floors, roofs, persons, etc., and the lateral forces of arches, vaults, wind, etc., that may cause it to crack or buckle.
Its thickness can often be reduced at the top, because loads accumulate towards the base.
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The number of openings that can be used depends on the strength of the masonry and the stresses in the
wall. Walls in light, wood-framed structures and in reinforced-
concrete construction may have a bearing function also
Doors and windows weaken the resistance of the wall and divert the forces about them to the parts on
either side, which must be thickened in proportion to the width of
the opening.
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The placement of walls is determined by the type of support for
floors and roofs. The commonest support is the beam, which must be
jointed to walls at both ends.
All floors and coverings are most easily
supported on straight, parallel walls except
the dome.
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NON-BEARING WALL A non-bearing wall system is an outer covering of a building in which the outer walls are non-structural, but merely keep the weather out
and the occupants in. As it is non-structural it can be made of a lightweight material reducing
construction costs. The non-bearing wall appears only where loads are carried by other
members.
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CONCLUSIONSWalls are vital in architecture and our life, because they give us shelter protecting us from the outside.
Some of them are used to bear loads, but others work just as a separation from the outside and at the same
time, to give the building best visuals.