time magazine – “campaign inflation” 1. describe the growth of campaign spending since the...
TRANSCRIPT
Bell ringer Time Magazine – “Campaign Inflation”
1. Describe the growth of campaign spending since the mid-1980’s.
2. What is another name for the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act of 2002?
3. What happened in 2010 that dismantled BCRA & encouraged even more campaign spending?
Please put your answers to The Choice 2008 in the bin.
Linkage Institutions 2014
Elections & Campaigns, Political Parties, Interest Groups
Chapter 8 Elections & Campaigns
Today we will …Objectives/
Agenda Examine primary
and general elections.
Review ballot measures.
Explore voting trends & identify impacts on elections.
Agenda
1. Slide notes2. Elections and
Campaign CW3. HW- Brooks
article
Functions of Elections Provide means for selecting political leaders Make elected officials accountable for their
actions Important part of political participation for
citizens Legitimize positions of power in the political
system
Dates for national elections for Pres/VP & Congress are set by local and state governments
1. Presidential vs. Parliamentary
Role of “Head of state” & “Head of gov” are given to one person
Executive is directly elected by the people
Checks and Balances Separation of Powers Countries: U.S.,
Nigeria, Mexico
Parliamentary Sovereignty
“Head of state” vs. “Head of gov”
Majority party in the legislature elects the Executive
No separation between legislature and executive
Country: United Kingdom
Presidential Parliamentary
US v Europe
USA In US, elections have 2
crucial phases: getting nominated & getting elected
Both require individual effort on the part of the candidate
Europe In Europe, the political
party decides who will be allowed to run & puts the candidates’ names on the ballot
2. How do presidential and congressional campaigns differ?
More Competitiveo Winner usually gets less
votes -- 55% or less Larger voter turn out Rely on mass media to
reach voters Incumbent Presidents
are often held responsible for whatever goes wrong
Term limits = 2 after FDR
Less Competitiveo Winner usually gets over
60% of the vote Smaller voter turnout Closer contact
w/district’s voters Even incumbent
Congressmen can “run against Washington”
No term limits Mike Gravel - Rock - - Yo
uTube
Presidential Congressional
Think/Pair/Share Based on “The Choice 2008”, what are the key
steps in running for President?
Presidential Campaigns
Getting “mentioned” by the media Money Organization/PACs Strategy, Tone, Timing, Targets & Themes Presidential Primary – part of nominating
process for Pres & VP candidateso Convention
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_fy-uhxiXcE
The Real Cost of a Presidential Campaign: Presidential Prices - Bloomberg
Getting Elected to Congress
The problems of malapportionment & gerrymandering
Selected as the candidate for the party - win the primary
The effect of coattails? Staying in office & the incumbency advantage
1. Where do we see the biggest + changes?2. Where do we see the biggest – changes?3. What are some reasons why this is happening?4. What does this mean for congressional candidates?
4. What are the differences between running in the primaries
& the general campaign?
Primaries: o Voters are ideological –
appeal to the party baseo Mobilizes activists who will
give money, volunteer, attend caucuses
o Ex: Iowa Caucuso Anatomy of a Caucus | Vid
eo - ABC News Gen’l Campaign:
o Appeal to the center
Differences in Voter Turnout
5. Choosing the Candidate: Primary Elections
Open: Anyone can elect the party’s candidate
Closed: Requires registration in the party to elect the party’s candidate
Blanket: Vote for candidates of either party on one ballot
Run-off: If no candidate gets a majority of the vote in the primary, the top two candidates go have runoff primary to determine winner
Check for understanding
Which type of primary would allow choosing a Republican for one office and a Democrat for another?
Which primary is “exclusive”? Which primary is “inclusive”? Which primary is held after the first primary?
Other Ballot Measures Referendum: Determine whether
citizens support an action by their states/locality.
Recall: Vote on whether to “recall” an official before the end of the term.o Different from impeachmento Ex: California Gov Gray Davis was
replaced w/Arnold Schwarzenegger in 2003
8. Three factors in determining peace-time presidential elections
1. Political party affiliation2. State of the Economy3. Character of the candidate
Which group normally decides the elections? How do the economy and character affect
elections? What is the clothespin vote?
11. Party Realignment Major shifts in coalition that supports
one or both parties New issue cuts across existing party
divisions replacing old issues formerly making up the base
Partisanship: Loyalty to the party?o “split ticket” voting
New voterso Youth, immigrants, economy
Think/Pair/Share How did party realignment occur in:
o 1860o 1896o 1932o 1980
Realigning elections = “Critical Elections” or “electoral earthquakes”
Why party identification doesn’t determine who wins elections
More people identify as Democrats BUT …oDemocrats are less loyal to the party
oGOP does better among independents
oRepublicans have higher turnout
Types of voters, how do they vote?
Hispanicso Cubans?
African Americans Jews Catholics Southerners Union members Business people Poor people
Its all in how you look at it …
Prospective Voters Examine the how rival
candidates view issues we care about
Vote for the person we think has the best ideas
Requires info about candidates & issues
Time consuming – “political junkies” & activists
Position Issues
Retrospective Voters Looking at how thing
have gone in the recent past & if happy, then vote FOR the incumbent party or if unhappy, vote AGAINST
Doesn’t require a lot of info
Decides most elections!
Check for understanding
What factors contribute to voter turnout, when is it highest? lowest? Why?
What is the most common criterion that people use when voting for a presidential candidate?
Closure Elections & Campaigns Crossword
HW: Brooks: “One Nation Slightly Divisable” & RQs