time at the turn of the century when mechanization in industry replaced manual labor. began in...
TRANSCRIPT
CHAPTER 4 EOCT
VOCABULARY TERMS
Time at the turn of the Century when mechanization in industry replaced manual labor.
Began in England, but quickly spread to the US.
Lowell, Mass.
INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION Time at the turn
of the Century when mechanization in industry replaced manual labor.
Began in England, but quickly spread to the US.
Lowell, Mass.
Invented the Cotton Engine (gin) in 1793
Allowed the South to clean/ harvest cotton at a more rapid rate (Cotton Kingdom)
Increased slavery
ELI WHITNEY Invented the
Cotton Engine (gin) in 1793
Allowed the South to clean/ harvest cotton at a more rapid rate (Cotton Kingdom)
Increased slavery
Eli Whitney’s idea to make replacement parts for machines
He first began making muskets, but the idea spread to all industries in the US
INTERCHANGEABLE PARTS Eli Whitney’s
idea to make replacement parts for machines
He first began making muskets, but the idea spread to all industries in the US
An unforeseen consequence of the Industrial Rev.
The economic, social, cultural, and political differences b/t the: North (factory/
immigrant labor) South (plantation/
slave labor) West (frontier/ small
land owners)
SECTIONALISM An unforeseen
consequence of the Industrial Rev.
The economic, social, cultural, and political differences b/t the: North (factory/
immigrant labor) South (plantation/
slave labor) West (frontier/ small
land owners)
Mid 19th Century belief that it was God’s will for the US to expand and process territory from the Atlantic to Pacific Oceans.
MANIFEST DESTINY Mid 19th Century
belief that it was God’s will for the US to expand and process territory from the Atlantic to Pacific Oceans.
March 6, 1836 Small group of Texans
took refuge in an abandoned Spanish mission to fight against the much larger Mexican army under Gen. Santa Anna
All 186 Texans died Became rallying cry
for the Texas Revolution
THE ALAMO March 6, 1836 Small group of Texans
took refuge in an abandoned Spanish mission to fight against the much larger Mexican army under Gen. Santa Anna
All 186 Texans died Became rallying cry
for the Texas Revolution
Texas won independence from Mexico, and wanted to become a state.
Northern Republicans didn’t want it to b/c it could become many slave states
TX became a slave state in 1845
ANNEXATION OF TEXAS Texas won
independence from Mexico, and wanted to become a state.
Northern Republicans didn’t want it to b/c it could become many slave states
TX became a slave state in 1845
After TX, Polk turned his attention to Oregon, which was jointly owned w/ Britain.
“54-40 or Fight!” was the slogan in this feud.
Britain gave up its claim to the land
OREGON After TX, Polk
turned his attention to Oregon, which was jointly owned w/ Britain.
“54-40 or Fight!” was the slogan in this feud.
Britain gave up its claim to the land
Polk then provoked a war w/ Mexico
Feb. 1848 Congress agreed, and US and Mexico began the Mexican-American War.
The Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo ended this war w/ the US gaining a lot of land
The Gadsden Purchase was the last land acquisition by the US…it set the boundaries of the US today.
WAR ON MEXICO/ GADSDEN PURCHASE Polk then provoked a war
w/ Mexico Feb. 1848 Congress
agreed, and US and Mexico began the Mexican-American War.
The Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo ended this war w/ the US gaining a lot of land
The Gadsden Purchase was the last land acquisition by the US…it set the boundaries of the US today.
Settlers rushed into CA when gold was discovered at Sutters Mill.
The Compromise of 1850 enabled CA to be entered as a non-slave state in 1850
CALIFORNIA GOLD RUSH 1849
Settlers rushed into CA when gold was discovered at Sutters Mill.
The Compromise of 1850 enabled CA to be entered as a non-slave state in 1850
Hero in the War of 1812
Was a “normal” person, not wealthy aristocrat
His govt favored the poor common man
Spoils System
ANDREW JACKSON Hero in the War
of 1812 Was a “normal”
person, not wealthy aristocrat
His govt favored the poor common man
Spoils System
Western expansion
Rights of the frontier settlers
Resented “eastern elites”
Believed in Universal Suffrage—all whites voting (no property requirement)
JACKSONIAN DEMOCRACY/ UNIVERSAL SUFFRAGE
Western expansion
Rights of the frontier settlers
Resented “eastern elites”
Believed in Universal Suffrage—all whites voting (no property requirement)
Jackson rewarded those who supported him by giving them govt jobs (common today)
SPOILS SYSTEM Jackson
rewarded those who supported him by giving them govt jobs (common today)
Jackson’s belief that govt should not regulate private enterprise
Adam Smith first wrote of this in the book “The Wealth of Nations”
LAISSEZ-FAIRE ECONOMICS
Jackson’s belief that govt should not regulate private enterprise
Adam Smith first wrote of this in the book “The Wealth of Nations”
Jackson believed that the federal govt should be restricted to only those powers the Constitution specifically gave (like Jefferson)
STRICT INTERPRETATION OF THE CONSTITUTION Jackson believed
that the federal govt should be restricted to only those powers the Constitution specifically gave (like Jefferson)
Jackson saw the Native Americans as an obstacle for westward expansion/ Manifest Destiny
Jackson supported GA’s efforts to remove the Cherokee tribe
The Cherokee sued (find ct. case), but were removed anyway
INDIAN REMOVAL ACT Jackson saw the
Native Americans as an obstacle for westward expansion/ Manifest Destiny
Jackson supported GA’s efforts to remove the Cherokee tribe
The Cherokee sued (find ct. case), but were removed anyway
The march of the Cherokee Indians from Georgia to Oklahoma, where many suffered and died along the way.
TRAIL OF TEARS The march of the
Cherokee Indians from Georgia to Oklahoma, where many suffered and died along the way.
Jackson’s opponents took on the name “Whigs”
Jackson’s political party was the “Democrats”
Many bitter feuds b/t these two parties in the US during the 1840s
TWO-PARTY SYSTEM Jackson’s
opponents took on the name “Whigs”
Jackson’s political party was the “Democrats”
Many bitter feuds b/t these two parties in the US during the 1840s
The Second Great Awakening inspired many Americans to take up social causes to help the disadvantaged during the 1800sEducationTemperanceAbolitionWoman’s Rights
SOCIAL REFORM MOVEMENTS The Second Great
Awakening inspired many Americans to take up social causes to help the disadvantaged during the 1800sEducationTemperanceAbolitionWoman’s Rights
Horace Mann fought for better public education in the US
EDUCATION Horace Mann
fought for better public education in the US
Advocated abstinence from alcohol
Many states prohibited alcohol
Carrie Nation is an example of one such lady
TEMPERANCE Advocated
abstinence from alcohol
Many states prohibited alcohol
Carrie Nation is an example of one such lady
The movement to abolish slavery in America
ABOLITIONIST MOVEMENT The movement
to abolish slavery in America
Members wanted women to be treated equally w/ men…wanted suffrage
Seneca Falls Conference (1848)
Key people: Elizabeth Cady
Stanton Lucretia Mott Susan B. Anthony
WOMEN’S RIGHTS MOVEMENT Members wanted
women to be treated equally w/ men…wanted suffrage
Seneca Falls Conference (1848)
Key people: Elizabeth Cady
Stanton Lucretia Mott Susan B. Anthony