Warm Up Thursday, February 14, 2013

1. What elements are found in carbohydrates?

2. What elements are found in proteins?

ECOLOGY #1

Objectives1. Categorize ecology terms for

describing the different stages of an ecosystem.

2. Describe the difference between abiotic and biotic factors.

3. List real world examples of autotrophs and heterotrophs.

Ecology Ecology =

study of interactions among organisms & their surroundings (environment)

Species= group of organisms that can breed & produce fertile offspring Example: Cave Shrimp Non-example: Mules

Question? Why isn’t a mule an example

of a species?

Population= group of organisms that belong to the same species & live in the same area. Example: group of cave

shrimp in a single cave

Community= group of different populations that live together in a defined area Example: cave shrimp,

isopods, amphipods, & bacteria (in an underwater cave)

Ecosystem= Collection of all organisms that live in a particular place, together w/ non-living or physical environment. Example: Cave

System in Bermuda

Biome= group of ecosystems that have the same climate & similar dominant communities Example: desert, tundra, rain

forest.

Biosphere= part of the earth & its atmosphere in which living organisms exist or that is capable of supporting life Made up of:

land water air (atmosphere)

Put it all together! Draw a series of 5 circles: smallest in the

center & largest on the outside. Put the following terms in the circles to show how they fit together.

Terms: Biome Biosphere Community Population Ecosystem

Putting it all together

Biology

= study of lifeLatin Root: Bio = Life

= any living component that affects another organism Examples:

CompetitorsPredatorsPreyDisease (Bacteria)

Biotic Factors

Abiotic Factors= physical or nonliving things that shape an ecosystem Examples:

SoilWeatherLightWater

Niche= ecological role & space an organism fills in its environment/ecosystem Example:

Bee acts as a pollinator in its ecosystem

Sunlight = MAIN source of energy for life on Earth!

Energy

Autotrophs= Organism makes own food for energy Latin Roots

Auto = self Troph = nutrition/energy

Examples: plants, algae, some bacteria

2 types:1) Chemoautotroph – make own food using chemicals.2) Photoautotroph – make own food using light.

AKA PRODUCERS

Heterotrophs= Organisms rely on other organism for food (eat other organisms) Latin Roots

Hetero – different Troph – nutrition/energy

AKA CONSUMERS Example: mammals,

birds, fish

Carnivore= Organism eats only meat Example: Lion

Herbivore= organism eats only plants Example: zebra

Omnivore Organisms eat both plants &

animals Example: Baboons

Detritivore Organisms eat dead or

decaying matter AKA Scavenger Example: vulture

Decomposer Organisms that break down

dead or decaying matter externally, then take it in.

Example: fungus

Use those vocabulary words!

Provide a different example of each of the following on the next blank page: Herbivore Carnivore Omnivore Detritivore Decomposer Autotroph Heterotroph

Use a different color for each!

Warm Up Friday, February 15, 2013 What type of biomolecule is

represented by the following image?

ECOLOGY #2

Objectives1) List the important levels in a

food chain2) Create a food web for a real

world organism.

Food Chain

Autotroph/producer

Heterotroph/1st (primary) level consumer

herbivore

Heterotroph/2nd (secondary) level consumer

omnivore

Heterotroph/3rd (tertiary)level consumer

carnivore

Trophic Levels= Energy levels in a food chain or food web Each level receive ONLY 10%

of the previous trophic level’s energy

INEFFICIENT!!!

Time to think! How much energy

will the rabbit get from his meal?

How much energy will the lion get from his meal?

Why doesn’t the rabbit get 1000Kg of energy from the grass?

Food Chain

Autotroph/producer

Heterotroph/1st (primary) level consumerherbivore

Heterotroph/2nd (secondary) level consumer

omnivore

Heterotroph/3rd (tertiary) level consumer

carnivore

Trophic levels

100%

10%

1%

0.1%

Create a Food Web1) Select an organism you

want to learn more about Determine what type of environment it lives in

2) Determine the predators and prey items in that environment

3) Draw the food web (Use names or pictures.)

List the producers. List the primary consumers. List the secondary

consumers. Label each animal as

herbivore, carnivore or omnivore.

Computer Log In User name:

1st 5 letters Last Name (lowercase), 1st 3 letters 1st Name (lower case), 000

Example: malonbri000 Password:

Student ID #Lunch #

Warm Up Monday, February 18, 2013

1.What is the function of an enzyme?

2. What 3 letters do most enzymes end in?

ECOLOGY #3

Objectives1. Compare and contrast the

different types of symbiotic relationships.

2. Give real world examples of the 5 different types of symbiotic relationships.

3. Determine the carrying capacity from a graph.

Symbiotic Relationships

Symbiosis = any relationship btw 2 organisms that live closely together

5 types……

1) Predation= interaction where one

organism hunts & kills anotherPredator – hunterPrey – food

Example: lion hunting zebra

2) Mutualism= relationship where both

organisms benefit Example: bees & flowers

3) Commensalism= relationship where 1

organism benefits & other is neither harmed or benefited

Example: whales & barnacles

4) Parasitism= relationship where 1

organism benefits & other is harmed

Example: tick & dog mosquito & human

5) Competition= relationship where 1

organism competes with another for food, shelter, mate, etc.

Using the vocabulary: Give an example from one of our

ecosystems for each of the following terms.CompetitionParasitismMutualismCommensalismPredation

Use a different color for each!

Carrying Capacity

= amount of life an ecosystem can support w/ its resources

Balance between life (reproduction) & death

Birth rate vs death rate

Carrying Capacity

What is the carrying capacity in this graph?

Why is the purple line going up and down?

Carrying Capacity Word Problem

1) Add title to Table of Contents2) Turn to next blank page & add title3) Write definition of carrying capacity (1st

sentence on the front of the paper)4) Answer Questions on the back of the

paper in COMPLETE SENTENCESQuestion #1 – 2 sentencesQuestion #2 – 3 sentences

Warm Up Tuesday, February 19, 2013 Looking at the graph below,

adding an enzyme to the reaction lowers the what?

Objectives1. Interpret a graph to determine

the carrying capacity for a population.

2. Evaluate the resources available for a population to predict the future trends in a carrying capacity graph.

Carrying Capacity Lab & Food Web

Worksheet (Periods 3-7)

Monday’s Notes (Periods 1 & 2)

Warm Up Wednesday, February 20,

2013 What type of diagram is

represented by the following image?

ECOLOGY #4:IMPORTANT CYCLES ON

EARTH

Objectives1. List the major components of

the carbon cycle.2. Predict the real world effect of

an unbalanced carbon cycle.3. List the major components of

the nitrogen cycle.

The Water Cycle Moves

between the ocean, atmosphere (atm), & land

Carbon Cycle

Carbon (C) is the key ingredient for ALL living tissue

Carbon Release In the atmosphere (atm), C is

present as Carbon Dioxide gas (CO2) CO2 is released into atm by:

1. Volcanoes2. Respiration (when you exhale)3. Human activities: burning fossil

fuels & vegetation4. Decomposition of organic matter

Taken in Plants take in CO2 during

photosynthesis Use the CO2 to build carbohydrates

Carbohydrates are passed along in the food webs to animals & other consumers

Decomposition Animals die C is released & passed back into the

atm

Time to Think! Explain what is

happening in box #1. Burning fossil fuels

releases C into the atmosphere.

Explain what is happening in box #2. We breath out C.

Explain what is happening in box #3. Plants use CO2 for

photosynthesis.

#1 #2#3

The Nitrogen Cycle All

organisms require Nitrogen (N) to make amino acids

Make up proteins

The Nitrogen Cycle N2 gas makes up 78% of the atm Nitrogen Fixation = Bacteria

living in the soil fix it so we can use itConvert N2 gas into ammonium

NH4

N2 → 2NH4

Decomposers Consumers eat

the producers & reuse the N to make proteins

When organisms die, decomposers return nitrogen to the soil as ammonia

Denitrification

= bacteria converts the nitrates to N2 gas & returns to the atm NO3 N2

Avid Thinking Strategy

• Map News!

 

Topic: One of the cycles we discussed

today

How does thisAffect me? Name of

SourceDate

Science Fact

ConclusionCluesEvidence

New Vocabulary

Branch ofScience

(Biology)

Warm Up Thursday, February 21, 2013 Draw an energy hill diagram

on the following graph. Include a curve for w/ & w/o an enzyme.

ECOLOGY #5:SUCCESSION

Objectives1. Compare and contrast primary

and secondary succession.2. List real world examples of

succession.

Succession

= series of natural changes that take place in environment

2 Types of Succession

1. Primary Succession = takes place over land where there are NO LIVING organisms.

- Very slow process! - Example: Lava from a volcano destroys

everything in its path. ( no soil )

2 Types of Succession

2. Secondary Succession = changes which take place AFTER an existing community is severely disrupted. - occurs in an area that previously contained life on land that still contains soil. - Example: hurricane, forest fire, tornado

Species & Succession

Pioneer Species = 1st species to occupy an area undergoing primary succession Example= Lichen

Climax CommunityClimax community = stable, mature community that undergoes little or no change in species.

***It can last for hundreds of years***

Ecology Gems of Wisdom

Warm Up Friday, February 22, 2013

Define carrying capacity in your own words.

Ecology Unit Exam