Theme: Agronomy

Learners:

Sophomores in high school Plant and Soils Science class

Have taken Biology 1 and Introduction to Agriculture

No students with learning disabilities

Students are mainly Caucasian with a few African Americans and Hispanics

All students speak English as their primary language

Environment

Each student has a computer and headphones

Classroom: Computer lab

Mixed of males and females, total of 20 students

Objectives

Given the steps in seed germination, students will be able to rearrange them in the correct order with 100% accuracy.

Given a diagram of a seed, students will be able to label the parts of the seed with 100% accuracy.

Given a definition related to seeds or seed germination, students will be able to correctly select the appropriate term with 100% accuracy.

Standards

PSS- 5.9 Explain the functions and components of seeds and fruits

PSS- 2.4 Demonstrate sowing techniques and provide favorable conditions for seed germination

PSS- 1.3 Compare, contrast, and classify agricultural plants according to the hierarchical classification system, life cycles, plant use and as monocotyledons or dicotyledons

Seeds and GerminationElizabeth Brown

What is a seed?

Why do plants need seeds?

To make more plants!

Why do we need seeds?

Food!

Main Menu

Seed Dormancy

Apply Your Knowledge

Seed Germination

2 Types of Seeds

It’s Alive!!!

Seeds are not dead, just dormant!

Can seeds be dormant forever

What is the point of dormancy

Can seeds be dormant forever?

No! Some seeds, especially those from tropical plants, can

only remain dormant for a couple of days or weeks before they stop being viable

Others, like weed seeds, can last hundreds of years and still be viable

What is the point of dormancy?

What is the point of dormancy?

Dormancy maintains the seed during times when a plant could not successfully grow such as a time of severe cold or drought.

2 Types of Seeds

Click here to explore monocot

seeds

Click here to explore dicot seeds

Monocotyledons

Plants with one seed leaf

Grasses, corns, lilies, etc.

Grass Seedling

Corn Seedling

Calla Lily Seedling

Monocotyledons

Seed Coat Protects seed from

the environment

Monocotyledons

Embryonic Axis Plumule- first true

leaf Epicotyl- future stem Radicle- first true

root

Monocotyledons

Endosperm Food source for the

seed since it cannot yet do photosynthesis

Dicotyledons

Plants with two seed leaves

Beans, roses, melons, etc.

Rose Seedling

Soybean Seedling

Watermelon Seedling

Dicotyledons

Seed Coat Protects seed from

the environment

Dicotyledons

Embryonic Axis Plumule- first true

leaves Hypocotyl- will

become the stem Radicle- first root

Dicotyledons

Cotyledons Seed leaves used for

food storage since seeds cannot photosynthesize

Seed Germination

Germination- the process of a seed sprouting into a seedling

Before a seed can germinate, it needs…

Germination

Step 1: Uptake of water: imbibition Water initiates germination

1 32 4

Germination

Step 2: Utilization of stored resources from cotyledons or endosperm

1 32 4

Germination

Step 3: Expansion and growth of seedling underground Seed shell bursts and the radicle and

epicotyl peak out Radicle grows down Epicotyl grows up

1 32 4

HOW?

How does a seed know which way is up and which way is down?

Gravitropism! Gravitropism is a

response to gravity that the plants use to tell the directions. Even if you plant a seed upside down, it will grow in the right direction.

Germination

Step 4: Development of seedling Eventually, the epicotyl will reach the top

of the soil and the plumule(s) will open up. The seedling will start photosynthesis and grow into a full plant.

1 32 4

QUIZ TIME!

Quiz time!

That was a lot of information! Let’s review. Click on the following steps in the correct order of germination. What is step 1?

Utilization of stored resources

Development of seedling

Imbibition (uptake of water)

Expansion and growth of seedling underground

Try again! Development of seedling is not the correct answer.

Try again! Expansion and growth is not the correct answer.

Try again! Utilization of stored resources is not the correct answer.

Yay! You answered correctly! The first step in germination is imbibition.

Quiz time!

What is step 2?

Utilization of stored resources

Development of seedling

Imbibition (uptake of water)

Expansion and growth of seedling underground

Try again! Development of seedling is not the correct answer.

Try again! Expansion and growth is not the correct answer.

Try again! Imbibition is not the correct answer.

Yay! You answered correctly! The second step in germination is utilization of stored resources.

Quiz time!

What is step 3?

Utilization of stored resources

Development of seedling

Imbibition (uptake of water)

Expansion and growth of seedling underground

Try again! Utilization of stored resources is not the correct answer.

Try again! Development of seedling is not the correct answer.

Try again! Imbibition is not the correct answer.

Yay! You answered correctly! The third step in germination is expansion and growth.

Quiz time!

What is step 4?

Utilization of stored resources

Development of seedling

Imbibition (uptake of water)

Expansion and growth of seedling underground

Try again! Expansion and growth is not the correct answer.

Try again! Utilization of stored resources is not the correct answer.

Try again! Imbibition is not the correct answer.

Yay! You answered correctly! The fourth step in germination is development of seedling.

Dicot Seed

Which part of this dicot seed is the arrow pointing to?

Seed coat

Embryonic Axis

Endosperm

Cotyledon

Try again! The seed coat is on the outside of the seed.

Try again! The embryonic axis looks like a baby plant inside the seed.

Try again! Monocots have endosperm, not dicots.

Yay! You answered correctly! The arrow was pointing to a cotyledon.

Dicot Seed

Which part of this dicot seed is the arrow pointing to?

Seed coat

Embryonic Axis

Endosperm

Cotyledon

Try again! The seed coat is on the outside of the seed.

Try again! The cotyledon is the big space for food storage.

Try again! Monocots have endosperm, not dicots.

Yay! You answered correctly! The arrow was pointing to the embryonic axis.

Dicot Seed

Which part of this dicot seed is the arrow pointing to?

Seed coat

Embryonic Axis

Endosperm

Cotyledon

Try again! The cotyledon is the big space for food storage.

Try again! The embryonic axis looks like a baby plant inside the seed.

Try again! Monocots have endosperm, not dicots.

Yay! You answered correctly! The arrow was pointing to the seed coat.

Monocot Seed

Which part of this monocot seed is the arrow pointing to?

Seed coat

Embryonic Axis

Endosperm

Cotyledon

Try again! Dicots have cotyledons, not monocots.

Try again! The embryonic axis looks like a baby plant inside the seed.

Try again! Endosperm is the big space in the seed for food storage.

Yay! You answered correctly! The arrow was pointing to the seed coat.

Monocot Seed

Which part of this monocot seed is the arrow pointing to?

Seed coat

Embryonic Axis

Endosperm

Cotyledon

Try again! Dicots have cotyledons, not monocots.

Try again! The embryonic axis looks like a baby plant inside the seed.

Try again! The seed coat is on the outside of the seed.

Yay! You answered correctly! The arrow was pointing to the endosperm.

Monocot Seed

Which part of this monocot seed is the arrow pointing to?

Seed coat

Embryonic Axis

Endosperm

Cotyledon

Try again! Dicots have cotyledons, not monocots.

Try again! The seed coat is on the outside of the seed.

Try again! Endosperm is the big space in the seed for food storage.

Yay! You answered correctly! The arrow was pointing to the embryonic axis.

Application

Why is it important to learn about seeds? How will a knowledge of how seeds grow be useful in your future? Your response should be a minimum of 10 sentences long. When you are done, print this and the next slide with 2 slides on the same page.

Congratulations! You have completed this lesson!

Print this certificate with your short essay and turn it in to receive a grade for this assignment.