the technology of warfare changes leather saddle and stirrups enable knights to handle heavy...
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13.3 The Age of Chivalry
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Knights: Warriors on Horseback The Technology of
Warfare Changes Leather saddle and
stirrups enable knights to handle heavy weapons
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Armour
Chainmail
Plate Armour
Gambeson, a padded jacket worn alone or in combination with chainmail
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Knights: Warriors on Horseback The Warrior’s Role
in Feudal Society By 1000s, western
Europe is a battleground of warring nobles
Feudal lords raise private armies of knights
Knights rewarded with land; provides income for needed weapons
Tried to capture enemy & hold knights ransom
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So, You Want to be a Knight? One had to be “well-born” (Son of a
Noble)
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So, You Want to be a Knight? A Knight’s Training
Age 7: Page – personal servant of the Lord
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So, You Want to be a Knight? A Knight’s Training
Age 7: Page – personal servant of the Lord Age 15: Squire – assistant to a Knight -- learn to handle: sword, lance, axe, bow &
arrow
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So, You Want to be a Knight? A Knight’s Training
Age 7: Page – personal servant of the Lord Age 15: Squire – assistant to a Knight -- learn to handle: sword, lance, axe, bow &
arrow After you “prove yourself in battle” (around
age 21) you could become a knight
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“The Accolade”(right, 1901) and “Godspeed” (1900, below) by Edmund Blair Leighton
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Knighthood Ceremony
Lord (or King) touches your shoulder 3 times with sword
and says, “I dub thee knight.”
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Knighthood Ceremony still done today!
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Knights: Tournaments
A Knight’s Training Knights gain experience, show off, and make
money in tournaments -- competitions and mock battles
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Knights: Tournament Events Melee:
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Knights: Tournament Events Melee:
Two groups of knights assembled in an open field
Both parties rode toward each other and fought anyone who came into range.
The aim of the melee was to capture an opposing knight and hold him for a ransom. A typical ransom included the cost of a suit of armor or a horse.
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Knights: Tournament Events Quintain:
objective was to direct strokes at specified areas on a hanging post or shield.
practice their aim with a lance, sword or battle axe.
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Knights: Tournament Events Jousting:
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Knights: Tournament Events Jousting:
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Knights: Tournament Events Jousting:
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Knights: Tournament Events Jousting:
“unhorse” opponent with a lance
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Knights: Coat of Arms
Discuss Coats of Arms soon
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Knighthood and theCode of Chivalry
The Code of Chivalry By 1100s knights
obey a code of chivalry—a set of ideals on how to act
They are to protect weak and poor; serve feudal lord, God, chosen lady
"Stitching the Standard" by Edmund Blair Leighton: the lady prepares for a knight to go to war
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Siege Weapons
Brutal Reality of Warfare Castles are huge fortresses where lords/
Kings live
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Windsor Castle
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Caerlaverock Castle in Scotland is surrounded by a moat.
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Leeds Castle, England
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Siege Weapons
Brutal Reality of Warfare Attacking armies use wide range of
strategies and weapons
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Siege Warfare
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Counterweight trebuchet at Château des Baux, France
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Medieval mangonel, a type of catapult
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Replica battering ram at Château des Baux, France
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Medieval moveable siege tower
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The Literature of Chivalry
Epic Poetry Epic poems recount a hero’s deeds and
adventures The Song of Roland is about
Charlemagne’s knights fighting Muslims
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The Literature of Chivalry Love Poems and
Songs Knights’ duties to
ladies are as important as those to their lords
Troubadours—traveling poet-musicians—write and sing short verses
Above and right: troubadours portrayed in illumined texts.
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Women’s Role in Feudal Society Status of Women
According to the Church and feudal society, women were inferior to men
Noblewomen Can inherit land, defend castle, send knights to war
on lord’s request Usually confined to activities of the home or
convent Peasants Women
Most labor in home and field, bear children, provide for family
Poor, powerless, do household tasks at young age
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Convents provided women in the middle ages an alternative to married life. Childbirth was often deadly for women, so becoming a nun was a respectable and perhaps attractive alternative.