公开讲演与交流公开讲演与交流Public Speaking & Communication

Public Speaking• Public speaking is one of the hardest things in the world.

• Thankfully, we can make it professional and painless.

• Exceptional communication skills are beneficial to any career.– Strong presentation skills will get you the job you want.

– Strong presentation skills will help you get noticed.

– Being a great communicator will make you an outstanding leader.

• Many others may have great ideas, but they lack the skills that are necessary to communicate those ideas.

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• Give an academic seminar to colleagues.– To promote your work and findings (Research Intensive).

• Bring your ideas to potential investors.– To land a deal (Enthusiastic)

• Introduce yourself in front of future employers.– To earn a job (Comprehensive, Targeted)

• Need to analyze your audience and the occasion.– Do not talk over the head of your audience.

• How you sound makes as much difference as what you say.

You Speak To …

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Fear of Public Speaking• Few people are naturally great public speakers.– Even confident people may feel anxiety when facing a big crowd.

• Symptoms– Shaking voice and sweating palms

– Make you thoughts unclear.

– Cause you to forget all important points.

• Possible Reasons– People fear making mistakes and looking foolish.

– You are not adequately prepared.

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How to tackle the fear?• You are just an ordinary person!

– Be yourself and don’t pretend to be someone superior.

• Be well prepared in advance.– Friends, Video Recorder

– Build up your confidence.

• Imaginary Rehearsal– Create a virtual reality in your mind.

– Put yourself in the scenario and go through every details.

• Other Tips– Deep Breath, Music, Change of Focus

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Public Speaking Tips• It is not just about speaking in front of a group of people.– Inspire the audience to act or make a difference in their lives.

• Start your speech with a story or two.

• Keep the right speed (unintelligible vs. losing patience).

• Maintain eye contact with your audience.

• Pay attention to your voice and avoid shouting.

• Be prepared for questions that your listeners may ask.

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Select a Topic• Choose a relevant topic.

– Consider your audience.

– Be timely.

– Go with what you know.

• What is the angle?– Inform, Convince, Instruct, Inspire

• Make an impact.– Start with something interesting.

– End with a summary.

– Inject some passion (People won’t care if you don’t care).

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Speech Outline• Create a thesis statement that your speech is all about.

• Topic: Global Warming

• Angle: Try to convince people that we need to look for alternative means for producing energy.

• Question: Why do we need to replace fossil fuels with renewable and clean energy sources?

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Opening Remarks & Polite Greetings

Motivation

Specific Purpose & Objective

Lively Everyday Examples

Latest News & Attractive Story

Inspiring & Eloquent

Arguments

Compelling Famous Examples

Appeal Encouragement

Stimulation

Connection with Your Audience

Possible Thoughts of Audience

Touching Personal Experience

Body Language• Posture– Slouching and slumping make you seem weak.

– Standing tall shows that you know what you are talking about.

– Stay balanced and relaxed.

• Eye Contact– Helps your audience focus on nothing else but you.

– With: sincerity, confidence and openness

– Without: fear, guilty and dishonest

• Hand Gesture– You are not conducting an orchestra!

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Effective Voice• Voice Projection

– Shouting is aggressive and damages your vocal cords.

– You will run out of steam quickly.

– Speak with your throat, lung and diaphragm.

• Inflection and Tone– Make your audience know that they are listening to a human.

– Nothing kills a speech like monotone (a slow, robotic way).

– Low voice to start and energetic tone to address.

– Use pauses wisely, before important thoughts.

– Avoid repetitive words (I mean, You know, That is to say).

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Presentation Tools• Don’t make your slides too busy.

– Up to six bullet points per slide or a picture with one line of text

– Prepare a couple of “hidden” slides (e.g., formula derivations).

• Don’t use your slides as cue cards.– Slides are for supplementary purpose.

– Your audience should listen to you, instead of reading your slides.

• For formal situations, be serious.– Limit the use of animations, transition effects and sounds.

• Make sure that all the technical aspects are in order.

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Business Presentation• Attire

– If you don’t know the dress code, be as formal as possible.

• Hard Copies– Give the audience something to refer back to.

• Humor– Maintain the necessary attention of the audience.– Don’t overdo it!

• Intermissions and Recap– The average attention span of an adult is half an hour.

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Conference Networking• Engage in Conversion.

– Don’t hide yourself in the corner.

• Ask Questions.– Show your interest and listen to the answers intently.

• Business Cards– Show your professionalism.

• Follow Up– Tighten up and maintain newly built relationships.

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Communication• People are different and interpret things differently.– People are unique and have different thoughts and feelings.

– Convey your messages correctly.

– Develop essential listening skills to understand others.

• Communication skills are fundamental to success.– To progress through the first career ladder is hard.

– Need to show that you are competent enough to advance.

• Communication skills are necessary for healthy relationships.

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Interpersonal Skills• Respect

– Should be your natural character trait.

• Listening– All stories have two sides!

• Conflict Avoidance– Best form of conflict resolution (Avoidance Behavior)

– Misunderstanding, Misinterpretation, False Information

• Stand in Others’ Shoes– Don’t treat others the way that you don’t want to be treated.

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Interview Attire• The first impression you make on an interviewer is the most important

one.

• The first judgement an interviewer makes is going to be based on how you look and what you are wearing.

• Don’t wear Jeans and T-shirts even for casual working environments.

• Wear tailored pants with button down shirts for informal interviews.

• Keep tidy and clean.

• Prepare for a good handshake.

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Dress Code for Men

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Dress Code for Women• Skirt Length

• Shirt

• Cosmetics

• Jewelry

• Shoes

• Hosiery

• Bag

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Television shows are

trying to attract

viewers, and do not

represent the reality of

professional

environments

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Interview Body Language

• Sit upright but not stiffly (comfortable & confident).

• Lean slightly forward towards your interviewer (interested & involved).

• Tilt your head very slightly (friendly & open)

• Rest your hands, clasped in your lap or on the table.

• Cross your legs at the ankles or place both feet flat on the floor.

• Don’t overuse eye contact.

– Can come across as lecturing or challenging the interviewer.

– Avoid staring aggressively by blinking at regular intervals.

– Hold eye contact for about 10 seconds before looking away briefly.

– Move you head every now and then, such as by giving a nod.

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Questions in Interviews• What are your long-range objectives and goals?

• How do you plan to achieve your career goals?

• How do you think a friend who knows you well would describe you?

• Describe a situation where you had to work with a difficult person.

• How do you work under pressure?

• Describe a situation where you worked as part of a team.

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Questions in Interviews• It is a positive sign if you ask questions in an interview.

• What happened to the person who previously did this job?

• What is the first problem that I must attend to?

• Why did you choose to work here? 

• What keeps you here?

• What can you tell me about the person to whom I would report?

• What are the company's five-year sales and profit projections?

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Tell Me About Yourself• One of the most daunting questions asked in interviews.

• Many people simply get stuck or lose sight of the goal.

• Tell me the things about you that will show me that you are the most eligible candidate for this position.

• It should be answered in such a way that you stand out amongst all other candidates.

• Provide additional job related information from yourself.

• The key is to focus on the job position.

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Tell Me About Yourself• Highlight your skills and education that have prepared you in

such a way that you are the ideal candidate for the job.

• Highlight any hobbies or interests that are relevant to the job and demonstrate that you have a passion for the position.

• Mention any past experiences, in both personal and professional capacity, that in some way prepared you for the position.

• Mention any interactions that you have had with the company that shows a positive relation between you and the company.

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Action speaks louder than words.

Yes, it is true but …

You need to get noticed first!