Property- a characteristic that helps identify an object

*Some common properties are: color, shape, size, feel, taste, smell, mass, volume

Weight- the measure of how hard gravity pulls on an object

Balance- an instrument used to measure mass

Standard Mass- a small object that is used with a balance to determine mass

*Mass is how much matter is in an object

*Weight can change; mass can’t

*Mass and weight are often used to mean the same thing on Earth

*To measure a solid mass use a balance

*To measure a liquid mass mass of liquid = mass of liquid

plus beaker – mass of beaker

Graduated Cylinder- a round glass or plastic cylinder used to measure the volume of liquids 

Meniscus- the curved surface of a liquid 

*Read the scale on the bottom of the curve to find the volume of a liquid

*Reading a scale: find 2 consecutive numbers, subtract the bottom number from the top number, count how many lines are between them, divide the number by the lines

ex: there are 10 numbers between 10 and 20; if there are 5 lines between them; then take 10/5=2; so each line is worth 2 mL

Displacement of water- method of measuring volume of irregularly-shaped objects 

*volume of rectangular prism = length x width x height

  *volume of irregularly shaped

objects = volume of object = volume of

water plus object – volume of water

Density- a measure of how tightly the matter of a substance is packet into a given volume

*density = mass/volume = 30 g/ 15 cm³ = 2 g/cm³ said 2 grams per

cubic centimeter 1 cubic centimeter of this

substance has a mass of 2 grams

*density of a substance does not change; the density of lead is 11.3 g/cm³; even if we double or half the amount, a substance’s density does not change

*if you know a substances mass and volume, you can calculate its density and use a chart to figure out what substance it is

*matter with a density greater than water (1 g/cm³) will sink

*matter with a density less than water will float