objective: learn how britain defeated france and her native allies. understand how the conflict led...
TRANSCRIPT
Objective:Learn how Britain defeated France and her native allies.
Understand how the conflict led to growing tension between Britain and her colonies.
European Claims in North AmericaThe dramatic results of the British victory in the Seven Years (French and Indian) War are vividly demonstrated in these maps, which depict the abandonment of French claims to the mainland after the Treaty of Paris in 1763.
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.
SPAIN FRENCH(Dutch) ENGLAND
•Govt. supports colony
•Gold & God
•Plantations
•Conquer
(Conquistadors/
Mestizos)
•Nominal Govt. support
•Trade
•Outposts/Forts
•Native Alliances
•Collaborative
•Private Corporations
•Settlements
•Colonies
•Punitive Conflict
•No mixing/
separation.destruction
French colonies differed from the English How???
By 1760, New France had grown to 80,000
English colonies had over 1 million! Used the land for economic means
Developed a good relationship with the Natives
Fr. Marquette, SJ – 1st European to explore great lakes and Mississippi
1749, Virginia speculators in Ohio Company claim 500,000 acres in Ohio Valley
1754, George Washington, surveyor, leads 150 Virginia Militiamen to resists French movement on Ohio, esp. For Duquesne
Washington loses Fort Necessity
France and Spain frequently ally against Britain
France allies with Native Americans, guerrilla style conflict in New World
French and Indian War, 1754-1763
Note: Acadians
http://www2.uiuc.edu/unit/armyrotc/program/mils123/necessity/fort.bmp
The Seven Years War in AmericaAfter experiencing major defeats early in the war, Anglo-American forces turned the tide against the French by taking Fort Duquesne in late 1757 and Louisbourg in 1758. After Canada fell in 1760, the fighting shifted to Spain's Caribbean colonies .
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.
1755 Gen. Braddock, 2,000 men march on Fort Duquesne
Mix of colonial militia and Regulars
Braddock’s slow moving forces decimated by French and Indian forces, flanking
Frontier goes up in flames, Indian raiding parties move uncontested
Britian’s invasion of Canada, 1756, fails
Ambush
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1757, Pitt becomes leader in Parliament 1758, Pitt organizes attacks on Montreal
& Quebec, Louisbourg 1758 Fort Duquesne falls, renamed
Pittsburgh Pitt puts James Wolfe in charge of taking
Quebec Montcalm defends Quebec for France 1759 Quebec falls, Wolfe and Montcalm
killed Battle for Quebec is one of most
significant engagements in British and American history
Montreal falls 1760
http://worldroots.com/brigitte/royal/pitt3.jpg
The Seven Years War in AmericaAfter experiencing major defeats early in the war, Anglo-American forces turned the tide against the French by taking Fort Duquesne in late 1757 and Louisbourg in 1758. After Canada fell in 1760, the fighting shifted to Spain's Caribbean colonies .
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.
http://www.uppercanadahistory.ca/wm/wm8.html
http://www.britishbattles.com/battle-of-quebec.htm
France thrown off continent entirely
Spain given possession of New Orleans and trans-Mississippi Louisiana
Spain loses Florida, regains Cuba
Great Britain dominant in North America and at sea
Friction growing b/w Britain and Colonials
Growing smuggling
Colonies fail to unite
Pontiac’s Rebellion – Increasing tension with N. Americans
Cost of War leads to increasing friction with Britain
http://ww
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agnleitner/usa1/slide/early_settlements_1750.jpg
European Settlements
and Indian tribes
1750
Line of Demarcation 1763 inhibits movement west!!!
This angers Colonials greatly.
10,000 British troops stationed in colony
Quartering of troops angers colonists
British troops = $$$$
George Grenville becomes Prime Minister in 1763
Writs of Assistance
1764 Sugar Act
Seeds of Rebellion
WHO: Passed by George Grenville, British Prime Minister
WHAT: Halved duties on molasses (to discourage
smuggling) Created new duties on imports (to raise more
$) Smuggling cases now to be heard in British
Admiralty Courts, not colonial courts with colonial juries
WHEN: 1764
WHERE: British Colonies
WHY: Britain needed money to pay her huge debt from the French and Indian War and on-going cost of protecting the Frontier.
CONFLICT IN THEOHIO
VALLEY
PEACE?1763
Wash. defeated
FL now British
Braddock defeated
Ft. Duquesne fallsQuebec falls
CONFLICT IN THEOHIO
VALLEY
PEACE?1763France leaves Am.
Montreal falls
Pitt takes charge
George Washington French and Indian War William Pitt Pontiac Proclamation of 1763 George Grenville Sugar Act