Not caused by pathogens Cannot be transmitted to other people Risk factors:

◦ Genetics◦ Life-style◦ Environmental factors

Determined by genes Congenital disease is present at birth

◦ Others don’t show up until later in life Familial Disease Tendency

◦ Disease runs in family

Recessive gene disorders◦ Need recessive gene from

both parents◦ Can be a carrier◦ Cystic fibrosis & sickle cell

anemia Down syndrome

◦ Born with extra chromosome

Sex-linked disorders◦ Linked to x chromosome

(female)◦ Can be recessive in females◦ Color blindness, hemophilia, &

muscular dystrophy

Pollution Smoke Sunlight Radiation Altitude Water

Diet Obesity Exercise Alcohol Tobacco Stress Sleep

1. Heart disease: 631,636 2. Cancer: 559,888 3. Stroke : 137,119

◦ (CDC, 2006)

Disease of Cardiovascular system CV system is…

◦ Heart ◦ Blood Vessels

Arteries Vein Capillaries

◦ Blood

Hypertension Arteriosclerosis Atherosclerosis Heart Attack Stroke Arrhythmias Heart Valve Disorder Varicose Veins

High Blood Pressure Normal=120/80 Over 120/80= At risk High=150/90 Thickening of blood vessel walls Narrows passageways for blood

Hardening of the arteries

Narrows blood vessels & blocks blood flow

Atherosclerosis◦ Fat deposits in blood

vessels

Caused by lack of oxygen delivery to cells Coronary heart disease

◦ Blockage of coronary arteries◦ Caused by fat deposits and/or blood clots◦ Causes heart attack

Cardiac Arrest◦ Entire heart stops

Disrupts blood flow to brain No oxygen to brain Brain cells die Caused by fatty deposits, blood clots, or

burst arteries Aneurysm

◦ Weak spot in blood vessel that can burst

Effects◦ Speech◦ Senses◦ Movement◦ Memory◦ Behavior◦ Depending on side of

the brain

4 valves in heart 2 between atria & ventricle 2 between heart & arteries Bypass Surgery

Arrhythmias Abnormal

heart beat Pacemaker Defibrillator

Varicose VeinsVaricose Veins•Large blue Large blue veinsveins•One-way One-way valves don’t valves don’t workwork

Electrocardiogram (ECG/ EKG)◦ Graphs electrical impulses and heart beats

Stress Test◦ ECG during exercise

Chest X-Ray◦ Picture of heart

Don’t smoke Exercise regularly Manage stress Manage diet

◦ Avoid saturated fat & cholesterol◦ Replace red meat with chicken and fish◦ Eat more fruits & veggies◦ Avoid sweets, oils, & fats

Define the 5 different types of cancer? What is the difference between benign &

malignant tumors? What is metastasis? How does it occur? What causes cancer? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j_wRpa2

b5XI

Types◦ Skin◦ Lung◦ Mouth◦ Throat◦ Leukemia◦ Breast◦ Colon◦ Cervix◦ Prostate◦ Testicular

Types Risk Factors◦ Skin L, E, G◦ Lung L, E, ◦ Mouth L, E◦ Throat L, E◦ Leukemia L, E, G◦ Breast L, E,

G◦ Colon E, G◦ Cervix L◦ Prostate L, G◦ Testicular L, G

Unexplained weight loss Fever Fatigue Pain Skin changes Thickening/ lumps Unusual bowel movements Unusual bleeding

Early detection!!!!!!!! Screening

◦ Self-test◦ Pap-test

Cervical examination◦ Colonoscopy

Looks inside colon◦ Biopsy

Removal of cell/ tissue for examination

Chemotherapy◦ Drugs that kill cancer cell◦ Often taken in combination◦ Pill or injection form

Radiation Therapy◦ Radiation can stop growth/

division of cancer cells Surgery

◦ Removal of tumor or cancer cells

Avoid tobacco. Avoid alcohol. Protect against the sun. Avoid chemicals/ carcinogens. Increase fiber intake. Reduce fiber intake. Eat balanced diet. Self-test. Get regular physical activity. Surgery

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wnK1Kv3XkZI

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f7F52IyeINk

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e3QuUMt9cao

Define HDL, LDL, Cholesterol. How are they different? How are they similar?

Describe angiogenesis. What does it do? Why does this help increase heart health?

Describe the symptoms of heart disease.