name one way another country influences our culture
TRANSCRIPT
Foldable Instructions
Name one way another country influences our culture.
Do Now
Chapter 12Transformations Around
the Globe
Explain China’s resistance to foreigners Describe rebellions that took place in China List reform effects in China Trace the rise of Chinese Nationalism
Objectives
Western economic pressure forces China open to foreign trade and influence.
China Resist Outside Influence
Rejecting Western Goods◦ In 1793, China rejects gifts brought by British
ambassador◦ China is strong politically because it is largely self-
sufficient Agriculture, mining, manufacturing sectors highly productive
The Tea-Opium Connection◦ Guangzhou, southern port, is only one open to foreign
trade◦ China has upper-hand… earns more from exports than
imports◦ British Smuggle in Opium (late 1700s); many Chinese
become addicted
China and the West – p. 1 in foldable
In 1839, Opium War erupts – fight caused by British bringing in opium
Read letter from Lin Zexu Queen Victoria p. 372 China loses because Britain has a modern navy Treaty of Nanjing (1842) gives British control of
Hong Kong 1844, other nations win “extraterritorial rights” Some of the rights included foreigners being
exempt from Chinese laws in trading ports
Opium War p. 1
Why did the British have to bring an addictive drug to sell as their product to the Chinese?
Answer in 3 sentences or more Be prepared to share your answer with the
class (if you’re talking I will call on you)
In your notes…
Population problems◦ China’s population booms from 1790-1850◦ Crop yields do not grow as fast, producing widespread
hunger… anger Taiping Rebellion
◦ Late 1830’s Hong Xiuquan recruits followers to build “new China”
◦ Taiping Rebellion – name given to Hong’s movement – means “great peace”
◦ 1850s Hong’s army grows large, captures large areas in southeast China
◦ 1864, rebellion defeated by internal fighting/outside attack
Growing Internal Problems p.1
Where did we see famine (a severe food shortage) occur in the last chapter?
Why did it occur?
Answer in 3 sentences or more Be prepared to share your answer with the
class (if you’re talking I will call on you)
In your notes…
Trace map on bottom of p. 3
Resistance to change◦ Dowager Empress Cixi
rules China most years from 1862-1908
◦ Supports reforms aimed at education, government, and military
◦ Otherwise is very traditional
Foreign Influence Grows p.1
China suffers attacks from other nations; forced to grant more trading rights
Europeans and Japan gain “Spheres of Influence” – areas of economic control
U.S. declares “Open Door Policy” in 1899◦ U.S. fearful if China was colonized they would lose
trade rights◦ Chinese open trade to all nations
Other Nations Step In p.2
Open Door Policy Video
What were the main reasons for the U.S. instituting the “Open Door Policy?”◦ Where they being nice?◦ Did they have other motives?◦ What where those motives?
Answer in 3 sentences or more Be prepared to share your answer with the
class (if you’re talking I will call on you)
In your notes…
On the map you traced on p.3 go back and shade in new areas of control for the British, French, Germans, U.S. and Japanese
In your foldable
Growing Dissension◦ Many Chinese resent growing power of
“outsiders”◦ 1898, Emperor Guangxu enacts reforms◦ Empress Cixi is restored to power… ends them
The Boxer Rebellion◦ Anti-government, anti-European peasants form a
secret organization◦ 1900, launch the boxer rebellion – want reforms◦ Rebels sieze Beijing, foreign army defeats them
Chinese Nationalism p. 2
Boxer Rebellion Video
Cixi and other conservatives recognize necessity of reform
In 1905, she sends officials abroad to study other governments
1906, Cixi begins making reforms but moves slowly
Unrest will continue for four more decades
Reform in China p. 2
Why were the “boxers” called boxers? How was the rebellion defeated?
Answer in 3 sentences or more Be prepared to share your answer with the
class (if you’re talking I will call on you)
In you notes
On the top of page 3 of your foldable copy the following chart
You will have 10 minutes to try to fill it in…
Foldable
Cause Effect Result
British bring opium to China
p. 371-372 p. 371-372
Hong Xiuquan starts Taiping Rebellion
p. 373 p. 373
United States declares “Open Door Policy”
p. 373-374 p. 373-374
Workers launch Boxer Rebellion
p. 374-375 p. 374-375
ReviewCause Effect Result
British bring opium to China
Chinese become addicted; resentful towards west (letter from Lin Zexu)
Opium War – China forced to open ports
Hong Xiuquan starts Taiping Rebellion
Rebels take control of the South
Millions die in rebellion
United States declares “Open Door Policy”
China becomes safe from colonization – not spheres of influence
China is still dominated by foreign powers
Workers launch Boxer Rebellion
Chinese Nationalism increases
Major reforms finally enacted
Japan follows the model of Western powers by industrializing and expanding its foreign influence
12.2 Modernization in Japan p. 4
The Demand for Foreign Trade◦ Treaty of Kanagawa (1854) –
Japan opens two ports to American ships
◦ By 1860, Japan has trade agreements with many nations
Meiji Reform and Modernization◦ Anger over trade deals forces
shogun to step down in 1867◦ Meiji Era – Time of reform begun
by Meiji emperor, Mutsuhito
Japan Ends Its Isolation p. 4
By early 1900s, Japan has industrialized, is competitive with west
Industrialization = need for empire◦ Need factors of
production
Industrialization in Japan p. 4
In your notes on p. 6 Copy the chart that explains how China and
Japan both Confronted the West (p. 377)
Comparing p.6
China Both Japan
Remains committed to traditional values
Loses numerous territorial conflicts
Grants other nations “spheres of influence”
Finally accepts reform movements
Have well established traditional values
Initially resist change
Oppose Western Imperialism
Considers modernization necessary
Borrows and adapts Western ways
Strengthens its economic and military power
Builds and empire
Comparing
Military◦ By 1890, Japan has strong navy and large army◦ 1894, Japan gets Western nations to give up special
trading rights
Japan Attacks China◦ Japan forces Korea to open three ports to Japanese trade
in 1876◦ 1885, Japan and China agree not to send troops into
Korea◦ 1894, China sends troops to Korea to put down a
rebellion◦ Japan drives Chinese out of Korea, gains Chinese territory
Imperial Japan p. 4/5
Russo-Japanese War◦ 1903, Japan and Russia begin struggle over
Manchuria◦ Japan attacks Russia in 1904 – begins Russo-
Japanese War◦ In 1905, treaty ends the war; Japan gains
captured territories◦ Treaty brokered by US President Teddy Roosevelt◦ Wins Noble Peace Prize for negotiating agreement
Imperial Japan p.4/5
Satire - the use of irony, sarcasm, ridicule, or the like, in exposing, denouncing, or deriding vice, folly,
Caricature - a portrait that exaggerates or distorts the essence of a person
Bias - a tendency or preference towards a particular perspective
What is a political cartoon?
1.) What is the event or issue that inspired the cartoon?2.) Are there any real people in the cartoon? Who is portrayed in the cartoon?3.) Are there symbols in the cartoon? What are they and what do they represent?4.) What is the cartoonist's opinion about the topic portrayed in the cartoon?
In your notes… p.4/5
In three sentences answer the following questions…
What factors led the Japanese to become and imperial power?
What territory was the Russo-Japanese War fought over?
Who won the Russo-Japanese War?
DO NOW
1.) What is the event or issue that inspired the cartoon?2.) Are there any real people in the cartoon? Who is portrayed in the cartoon?3.) Are there symbols in the cartoon? What are they and what do they represent?4.) What is the cartoonist's opinion about the topic portrayed in the cartoon?
finish in your notes
Japan makes Korea a protectorate in 1905 1910, Japan completes annexation of Korea Japan rules Korea harshly… leads growth in
Korean nationalism
Japanese Occupation of Korea p.5
Define the following terms in your own words (you may use the book, your notes, or a dictionary)
Treaty of Kanagawa Meiji Era Russo-Japanese War annexation
Vocab Activity p.5
The United States places increasing economic and political pressure on Latin America during the 19th century.
12.3 U.S. Economic Imperialism p.7
Colonial Legacy◦ Political gains mean little to desperately poor Latin
Americans◦ Peonage system keeps peasants in debt; landowners
grow wealthy Political Instability
◦ Cuadillos – Military Dictators – gain and hold power◦ Mid 1800’s, cuadillos rule most LA countries◦ Reformers sometimes gain office – eventually forced
out◦ Wealthy landowners support cuadillos; poor people
have few rights
Latin America After Independence p.7
Old Products and New Markets◦ Economies depend on exporting one or two products◦ Trains and refrigeration increase demand for LA
foods◦ LA import manufactured goods; industrialization lags
Outside Investment and Interference◦ Few schools, roads, hospitals built◦ Government forced to borrow money from other
countries◦ Loans not repaid; properties repossessed; foreign
control grows
Economies Grow Under Foreign Influence p.7
The Monroe Doctrine◦ Newly independent
countries of the Americas are insecure
◦ 1823, U.S. issues Monroe Doctrine Europe cannot
colonize Americas
A Latin American Empire p.7
Cuba Declares Independence◦ 1895, Jose Marti – Cuban writer – launches war for
Cuban Independence◦ U.S. fights to help Cuba in 1898 = Spanish
American War◦ 1901, Cuba nominally independent, U.S. has
significant control◦ After war Spain gives U.S. Puerto Rico, Guam, and
the Philippines
A Latin American Empire p.7
Connecting the Oceans◦ U.S. wants fast way from Atlantic to Pacific◦ President Roosevelt wants a canal◦ Columbia rejects Roosevelt's $10 million canal
offer◦ 1903 Panama gains independence with U.S. help◦ Panama gives land to U.S. to build canal◦ U.S. builds canal
Panama Canal p.7
Copy the Map on p.386 p.9
Video
Cause and Effect
Action Effect
1. U.S. wants fast way from Atlantic to Pacific
2. President Roosevelt wants a canal
3. Columbia rejects Roosevelt's $10 million canal offer
4. 1903 Panama gains independence with U.S. help
5. Panama gives land to U.S. to build canal
6. U.S. builds canal
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
U.S. increases influence in LA U.S. investment in Cuba/other countries 1904, Roosevelt updates Monroe Doctrine Roosevelt Corollary: U.S. can be police
power in the Americas – speak softly but carry a big stick
U.S. uses Corollary to justify repeated interventions
The Roosevelt Corollary
Draw your own political cartoon on page 9 about how the U.S. increased it’s economic power in Latin America.
Draw your own political cartoon
What was the Monroe Doctrine?
DO NOW
Political, economic, and social inequalities in Mexico trigger a period of revolution and reform.
12.4 Turmoil and Change in Mexico
Early 1800’s, Antonio Lopez de Santa Ana dominates Mexican politics
Serves as president four times between 1833 and 1855
The Texas Revolt◦ 1820’s, Mexican officials encourage Americans to
settle in Texas◦ Thousands of English-speaking “Anglos” settle in
Texas◦ Want self-government = problems with Mexico◦ 1835, Texans revolt and win independence; Santa
Ana loses power
Santa Anna and the Mexican War
1845, U.S. annexes Texas; Mexico is outraged
1846, U.S. and Mexico go to war Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo (1848) –
northern third of Mexico to U.S. Santa Anna, who lost war, loses more power
Santa Ana and the Mexican War
A New Leader◦ Benito Juarez – liberal
reformer who wanted to change Mexico
Juarez Rises to Power◦ Works as lawyer
helping poor people; good reputation
Juarez and La Reforma
In your notes, answer the following question in 3 sentences…
How might the Mexican economy be different if it hadn’t lost all of the territory in the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo?
What if…
Juarez Works for Reform◦ Juarez’s La Reforma – movement to redistribute
land and reform education◦ Exiled in 1853, but return◦ Conservative, wealthy Mexicans oppose reforms,
launch rebellion◦ 1861, reformers win civil war and Juarez elected
President
Juarez and La Reforma
The French Invade Mexico◦ Conservatives plot with Europeans to defeat
Juarez and reform◦ 1862, French send army to Mexico and take
control of country◦ Install Austrian Archduke Maximilian as emperor ◦ Fighting goes on for 5 years – 1867, Maximilian is
defeated◦ Juarez, president again, puts reforms in place◦ He dies in 1872, but country is a peaceful and
making progress
Juarez and La Reforma
Who was Maximilian?
DO NOW
Rise of Cuadillo◦ Porfirio Diaz – cuadillio
who takes power in 1876◦ Diaz ends reforms and
builds own power; eliminates opponents
◦ Trades lands for political favors/support; elections meaningless
◦ His tactics bring order to Mexico, freedoms reduces
◦ Some economic progress, but rich gain wealth/poor suffer
Porfirio Diaz and “Order and Progress”
Madero Begins the Revolution◦ Unrest over harsh rule of Diaz grows throughout
Mexican society◦ Reformer Francisco Madero calls for armed revolt◦ “Pancho” Villa – popular revolutionary leader from
the north of Mexico◦ Emiliano Zapata – revolutionary leader from
southern Mexico◦ Villa, Zapata score important victories over Diaz’s
army◦ Diaz forced to step down, calls for new elections
in 1911
Revolution and Civil War
Mexican Leaders Struggle for Power◦ 1911, Madero elected president; unrest continues◦ 1913, Madero resigns; General Victoriano Huerta
becomes president◦ After 15 months of fighting, rebels win; Carranza
becomes president◦ Civil War ends in 1919 with Zapata’s death
The New Mexican Constitution◦ Mexico’s new constitution: land reform, education,
workers rights◦ Alvaro Obregon ousts Carranza in 1920, continues
reforms
Revolution and Civil War
Place the following Mexican Leaders on a timeline. Include the year they took power and what major ideas they had.◦ Antonio Lopez de Santa Ana◦ Benito Juarez◦ Austrian Archduke Maximilian◦ Porfirio Diaz◦ Emiliano Zapata◦ General Victoriano Huerta◦ Alvaro Obregon
Timeline…
Your test…
Draw your own political cartoon depicting one of the following events (you must do two):◦ The Taiping rebellion◦ China’s “Open Door Policy”◦ The “Russo-Japanese War”◦ The U.S. acquisition of the Panama Canal◦ The Monroe Doctrine◦ The Roosevelt Corollary◦ The Mexican Revolution
Each cartoon must have a 30 word write up explaining the “symbolism” in your cartoon
They will be due on by the end of class today
Political Cartoon Assignment