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TRANSCRIPT
The European Commission’s
science and knowledge service
Joint Research Centre
A modern JRC
in a modern Commission
Pär J Åstrand & al.
Title: Closing the 2016 controls
campaign, and preparing for 2017
Lisbon, PT, 24-25 November, 2016
Outline
1. Closing 2016, and Campaign issues 2016 -> 2017
postIR, Campaign Results statistics, Image acquisition statistics
2. Preparing 2017
preIR, status and ongoing iterations
3. Sentinel2 usage in the CwRS
Sentinel2 (S2) compared to the HR profile
EC, MS, share responsibility for an effective and efficient control
• Since 1995 through 5 CAP Reforms with its relative Regulations
• Call for collaboration – a ‘shared management’ , and ‘smooth
operation” to implement the EAGF and to operate the Funds
Preamble:
postIR, Campaign Results statistics; 2016
PreIRs gives:
• generic information, methods, profiles, justifications
Campaign Results statistics = our earlier so-called “summary stats”, gives:
• Average farm size and parcel size, OTSC results (traditional, CwRS, at
application, and at parcel level, coding etc.), ‘Other’ information (e.g. use of
which DEM, if use of S1/S2 etc.)
• Essential for MS to complete these. Only with them, and couple these with
ongoing QC, can JRC give MS ‘best practices’ and technical guidance.
• All MS completed preIR, and postIR, but only partially the Campaign Result
statistics; completion should be done in early 2017 when all Campaign results
are available.
1. Closing 2016, and Campaign issues 2016 -> 2017
… information given allows JRC to follow MS through Campaigns
e.g. do we experience an increase in greening control by CwRS ?
Changes from preIR, postIR, and in stats …
???
1. Closing 2016, and Campaign issues 2016 -> 2017
Image acquisition statistics; 2016
What was acquired in 2016?
Some lessons learnt for Campaign 2017
More details will be given in:
1. Challenges and solutions for more efficient HR/HHR image acquisition (Airbus)
2. VHR: trade-off between capacity and quality (EUSI); presentation and poster
1. Closing 2016, and Campaign issues 2016 -> 2017
Control zones
- VHR only 277 zones
- VHR+HR 360 zones
- Aerial+HR 38 zones
∑ VHR 637 zones
Av. images/zone 1.2
∑ HR 398 zones
Av. images/zone 2.5
- Sentinel2 (S2) used by
13 MS/MS regions
CwRS Methods (2016 final)
1. Closing 2016, and Campaign issues 2016 -> 2017
Image Statistics - VHR evolution (1000’s km2)
1. Closing 2016, and Campaign issues 2016 -> 2017
In yellow - forecast
Image Statistics - VHR details
CwRS
• Success rate: 99.9%
• Main sensor: WV2 67 %
• Average cloud cover: 2.09%
• Average Elevation Angle: 62,37⁰
• Mean acquisition time: 17 days
LPIS QA
• Success rate: 100%
• Average CC: 0.20% (maximum value 3%)
• Average Elevation Angle: 83.15⁰ (minimum value 78.50⁰)
1. Closing 2016, and Campaign issues 2016 -> 2017
WV4 Launched Nov. 11, 2016
Image Statistics - HR evolution (# images)
1. Closing 2016, and Campaign issues 2016 -> 2017
In yellow - forecast
Image Statistics - HR details
• Success rate: 95.5%
• Mean acquisition time: 16 days
• Average CC 0.6%
• Split of profiles
• HR MSP Profile ≤ 25m Sentinel2 (S2)
• Challenges:
• Weather conditions spring/summer (FR), late summer (IE)
1. Closing 2016, and Campaign issues 2016 -> 2017
Acquisition scenario is complex … (1)2016 -> 2016issues; 2016 ->2017
1. Closing 2016, and Campaign issues 2016 -> 2017
• Possible discontinuation of HR in favour of S2 (13 MS/MS Regions used
S2 in 2016)
• Use HHR where S2 not sufficient
• Can HHR substitute VHR2?
• Use of right profile (e.g. A6)
• Windows - “earliest” “latest” start dates, dead period, length (6 weeks)
• Feasibility HHR (making use of above)
• Feasibility VHR
• Method chosen must fit an effective CAP check approach
Acquisition scenario is complex … (2)
UK DMC-22
HR -> S2 ->
HHR
SENTINEL-2A
HR -> S2 ->
HHR
SPOT 7
HR -> S2 ->
HHR
preIR, status and ongoing iterations; 2017
JRC role in the ‘shared management’ and ‘smooth operation’
• Fine-tuning of image requests
• Analysis of preIRs inserted in G4CAP (all MS met deadline 01/11/2016)
• Optimize methods, optimize costs
• VHR2 -> HHR where possible
• HR -> S2 where possible
• applying Indicators/budget [9.13 M euro] [present request 0.5M too
high]
• Cost of requested satellite images per total OTSC area (EUR/ha)
• % of AOI area used for control
• developing other indicators
• Farm reference parcel (RP) spread, and target coverage of a holding -> efficient AOIs
• % of eligible area in AOI
• … other indicators from postIR and Campaign Results statistics
2. Preparing 2017
Cost of requested satellite images per total OTSC area (EUR/ha)
Iterations ongoing …
Preparing 2017
% of AOI used in control
2. Preparing 2017
MS average 28%
Campaign 2017 image costs distribution
8 MS use approx. 77% of the budget, but also count for 72% of the EU farm applications
2. Preparing 2017
Next steps for 2017
Continue contacts with ‘outliers’ MS here in Lisbon
• Finalize image requests and workprogramme before end of 2016
Autumn zones
• Bilateral contacts with JRC
• Start S2alert, or other mechanism, for S2 as soon as window opens
Next deadline for MS Administrations
• Insert shapefiles in G4CAP, prepare zone shapefiles/IRs/windows in
G4CAP before January 15th
• Complete Campaign Result statistics asap (early 2017) in G4CAP
2. Preparing 2017
Comparison S2 vs. HR/HHR in Campaign 2016
• Copernicus [S2] acquisition efficiency vs. [SPOT6/7, and DMC22]
• Visit poster … (S2alert statistics, and Feedback from MS/contractors survey)
3. Sentinel2 usage in the CwRS
Note.
Sample is 65% (630/966 of total HR windows of Campaign 2016)
Original windows requested by MS at campaign start
CC threshold is <5.3% (AB had 2 retained (5,1% and 5,2% CC) same threshold was set for S2
No partials included
Analysis - whole campaign, by window, by no. of S2 acquisitions - 65% sample
At least 1 complete acquisition / window
3. Sentinel2 usage in the CwRS
Note.
Number of acquisitions and respective CC%
Analysis – Cloud Cover (CC) over AOI on images acquired
3. Sentinel2 usage in the CwRS
HR+1 satellite
zones 352/966;
the most used
window
231 (66%) acquired by AB
235 (66%) acquired by S2
Trends: Both Airbus fleet and S2 acquire well in the South and
East, randomly in central EU, and worse in NW
Geographic distribution of HR+1 window
3. Sentinel2 usage in the CwRS
Figures: ESA hubs some figures …
• approx. 200 API calls are needed for one single Sentinel Request (SR)
from G4CAP (a typical 4w window)
• Each call (search in catalogue, metadata DL or QL DL) is made to the
COPHUB and takes 1-3 seconds (APIHUB is up to 4 times slower …)
• 1 SR 200x3 seconds = 10min
• Start your SR as soon as your window opens (avoid backlog)
• DL of imagery from APIHUB
• APIHUB is very unstable and DL speeds vary greatly
• Possibility to use other hubs (Amazon, Google …)
3. Sentinel2 usage in the CwRS
Figures: ESA hubs some figures …
Fig. shows typical DL speed of the APIHUB during Sept/Oct. It checks for latest ingested S2 image
every 10 minutes and then does a DL of the B8 band. It is especially unstable after 27 Sept (one-
granule-per-scene delivery), because it cannot handle the large volume of requests, or due to
changes in access protocols etc. Prior to 27 Sept, overall DL speed was much better, but of course,
scene size also much larger.
3. Sentinel2 usage in the CwRS
Observations from this analysis:
1.) Comparing S2 with Airbus (SPOT 6/7, and DMC-2) acquisition
efficiency for whole campaign, and for each zone window
• Overall slightly less success rates for S2 compared to Airbus fleet at CC<5% over the
control zones AOIs -> 66% / 75%
• Same success rate for largest window (HR+1) –> 66%
• Airbus fleet appears better in autumn/winter and in shorter windows
2.) Where (geographically) does one perform better than the other?
• Both Airbus and S2 perform well in the South and East where S2 could be used to
substitute the F0. MSP profile
• Both Airbus and S2 perform random in the centre of EU, and overall worse in the NW,
where S2 will be coupled with the HHR profile.
3.) ESA hubs
• COPHUB calls are up to 4 times faster than APIHUB to retrieve metadata. The APIHUB is
currently very unstable and image DL speeds vary greatly.
3. Sentinel2 usage in the CwRS
Overall Conclusions
1. Closing 2016, and Campaign issues 2016 -> 2017
• Good image acquisition success rates 99.9% VHR, 95.5% HR; difficult weather
conditions in summer (FR and IE)
• Need more time to analyse campaign results “summary stats” – MS late in input.
Essential for MS to give input to JRC, and to couple with ongoing QC in order to give
best technical guidance.
2. Preparing 2017
• Iterations ongoing with selected MS to fit budgetary ceiling; reductions within “effective
controls”
3. Sentinel2 usage in the CwRS
• Quite good success rates for S2. Equivalence with HR especially in the S and E. Couple
with HHR otherwise. MS should continue trials with S2A (and S2B will soon come …)