˘ˇˆ˙˝˛˚ hiv13 ˘ˇˆ˙˝˛˚ 13 ˜hiv !"#* $% & ’(˜ ) * "+-.,11/ ,#- ./%0123...

6
腜腪腫腢 腜腪腫腢 HIV 腊腱腟腝腧腐腮腯腅腏腆腍腊腤腌腈腄腇腊腟腚腔腙腕腁腉腂腃腏 HIV 腠腣腒腁腗腓 腛腒 臹臔膬臔 腀膓腑腛 臻臦臛膲膒腾膋膀腃腰腩 : 腱腰腱腰腣膸臇腢膲腡腬腯 HIV 腁腺臌腲膔腓腘臭腞HIV 膤膷臢腍膴臉 膱膗腲膩腨腝膵膲腔腯腑腟腲臘腔腯腘腨腗腉腓腘臲腡膴臉腻腃膄腼腲膫腔腯腑腟腞膵膲腲 腔腯臌腲臙腧腘腬腭 : 膸臇腢 HIV 腁腺臌腣 HIV 膒膄+. 腟臞膺臰臄腌腭腠腯腍腗腢臸膚臢臶腟臜致膏腲臉腓腇腱腖腝臞膺臰臄臢腢 HIV 腲膴腓腘腦腘臍腋腕腮膵 膲膊腃膈腡腋腈腝 ,*** . 膳腌腭 ,**+ - 膳腦腞腴膋膅腷腃膈膂腺膋腾膋膁腢膘HIV 臉膥腞腌腜 HIV 膤膷腟腭腎腒腰腘膵膲臢腡HIV-PCR HIV 膴臉腲臁腈臸腢腟腎 腢腧膹腤臨腓臄腔腯腑腟腟腓腘腞腛 : +322 膌臂 HIV 膒膄臱膚臢腪臞膺臰臄臢腣腂腆腔腯膯膽腡腇腛腘腍膻臢腌腭 HIV 臸臢腣膴臨腞腎腠腌腛腘腋腕腮膊腃膈腡腋腐腯 .,,3,3 臲腢膵膲膥--2 臲腍HIV 臉膥腙腛腘腍臱腢膱膗 22 臲腍 HIV 膤膷腟腭腎腒腰腉腚 13 臲腍膲膒腾膋膀腃腡腋腐腯 膴臉腲膥腓腘腗腢腉腚腌腭 HIV 臸臢腣膶腒腰腕膦膢腢膵膲臢臞膺臰臄臢腌腭腩 HIV 臸臢腣膴臨腒腰腠腌腛腘腞腲 : 膲膒腾膋膀腃腡腋腐腯 HIV 膴臉腻腃膄腼腣膖腟膿腊腭腰腘腍腍臫腠腏臍HIV 腈腘腨腗腢 HIV 腵腳膋膂腵膡腁腺臘腡腔腯臡膼臸腲臝腔腑腟腣腞腎腠腌腛 腑腁腘腁腖 : HIV 膴臉腻腃膄腼臞膺臰臄腵腳膋膂腵膡腦腽腶腴腽膠膙臚 . : -1.,,**, 臅腢臻臦臛膲膒腾膋膀腃腞腣+320 膋膅膲膒 HIV 膴臉腡腬腯腼腸膉腃膃膋腹腲臁腛腝腎腘腍膵膲臢腡腋腐腯 HIV 膕腓+* 臲腡 + 臲腲腤腪腓腘 +腑腢膻腡腣膍膔腚HIV 膴臉腞膴 臨腒腰腠腈腵腳膋膂腵膦腢 HIV 膵膲臢腍 .** 腌腭 +** + 腢膟腞臈臋腔腯腩腢腟膿腊腭腰腝腈腘腍 ,臡臊腗腢腬腉腠膵膲臢腢膲膒腌腭腢膲膡+330 +333 + 腕腜膟腒腰腘 -腗腑腞臻腞腣腒腭腡膡 腢腬腈膴臉腲腟腈腉腑腟腞+333 腨腾腡臷膜腡臼膮腐腝 腔腥腝腢膵膲臢腡腜腈腝腢膆腃膊膴腞腢 HIV 膞臐腆腴 膴臉 膇膃膆腃膊 NAT腲膝臓腓腘 .腓腌腓 NAT 腞腩膴臨腞腎腠腈腵腳膋膂腵膦腣腠腋膍膔 腡臑腔腯 .腗腰腫腊+322 臆腌腭臁腱腰腝腈腘臞 膺臰臄 /腟腟腩腡+33/ 腌腭膝臓腒腰腘HIV 膤膷臁膎腡膣腔腯臠腍腦腔腦腔臧腟腠腛腝腈 腓腌腓腠腍腭膵膲臢腍膴臉膃腚腞膵膲膸臮腡膸腰臱腡膪膧腢膚腲腓腘臮臃腣臵臊腞臯腈臘腨腯腑腟腣腞腇腯膸臋腦腞腢膵膲腞膶腒腰腘 HIV 臢腣腝腃腢腑腟腠腍腭 HIV 腢膤膷臁膎腡膣腔腯臱腢臀 臢腞腣腠腏腦腘臞膺臰臄腩腓腝腈腠腈腗腑腞腬腮膼腟腠腮腉腯腷腸腟腓腝 HIV 膴臉膃腚腢膵膲臢腡 腣膲膒腾膋膀腃腞膴臉腲膫腔腯腑腟腞臡臊腢膵膲腲臟 腓腝腩腭腉腟腈腉腷腸腲臙臁腓腘腨腦腂腎腋腬腭 HIV 腢腵腳膋膂腵膡臘腔腯膐腢臣腟腓腝臦臛膲膒腾膋膀腃腞腣 +322 腌腭臞膺臰臄腲+33/ 腲臒腛腝臱腲臁腛腝腎腘腢腞腦腕+. , 臎臬臢腟臞膺臰臄臢腢膰腨腚腵腢膻臢腢 HIV 膴臉膱膗腲臎臬腓腝腗腢臡膼臸腲膔腓 臇膚腢 HIV 膴臉腻腃膄腼腢臡臗腡臼腛腝腣臻臦臛膲膒腾膋膀腃腢膵膲臢膓膴膍膑膙腞膴膒膌: 腄腆*0-***, 臕臺膭臏腢臣 ,,--1 臻臦臛膲膒腾膋膀腃Fax : *++0+-22,., E-mail : [email protected]. or.jp ,**+ / +0 ; ,**+ +, / ,**, The Japanese Society for AIDS Research The Journal of AIDS Research -1 -1

Upload: others

Post on 15-Mar-2020

1 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: ˘ˇˆ˙˝˛˚ HIV13 ˘ˇˆ˙˝˛˚ 13 ˜hiv !"#* $% & ’(˜ ) * "+-.,11/ ,#- ./%0123 "++ ˘- hiv !#ˇ456 78’ 9:; ?@a * "-+3,,,3 b0

� � � �� � � �

HIV������ ���������������������HIV� !�"#

�� ��� �� ��� �� ��� �� ��� � ���� ������� �

$% : �������������HIV����� !�"#$%&� HIV��'()*+,-.!/012�3�45!��3�$0� 67#$8��+,9�:;!�<3�45&2�!=�3�� !>?$@&' : ���HIV����� �HIVA��B C+.�D 5EFGHIJK�*� 6��L=�)M5���NOP!�,#� Q�R1EFGH)�HIV�L�!+�#$@ S$� � !T2�U�V�WX1 ,***� .YIJ ,**+� -YS&� Z�[\�V]^���_�`"&� HIV+,a#&IbHIV��'(5$%c�$2�)�� HIV-PCR5HIVd&+,!eX��L�5f�?ghi#H'3�455#$@() : +322�jkHIVA��B=�)lEFGH)�()3�mn�Qo$*� p)IJHIV

�L)�+i&fKIo$@ !TU�V�Wq� .,,3,38�2�a#)� --28**rHIV+,a#so$*��B�-. 228*HIV��'(5$%c�� 7t 138*�������Wq�u++,!a##$@ 6�7tIJHIV�L)�,vc�w� xy��2�)� EFGH)IJzHIV�L)�+ic�KIo$@(* : �������Wq�HIV+,9�:;�{-5|}J�$*� .~/*�K�� ��HIV�L�*0X$06�HIV���]�������3�u�L!�345�&fKIo$@

+�,�- : HIV+,9�:;� EFGH� ���]���

12�Z���� . : -1�.,� ,**,

. /

3���� ������&�� +320�j4��5���HIVd&+,���;������!eo1f$*�2�)�Wq�HIV�L�6���)�#� +*78� +

8!89#$+D@ 4�:p��;<=�HIVd&+,&+ic�KX���]�x�HIV��2�)* .**7IJ+**7� +���&��3�z�5|}J�1X$*,D�u�6��7K2�)���IJ�����* +330�5+333�� +>wb�?c�$-D@ 64&1�&�cJ��6��X+,!5X745&� +333�@������q13�1�2�)�bX1���U+&&�HIV��)A+, C����UNATD !��#$.D@#I#NAT&z+i&fKX���]�x�KW;<=� B3�.D@ 6�¡}� +322�¢IJe��1X$EFGH/D55z�� +33/�IJ��c�$3�C£�BD

�HIV'(e¤�A3�¥�*S3S3¦E5Ko1X�@#I#K*J� 2�)*+,F=&2��§���� �B�¨©�=�!#$§ª�«�&¬X�0�45�G{-&Q�@ ��S&���2�&,vc�$HIV�L)�*H�45K*JHIV�'(e¤�A3��B�­I=�)&�K�� S$EFGHz#1XKX@ 64&��TJ�5KT7��K5#1HIV+,F=�2�)��������&+,!�<3�45&� u��2�!®L#1zJ75X7�K!>e#$@

01�23&'

HIV����]���!��3�M£�¯N5#1� �� ������&� +322�IJEFGH!� +33/�IJ�BD!°o1�B!eo1f$�&� Sw�B +.�C± ,²³D ­I=�)5EFGH)�´�=OP!�,#� p)�HIV+,-.!²³#1� 6�u�L!�"#$@�=�HIV+,9�:;�uµ��Qo1�� ��

�� ������R�2�)�¶+�·¸�&+�#�

S)�T� : ���� C¹*0-�***, � �º»��¯ ,�,�-�-1���� ������� � DFax : *++�0+-�22,., E-mail : [email protected].

or.jp

,**+� /Y +01¼U ; ,**+� +,Y /1¼;

�,**, The Japanese Society for AIDS Research The Journal of AIDS Research

C -1 D-1

Page 2: ˘ˇˆ˙˝˛˚ HIV13 ˘ˇˆ˙˝˛˚ 13 ˜hiv !"#* $% & ’(˜ ) * "+-.,11/ ,#- ./%0123 "++ ˘- hiv !#ˇ456 78’ 9:; ?@a * "-+3,,,3 b0

���� ��������� � ����������� ������������ !�"#$� ��%&'� (�)$� +*+�,-./��012�"3

HIV456�78�9:�;<�=>? +�@ABC�� DEHIV45�F�� >G'� H�I J? ,K �LM$N�O"�P� QRST�UV�WX�� HIV�YZ�[Y\]�^�"_� +-`�a��bcF�de"� f�g�� h� +.` JiEjN? ,klK �m�HIV

no-p��qr�� ��s�t�45�u_"#$� Wv45�w��"x�g�045 y �vzWO"3 45> PA{�B|HIV}~0K� TMA{�B|��HIV-RNA451K $�|3 ��f>������$������A|z���� ��f�g�0>� �������0� �j|z����|"_�� ,�+�D$�&��Wiz��NO0�������"3

� �

HIVno-p��A|�U +.` J? ,klK �gA|bc�d��� ������ J�U +.`���A|��� ���j������$�WXO"���� � ¡

¢�£�A|z�K f��*�¤¥>? -�@A�v'$� +.`�U¦�bc�d��>��O"§¨>W� J?-�aK� ����f>ST�UV�HIVno-p��m�j" +33/*X�¨©ª«�@�" J? -�bK3

HIV456�78�¬i0>� ? .�@ABC� ,***

* .­X� ,**+* -­D$� +*+�%&'� (�)�®j"� w�f .,,3,3x�CP� --2x J*.2�K ��U +-`� ¯>i° ��d�0HIV�45�w��"3 ��CP±��7²��B'� �U +.`��m�j0i|HIV\]no-p���A|�³G�j"� f> 22xJ*.,*�K $�O"3 ­�$>� ? .��´�@ABC� 2

­� +/x�NO�Nµ�� +,­� +x�NO�N©W

� + HIVw�45�9:�;<�=

� + HIV45w�f¶���·¸f���

456�78�¬i0��¹0X��s -+ J*.*1�K

�U +-`¯>i°º�� HIVno-pW� ,/* J*./2�K

�U +.`¯>i°� H�$»¼�³� +.* J*.--�K

�U +.`¯>i°� � ¢^� 45¹E 20 J*.,*�K

�U +-�+.`¯>i°� 45w� 13 J*.+2�K

J -2 K

R Shimoyama et al. : HIV Test Service in a Blood Center, as a Measure against Transfusion Transmitted HIV Infection

-2

Page 3: ˘ˇˆ˙˝˛˚ HIV13 ˘ˇˆ˙˝˛˚ 13 ˜hiv !"#* $% & ’(˜ ) * "+-.,11/ ,#- ./%0123 "++ ˘- hiv !#ˇ456 78’ 9:; ?@a * "-+3,,,3 b0

���� ����� 13� �������������������� 13��HIV !"# *$% �&�'(��)*�" +-.,11/�, #-�./% 0123" ++���-HIV !#�4�56���� 78'9:;<=>������?@A*�" -+3,,,3�B0123" ,*� +CD5-EFG�HIJ�, ��-HIV

!"#�4�56����HIV��K�LM���J��C��*���"N

O#P +�QJR�S$T��� J6U�% VWX6Y$HIV��K�LM�ZS[\��" -+�% HIV�� *�]^$#6C % _C$���`a�ZS�CR

b��" ,/*�% cd +.e�fg�5hC�HIVijklmnop�qr�hC�" +.*�$T��� st�#NOuvw#x�6����

� �

yz��{|�} {~R#C�% ������~�����$����"���HIVij"B��"�4���R��% RSU�y����HIVij�� ����]��_R6��� ���� +322��[cd�� ��5h��� x�cd��HIVklmn�

� , *�"�� ¡¢��£¤¥

The Journal of AIDS Research Vol. . No. + ,**,

+ -3 ,-3

Page 4: ˘ˇˆ˙˝˛˚ HIV13 ˘ˇˆ˙˝˛˚ 13 ˜hiv !"#* $% & ’(˜ ) * "+-.,11/ ,#- ./%0123 "++ ˘- hiv !#ˇ456 78’ 9:; ?@a * "-+3,,,3 b0

���������� �������� ������HIV��������������� !"#�$%&'()*+&,-./0 1234-5 �6��78 -9: +.;<=����234-�>?@&A/

� +33/B>HIV�����CD�E���FGHI>:JKL�MN�� 234-��� OP��7 :QR&4-���9:JKLS�>TUV !�>&WX&�!� � YZ&9B[ ,**\�(�234-> /�+*

]�!#���7 �� #�� :J^_>`abcd A#��e��/7 �"�! f� g�&>��hij0>���"fHIVkl�9 +.\mn��'>> 1:<=���>mo9&�!�>&TUV9!�525� 234-

�"fpq�9mn���!�>&� (�>Ycq�9r���e��/7 st>��9uG>st�vwxy&A/ CUE&'z{|���/357

HIVmo}U~w���b������9�����> *.+2�&A�� ����P!"#�7 ��9�����mo�>�C������>&� : +-; ����>��&�HIVmo�d�������\�������./'>&9!�� HIVkl>��b�� A/�������L��HIV>mo�d�����\�������./�������� ¡��'f#��d�e��/7 �>R9��� �¢�4-./"£"¤� ���>HIVkl��q�¥./¦§b¨©�ª§b¨©

� -�a HIV��«¬>: 1+.;5 <=���>?@ 1ij0­®VU5

� -�b 234-�>?@ 1ij0­®VU5

1 .* 5

R Shimoyama et al. : HIV Test Service in a Blood Center, as a Measure against Transfusion Transmitted HIV Infection

.*

Page 5: ˘ˇˆ˙˝˛˚ HIV13 ˘ˇˆ˙˝˛˚ 13 ˜hiv !"#* $% & ’(˜ ) * "+-.,11/ ,#- ./%0123 "++ ˘- hiv !#ˇ456 78’ 9:; ?@a * "-+3,,,3 b0

����������� �������������������� +-��� +.� ������ .� �!

"#� HIV����$%2 &�� �� ,/��� +�� '�(� /��� +�����)� *+�,-./0�123���� .��4�!"#� �����56"789:.;��!"#� -*�4 �<�)=�>? =��+�,-./0�@AB�C>D�>EF*G+� @H!"#��,-./0I�#���>?HIV#��JKG�>L+=�>? =��+�,-./0B2L)�)3����MBN�*��� ��O�@ABPN=���Q�>L+� R���,-./0��,#>? +�� HIV#��J�Q+��� �S�T?UB��N�=���Q�)�VW�� &G� HIV �XY9ZX[�#�� � \�]�� +**��� + �^._.�V% =�]��*G�`!��"a�B��N�=���#$�bc�%&KG�>?�V���>���? HIV �,I�#��d'(eB�MN�

�)fg*KG+hijklAm ��,-./0�]LHIV En#�!"o+�pQCq?G�=� �rsKG�>L+�*+,"-"7�,�."�C)� ,***� ,

d>? "t/�C)� 0 d>? /** u.v]% /*

u.v NAT �*�0w�)�=�B�1N�� �#�2Q�En�@2�Q����xyG�� z{3|}2~�]��425�12B2�� =�]�� HIV

�,-./0�@ABP��>��G�)�����

)f�S�D$%��,-./0� +����6�+� z{�� +.7�89B���2�=�����V������ �>���?:;��O���<��y>%��L$% �=>?����56"789:.��-�)� y>%}N)�>}��0lB�L+?�@+* B�A�K?��-�)Q+)�"789:.��.�,"B������C�V��

N��,"��,�D�KG+ HBV, HCV, HTLVI �����E�FGB2)++ �%yq���89:.���X98�9i}�������k�B2L+, �������H��!�)��I�KG)�� �+�L HIV �,�C)�2J���a�K?GG� yGyG�12B���� HIV �,"[�L �����M�$q� HIVN¡L �+¢����H�£ON�=��¤P���)�xyG++- ��=HIV �,�Q¥¦�2�§Q���VW�� o

@��Q¥¦�,�¨R�S©)�)��oT�V��UVW#ªX�YQ¥¦� HIV �,BZ«�¬+� [\��]1KG)���� ^�}+¦ *+` }`{��X98�9i}­_�®D2¯`Q�D�°±8a�[²?G+�Q¥¦ �2J �"789:. ��56 �bc%a³

B´ µO�¶d�M�$q� HIV �ef p)�!"#BF�+,"[��ef�·%g¬+)���V��

�h¸�i 3 ¹���jº HIV »k¼�Dl�+�

� . HIV �,-./0�@m

The Journal of AIDS Research Vol. . No. + ,**,

� .+ .+

Page 6: ˘ˇˆ˙˝˛˚ HIV13 ˘ˇˆ˙˝˛˚ 13 ˜hiv !"#* $% & ’(˜ ) * "+-.,11/ ,#- ./%0123 "++ ˘- hiv !#ˇ456 78’ 9:; ?@a * "-+3,,,3 b0

� �

+ � ���� : �������� ���� ������� ������������ ��� !"#�,***� p ,1�p --�

, � �$%& : '()*'+���,�HIV������ -��./ .. : +-2� +332�

- � ���� : ������ �0�12�� 345�67���8�9:�;<=>?@)*A� p +*/�p ++2� ,**+.

. � Japanese Red Cross NAT Screening Research Group :

Nationwide nucleic acid amplification testing of hepatitis

B virus, hepatitis C virus and human immune-deficiency

virus type + for blood transfusion and follow-up study of

nucleic acid amplification positive donors. Jpn J Infect

Dis /- : ++0�+,-, ,***.

/ � ����� BCDE : F�G� �HIJ�KL� �MNO ,* : +//�+0+� +332�

0 � Sekiguchi S, Ikeda H, Kato T, Maeda R, Fukai K : An

automated screening test for antibodies to human im-

munodeficiency virus +. Transfusion ,2 : /2+�/2/, +322.

1 � PQRE� STEU� VWXY� Z[\]�� ^[

_�� ��� : TMA8`abHIV-+cde��fg� �hJ�h .+ : ++21�++30� +333�

2 � ����� BCDE� ijkl�� mno_� � pqr� s�12� tuvw : F���x�yz{|}b~���]�� -�~��h./ + : 2.�22�+333�

3 � Peterson LR, Lackritz E, Lewis WF, Smith DS, Herrera

G, Raimendi V, Aberle-Grasse J, Dodd RY : The e#ec-

tiveness of confidential unit exclusion (CUE) option.

Transfusion -. : 20/�203, +33..

+*� ���1� ����� s���� ����� �W[y�$�_�� ��� : HIV'()*'�����b��� ��� �MNO ,- : 0*+�0*0� ,***�

++� ����� ���]� ����� t��l� ��������2� BCDE : B�,� C���'�>�� �¡�¢£¤¥�¦§� �¨ -3 : 3,�3-� +332�

+,� ����� BCDE : F�©cª5«{¬}b'�>�­�zG®�¯qJ°¡±�²J�³±� �MNO� ,, : -33�.*0� +333�

+-� ���� : F��HIV�z´q`µ¶·¸� ¹º»¼ 0. : /+*�/++� ,***�

HIV Test Service in a Blood Center, as a Measure against

Transfusion Transmitted HIV Infection

Ryuji SHIMOYAMA, Seiko TANAKA, Chinami KANEKO,

Toshiaki KATO and Hisami IKEDA

Hokkaido Red Cross Blood Center Sapporo

Objective : We tried to provide an HIV-testing service for blood donors in order to avoid

blood donations from those who were at high risk for HIV infection and came to donate for

the sake of obtaining HIV test results.

Subject and Methods : We investigated the rate of donors who answered a$rmatively to the

HIV-risk question on donor interview form and that of the donors who called back after

donation stating that he/she had HIV-risk behaviors. We tested blood specimens of those

donors who wanted HIV test results at the Sapporo Odori Donation Room and induced them

not to donate. Nucleic acid amplification tests and anti-HIV tests were carried out for those

specimens. Those who showed positive results were to be called and notified.

Results : The rate of donors who a$rmatively answered or made a call-back to the question

of HIV-risk factors gradually increased especially after a uniform donor interview form was

prepared. Initially --2 wanted HIV test results among .,,3,3 prospective donors from April

,*** to March ,**+. Among them 22 were recognized to have an HIV risk factor by

interview, and 13 proceeded to HIV testing. None of them proved to be positive for HIV.

Conclusion : HIV test service in a blood center is feasible, but we could not show the

e#ectiveness, probably because of small population under analysis and the low prevalence rate

of HIV in Sapporo.

Key words : HIV testing service, self-exclusion of blood, window phase infection

� ., �

R Shimoyama et al. : HIV Test Service in a Blood Center, as a Measure against Transfusion Transmitted HIV Infection

.,