- final report - mid term review of the mukti project ... · - final report - mid term review of...

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- Final Report -

Mid Term Review of the Mukti Project

Submitted by

Dr. Krishna B. Bhattachan

Central Department of Sociology and Anthropology

Tribhuvan University

Kirtipur, Kathmandu, Nepal

E-mail: [email protected], [email protected]

Tel.: 977-1-4-331852 (O) 977- 9841295855 (Mobile)

Submitted to

Care Nepal

Dhobighat, Lalitpur

P.O. Box 1661, Kathmandu, NEPAL

Tel: 977-1-5522800

Fax: 977-1- 5521202

E-mail:[email protected]

28 January 2014

mailto:[email protected]



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CONTENTS

Acronyms ............................................................................................................................................... iii

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................................... iv

1. BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES OF MID-TERM REVIEW (MTR) ...................................... 1

1.1. Background of the Mid-Term Review ......................................................................................... 1

1.2. Objective and Focus of Mid-Term Review .................................................................................. 2

1.3. Approaches and Methodology Used ............................................................................................ 3

2. PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION ....................................................................................................... 5

2.1. Activities ...................................................................................................................................... 5

2.2. Quality of Monitoring and Backstopping .................................................................................... 9

3. PROJECT RESULTS ....................................................................................................................... 10

3.1. Relevance ................................................................................................................................... 10

3.2. Outputs ....................................................................................................................................... 12

3.3. Fulfilment of the Project Objectives .......................................................................................... 12

3.4. Capacity Building ...................................................................................................................... 12

3.5. Outcome Contributing to Impact ............................................................................................... 13

3.6. Sustainability.............................................................................................................................. 13

4. LESSONS LEARNT ........................................................................................................................ 15

5. RECOMMENDATION .................................................................................................................... 16

5.1. Recommendation for Immediate Necessary Follow Up by the Mukti Project of Care Nepal16

5.2. Recommendation to Care Nepal for Longer Term ................................................................ 19

Annex-1. Terms of Reference (ToR) to undertake Mid-Term Review (MTR) of Mukti Project ......... 20

Annex-2. List of documents reviewed .................................................................................................. 27

Annex-3. List of people contacted ........................................................................................................ 28

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Acronyms

CPN-UML Communist Party of Nepal-Unified Marxist-Leninist

DAC District Advisory Committee

DANIDA Danish International Development Cooperation

DAO District Administration Office

DDC District Development Committee

DFID Department for International Development

DMHSF District Mukta Haliya Samaj Mahasangh

FGD Focus Group Discussion

FHRMT Freed Haliya Rehabilitation and Monitoring Taskforce

GoN Government of Nepal

GBV gender-based violence

HaKK Haliya and Kamiaya Kamlari Project

ILO International Labour Organization

LWF Lutheran World Federation

MoLRM Ministry of Land Reform and Management

NC Nepali Congress

NGO Non-Governmental Organization

RBA Rights-Based Approach

RMHSF Rastriya Mukta Haliya Samaj Mahasangh (Federation of National Haliya

Liberation Societies)

SDC Swiss Development Cooperation

UCPN-M Unified Communist Party of Nepal-Maoist

UNICEF United Nations International fund for Children

VAC Village Advisory Committee

VDC Village Development Committee

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Background and objectives of Mid-Term Review (MTR)

In 2008, the Federation of National Haliya Liberation Societies (hereafter RMHSF), launched

a series of protests and presented 11 demands to the Government of Nepal (GoN). The

government signed a five point agreement with the RMHSF in 2008 that liberated the Haliya.

Mukti project has been implemented at the national level since January 2012 and the actions

are intended to fill the gap by linking the local level and situation of the Haliya with the

policy process at national level. The Mukti is an issues based project, executed by the Care

Nepal and Rastriya Mukta Haliya Samaj Federation (RMHSF) jointly with financial support

of the European Union (EU) and CARE Denmark. RMHSF is the key implementing agency,

responsible for project planning, implementation and monitoring. The project is mainly

focused to strengthen the capacity of RMHSF promoting and protecting human rights of

Haliya so that they will be able to speed up the finalization of the Haliya system (Prohibition)

Acts. Overall objective of Mukti project is "to contribute to full rehabilitation of Haliyas and

enable them to enjoy their human rights with respect and protection from the government and

their communities."

The overall objective of the midterm review is to assess appropriateness and effectiveness of

the strategies, approaches and initiatives of the project, technical and managerial capacities of

the implementing partners and implementing mechanisms to achieve the project objectives

and make recommendations for necessary revisions to these for better achievement of the

project goal. Rather than getting locked into just looking at targets against achievement, the

MTR exercise will take a step back and look at the effectiveness of the strategies for the

following three key areas: (i) policy influence, (ii) monitoring of human rights violations, and

capacity building of RMHSF, and also, make key recommendations for strategies going

forward.

The Project Team and the consultant/s worked together as a team during the Mid-Term

Review. The project team comprised Impact Measurement and Learning Manager and

Organizational Development specialist from CARE Nepal and Program Manager from

RMHSF. The Mukti team was responsible for coordination with partner organizations and

communities, joint meeting for finalizing entire process (including questionnaire and tools

development) and provided feedback on report. The MTR Team decided to carry out field

work in three districts: (1) Bajura, (2) Doti, and (3) Kanchanpur. Also, Interview with

regional managers of both Care Nepal and Lutheran were done in Dhangadhi in Kailai district

and interviews at the central level was carried out in Kathmandu. Both primary (focus groups

discussion and interview) and secondary sources of data (relevant documents) are used.

2. PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION

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The MTR team is of the view that all parties were in full agreement on main issues involved

in project implementation, including advocacy on and support for verification, enactment of

law and implementation of rehabilitation modality, implementation of most of the 19

activities followed the initial project plan and schedule and a few were not done so due to

lack of organizational structure, financial and human resources, follow up mechanism and

understanding. All those activities that were implemented were by and large cost effective.

The MTR team is of the view that the level of commitment to the Mukti project was

demonstrated by the Care Nepal and local and central government, in terms of staff, funds,

and general political support, has been strong. Some of the Mukti project staff were fully

involved but were not capable, and three other staffs had resigned and their positions are still

vacant. It, therefore, compromised performance of the project to some extent. Some

respondents said that hiring of the three staffs was based not on merit; hence they could not

discharge their performance in satisfactory ways. The three positions, Advocacy Officer,

Documentation Officer and Field Officer, are still vacant. What is worrisome is total

dependence of RMHSF and DMHSF staffs of the Mukti and/or the HaAK (Haliya and

Kamiaya Kamlari) projects. Administratively and financially, Mukti has been managed in a

satisfactory way. The MTR team's view is that there is a need further strengthening of

monitoring and evaluation component.

PROJECT RESULTS

Activities: All respondents univocally said relevance, necessity, usefulness and need for

continuation with intensification of all these key areas and approaches/guiding principles.

Political leaders, Freed Haliya leaders and Freed Haliya community members strongly felt a

need of additional key areas: (a) livelihood and health, and (b) capacity building of DMHSFs

and expansion of Free Haliya Groups. Most of the rights holders and stakeholders opined that

the key areas and approaches/guiding principles have been necessary, relevant, useful and

effective.

Outputs: Outputs produced by now by Mukti project, and its quality and timeliness, have

been significant. At the policy level, revised and almost final drafts of Forced Labor

Prohibition Bill, Freed Haliya Rehabilitation Modality and Three-Year Plan with approval of

the Ministry of Finance, and its Regulation, Extension of the Task Force, of the total 19,059

listed Freed Haliyas verification of 7,885 and distribution of ID cards to 4,579 Freed Haliyas

by mid-July 2013 and so on.

Fulfilment of the Project Objective: The MTR Team's view is that the overall objective of

the project, i.e. to contribute to full rehabilitation of Haliyas and enable them to enjoy their

human rights with respect and protection from the government and their communities has

been met in a significant way. Of the two specific objectives, increase capacity of RMHSF to

effectively lobby for the protection and fulfilment of Haliya human rights was met

significantly but the other objective, established and functioning mechanism for monitoring

and documenting Haliya human rights violation, both by 2014, was partially met, and more is

yet to be done and achieved in this second objective.

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Capacity Building of RMHSF: MTR is of the view that Mukti project has significantly

contributed in capacity building of RMHSF but its capacities to give strong leadership,

generating resources, building linkages with local and national Government, international

donors, including INGOs, and NGOs are weak.

Outcome Contributing to Impact: Mukti project has contributed significantly toward

achieving expected impact that 150,000 freed Haliya will be able to live a life in dignity and

enjoy their basic human rights, while an impetus will be created for any remaining families

who are still kept as Haliyas.

Sustainability:

Care Nepal's assistance through the Mukti project intended to generate strong advocacy for

policy changes and implementation of rehabilitation process through a strong movement led

by RHMSF. All 19 activities implemented were effective in achieving many successes such

as verification and distribution of identity cards, draft of the law and regulation, and approval

of the rehabilitation modality, but it was short of achieving completion of verification and

identification on time and implementation of rehabilitation program. MTR team is of the

view that as the Government has recently passed rehabilitation modality, rehabilitation of

those Freed Haliyas who have received their ID cards will begin, continue and complete

sooner or later, with or without support from Care Nepal.

As the Mukti project is not over yet, continuing support of Care Nepal to RHMSF is desirable

in policy dialogue relating to completion of verification of remaining Freed Haliyas,

distribution of ID cards to verified Freed Haliyas, and correction of mistakes done in

categorization of Freed Haliyas. For verification and distribution of ID cards, RHMSF need

to work closely with the Malpot (Land revenue) Office and the Chief District Officer (CDO)

in each of the 12 VDCs. In the case of inclusion of missed Freed Haliyas, RHMSF and

DHMSFs should mobilize Freed Haliy Groups to identify them. In those places where such

Groups are not formed, RHMSF and DHMSFs need to organize community meetings or send

teams to do so.

It is a fact in Nepal that the Government will not implement programs such as rehabilitation

of Freed Haliyas without support from international aid agencies. As the Freed Haliya

Rehabilitation Modality has been approved by the Government, several donors will be

involved in implementation of the Government approved rehabilitation modality with focus

on purchase of land, construction of house, enactment of the laws, formulation of policies,

developing data base, implementing programs for livelihood, providing education and

increasing access to services and social inclusion. Again, as the Mukti project is not over yet,

MTR team recommend using its remaining resources in close collaboration between RHMSF

and the Ministry of Land and Management to design a robust implementation guidelines

relating to purchase of land, construction of house, livelihood, education, health and other

services.

Further, the 19 activities implemented were also effective in making RHMSF sustainable as

an organization. Amended constitution, revised administrative and financial regulations, well

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developed strategic and advocacy plans, increasing networking with media, human rights

activists and civil society, and functioning monitoring mechanism have contributed for

sustainability of RHMSF as an organization fighting for securing the rights of Freed Haliyas.

RMHSF and DMHSF respondents opined that the positive results of the project are not likely

to be sustained once Care assistance terminates, Such a view needs to be understood in a

context. In Nepal most of the non-governmental organizations are induced by development

interventions and so they are totally dependent on donors. Social movements often rise with

support of its members and supporters. Many rights based movements are generated by non-

governmental organizations and/or social movements work like non-governmental

organizations when they need to mobilize resources from donors to intensify their

movements. In the case of Freed Haliya movement led by RHMSF, it originated with a strong

grassroots movement, but it needed donor's support to intensify its movement as its members

are able to contribute labor but not money to run their organization, i.e. RHMSF and

DHMSFs. Therefore, what is implied in their view is that they cannot frequently mobilize

leaders back and forth from districts to Kathmandu, organize workshops and interaction

programs frequently as needed, employ staffs and pay money to run the office. However,

MTR team is of the view that even if Care assistance terminates, RMHSF's strengthened

capacity manifested in lobbying with the central and local governments and also with

international development agencies, and trained and experienced human resources and

leadership with expanding external linkages, positive results of the project are likely to be

sustained. They are now in a position to carry out minimum advocacy campaigns, such as

formal and informal lobbying by meeting with the concerned Government officials

individually or by a delegation of leaders, press release, submitting memorandum,

demonstration in front of the concerned government offices, which do not require big money.

MTR team recommend the Mukti project, in its remaining period, to organize proposal

writing training to DHMSFs and Freed Haliya Groups so that they would be capable of

writing proposals for funding support from the Distrcit Development Committees (DDCs)

and Village Development Committees (VDCs). Also, lobbying needs to be done at he

Ministry of Land and Management to include a provision in the Rahbilitation Gudiline to

provide Government's financial support to RHMSF and DHMSF to help to implement

Rahabilitation modality in an effective way.

Existing problems in institutional structures of RMHSF, DMHSFs and Freed Haliya Groups,

magnitude of activities and resources, turnover of staffs, dependency of RMHSF, and

DMHSFs and low coverage of Freed Haliya by Freed Haliya Groups, high cost of activities

due to remoteness of the settlements of Freed Haliyas clearly indicate that Care Nepal, and

for that matter LWF and ILO also, need to continue to support until implementation of

rehabilitation completes.

LESSONS LEARNT

Lessons learnt includes lobbying for simultaneous works of verification and rehabilitation is

necessary to expedite the process; verification process and ID card distribution could be

completed if RMHSF provide necessary field staffs and financial resources to the District

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Task Force, specially to the Malpot (Land Revenue) Office; monitoring reports generated

news; it could have been even more effective if reports could have been shared with wider

stakeholders in the district and also at the center.

Other lessons learnt includes expectation of Freed Haliyas for their rehabilitation was raised

by all, including the Government and Mukti project, but lack of rehabilitation and immediate

support for livelihood raised more frustration to all Freed Haliyas; project without

harmonization of various efforts made by the Government and donors does not yield optimal

results; and same things in all districts may not be useful due to variation in structure and

access.

RECOMMENDATION

Recommendation for Immediate Necessary Follow Up by the Mukti Project of Care

Nepal

Support for completion of verification of the "Freed Haliyas": As the processes of

verification, classification and distribution of identity cards are not yet over and also listing of

those Freed Haliyas who were left out in the official list, to complete verification of

remaining Freed Haliyas listed by the Government and also to include those Freed Haliyas

who were left out in the list, the following activities, in close collaboration with LWF and

ILO, are required:

Continue support to RHMSF to work in close collaboration with the Malpot (Land

Revenue) Offices and Chief District Officers to continue and ultimately complete

field verification of and distribution of ID cards to remaining Freed Haliyas.

Provide support to RHMSF to work in close collaboration with DHMSFs to prepare a

list of Freed Haliyas who were missed in the Government's list.

Submit application for inclusion in the Government list at respective District

Administration Office and/or Malpot (Land Revenue) Office.

Media mobilization in the districts and in Kathmandu to highlight those cases.

Mukti project of Care Nepal HaKK of LWF and ILO need to share human and

financial resources and working districts to complete these activities.

Advocacy for correction of errors made by the Government in categorization of the

"Freed Haliyas": As the field visit by Monitoring Mechanism, human rights activists and

civil society leaders and news published in news papers clearly indicate that the current

classification is not fair as those Freed Haliyas who have no land/or house are categorized as

land/house owner, the following activities for policy advocacy are needed:

Provide support to RHMSF to do the following activities:

o Prepare and verify a list of Freed Haliyas who have been categorized wrongly

and suggest the appropriate categories;

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o RHMSF, in close collaboration with DHMSFs, file cases at the Malpot (Land

Revenue) Offices and Chief District Officers (CDOs) for necessary

corrections.

o Carry out dialogue with and exert necessary pressure to the Ministry of Land

Reform and Management in Kathmandu to initiate process to correct mistakes

done in the categorization, issue guidelines about it so that district level

Malpot (Land Revenue) Offices and Chief District Officers (CDOs) could

effectively carry out the work.

Lobbying for enactment of the Law and the Regulation: As the Bill is in the final stage

waiting for submission at and approval by the newly formed Constituent

Assembly/Legislature-Parliament; draft of Regulation is ready at the Ministry of Land

Reform and Management; and Freed Haliya Rehabilitation Modality has been approved both

by the Ministry of Finance and by the Council of Ministers, at present activities required for

final approval of the Bill and the Regulation important policy documents are:


(i) intensify final lobby with the central government, first at the Ministry of Land

Reform and Management, Ministry of Law and Justice, and ultimately at the Council

of ministers, by RMHSF in Kathmandu for its approvals;

(ii) intensify final lobby with the Constituent Assembly members, specially

Parliamentary committees of those political parties who are represented in the

Constituent Assembly, and also to central committees of politbureau of the main

political parties, namely, Nepali Congress, CPN-UML, UCPN-Maoist and Madhesi

political parties;

(iii) review final drafts of the Act and Regulation and lobby for necessary

amendments in favour of Freed Haliya; and

(iv) media mobilization to inform and exert pressure to the law makers and other

policy makers.

Policy dialogue on guidelines for effective implementation of Rehabilitation Modality

approved by the Government: As the Government has recently approved the Freed Haliya

Rehabilitation Modality, the following activity is required:

Provide support to RHMSF to do the following activity:

o Lobbying for issuance of some policy directives on purchase of land,

construction of house, livelihood, education, health and access to other

services.

o Organize workhops in close collaboration with the Ministry of Land and

Management to finalize the Guidelines.

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Resource mobilization: As RHMSF, DHMSFs and "Freed Haliya" groups needs to reduce

dependency with donors and as there are opportunities to tap accessible resources, following

activities are needed:

Provide support to RHMS to do the following activities:

o Provide training to prepare proposals for submission to the VDCs by "Freed

Haliya" Groups and to the DDCs by DMHSFs.

o Provide support to "Freed Haliya" Groups and DMHSFs develop proposals by

using the trained people and submit these to VDCs before the meetings of

Village Councils and to DDC before the meeting of District Councils

respectively to get support for programs as per their needs.

o Lobbying at the local governments, namely, DDCs, VDCs and District

Administration Office (DAO) to exert pressure to allocate budget for "Freed

Haliyas".

o Lobbying at the Ministry of Local Development to include "Freed Haliyas" in

the targeted groups to distribute 35% of the budget of DDCs and VDCs. as

most of the VDCs and DDCs have not allocated or taken bold initiative to do

so to "Freed Haliyas" from 35% of the budget money allocated for

development of women, Dalits, indigenous peoples, Madhesi, Muslims and

other marginalized groups or regular budget.

Recommendation to Care Nepal for Longer Term

Although this is a Mid-term Review, nevertheless the MTR team make following

recommendations to Care Nepal:

New project for Implementation of Freed Haliya Rehabilitation Modality and Action

Plan: As the Freed Haliya Rehabilitation Modality and Action Plan has been approved by the

Government and the process of implementation has started a new project with focus on policy

influence, advocacy, awareness raising, training, interaction, dialogues, field visits,

monitoring and documentation, public hearing on the following thematic areas of

implementation, Care Nepal's continued involvement by designing a new project is

recommended:

a. Land and Housing

b. Law, policy and data base

c. Livelihood

d. Formal and vocational education and access to public services including

health, and

e. Prevention and Social inclusion

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Use other Care Nepal projects to benefit "Freed Haliyas": Care Nepal may tune in

current or future projects that cover any of the 12 districts to give priority to "Freed Haliyas"

as its beneficiaries.

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1. BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES OF MID-TERM REVIEW (MTR)

1.1. Background of the Mid-Term Review

Haliya is a modern form of agrarian slavery practiced in Nepal, particularly in the Far and

Mid- Western Regions. Traditionally, the entire family of anyone who is unable to repay a

loan borrowed from a landlord would be kept as Haliya. In 2008, the Rastriya Mukta Hliya

Samaj Mahasangh ("Federation of National Haliya Liberation Societies", hereafter RMHSF),

launched a series of protests and presented 11 demands to the Government of Nepal (GoN)

and with mounting pressure from the international community, the government signed a five

point agreement with the RMHSF in 2008 that liberated the Haliya. A taskforce was

subsequently formed and submitted 10 recommendations to the Government. In line with

these recommendations, in 2010, the Ministry of Land Reform and Management (MoLRM)

put forward a draft ‘Haliya System (Prohibition) Bill’. In May 2011, partly due to RMHSF’s

pressure, the GoN issued ‘Freed Haliya Rehabilitation and Monitoring Guidelines’ and

established a taskforce to look into rehabilitation modalities and review the draft ‘Haliya

System (Prohibition) Bill.’ However, some progress has been made so far in reviewing and

finalizing the Bill, and the rehabilitation modality.

The slow progress in enacting the Haliya System (Prohibition) Act and in providing

immediate rehabilitation package to the Haliya can be attributed to a number of factors. First,

many political parties do not seem to have fully internalized the gravity of the situation.

Second, because 90% of Haliyas belong to the so-called low caste in the Hindu-based

hierarchy their concerns are often lumped into those of other “similar” groups such as

Kamaiyas, thus diluting the urgency for Haliya rehabilitation. Third, there is no

representation of Haliya at the national level, i.e. in the central executive committees of the

main or small political parties, Constituent Assembly and Legislature/Parliament, ministries,

and judiciary, so their issues are rarely raised in the parliament and in other high level

forums. Finally, and more importantly, the weak technical, managerial and leadership

capacity of Rastriya Mukta Haliya Samaj Mahasangh (RMHSF), the only agency in

advocating Haliya rights at the national level, has been a key hindrance.

The Mukti is an issues based project, executed by the Care Nepal and Rastriya Mukta Haliya

Samaj Federation (RMHSF) jointly with financial support of the European Union (EU) and

CARE Denmark. RMHSF is the key implementing agency, responsible for project planning,

implementation and monitoring. The project is mainly focused to strengthen the capacity of

RMHSF promoting and protecting human rights of Haliya so that they will be able to speed

up the finalization of the Haliya system (Prohibition) Acts. The expected impact of the

Project is that 150,000 freed Haliya will be able to live a life in dignity and enjoy their basic

human rights, while an impetus will be created for any remaining families who are still kept

as Haliyas.

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Mukti project has been implemented at the national level since January 2012 and the actions

are intended to fill the gap by linking the local level and situation of the Haliya with the

policy process at national level. The target groups of the project are RMHSF staffs and

members including women leaders and Haliya right defenders, executive from civil society

organization working on human rights, journalists and media organization representatives,

Freed Haliya Rehabilitation and Monitoring Taskforce (FHRMT), senior government

officials and political leaders.

Overall objective of Mukti project is "to contribute to full rehabilitation of Haliyas and enable

them to enjoy their human rights with respect and protection from the government and their

communities." The two specific objectives are (I) "Increase capacity of RMHSF to effectively

lobby for the protection and fulfillment of Haliya human rights"; and (II) "Established and

functioning mechanism for monitoring and documenting Haliya human rights violation, both

by 2014".

Expected results under the specific objective I are: (i) "Strengthened the capacity of RMHSF

in promoting and protecting human rights of haliya"; (ii) "Expanded engagement of RMHSF

with civil society and human rights organizations and other stakeholders to generate support

for Haliya rights", (iii) "Policy makers, planners and lawmakers are aware of the Haliya

issues", and (iv) "Suggestion collected and submitted for drafting the Act, policy and

procedural guidelines to address the issues of Haliya". Expected results under specific

objective II are: (i) "RMHSF mobilized constituencies to established mechanism at district

and national level to monitor, document and report Haliyas rights violations", and (ii)

"Increased coverage in the media on Haliya human rights topics". Mukti project intervention

has 19 key activities to achieve those specific objectives.

Right based approach, gender equality and social inclusion mainstreaming, capacity building,

constituency building and networking and non violent ways of conflict resolution approaches

are guiding principle in all activities, and are anticipated to ensure sustainability of the

activities even after the project completes.

As two years have already completed, it is a high time to review the progress in the last two

years and continue or redesign the strategies, approaches and activities for the third year.

1.2. Objective and Focus of Mid-Term Review

A Mid-Term Review (MTR) is intended to be a corrective mechanism that diagnoses the

problems presently faced by the project and suggests the necessary corrections to ensure the

achievement of project objectives. It is not meant to be a substitute for a technical review of

the project.

Rather than getting locked into just looking at targets against achievement, the MTR exercise

will take a step back and look at the effectiveness of the strategies for the following three key

areas:

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1. Policy influence

2. Monitoring of human rights violations

3. Capacity building of RMHSF

Also, make key recommendations for strategies going forward.





project goal.

The specific objectives of this review will be as follows:

i. To assess the achievements of the project against the context and the set

targets and provide appropriate suggestions to review the target if deemed

necessary.

ii. To assess the appropriateness of the project intervention strategies

(organizational set up and flow of the project activities/functions with an

identification of strong and weak aspects within this), methodology in terms of

its cost effectiveness, and sustainability and advise alternative ways if deemed

necessary.

iii. To document the major learning on achievements on outcome level changes

observed and strategies and approaches adopted such as policy influence,

Haliya rights violence Monitoring Mechanisms and other.

iv. To assess how project is helping to improve partner organizations' technical &

managerial capacities, transparency, accountability, inclusiveness, networking,

decision-making process, partnership, understanding about Rights Based

Approach (RBA).

v. To assess how much MUKTI’s work has owned the RBA to development

process in the program.

vi. To assess the risk and assumptions for its validation to the present context as

compared to the program development and inception period.

Approaches and methodology used to fulfil the objectives was decided the MTR Team (see

Annex-1 for approaches and methodology used).

1.3. Approaches and Methodology Used

The Project Team and the consultant/s worked together as a team during the Mid Term

Review (See TOR in Annex-1). The project team comprised Impact Measurement and

Learning Manager and Organizational Development specialist from CARE Nepal and

Program Manager and Documentation and learning officer from RMHSF. The Mukti team

was responsible for coordination with partner organizations and communities, joint meeting

for finalizing entire process (including questionnaire and tools development) and provided

feedback on report.

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The consultant in coordination with project team from central Mukti office was responsible to

design and develop Mid Term Review tools and techniques/methodologies, sample size to be

used in the review and preparation of the report. The consultant was responsible to develop

the appropriate methodology that ensured the successful achievement of the proposed

objective. Thus, all together developed entire process, conducted field survey, focus group

discussions, key informant interviews and case studies, data compilation and analysis, and

sharing of the draft and finalized report. The used methodology and study tools were shared

and approved by Care Nepal, RMHSF and MUKTI project team before implementation.

1.3.1.1. Sample districts

The MTR Team decided to carry out field work in three districts: (1) Bajura, (2) Doti, and (3)

Kanchanpur. Also, Interview with regional managers of both Care Nepal and Lutheran World

Federation (LWF) were done in Dhangadhi in Kailali district and interviews at the central

level was carried out in Kathmandu (See list of people contacted in Annex-3).

1.3.2. Sources of Data

Both primary and secondary sources of data are used.

1.3.2.1. Secondary sources: Review of relevant documents

Relevant documents of Mukti project were reviewed (See list of documents in Annex-2).

1.3.2.3. Primary sources

1.3.1.3.1. Focus group discussion (FGD): FGDs were carried out with the Key

implementing agency, RMHSF, Central Executive Committee and office staffs of the central

office in Kathmandu. FGDs in the three sample districts were carried out with the respective

Executive Committee of District Mukta Haliya Samaj Mahasangh (hereinafter DMHSF) (1 in

each district), District Level Task Force (1 in each sample district), Monitoring Mechanism

(1 in each sample district), Freed Haliya Groups (1 each in Bajura and Doti districts), women

members and leaders of the Haliya community (1 each in Doti and Bajura), representatives of

political parties (1 in each sample district), and representatives of media (1 in each sample

district) (See list of people contacted in Annex-3).

1.3.1.3.2. Interviews: Interviews were done with the central Level Task Force in Kathmandu

and the Ministry of Land Reform and Management in Kathmandu, District Development

Committee (DDC) (1 in each sample district), Village Development Committee (VDC) (one

in Bajura district), Regional Managers of Care Nepal-Regional Project Office and of the

Lutheran-Regional Project Office at Dhangadhi in Kailali district and National Project

Coordinator at International Labour Organization (ILO) in Lalitpur (See list of people

contacted in Annex-3).

Interviews with the leaders of RMHSF and DMHSFs and key informants were not possible

due to unavailability of their time in Dadeldhura due to their engagement in meetings and

trainings.

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1.3.1.4. Logistic support

CARE Nepal and RMHSF provided an information package comprising all relevant materials

related to the project available to the consultant prior to start of the study. Necessary

arrangements to collect information were made in the field by the Project staff and at the

centre by the consultant.

2. PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION Status of activities and quality of monitoring and backstopping of Mukti project in the last

two years are as follows:

2.1. Activities

Implementation status of 19 key activities is as follows:

(1) Organizational assessment of the RMHSF: Organizational assessment should have been

done before beginning capacity building activities but it was implemented after implementing

one capacity building activity, i.e. leadership training, due to delay in hiring of the staffs.

Though a bit late completion of organizational assessment, it indeed helped to amend the

constitution, revise administration and financial regulation, strengthen networking with

media, civil society, human rights activists and district chapter of Nepal Bar Association, and

formulate strategic and advocacy plans. Also, 40% representation of women has been ensured

in executive committee of the RMHSF. However, there is still a need to re-strengthen

RMHSF, on the one hand and also begin strengthening DMHSFs and Freed Haliyas Groups

who are lacking organizational capacity relating to management, networking, external

linkage, and advocacy. During field visit in Bajura, Doti and Kanchanpur, organizational

capacity of DMHSFs and Freed Haliya Groups of these districts were found to be weak.

(2) Training RMHSF on human rights instruments and minority rights: This activity was

executed on time. The trained people shared and used their knowledge and skills with other

colleagues and community members, warned those Freed Haliyas who continued bonded

labor to discontinue, encouraged some Freed Haliyas to file cases related to ID cards,

defamation, violence against women, polygamy and trafficking. Further follow up is needed.

(3) Capacity building on gender equality, gender-based violence (GBV) and social inclusion:

The training was appreciated by the respondents as many trainees were able to raise their

voice against gender discrimination and for gender equality in community forests, schools,

public places, family and communities. Trained Freed Haliya women very strongly

demanded that ID should be distributed in the name of women and land registration

certificates should be issued jointly in the name of husband and wife. They could have done

even better if there were enough financial resources.

(4) Policy dialogues: Policy dialogues, specially on identification, verification and

categorization of Freed Haliyas, enactment of the laws and rehabilitation modality, at the

national level was ineffective in 2012 as all the staffs of RMHSF was based in its headquarter

in Dadeldhura. After reactivating a contact office in Kathmandu and focusing both formal

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and informal, regular, lobbying activities by RMHSF contributed optimally by now in many

ways, including extension the term of the central task force, finalize the draft bill and the

rehabilitation modality with approval from the Ministry of Finance, and allocation of budget

in the Red Book for Freed Haliya rehabilitation. Similarly, the project has contributed much

in policy dialogues at the district level as well. Policy dialogues are needed as long as laws,

regulations are not enacted and rehabilitation modality is not implemented. Further, even

after enactment of laws and regulation and implementation of rehabilitation modality further

policy dialogues will be needed.

(5) Social audit: One social audit was done in the first year and another one was done in the

second year. Also, an orientation on social audit was given to enhance their capacity. Social

audits were of RMHSF.

(6) and (7) Leadership development training to RMHSF members and to Haliya women

leaders: The training to Haliya women was carried out on time but to RMHSF members it

was done in both first and second year. Respondents said that the trainings were good.

However, the trainees specially of RMHSFs were mobilized at the national level to some

extent at the local level as most of the trainees of DHMSFs did not go to villages as expected

due to lack of financial resources. Slackneess on the part of trained people need to be

understood in a wider practices prevalent in Nepal; some trainees get highly motivated to

work irrespective of financial rewards or not but many do not get motivated to work unless

they get money. The training beared fruits. For example, some of those trained leaders

contributed in distribution of ID cards in the name of women where their husbands are not

present, joint ownership of husband and wife on land and house to be provided by the

Government,

(8) Training of civil society and human right organizations: Instead of training, orientation

was given as the representatives of civil society and human rights organizations were capable

and had enough knowledge about advocacy but they lacked knowledge about issues of Freed

Haliyas. Though such training was implemented late, this activity went well after its

implementation. Respondents said that it has good effects in fact findings, exerting pressure

to local and also to national Government, and also in designing action plans.

(9) Field visits for government staff and lawmakers: It was implemented on time and all

concerned respondents said that the activity had positive results, such as public commitment

from the government officials and lawmakers who visited, improvement in verification

process by trying to rectify the problems encountered and later amendment on the Procedures

of the central Task Force, and helped to complete some incomplete tasks of the district Task

Force.

(10) Capacity building workshop for human right defenders: This activity was not very

effective though selection criteria were good and clear but some DMHSFs failed to send

participants who meet the set criteria such as involvement in the Freed Haliya movement and

ability to give time to participate in advocacy campaigns; as qualified persons were not

interested to join the workshop because of lack of financial incentives to participate in the

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workshop or of better opportunities elsewhere. As DHMSFs are required to send names of

the participants, those DHMSFs who had such problem send names of persons who do not

meet the set criteria but are either interested to participate or are requested by DHMSFs to

participate in the workshops. Lack of financial resources limited follow up activities by the

trained human rights defenders as they were unable to go to field using their own resources.

(11) Advocacy campaigns: In the first year, advocacy campaign was confined in the districts

with no effects at the Central Government, the campaign became very effective after

reactivation of contact office in Kathmandu. Some respondents, however, opined that

advocacy campaign could have been even more effective if the activists were pro-active and

self motivated to work hard as and when the situations demand rather than limit themselves

to scheduled campaign activities.

(12) Face-to-face interactions between politicians and the communities: This activity was

implemented on time and what was effective was strong commitments expressed by

politicians and what was not effective was its translation in practice; but efforts were made by

RHMSF to exert regular pressure to these political leaders through other activities that made

it somewhat effective.

(13) Orientation to the Freed Haliya Rehabilitation and Monitoring Task Force: This activity

was organized well on time and helped to revise rehabilitation modality. Some final advocacy

is still needed at the centre. Some respondents suggested that now it is high time to demand

for the Rehabilitation Commission.

(14) Interaction with legal experts: Mukti project started by implementing this activity.

RMHSF clarified its position relating to Haliya Prohibition Bill and Freed Haliya

Rehabilitation Modality. RMHSF submitted its instructional position on these two documents

to the Ministry of Land reform and management. Later, the Ministry ignored RMHSF to

involve in revision of the Bill but later RMHSF had interaction with legal experts and

resubmitted its position to the Ministry. Some of these positions were accepted by the

ministry and included in the draft Bill.

(15) Training on monitoring and documenting rights violations: This timely implemented

activity has been positive but due to lack of resources, both financial and human, the field

reportings have been nominal. Monitoring guideline has been prepared and it will help to

monitor and document human rights violations in an effective way. Sharing of reports of

human rights violations, for example, as done in Mahendranagar in Kanchanpur by the

Monitoring Mechanism Team during the field visit, need to be shared with stakeholders in

Kathmandu.

(16) Fact-finding missions with media engagement: Fact finding mission was more from

district Monitoring Mechanism and nominal from the central level. Media fully supported

both at the district and national levels and helped to bring news and views on Haliya issues

by both print and FM radio. Based on the information collected from FGD with media,

RHMSF and Mukti project staffs, the media coverage, both in the districts and in Kathmandu,

was fair.

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(17) Filing rights violation cases in the District Administration Office and courts and

following up the cases: By now 73 cases were filed at the District Administration Office and

one in the District Court. Of these, only 8 cases were decided in favour and 2 cases were

decided against. Many respondents said that the number of cases filed is very low as RMHSF

and DMHSFs could not intensify campaign at the local level to do so.

(18) Publication and dissemination of policy briefs related to marginalized communities,

human rights treaties, laws, and policies: RMHSF gave least priority to this activity because

of high priority to other pressing issues and activities. However, photocopies of important

policy were distributed widely. In the second year, RMHSF compiled existing laws and

policies and published in the form of a book.

(19) Public hearings: As face to face interaction was held frequently, RMHSF did not see a

need to implement this activity due to similarity in nature.

The MTR team is of the view that all parties were in full agreement on main issues involved

in project implementation, including advocacy on and support for verification, enactment of

law and implementation of rehabilitation modality, implementation of most of the 19

activities followed the initial project plan and schedule and a few were not done so due to

lack of organizational structure, financial and human resources, follow up mechanism and

understanding. All those activities that were implemented were by and large cost effective.

These activities could have been even more effective if the 3 project staffs at RMHSF office

were capable, committed and continued their full tenure.

The MTR team is of the view that the level of commitment to the Mukti project was

demonstrated by the Care Nepal and local and central government, in terms of staff, funds,

and general political support, has been strong. Delay in signing the agreement between

RMHSF and from Care Nepal for initial few months of Mukti project had delayed

implementation of some activities that were to be implemented in that period. Emphasis on

"management" with not much "flexible" funds required for intensive advocacy works have

often times limited the project performance. Some of the Mukti project staff were fully

involved but were not capable, and three other staffs had resigned and their positions are still

vacant. It, therefore, compromised performance of the project to some extent. Some

respondents said that the three staffs lacked work experience; hence they could not discharge

their performance in satisfactory ways. The three positions, Advocacy Officer,

Documentation Officer and Field Officer, are still vacant. What is worrisome is total

dependence of RMHSF and DMHSF staffs of the Mukti and/or the HaAK (Haliya and

Kamiaya Kamlari) projects. Given total dependence of RMHSF on both Mukti and HaKK

project staffs and DMHSFs on HaKK project staffs both RMHSF and DMHSFs and lack of

resource generation they would indeed be unable to continue in an effective way upon

termination of these projects. They can become independent only if they can intensify their

lobby at the local or central governments to allocate budget for their activities. Independence

from over dependency on staff could be gradually achieved by giving orientation and training

to newly elected executive committee members, forming a secretariat comprising 3 to 5

Executive committee members or some focal persons from those executive committee

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members who could afford time to look after the day to day works of RHMSF, and involving

and/or giving responsibility to each executive member in their preferred activities. Conflict

between previous and current leadership, though settled through dialogues, could have

negative effects in the performance of RMHSF if it should intensify for various reasons

including politicization.

Concerning the project's link to mainstream activities of the responsible agencies, mainly the

Task Force at the central and district levels, central and local governments or of other

agencies such as civil society organizations and donors, link was very strong with the Task

Force and central Government, modest with civil society organizations, very weak with local

government and donors, except Care Nepal, LWF and ILO.

Administratively and financially, Mukti has been managed in a satisfactory way. Although

Mukti project made many important achievements, major problems or constraints that

affected for successful implementation of its activities include lack of timely decision by

RMHSF, sometimes staffs were and are unable to implement decisions of the board in an

effective way , still vacant posts, lack of strong, effective structure at the district and village

levels, and also to some extent, due to long government holiday during Dasain and Tihar and

Constituent Assembly election held in November.

In the first year of the project, national level advocacy for policy changes was less effective

because of presence of all leaders and staffs of RMHSF in Dadeldhure. Lobbying, both

formal and informal, at the central level got intensified with very satisfactory results after

activation of contact office of RMHSF in Kathmandu. One of the structural constraint faced

by Mukti project that was beyond its control was highly unstable government, specially

changes in the Councils of ministers and dissolution of the first Constituent Assembly-cum-

Legislature-Parliament. During long absence of legislature-parliament, there was no

possibility of passing the laws, including Forced Labor Prohibition Law. The Government

could have come up with Ordinance that needs to be tabled in the Parliament within six

months of its enactment, but the Government was not interested in doing so due to fluid

political situation and uncertainties of Constituent Assembly election.

During one and a half year of the project, only one laptop and one desktop to run the project

limited its use by staffs and as a result timely write up of reports was not possible. Later, with

acquisition of 5 laptops, one desk top, two printers, and two cameras have solved equipment

related problem.

2.2. Quality of Monitoring and Backstopping

Internal monitoring and evaluation of Mukti project through annual review reflection, visit in

the field by the EU representative, project mid-term reflection, and a baseline study were

done. Based on these reviews, reflections and baseline study, contact office of RMHSF was

re-activated in Kathmandu to intensify its lobbying activities at the centre with very positive

results, and also action plan, advocacy plan and strategic plans were prepared and

implemented. Lack of capable staff responsible of Monitoring and Documentation and also

lack of monitoring skills of RMHSF leaders internal monitoring, this component of Mukti

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project needs to be further strengthened. Even external monitoring by Monitoring Mechanism

was nominal due to lack of terms of reference and necessary financial resources. Visit by

eminent national civil society leaders and human rights activists have helped to highlight

problems both at the local and national levels.

Complementary support was provided by two donors: (a) Lutheran World Federation (LWF)

with its HaKK in seven districts and Pahal in Kanchanpur district only, and ILO with focus

on the Bill/Law and Regulation. As Mukti project have its staff only at RMHSF but not at

DMHSFs, in all the activities of Mukti project carried out by DMHSFs, HaKK staffs, who are

staffs of DMHSFs, had to get involved. Such practices often created conflict of interest that

why should Lutheran World Federation (LWF) funded HaKK project's staff should do the

work of Care Nepal's Mukti project? What was indeed lacking was an effective coordinated,

harmonized effort among donors, namely, Care Nepal, LWF and ILO. LWF expected that

Mukti project could have arranged staffs, at least a social mobilizer in those seven districts

and some staffs at DMHSFs of other five districts. HaKK project does not cover five other

districts where there is no staff of DMHSFs. Mukti project's received complementary support

from very few NGOs, namely Informal Sector Service Centre (INSEC), who provided some

support such as text books, to children of Freed Haliyas. Due to regular sharings with the

other supporting agencies, relatively more at the regional level and less at the central level,

their works did not overlap with or impede the Care Nepal-supported Mukti project's

activities as LWF supported projects HaKK and Pahal focus on livelihood issues. Regular

and wider sharing at the central level would yield better results as the respective national and

international organizations will have better understanding of the needs and partnership and

also that each of them would be in a better position to provide instructions to their regional or

local office to supplement and complement each other's work.

The MTR team's view is that there is a need further strengthening of monitoring and

evaluation component.

3. PROJECT RESULTS

Project results with focus on relevance, outputs, fulfilment of the project objectives, capacity

building, outcome contributing to impact, and sustainability are as follows:

3.1. Relevance

The Mukti Project focused on three key areas, (i) policy influence, (ii) Haliya rights violation

Monitoring Mechanisms, and (iii) other (capacity building of Haliya Mahasangh) by adopting

five approaches/guiding principles, namely, (i) rights-based approach (RBA), (ii) gender

equality and social inclusion mainstreaming, (iii) capacity building, (iv) constituency building

and networking, and (v) non-violent ways of conflict resolution. All respondents univocally

said relevance, necessity, usefulness and need for continuation with intensification of all

these key areas and approaches/guiding principles. The project staffs, however, opined that

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the basic strategy of the project was based on the assumption that structures at district level,

i.e. DMHSFs, and in the villages, i.e. Freed Haliya Groups, are in place and well functioning

turned out to be problematic in implementing activities effectively. Although, DMHSFs in all

12 districts are in place but these organizations conspicuously lack capacity and resources.

The leaders of RMHSF, DMHSFs, and the staffs said that due to limited capacity of both

RMHSF and DMHSFs, and lack of human and financial resources they could form Freed

Haliya Groups in few VDCs and they have yet to bring a large number of Freed Haliyas

under the fold of Freed Haliya Groups.

Political leaders, Freed Haliya leaders and Freed Haliya community members strongly felt a

need of additional key areas: (a) livelihood and health, and (b) capacity building of DMHSFs

and expansion of Free Haliya Groups. Government officials at both centre and local levels

wanted to add key areas such as "hardware" or rehabilitation, including purchase of land for

100 Freed Haliyas with "Red Card" and house reconstruction of 200 Freed Haliyas targeted

this year. LWF staffs at the regional and local level and District Level Task Force members

strongly felt a need for the field level "Social Mobilizers" or "Field Workers" or "Volunteers"

to make activities more effective. The MTR Team is of the view that "Consortium" or "Joint

Venture" approach was conspicuously lacking in all these good efforts done by all actors.

Almost all the rights holders and stakeholders, who were involved or had implemented or

participated in one or more activities of the Mukti project, or as many of them knew that

those activities were of RMHSF or DMHSF with no knowledge of Mukti project, from local

to national levels with whom the MTR Team discussed in focus groups and interviewed

opined that all the activities implemented by the Mukti project were relevant, necessary and

effective but not sufficient, in terms of coverage of and focus on DMHSFs, Freed Haliya

groups, income generation activities, purchase of land and building house, and continuation is

needed until the freed Haliya verification and rehabilitation process get completed. The only

dissatisfaction, however, was expressed by the central Government officials saying that most

of the activities, except those on verification of freed Haliyas, are "soft activities" with no

concern over pressing needs of "hard activities, such as buying land and building houses.

During FGDs and interviews respondents pointed out the problems faced during

implementation of 19 activities that include lack of distribution of responsibilities, lack of

participation in decision making, lack of office staffs/field staff//social mobilizers/volunteers,

poor communication, internal conflicts for leadership, lack of policies, laws and directives of

the Government, and lack of funds.

Most of the rights holders and stakeholders opined that these approaches/guiding principles

have been necessary, relevant, useful, and effective. Many respondents highly appreciated

policy influence strategy by shifting focus at the local level to the central level through

establishing a contact office in Kathmandu was not only necessary and timely but also

particularly innovative. During FGDs and interviews respondents appreciated these strategies

and approaches/guidelines in terms of its necessity and relevance but some of them opined

that what has been lacking in these is rehabilitation with focus on livelihood or economic

well being, including income generation, land ownership and health, focus on grassroots level

12

implying DMHSFs and Freed Haliya Groups, and movement approach as opposed to Non-

Governmental Organization (NGO) approach.

3.2. Outputs

Outputs produced by now by Mukti project, and its quality and timeliness, have been

significant. At the policy level, revised and almost final drafts of Forced Labor Prohibition

Bill, Freed Haliya Rehabilitation Modality and Three-Year Plan with approval of the

Ministry of Finance, and its Regulation, Extension of the Task Force, of the total 19,059

listed Freed Haliyas verification of 7,885 and distribution of ID cards to 4,579 Freed Haliyas

by mid-July 2013, distribution of Freed Haliya cards to Freed Haliya women, revised

constitution of RHMMSF by ensuring 40% representation of women at the leadership and

regulations, beginning of tapping resources of DDCs and VDCs, networking with

stakeholders, specially, human rights activists, civil society leaders, highlight of Freed Haliya

issues mostly in the local and to some extent in national media, are indeed very significant,

though not optimal, outputs reckoned by all. However, all the efforts of the last two years did

not yielded the expected optimal outputs, i.e. enactment of the law and implementation of

Freed Haliya Rehabilitation modality but it has been very significant as it is very close to

achieving it.

3.3. Fulfilment of the Project Objectives

The MTR Team's view is that the overall objective of the project, i.e. to contribute to full

rehabilitation of Haliyas and enable them to enjoy their human rights with respect and

protection from the government and their communities has been met in a significant way. Of

the two specific objectives, increase capacity of RMHSF to effectively lobby for the

protection and fulfillment of Haliya human rights was met significantly but the other

objective, established and functioning mechanism for monitoring and documenting Haliya

human rights violation, both by 2014, was partially met, and more is yet to be done and

achieved in this second objective.

3.4. Capacity Building

MTR is of the view that Mukti project has significantly contributed in capacity building,

specially in enabling environment, institutional development and advocacy capacity, of

RMHSF but its capacities to give strong leadership, generating resources, building linkages

with local and national Government, international donors, including INGOs, and NGOs are

still weak. Capacity building in institutional development of DMHSFs and Freed Haliya

Groups are very weak due to taken for granted organizational strengths of these

organizations. Also, human resource development, in terms of capable staffs, and board

members of both RMHSF and DMHSFs, is weak. Therefore, Mukti project should shift its

focus from strengthening capacity of RMHSF only to strengthening of DMHSFs, with high

priority to four districts-Kailali, Surkhet, Humla and Jajarkot-and Freed Haliya Groups as

well. Strengthening of DHMSFs and Freed Haliya Groups is needed to successfully complete

not only identification and verification of freed Haliyas but also implementation of

rehabilitation programs,

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3.5. Outcome Contributing to Impact

MTR team is of the view that Mukti project had no significant unforeseen effects, positive or

negative. Mukti project has contributed significantly toward achieving expected impact that

150,000 freed Haliya will be able to live a life in dignity and enjoy their basic human rights,

while an impetus will be created for any remaining families who are still kept as Haliyas. The

impact on the RMHSF with the concerned Ministries, are mixed. The impact has been great

on the Ministry of Land Reform and Management and least with the Ministry of Finance and

Ministry Law and Justice. Changes in policies and practices, including extending the terms of

the Task Force, expediting process of verification, correcting errors in verification,

finalization of draft Bonded Labor Prohibition Bill and draft regulation, finalization of Freed

Haliya Rehabilitation Modality and Action Plan, allocation of budget for Freed Haliya

Rehabilitation in the Red Book and allocation of budget to some Freed Haliyas by some

VDCs and DDCs, have far reaching effects.

3.6. Sustainability

Care Nepal's assistance through the Mukti project intended to generate strong advocacy for

policy changes and implementation of rehabilitation process through a strong movement led

by RHMSF. All 19 activities implemented were effective in achieving many successes such

as verification and distribution of identity cards, draft of the law and regulation, and approval

of the rehabilitation modality, but it was short of achieving completion of verification and

identification on time and implementation of rehabilitation program. MTR team is of the

view that as the Government has recently passed rehabilitation modality, rehabilitation of

those Freed Haliyas who have received their ID cards will begin, continue and complete

sooner or later, with or without support from Care Nepal.

As the Mukti project is not over yet, continuing support of Care Nepal to RHMSF is desirable

in policy dialogue relating to completion of verification of remaining Freed Haliyas,

distribution of ID cards to verified Freed Haliyas, and correction of mistakes done in

categorization of Freed Haliyas. For verification and distribution of ID cards, RHMSF need

to work closely with the Malpot (Land revenue) Office and the Chief District Officer (CDO)

in each of the 12 VDCs. In the case of inclusion of missed Freed Haliyas, RHMSF and

DHMSFs should mobilize Freed Haliy Groups to identify them. In those places where such

Groups are not formed, RHMSF and DHMSFs need to organize community meetings or send

teams to do so.

It is a fact in Nepal that the Government will not implement programs such as rehabilitation

of Freed Haliyas without support from international aid agencies. As the Freed Haliya

Rehabilitation Modality has been approved by the Government, several donors will be

involved in implementation of the Government approved rehabilitation modality with focus

on purchase of land, construction of house, enactment of the laws, formulation of policies,

developing data base, implementing programs for livelihood, providing education and

increasing access to services and social inclusion. Again, as the Mukti project is not over yet,

MTR team recommend using its remaining resources in close collaboration between RHMSF

and the Ministry of Land and Management to design a robust implementation guidelines

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relating to purchase of land, construction of house, livelihood, education, health and other

services.

Further, the 19 activities implemented were also effective in making RHMSF sustainable as

an organization. Amended constitution, revised administrative and financial regulations, well

developed strategic and advocacy plans, increasing networking with media, human rights

activists and civil society, and functioning monitoring mechanism have contributed for

sustainability of RHMSF as an organization fighting for securing the rights of Freed Haliyas.

RMHSF and DMHSF respondents opined that the positive results of the project are not likely

to be sustained once Care assistance terminates, Such a view needs to be understood in a

context. In Nepal most of the non-governmental organizations are induced by development

interventions and so they are totally dependent on donors. Social movements often rise with

support of its members and supporters. Many rights based movements are generated by non-

governmental organizations and/or social movements work like non-governmental

organizations when they need to mobilize resources from donors to intensify their

movements. In the case of Freed Haliya movement led by RHMSF, it originated with a strong

grassroots movement, but it needed donor's support to intensify its movement as its members

are able to contribute labor but not money to run their organization, i.e. RHMSF and

DHMSFs. Therefore, what is implied in their view is that they cannot frequently mobilize

leaders back and forth from districts to Kathmandu, organize workshops and interaction

programs frequently as needed, employ staffs and pay money to run the office. However,

MTR team is of the view that even if Care assistance terminates, RMHSF's strengthened

capacity manifested in lobbying with the central and local governments and also with

international development agencies, and trained and experienced human resources and

leadership with expanding external linkages, positive results of the project are likely to be

sustained. They are now in a position to carry out minimum advocacy campaigns, such as

formal and informal lobbying by meeting with the concerned Government officials

individually or by a delegation of leaders, press release, submitting memorandum,

demonstration in front of the concerned government offices, which do not require big money.

MTR team recommend the Mukti project, in its remaining period, to organize proposal

writing training to DHMSFs and Freed Haliya Groups so that they would be capable of

writing proposals for funding support from the Distrcit Development Committees (DDCs)

and Village Development Committees (VDCs). Also, lobbying needs to be done at he

Ministry of Land and Management to include a provision in the Rahbilitation Gudiline to

provide Government's financial support to RHMSF and DHMSF to help to implement

Rahabilitation modality in an effective way.

Existing problems in institutional structures of RMHSF, DMHSFs and Freed Haliya Groups,

magnitude of activities and resources, turnover of staffs, dependency of RMHSF, and

DMHSFs and low coverage of Freed Haliya by Freed Haliya Groups, high cost of activities

due to remoteness of the settlements of Freed Haliyas clearly indicate that Care Nepal, and

for that matter LWF and ILO also, need to continue to support until implementation of

rehabilitation completes.

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4. LESSONS LEARNT

Respondents noted the following lessons learnt:

Policy influence

Lobbying for simultaneous works of verification and rehabilitation is necessary to

expedite the process.

Instead of distribution of identity cards in the VDC it would be more effective to do

so at the settlement or Ward level; a directive from the center is required to do so.

Verification process and ID card distribution could be completed if RMHSF provide

necessary filed staffs and financial resources to the District Task Force, specially to

the Malpot (Land Revenue) Office.

Distinction is required between Freed Haliyas who have been so for generations and

those who are new.

Lobbying for inclusion of Freed Haliyas who were missed out in the Government list

could delay completion of verification process and ultimately delay rehabilitation

process.

DDC and VDC did not allocate budget to Freed Haliyas because Freed Haliya Groups

and DMHSFs failed to submit proposals and also the Ministry of Local Development

failed to mention "Freed Haliya" as beneficiary in the District Grant Administration

Operational Guideline.

Problems in four categorizations were due to lack of lobbying to clarify criteria during

its implementation.

Same things in all districts may not be useful due to variation in structure and access.

Many "real Freed Haliya" were left out but "non-Freed Haliyas" were listed, verified

and they have received ID cards.

Monitoring

Monitoring reports generated news; it could have been even more effective if reports

could have been shared with wider stakeholders in the district and also at the center.

Monitoring Mechanism

Monitoring cannot be effective and without effective implementation of the guideline.

16

Sharing of reports in Kathmandu could be useful to draw attention of the central

government.

Tri-monthly review could be effective.

Monitoring raised expectations for finding solutions to problems but lack of follow up

resulted in allegations.

Donors

Donors working on or interested in Freed Haliya issues should form a "Freed Haliya

Thematic Group" to create synergy and harmonization.

Media

Media was more formal/superficial, less in-depth

In-depth, quality reporting on Freed Haliya issues is not possible without intensive

thematic training, skills, field study and resources.

Overall

Expectation of Freed Haliyas for their rehabilitation was raised by all, including the

Government and Mukti project, but lack of rehabilitation and immediate support for

livelihood raised more frustration to all Freed Haliyas.

RMHSF should not be very flexible in their demands with the Government; instead

they should maintain their strong position.

Project without harmonization of various efforts made by the Government and donors

does not yield optimal results.

5. RECOMMENDATION

5.1. Recommendation for Immediate Necessary Follow Up by the Mukti Project of Care

Nepal

5.1.1. Support for completion verification of the "Freed Haliyas": As the process of

verification, classification and distribution of identity cards are not yet over and also listing of

those Freed Haliyas who were left out in the official list, to complete verification of

remaining Freed Haliyas listed by the Government and also to include those Freed Haliyas

who were left out in the list, the following activities, in close collaboration with LWF and

ILO, are required:

17

Continue support to RHMSF to work in close collaboration with the Malpot (Land

Revenue) Offices and Chief District Officers to continue and ultimately complete

field verification of and distribution of ID cards to remaining Freed Haliyas.

Provide support to RHMSF to work in close collaboration with DHMSFs to prepare a

list of Freed Haliyas who were missed in the Government's list.

Submit application for inclusion in the Government list at respective District

Administration Office and/or Malpot (Land Revenue) Office.

Media mobilization in the districts and in Kathmandu to highlight those cases.

Mukti project of care Nepal HaKK of LWF and ILO need to share human and

financial resources and working districts to complete these activities.

5.1.2. Advocacy for correction of errors made by the Government in categroization of

the "Freed Haliyas": As the field visit by Monitoring Mechanism, human rights activists

and civil society leaders and news published in news papers clearly indicate that the current

classification is not fair as those Freed Haliyas who have no land/or house are categorized as

land/house owner, the following activities for policy advocacy are needed:


o Prepare and verify a list of Freed Haliyas who have been categorized wrongly

and suggest the appropriate categories;

o RHMSF, in close collaboration with DHMSFs, file cases at the Malpot (Land

Revenue) Offices and Chief District Officers (CDOs) for necessary

corrections.

o Carry out dialogue with and exert necessary pressure to the Ministry of Land

Reform and Management in Kathmandu to initiate process to correct mistakes

done in the categorization, issue guidelines about it so that district level

Malpot (Land Revenue) Offices and Chief District Officers (CDOs) could

effectively carry out the work.

5.1.3. Lobbying for enactment of the Law and the Regulation: As the Bill is in the final

stage waiting for submission at and approval by the newly formed Constituent

Assembly/Legislature-Parliament; draft of Regulation is ready at the Ministry of Land

Reform and Management; and Freed Haliya Rehabilitation Modality has been approved both

by the Ministry of Finance and by the Council of Ministers, at present activities required for

final approval of the Bill and the Regulation important policy documents are:


(i) intensify final lobby with the central government, first at the Ministry of Land

Reform and Management, Ministry of Law and Justice, and ultimately at the Council

of ministers, by RMHSF in Kathmandu for its approvals;

(ii) intensify final lobby with the Constituent Assembly members, specially

Parliamentary committees of those political parties who are represented in the

Constituent Assembly, and also to central committees of politbureau of the main

18

political parties, namely, Nepali Congress, CPN-UML, UCPN-Maoist and Madhesi

political parties;

(iii) review final drafts of the Act and Regulation and lobby for necessary

amendments in favour of Freed Haliya; and

(iv) media mobilization to inform and exert pressure to the law makers and other

policy makers.

5.1.4. Policy dialogue on guidelines for effective implementation of Rahabilitation

Modality approved by the Government: As the Government has recently approved the

Freed Haliya Rahbilitation Modality, the following activity is required:

Provide support to RHMSF to do the following activity:

o Lobbying for issuance of some policy directives on purchase of land,

construction of house, livelihood, education, health and access to other

services.

o Organize workhops in close collaboration with the Ministry of Land and

Management to finalize the Guidelines.

5.1.5. Resource mobilization: As RHMSF, DHMSFs and "Freed Haliya" groups needs to

reduce dependency with donors and as there are opportunities to tap accessible resources,

following activities are needed:

Provide support to RHMS to do the following activities:

o Provide training to prepare proposals for submission to the VDCs by "Freed

Haliya" Groups and to the DDCs by DMHSFs.

o Provide support to "Freed Haliya" Groups and DMHSFs develop proposals by

using the trained people and submit these to VDCs before the meetings of

Village Councils and to DDC before the meeting of District Councils

respectively to get support for programs as per their needs.

o Lobbying at the local governments, namely, DDCs, VDCs and District

Administration Office (DAO) to exert pressure to allocate budget for "Freed

Haliyas".

o Lobbying at the Ministry of Local Development to include "Freed Haliyas" in

the targeted groups to distribute 35% of the budget of DDCs and VDCs. as

most of the VDCs and DDCs have not allocated or taken bold initiative to to

do so to "Freed Haliyas" from 35% of the budget money allocated for

development of women, Dalits, indigenous peoples, Madhesi, Muslims and

other marginalized groups or regular budget.

19

5.2. Recommendation to Care Nepal for Longer Term

Although this is a Mid-term Review, nevertheless the MTR team make following

recommendations to Care Nepal:

5.2.1. New project for Implementation of Freed Haliya Rehabilitation Modality and

Action Plan: As the Freed Haliya Rehabilitation Modality and Action Plan has been

approved by the Government and the process of implementation has started a new project

with focus on policy influence, advocacy, awareness raising, training, interaction, dialogues,

field visits, monitoring and documentation, public hearing on the following thematic areas of

implementation, Care Nepal's continued involvement by designing a new project is

recommended:

f. Land and Housing

g. Law, policy and data base

h. Livelihood

i. Formal and vocational education and access to public services including

health, and

j. Prevention and Social inclusion

5.2.2. Use other Care Nepal projects to benefit "Freed Haliyas": Care Nepal may tune in

current or future projects that cover any of the 12 districts to give priority to "Freed Haliyas"

as its beneficiaries.

20

Annex-1. Terms of Reference (ToR) to undertake Mid-Term Review (MTR) of Mukti

Project

Background

Haliya is a modern form of agrarian slavery practiced in Nepal, particularly in the Far and

Mid- Western Regions. Traditionally, the entire family of anyone who is unable to repay a

loan borrowed from a landlord would be kept as Haliya. In 2008, the Federation of National

Haliya Liberation Societies (hereafter RMHSF), launched a series of protests and presented

11 demands to the Government of Nepal (GoN) and with mounting pressure from the

international community, the government signed a five point agreement with the RMHSF in

2008 that liberated the Haliya. A taskforce was subsequently formed and submitted 10

recommendations to the Government. In line with these recommendations, in 2010, the

Ministry of Land Reform and Management (MoLRM) put forward a draft ‘Haliya System

(Prohibition) Bill’. However, the Bill falls short of meeting Haliyas’ expectations in a

number of areas. In May 2011, partly due to RMHSF’s pressure, the GoN issued ‘Freed

Haliya Rehabilitation and Monitoring Guidelines’ and established a taskforce to look into

rehabilitation modalities and review the draft ‘Haliya System (Prohibition) Bill.’ However,

no substantial progress has been made so far in reviewing and finalizing the Bill, and in

providing the rehabilitation package.

The slow progress in enacting the Haliya System (Prohibition) Act and in providing

immediate rehabilitation package to the Haliya can be attributed to a number of factors. First,

many political parties do not seem to have fully internalized the gravity of the situation.

Second, because 90% of Haliyas belong to the so-called low caste in the Hindu-based

hierarchy their concerns are often lumped into those of other “similar” groups such as

Kamaiyas, thus diluting the urgency for Haliya rehabilitation. Third, there is no

representation of Haliya at the national level, so their issues are rarely raised in the

parliament and in other high level forums. Finally, and more importantly, the weak technical,

managerial and leadership capacity of RMHSF, the only agency in advocating Haliya rights

at the national level, is a key hindrance.

Mukti is an issues based project, executed by Care Nepal and RMHSF jointly with financial

support of EU and CARE Denmark. RMHSF is the key implementing agency, responsible for

project planning, implementation and monitoring. The project is mainly focused to strengthen

the capacity of RMHSF promoting and protecting human rights of Haliya so that they will be

able to speed up the finalization of the Haliya system (Prohibition) Acts. The expected impact

of the Project is that 150,000 freed Haliya will be able to live a life in dignity and enjoy their

basic human rights, while an impetus will be created for any remaining families who are still

kept as Haliyas.

The action of the project will be implemented at the national level and the actions are

intended to fill the gap by linking the local level and situation of the Haliya with the policy

process at national level. The target group of the project is RMHSF staffs and members

21

including women leaders and Haliya right defenders, executive from civil society

organization working on human rights, journalists and media organization representatives,

freed Haliya Rehabilitation and Monitoring Taskforce (HRMT), senior government officials

and political leaders.

Project intervention has 19 key activities. Right based approach, gender equality and social

inclusion mainstreaming, capacity building, constituency building and networking and non

violent ways of conflict resolution approaches are guiding principle in all activities, and are

anticipated to ensure sustainability of the activities even after the project completes.

Project objectives and expected results

Overall Objective

The overall objective of the project is to contribute to full rehabilitation of Haliyas and enable

them to enjoy their human rights with respect and protection from the government and their

communities.

Specific Objective

I. Increase capacity of RMHSF to effectively lobby for the protection and fulfillment of

haliya human rights;

II. Established and functioning mechanism for monitoring and documenting haliya

human rights violation, both by 2014.

Project’s Expected Results

Expected results under the specific objective1 are:

ER 1.1 Strengthened the capacity of RMHSF in promoting and protecting human rights

of haliya

ER 1.2 Expanded engagement of RMHSF with civil society and human rights

organizations and other stakeholders to generate support for Haliya rights

ER l.3 Policy makers, planners and lawmakers are aware of the Haliya issues

ER l.4 Suggestion collected and submitted for drafting the Act, policy and procedural

guidelines to address the issues of Haliya

Expected results under specific objective 2 are:

ER 2.1 RMHSF mobilized constituencies to established mechanism at district and

national level to monitor, document and report Haliyas rights violations

ER 2.2 Increased coverage in the media on haliya human rights topics.

Rational and Objective of Mid Term Review:

The Mukti Project has been designed to address the fact that previously, the findings from the

field level have not been fed into the draft Haliya System (prohibition) Bills, nor has the

voice of the Haliya been taken seriously enough to speed up the provision of a rehabilitation

22

package. Based on the assumption, Mukti has been implementing its activities from January

2012 and has completed more than one and half years of project implementation. Project

actions intended to fill the gap, by linking the local level and situation of the Haliya with the

policy process at national level. Therefore Project has planned to carry out a qualitative Mid

Term Review in far western region to central level, covering at least 4 districts [2 districts

from each; Hill and Terai] at regional level and KTM at central level to assess the relevance

and effectiveness of project strategies. The risks and assumptions in the logical framework

will be revalidated. This review is expected to bring out the achievements, impacts, gaps

identified, lessons learnt as well as recommendations for how to address the challenges faced

by the project. Apart from assessing the strategies and achievements of the project, this

review will also focus on identifying sustainability mechanisms that need to be in place and

work effectively when the project phases out in December 2014.





project goal.

The specific objectives of this review will be as follows:

vii. To assess the achievements of the project against the context and the set

targets and provide appropriate suggestions to review the target if deemed

necessary.

viii. To assess the appropriateness of the project intervention strategies

(organizational set up and flow of the project activities/functions with an

identification of strong and weak aspects within this), methodology in terms of

its cost effectiveness, and sustainability and advise alternative ways if deemed

necessary.

ix. To document the major learning on achievements on outcome level changes

(What happened? Who did it or contribute to it? How do we know this? Is

there supporting evidences? And why is this important?) observed and

strategies and approaches adopted such as policy influence, Haliya right

violence Monitoring Mechanisms and other.

x. To assess how project is helping to improve partner organizations' technical &

managerial capacities, transparency, accountability, inclusiveness, networking,

decision-making process, partnership, understanding about Rights Based

Approach (RBA).

xi. To assess how much MUKTI’s work has owned the RBA to development

process in the program.

xii. To assess the risk and assumptions for its validation to the present context as

compared to the program development and inception period.

Approaches and Methodology

The Project Team and the consultant/s will work together as a team during the Mid Term

Review. The project team comprises of Impact Measurement and Learning Manager and

Organizational Development specialist from CARE Nepal and Program Manager and

23

Documentation and learning officer from RMHSF. The Mukti team will be responsible for

coordination with partner organizations and communities, joint meeting for finalizing entire

process (including questionnaire and tools development) and provide feedback on report.

The consultant in coordination with project team from central Mukti office will be

responsible to design and develop Mid Term Review tools and techniques/methodologies,

sample size to be used in the review and preparation of the report. The consultant is

responsible to develop the appropriate methodology that will ensure the successful

achievement of the proposed objective. Thus, they will be responsible to develop entire

process, conduct field survey, focus group discussions, key informant interview and case

studies, data compilation and analysis, and sharing of the draft and finalize report. The

proposed methodology and study tools must be shared and approved by CARE, RMHSF and

MUKTI project team before implementation.

Tasks and Days

1. Desk Review CARE Nepal and RMHSF relevant documents. 2 days

2. Refine/elaborate indicators provided in the Project log-frame to make it operational,

determination of sample size by stakeholders/targets group and districts. 1 day

3. Transformation of indicators into questionnaire for different levels (RMHSF staffs

and members, Human Rights, Journalists and Media Organization, Freed Haliya and

Rehabilitation and Monitoring Taskforce, Political Leaders and District

Administration Office, District Land Reform and Management Office, District

Development Office, Ministry of Home Affairs, Ministry of Land Reform and

Management, Ministry of Local Development, Ministry of Finance). 2 day

4. Data collection at 4 sampled districts and Kathmandu. (10 + 5 days, respectively)

5. Data tabulation and analysis. 4 days

6. Draft report preparation. 4 days

7. Final report preparation. 1 day

8. Sharing of final report to relevant stakeholders. 1 day

Total = 30 working days

Team composition and competency

The midterm review will be led by an external consultant. The Team Leader should have

knowledge, skills and experiences on policy advocacy, right based approach, human right,

gender and social inclusion. And s/he must be familiar with Haliya issues. The team leader

will be supported by staffs from CARE Nepal (Impact Measurement and Learning Manager

and Organizational Development Specialist) and staff from partner organization (Project

Manager and Monitoring and Evaluation Officer of Mukti Project).

The Team Leader proposed for the MTR should have following competencies:

24

Having Master degree in development study, sociology, economic or equivalent and

having demonstrated consultancy experience in policy advocacy, right base approach,

human rights, gender and social inclusion.

Knowledge on advocacy framework and right based options particularly with

reference to Haliya’s right violation.

Knowledge on gender based violence and social inclusion.

Knowledge on rights based approach and advocacy and major policy issues

surrounding gender based violence and social justice.

Research and documentation skills.

Sensitive towards caste, religion, gender, culture and respect to the social diversity.

Have adequate experiences in conducting Project review and evaluation and preparing

report.

Deliverables

The expected deliverables from the proposed Mid Term Review are as follows:

Computerized data base from which information related to project indicators are

generated.

Preliminary finding report (Draft report): The consultant is responsible for submitting

the draft report in one hard copy and an electronic copy in CD for review to CARE

Nepal and RMHSF as per the agreed schedule.

One hard copies and soft copy of final midterm review report which is expected to be

included all comments and suggestion from respective person.

Formats and submission of the MTR report

Report must be according to the CN policy. It includes;

Name of project and country, PN (Project Number), dates project was operating and

date of evaluation;

Names and contact information of those conducting the MTR, including external

consultant.

Executive summary 2-3 pages.

Principal findings, including lessons learned that could be useful to the wider CARE,

RMHSF and development community, and recommendations for future programmes/

projects.

The narrative of the report must be supported by tables, graphs and photographs in

appropriate sections.

25

The report should be concise and easy to understand.

Annexes, at minimum, should include:

Terms of Reference;

Study methodology, including key research questions or hypotheses,

operationalization of key concepts, sampling strategies, and data analysis procedures;

Data gathering instruments (observation guides, surveys, focus group discussion

guides, etc.);

The Consultant should first submit the draft MTR report to review by CARE Nepal and

Mukti Project staffs. The comments on draft report from CARE and Mukti Project staffs will

be incorporated into the final version of the report.

Timeframe and duration of the survey

The consultant will provide 30 full days service to complete the study. The survey work will

start by 15 December 2013 and completed by 15 January, 2014.

The tentative schedule activities are as follows:

Activities Week

1 2 3 4 5

Desk review to understand the

Projects objectives, issues and tasks

X

Develop data collection tools X

Data collection X x

Data processing, analysis x X

Report preparation and

dissemination

X x

Logistic support

CARE Nepal and RMHSF will make an information package comprising all relevant

materials related to the project available to the consultant prior to start of the study.

Necessary arrangements to collect information will be made in the field by the Project staff

and at the centre by the consultant oneself.

26

Logistic expenses (transport, accommodation and DSA) will be provided as per CARE Nepal

norms to the consultant. Since all logistic expenses will be borne by CARE Nepal consultant

only need to quote his/her total fee amount in the LOI to accomplish the task.

Coordination and communication

The MTR study team leader will closely work with Indu Panta Ghimire, Gender and Social

Inclusion Coordinator. The team leader will have close coordination with Ram Sharan

Pyakurel, Area Program Manager of FWRO. Consultation meetings will be held with CD,

ACD, PDC and GSIC as necessary. Similarly it will also make necessary coordination with

the partner organizations in respective district and central level.

Indu Panta Ghimire 01-5522800 [email protected]

Amaleshwar Singh 01-5522800 [email protected]

Ram Sharan Pyakurel 091-526119 [email protected]

Ram Prakash Singh Danuwar 01-5522800 [email protected]

Ananta Yatri BK 01-5549343





27

Annex-2. List of documents reviewed

1. Donor guidelines for the call for proposals

2. Mukti Project Document

3. Baseline survey Report

4. CARE Nepal's Strategic Plan

5. RMHSF Strategic Plan

6. RMHSF Advocacy Plan

7. Document related to Haliya Movements and Progress like

8. 11 Point Demand Submission to Government of Nepal,

9. 5 Points Agreement Between Government of Nepal and RMHSF,

10. 10 Point Recommendation by Haliya Rehabilitation Monitoring Taskforce (HRMT.

11. Documents related to Freed Haliya Rehabilitation and Central Monitoring Task

Force/Ministry of Land Reform and Management.

12. Documents related to National and International Laws/Human Right Women's

Empowerment

13. CARE Nepal Mission Level Indicators

14. Other Relevant Documents

28

Annex-3. List of people contacted

FGD with Media at Martadi in Bajura District

1. Arjun Shah, Chairperson, Nepal Journalist Association-Bajura; Representative of

Kantipur

2. Nahakul Joshi, News Chief, Radio Paurakhi

3. Chandraraj Giri, Representative, Civil Society

4. Prakash Bahadur Singh, Stringer Reporter, The Himalayan Times

5. Gagan Bahadur Edi, Vice-Chairperson, Nepal Journalist Association-Bajura; Reporter,

AVC Television

6. Suryalal Giri, Reporter, Avenues Television

7. Tularam Jaisi, Station Manager, Radio Bajura

8. Krishna Wali, News Chief, Radio Bajura , Reporter, Nagarik Daily

FGD with the Mentoring Mechanism at Martadi in Bajura District

9. Arjun Shah

10. Balaram Jaisi

11. Krishna Wali

12. Sher Bahadur Shahi

13. Sushila Raule

Interview with the District Development Committee (DDC) at Martadi in Bajura District

14. Bishnu Dutta Ghimire, Local Development Officer (LDO)

15. Bharat Bahadur Singh, Subba, Planning Section

FGD with the District Task Force at Martadi in Bajura District

16. Jaya Bahadur Hitan, Assistant Chief District Officer (CDO)

17. Hiralal Joshi, Chief, Malpot (Land Revenue) Office

29

18. Tika B.K., Representative of DMHSF

19. Nanda Bir Singh, Secretary, DMHSF

FGD with the leaders of Political Parties at Martadi in Bajura District

20. Padam Baduwa, Member, Member, District Committee, Nepali Congress

21. Gagan Rawal, Under-Secretary, District Committee, CPN-UML

22. Binita B.K., Secretariat Member, District Committee, UCPN-Maoist

23. Samana Singh, District Committee, UCPN-Maoist Member

24. Bhupendra B.K., Secretary, CPN-Maoist

FGD with the Ratuda Freed Haliya Group in Martadi in Bajura District

(None are in the Government's list of Freed Haliya)

25. Rupa Chandara, Charperson

26. Jogi Lohar, Secretary

27. Saunre Lohar, Member

28. Gacche Lohar, Member

29. Bimala B.K. , Member

30. Mana Lohar, , Member

31. Hira Chandara, Member

32. Juna Chandara, Member

33. Mata Lohar, Member

34. Dhan Bahadur Lohar, Member

FGD with DMHSF and staffs at Martadi in Bajura District

35. Nanda Bir B.K., Secretary

36. Hindu CKandara, Member

37. Tika B.K., Program Coordinator, HaKK

30

38. Dabbal B.K., Facilitator, HaKK

39. Nirmala Deuba, Accountant

40. Hikmat Thapa, JTA

FGD with Freed Haliya Group at Barpata VDC in Doti District

41. Jaya Damai, Chairperson (Brown ID Card)

42. Raju Nepali, Secretary (Brown ID Card)

43. Kali Kami, Joint-Secretary (Brown ID Card)

44. Mandira Kami, Treasurer (Brown ID Card)

45. Mahamati Kami, Member (Red ID Card)

46. Sharma Kami, Member (Brown ID Card)

47. Bato Kami, Member (Brown ID Card)

48. Batai Nepali , Member (Brown ID Card)

49. Kani Nepali, Member (Red ID Card)

50. Dhauli Kami, Member (Brown ID Card)

51. Chundara Kami, Member (Brown ID Card)

52. Meena Nepali, Member (Brown ID Card)

53. Jalu Nepali, Member (Brown ID Card)

54. Naina Kami, Member (Brown ID Card)

55. Kalawati Nepali, Member (Brown ID Card)

56. Nar Kami Naina Kami, Member (Brown ID Card)

57. Kalawati Nepali, Member (Brown ID Card)

58. Laxmi Nepali Naina Kami, Member (Brown ID Card)

59. Suntali Kami Naina Kami, Member (Brown ID Card)

60. Sher Bahadur Nepali (Brown ID Card)

61. Shanta Kami, Member (ID card in the process)

62. Suna Nepali, Member (Arrived from India to take ID Card)

31

63. Kumle Kami, Member (ID card in the process)

64. Paru Kami, Member (ID card in the process)

65. Putali Nepali (ID card in the process)

66. Dhauli Kami, Member (Not in the list of Freed Haliya)

67. Chyante Chunara (Not in the list of Freed Haliya)

68. Mathura Lohar, (Not in the list of Freed Haliya)

69. Dambar Bhool, Facilitator, DMHSF

FGD with DMHSF and staffs at Silgadhi-Doti in Doti District

70. Ratna Bhadur BK, Member

71. Naru Parki, Member

72. Kunti Auji, Member

73. Ram Bahadur Sarki, Member

74. Gorakh Sarki, Coordinator, HaKK

75. Karna Chandara, Facilitatror

76. Dambar Bhool, Facilitator

FGD with political leaders at Silgadhi-Doti in Doti District

77. Kumar Singh Tailor, Representative, Nepali Congress

78. Narad Malasi, Member, Seti zone Coordination Committee, CPN-UML

79. Bharat Bahadur Bohara, Representative, Set-Mahali State Committee, UCPN-Maoist

Joint FGD with the Monitoring Mechanism and Media at Silgadhi-Doti in Doti District

80. Ram Hari Ojha, Member (Editor, Bimba Weekly)

81. Karna Chand, Member (Executive Editor, Samadisha Weekly)

82. Nava Raj Joshi, Member (Executive Editor, News Force Weekly)

83. Mina Auji, Member (Coordinator, Safe House)

32

84. Gorakh Sarki, Member-Secretary

Interview with the Chair of the District Task Force at Silgadhi-Doti in Doti District

85. Dipak Kafle, Chief District Office (CDO)

FGD with the District Task Force and Field Verification Team at the Malpot (Land Revenue)

Office at Silgadhi-Doti in Doti District

86. Aram Bikram Shah, Chief

87. Tulasi Prasad Joshi, Naya Subba

88. Ram Krishna Singh, Nayab Subba

89. Sunil Sagar Joshi, Naya Subba

90. Dipak Nagarkoti, Khardar

FGD with DMHSF at Mahendranagar in Kanchanpur District

91. C. P. Luhar, Chair

92. Anta Ram Od, Secretary

FGD with Media at Mahendranagar in Kanchanpur District

93. Chitrangad Thapa, Coordinator, Far-West Bureau, Kantipur

94. Ganesh Dutta Bhatta, District News Correspondent, Karobar Daily

95. Prakash Bhatta, Reporter, Angel Times

96. Suresh Palpali, Reporter, Shuklafanta FM

97. Bikram Giri, Reporter, Nagarik Daily

FGD with Mentoring Mechanism at Mahendranagar in Kanchanpur District

98. Bhagwati Thapa, Coordinator

99. Naresh Silal, Member

100. Naru Singh, Member

33

101. Bhuvan Kunwar, Member

FGD with political leaders at Mahendranagar in Kanchanpur District

102. Ganesh Bahadur B.K., Regional Bureau Member, State Committee, UCPN-Maoist

103. Nara Bahadur B.K., Member, Zonal Committee, CPN-UML

104. Bhojraj Bohara, District Secretary, Nepali Congress

Interview with Member-Secretary of the District Task Force at Bhasi at Mahendranagar in

Kanchanpur District

105. Dharmanand Bhatta, Chief, Land Reform Office

Interview with Regional Coordinator of the LWF at Dhangadhi in Kailai District

106. Hari Awasthi

Interview with Regional Coordinator of the Care Nepal at Dhangadhi in Kailai District

107. Ram Sharan Pyakurel

Interview with the Central Task Force and Ministry of Land Reform and Management at

Singha Darbar in Kathmandu

108. Laxman Kumar Hamal, Under-Secretary

Interview with immediate past National Project Manager, Mukti Project

109. Ananta Yatri

Interview with ILO at Nayabato in Lalitpur

110. Bharati Sharma Pokharel, Immediate Past National Coordinator, Bonded Labor,

Application of International Standards, currently National Project Coordinator, Safe

Migration

FGD with RMHSF and staffs at Jhamiskhel in Lalitpur

34

111. Mohanlal Sarki, Chairperson

112. Maya Nepali, Vice-Chairperson

113. Iswar Sunar, General Secretary

114. Janaki Luhar, Treasurer

115. Bhuvan Tamrakar, Secretary

116. Kaluram Mahar, Member

117. Parbat Sunar, Member

118. Manbahadur B.K., Member

119. Balbahadur Nepali, Member

120. Balaram Bhattarai, Advocacy Coordinator

Key Informant Interview at Nayabato in Lalitpur

121. Dambar V.K., Ex-Chairperson, RMHSF