final proof print book 02 -...
TRANSCRIPT
orejka Ôú;fhka iu;a lrjk i¾jdxYSh wOHdmkhla i|yd ux fm;
wïmdr wOHdmk l,dmfha m%d:ñl wxYfha m%ldYkhlsm<uqjk uqøKh
fojk uqøKh i|yd Tfí woyia wïmdr l,dm wOHdmk ld¾hd,fha m%d:ñl wxYhg ,nd fokak'
[email protected] 063 222 2139¦ 071 806 3820
fojk fY%aKsh
zziEu orefjl= u Tm l< hq;= ueKsllsZZf;aud lr.;a
yd,xldfõ wOHdmkh ms<sn| cd;sl wruqKq j,ska yd tA wkqidrfhka
ieliqkq úIh ud,dfjka wfmalaId flfrk
ls%hdldrlï uq,a lr.;a jQo" ksmqK;d mdol jQo YsIH flakaøSh jQo wOHdmkhla
kef.kysr m<df;a iEu orefjl=g u ,nd§u i|yd jQ wOHdmk ixj¾Okie,eiaula m%:ufhka wïmdr l,dmfha w;ayod n,d l%shd;aul lsÍugwm wOHdmk l,dm ld¾hd,fha l%shd uQ, lñgqj yd tlaj l%shd l<
úÿy,am;sjreka yd .=re Nj;=ka fj; idorfhka msß kefï'
—ish¨ u <uhska iycfhka hym;a .=Kdx. Wreu fldg
WmÈ;s' mßirfha yd jeäysáhkaf.a jerÈ n,mEï ksid tA
hym;a .=Kdx. úkdY úh yel' <uhskaf.a tu hym;a
.=Kdx. wkdjrKh fldgf.k j¾Okh lsÍu yd tu.ska
tu <uhska ;ukag iqúfYaI jQ wkkH;djla iys;
mqoa.,hka njg .;a lsÍu .=rejrhl=f.a j.lSuhs'˜
;u wdorKSh .=rejrhd jQ fldnhdIs uy;df.a wOHdmk o¾Ykh ms<sn|j —fgdÜfgda pdx˜ fmdf;al;=jßh jk fgÜiqflda l=frdhdk.S ;u fmrjofkka meyeÈ,s lrhs' ^uQ,dY%h( uq,af,aßhdfõúfÊiQßh .%ka: flakaøh u.ska m< flreKq ,S,dkkao .udÉÑ f.a zyß mqÿu biafldaf,aZ hkmßj¾;kfha 2003 fojk ixialrKh&
m<d;a wOHdmk weu;s;=udf.a mKsúvh
wOHdmkfha w¾nqoh
ixLHd f,aLkj,g wkqj" Y%S ,xldfõ mdi,a wOHdmk moaO;sh Èjhsk mqrd me;sreKq mdi,a 9731lska iukaú;
fõ' ksis mqyqKqjla ,enQ .=rejrekaf.a m%;sY;h 97] blaujd we;s w;r 19(1la jk mßÈ by< u ;,fha isiq .=re
wkqmd;hla o mj;S' kuq;a tu moaO;sfha M,odhS;djh .ek wmg lsis fia;a i;=gq úh fkdyels h' m<uqjk
jifrka mdi,g we;=<;aj idudkH fm< iy;slhla fyda Ôjk l=i,;djla ke;s j ;uka mrdð;hka f,i
is;df.k iudchg tla fjk ;reK m%;sY;h ishhg mkylg wdikak h' ta w;r u idudkH fm<ska
wk;=rej Wiia fm< o iu;a jQ ;reK ;reKsfhda wdKavqfõ wdh;khl w;=.dk riaidjla fyda b,a,d
foaYmd,k kdhlhka miafika h;s' úNd. iu;a j fyda wiu;a j j;auka wOHdmkh ;=<ska iudchg odhl
lrkafka fujeks Ôú;h wiu;a jQ mrïmrdjls' iudch mqrd wixh; nj" fn,ySk nj yd §k nj m%p,s;
fjñka mj;S' thg fya;= îch o fï w¾nQoldÍ wOHdmkhhs'
w¾nqohg fya;=j
wOHdmkfha fuu w¾nQohg uQ,sl fya;=j jkafka wOHdmkfha id¾:l;ajh hkq úNd. ch .ekSu muKlauh
hk iudc iïu;hhs' ta iïu;h ksid u mdie, hkq úIh oekqu fmdjk kSri ;ekla njg m;a ù we;'
orejl=f.a jákdlu úIh oekqu ioyd ,sÅ; úNd.hlska ,efnk ,l=Kqj,g ,>q ù we;'
w¾nqofha ksjdrKh
w¾nqofha ksjdrKh hkq iEu orejl=gu ;u iyc yelshdjka úlis; lr .ekSu ;=<ska wNsudkj;a jQ o
wkd.; wNsfhda. ch .ekSug Yla;shla we;s jQ o hym;a mqrjeisfhl= f,i iudchg msúiSfï yelshdj ,nd
fok i¾jdxYSh wOHdmkhlg wjia:djla ,nd §u h'
2013 jir uq, isg mj;ajk ,o l%shduQ,sl m¾fhaIKhl yd ta iu.dó j wïmdr l,dmfha mdi,a moaO;sfha
úÿy,am;sjreka" .=rejreka yd foudmshka iu. flreKq ixjdo ud,djl m%;sM,hla f,i t<s olajk fuu
fmd;a fmf<a wruqK tjeks i¾jdxYSh wOHdmkhla i|yd ux fm; úia;rd;aul j olajd ,Suhs' tu l%shd uQ,
m¾fhaIK l%shdj,shg iyfhda.h ÿka m<d;a wOHdmk f,alï tka' ta' ta' mqIaml=udr" m<d;a wOHdmk wOHlaI
tï'à'ta' ksidï" w;sf¾l m<d;a wOHdmk wOHlaI v.a,ia rKisxy" m<d;a m%d:ñl ksfhdacH wOHdmk
wOHlaI iS' î' à' l=udßydñ" wïmdr l,dm wOHdmk wOHlaI tï'fla'mS' iqks,a .=K;s,l" ksfhdacH wOHdmk
wOHlaIsld tia' wd¾' yika;s yd m%d:ñl iyldr wOHdmk wOHlaI Ô'tÉ' fm%aur;ak hk uy;au
uy;aókag;a"wïmdr l,dmfha fldÜGdi wOHlaIjreka" .=re WmfoaYljreka" úÿy,am;sjreka yd m%d:ñl
.=re Nj;=kag;a" úfYaIfhka u" tu m¾fhaIKh l%shdj,sfha m%Odk;ajh oerE m%Odk m¾fhaIsld wdpd¾h
iqcd;d .uf.a uy;añhg;a" uq¿ l%shdj,sh i|yd oejeka; lem lsÍula l< hym;a wOHdmkhla i|yd jQ
ck;d jHdmdrfha Wmd,s pkaøisß uy;dg;a uf.a yDohdx.u ia;=;sh fuhska mqo lrñ'
úÿy,am;sjreks" .=rejreks" fuu fmd;a fm< mßYS,kh lrñka ks¾udKYS,S f,i tajdfha wvx.= Wmfoia
l%shdjg fhdokak' wïmdfrka mgka f.k uq¿ rgg u wdo¾Yhla jk fia kef.kysr m<d; mqrd u l%shd;aul
jk wOHdmk mqkreohl kshuqjka jkak'
úu,ùr Èidkdhl
kef.kysr m<d;a wOHdmk wud;H
iii
m<d;a wOHdmk f,alï;=udf.a mKsúvh
kef.kysr m<d;a wïmdr wOHdmk l,dmfha úÿy,aj, m%d:ñl wxYfha úêu;a jHdmD;shla f,i l%shd;aul
jk fuu jevigyk .ek uu w;sYhska i;=gg m;afjñ'
foudmshka úiska ;u orejkag úNd. flakaø lr .ksñka úIh oekqu muKla ,nd §ug keUqre ùu ;=<
isÿjk jHikh iq¿mgq fkdfõ' orejkag ;u <ud ld,fha §" m%S;sh N=la;s ú§ug yd id¾:l;ajh w;aoelSug
wjia:d iïmdokh lsÍu Tjqkaf.a mQ¾K ixj¾Okhg w;sYhska jeo.;a nj wOHdmk{hska úiska o fmkajd §
we;'
wïmdr l,dmh ;=< l%shd;aul fuu jevigyk orejkag jvd m%dfhda.sl yd t<suyka ia:dkj, m%S;sh N=la;s
úÈñka iDcq w;aoelSï ,nd.ekSug wjia:d i,id fok tlls' fï i|yd úÿy,am;sjre yd .=reNj;=ka n,.;=
lsÍu" foudmsh odhl;ajh ,nd.ekSu fjkqfjka Tjqka oekqj;a lsÍu" fuu m¾fhaIK lKavdhu úiska lr
we;' orejdg úIh ksmqK;d ,nd fok w;r u jvd m%n, f,i mqoa., ksmqK;d yd mqrjeis ksmqK;d ,nd
§ug .;a fuu W;aidyh b;d w.h lrñ'
Èkm;d j¾Okh fjñka isÿ jk iudc wmrdO" uxfld,a,lEï" <ud wmpdrj, uQ, îc is|,kq jia m%d:ñl
wxYfha isg u fï isÿ lsÍug hkqfha oejeka; iudc fYdaOk l%shdj,shls'
orejkag wd;au Yla;sfhka yd wd;au wNsudkfhka hq;=j wkd.;hg mshukskakg wjia:d iïmdokh i|yd
fï .;a W;aidyfha § fuys mqfrda.dó jQ .re kef.kysr m<d;a wOHdmk wud;H úu,ùr Èidkdhl ue;s;=ud
we;=¿ odhl jQ ish¨ fokdg u udf.a f.!rjh iy ia;=;sh mqo lrñ'
tka' ta' ta' mqIaml=udr
m<d;a wOHdmk f,alï
iv
v
m<d;a wOHdmk wOHlaI;=udf.a mKsúvh
—cd;sl ksIamdokh i|yd wjYH ksmqK;d iys; mrïmrdjla odhl lrùu˜ hk kef.kysr m<d;a wOHdmk
oelau jvd;a idlaId;a lrkqq msKsi wïmdr l,dmfha l%shd;aul jk fuu jHdmD;sh ms<sn`oj i;=g m< lrñ'
<ud ñ;=re mdi,a moaO;shla ia:dms; lsÍu ;=<ska iEu isiqfjl=g u mdi, m%sh ckl ùu;a" bf.kqï b.ekaùu
l%shdj,sh isiqkag mS%;su;a yd ;Dma;su;a f,i isÿ lsÍu;a we;=`t j wfkl=;a udkj,g wkql+, wjYH;d
iemsÍula m<d; ;=< isÿfjñka mj;S' tjeks wjia:djl .=re ud¾f.damfoaY ix.%yj, we;s uÕ fmkaùïj,g
wkql+, j isiqkaf.a ks¾udKd;aul Ñka;kh" iudc l=i,;d yd fm!reI ,laIK f.dv ke.Sug"
yev.eiaùug wjYH miqìu fuu l%shd;aul jevigyk ;=<ska jvd;a m%n, j ,nd fohs'
wOHdmk .=Kd;aul ixj¾Okfha § jvd id¾:l jQ w;aoelSï yd hym;a jHjydr wka úÿy,aj, .=reNj;=ka"
úÿy,am;sjreka yd fnod .ekSu fuu jevigyk ;=< oelsh yels hym;a ,laIKhls' .=re wdl,amj, oeä
fjkila isÿ lrñka m%d:ñl mka;s ldur m%S;su;a yd i;=áka msß ukilska hq;= läir j orejka .ejfik
m¾fhaIKd.dr njg m;a lrñka wOHdmk m%;sixialrKj, § n,dfmdfrd;a;= jQ ienE fjki we;s lsÍug
.kakd jQ jHdhduhla f,i fuu jev igyk yÿkajd foñka" fuh l%shd;aul lsÍug l;sldj;lg uq, msrE
.re kef.kysr m<d;a wOHdmk wud;H úu,ùr Èidkdhl ue;s;=udg wjYH jQ iyh iy uÕ fmkaùu
fkdwvqj ,nd ÿka kef.kysr m<d;a wOHdmk f,alï;=udg ia;=;sh m< lrñ'
tï'à'ta' ksidï
m<d;a wOHdmk wOHlaI
m<d;a m%d:ñl ksfhdacH wOHdmk wOHlaI;=ñhf.a mKsúvh
wOHdmk m%;sixialrK l%shd;aul jq 1999 j¾Ifha mgka fï olajd u m%d:ñl wOHdmk lghq;=j,
kshef,ñka isák ud yg fuu m¾fhaIK ld¾hhg iïnkaO ùug wjia:dj ,eîu Nd.Hhla f,i ie,lsh
yels h'
wOHdmk m%;sixialrKj, § bf.kqï l%ufõo f,i y÷kajd ÿka fi,a,ï yd úfkdaockl jev yd
l%shdldrlï hk wxY folg wvq nrla § wiqka.; jev jeä m%;sY;hlska l%shd;aul ùu ish¨ u wjêj,
olakg ,efí' ksoyfia ish leue;af;ka u bf.kSug o" m%dfhda.sl yd m%fhdackj;a foa bf.kSug o" Ôú;h
i|yd bf.kSug o isiqka flfia fhduq l< hq;= o@ ta i|yd l%ufõoh l=ula o@ hkak ms<sn| j fiùug fuys
§ ish¨ lKavdhï W;aiql jQy' ta i|yd t<suyka l%shdldrlï jeälsÍu flfrys wjOdkh fhduq jQ w;r"
fi,a,ï ieoEj jeks ks¾udKd;aul wx. o tl;= lrk ,§' tla mßir f;audjla .;a l, th fYa%Ks jYfhka
m%idrKh ù we;s whqre wOHhkh lr ish,a, tlg weñKSug —fmdÿ yqhla˜ fidhd .ekSug m¾fhaIK
lKavdhu fjfyi jQy' .=rejre tlsfkld mrhñka mßir wOHhk ikaOdrfha yrh Wlyd f.k lukSh
f,i mka;s ldurfhka msg; l%shdldrlï ks¾udKh lsÍfï ksr; jQy'
y÷kajd § we;s ;lafiare m;%sldj,g wu;rj isiq c¾k,hla yd foudmsh c¾k,hla u.skao isiqka
;lafiarelrKh lsÍu fuys § isÿ fõ'
m¾fhaIKh ukd f,i l%shd;aul lsÍu i|yd wjYH jk ;SrK .ekSfï § úoaj;ayq iy m%dfhda.sl
l%shdlrefjdaa tla /ia ù fhdackd" ;¾l" ú;¾l idlÉcd iïuq;Ska uÕska wm fj; iyh ,nd ÿkay' m<d;a
wOHdmk wOHlaI;=ud ;u u; bÈßm;a lrñka o" wOHdmk f,alï;=ud wka whf.a woyiaj,g bjiSfuka
hq;=j ijka foñka o" .re m<d;a wOHdmk wud;H úu,ùr Èidkdhl ue;s;=ud ksr;=rej u mdfya hï hï
;¾l fyda wkqudk" m%;súfrdaë m%dfhda.sl WodyrK uÕska iqKq úiqKq lrñka yd we;eï úg hym;a Ndú;hka
Ydia;S%h kHdhka uÕska ;yjqre lrñka o oelajQ odhl;ajh b;d w.h lrñ'
iS'î'à' l=udßydñ
ksfhdacH wOHdmk wOHlaI
vi
wïmdr l,dm wOHdmk wOHlaI;=udf.a mKsúvh
ñksia iudch fï fudfyd; olajd fjkia jQfha fjkila m%d¾:kd l<" ta m%d¾:kdj u,aM, .ekaùug
l%shd;aul jQ yd ta fjkig wkqj ;u meje;au fjkia lr.;a wh ksid h'
bf.kqul w.% jQ M,h úh yelafla fjki we;sùuhs' ta fjki fldmuK w.hlska hq;=j ñksia ika;dkhl
hym;g fya;= ù we;s o hkak wm wdmiq yeÍ ne,sh hq;= lreKla nj j¾;udkh wmg n, lrhs'
wm yenEjg u bf.k .;a ñksiqka o@ jir oyia .Kkdjlg tmsg mßKduhg Ndckh jQ wm u o wo fï
isákafka hkqfjka is;k ;rug m%Yak lr .ekSug fkdfhla bÕs iemfhñka ;sfnk fudfyd;l wïmdr
wOHdmk l,dmh flakaø lr .ksñka kef.kysrg fjkia j kef.kakg fjkila we;s lsÍug .re
kef.kysr m<d;a wOHdmk weu;s úu,ùrhka fmrgq.dó úh' wmg ta uf.ys wïmdr l,dmfha mdi,a 102
f.k hdug úúO jQ wyquq¨ ksrdjrKh yd wkdjrKh lr .ksñka oejeka; jQ úoaj;a m¾fhaIK l%shdj,shlg
úÿy,am;sjreka" .=reNj;=ka" foudmshka miq.sh j¾Ih ;=< fm< .eiaùug yels úh'
fï j¾Ih ;=< wm iQodkï jkafka —iEu orejl= u Tm l< hq;= ueKslls˜ kï jQ f;aud mdGhg .e<fmk
f,i fuf;la Tm oeuQ l%shdj,sh mdi, ;=< fjkilg f.k hdughs' i¾jdxYSh msì§ulska orejkaf.a
Ôú;h iu;a lsÍug wmg yels jQfjd;a th È.duvq,af,a wdYap¾hh u jkq we;'
—f,dalfha fld;ekl fyda orefjl= y? kafka kï iskdfik whg uu Ydm lrñ˜ hs bka§h uyd lú
Nd¾;shd¾ mejiqjd fia iEu orefjl=g u iskdfik fyg Èkla Wod lr wms fldfya isg fyda iekfiuq'
tï'fla'mS' iqks,a .=K;s,l
l,dm wOHdmk wOHlaI
wïmdr'
vii
l%shd uQ, m¾fhaIK lñgq iNdm;s;=udf.a mKsúvh
fl;rï jerÈ iy.; jqj o" ìhckl jqj o" mj;sk yd yqre-mqreÿ jQ foaj,a fjkia lsÍu myiq lreKla
fkdfõ' wOHdmkh o tfia u h' j;auka wOHdmk l%shdodufha ks¾udmlfhda o" ysñlrefjda o" Wreulrefjda
o" mD;.ack ukqIHfhda u fj;s' .eUqre fjkila ord .ksñka Bg iyNd.s úh yelafla" Tjqka w;ßka
YslaIdldó fY%aIaGhka iq¿ msßilg muKs'
mj;sk wOHdmk l%shdj,sh ksid mSvd ú¢k iqjyila okka jqj o mj;sk fohg tfrysj y? k.kjd ñi bka
Tíng fkdh;s' tneúka úl,amhla bÈßm;a lsÍu ÿIalr ld¾hhls' úl,amhla l%shdjg kexùu w;sYhska u
ÿIalr ld¾hhls' jir 200 lg wêl ld,hla ;siafia Ôj úoHd{hka" iajNdj úoHd{hka" ufkdaúoHd{hka"
iakdhq frda. ms<sn| úfYaI{ ffjoHjreka yd wOHdmk{hka úYd, msßila úiska mj;sk wOHdmk l%uh
úoHd;aul f,i ú.%y lr we;' úl,amhka bÈßm;a lr we;'
úl,amhka l%shdjg k.ñka" mj;sk foh fjkia lrñka" iajNdúl jrkd;aul l%shdj,sfha Wmßu ;,h fj;
udkjhd le|jdf.k hdfï j.lSu Tn-wm ndr .; hq;=j we;' udkj jxY l;dfõ È.yefrk wd;añl j
iqmqIams; jQ fYa%IaG;u udkjhd ks¾udKh lrñka" wOHd;añl hq.h fj; mD:sú udkj mrïmrdj u
le|jd.k hdfï wNsfhda.h oeka wm úiska Ndr f.k ;sfí' iqúfYaIS l=i,;d y÷kd .ksñka" ixj¾Okh
lrñka" úIh ksmqK;dj,g Tífnka we;s —iodpdr ud,s.djg˜ .relrk mqoa., yd mqrjeis ksmqK;d
w.hñka" ;lafiare lrñka" wïmdr wOHdmk l,dmh ;=< WmÈk iEu orejl= u Ôú;fhka iu;ajk orejl=
njg m;alrk —i¾jdxYsl wOHdmk ixj¾Ok jev igyk˜ fï jk úg mdi,a ishhl u tl jr l%shd;aul
ùu wdrïN ù ;sfí'
fuu l%shdj,sfha§ ud ÿgqfõ uyd mqÿudldr ixialD;shls' jkaokSh jQ udkj iqkaor;ajhls' woyd.; fkdyels
f,i uyd msßila" mj;sk ;;ajhka hgf;a" tldjka j tlg tl;=j Wvq.ï n,d msyskSuls' nqÿ oyfï tk
—cd;l l;d˜ rplhkaf.a ks¾udK fkdfõ kï" —tajd i;Hu u l;d kï˜" óg fmr;a ljod fyda wms tlg
tluq;= ù tld fuka ù¾hh jvñka —neß jev lr˜ f,djg fi; ieÿfõ hehs ug yefÕa'
foaYh ;=< jd¾Isl j ,laI ;=kyudrla muK orejkaf.a Ôú;j,g wdf,dalhla jkakg .re kef.kysr
m<d;a wOHdmk wud;H;=ud kdhl;ajh fok úg" thg ksis nr ;nñka m<d;a m%d:ñl wOHdmk
wOHlaI;=ñh th me;=reKq jevla njg m;al<d h' th .=Kfhka yd yrfhka .eUqre lrkakg wïmdr
l,dmfha m%d:ñl wOHdmk wOHlaI;=uka kdhl;ajh ÿkafka h' l,dm wOHdmk wOHlaI;=uka" ksfhdacH
wOHdmk wOHlaI;=ñh ^mßmd,k& m%uqL ks,OdÍ uKav,h t;=ukag wjYH /ljrKh o iyfhda.h o
,ndÿkay' .=re WmfoaYl uy;au uy;aóka mdif,ka mdi,g hñka úÿy,am;s iy .=re Nj;=kaf.a uyd
ù¾hhg Yla;shla jQfjdah' m%Odk m¾fhaYsldjf.a fufyhùfuka jirlg wêl ld,hla l%shduQ,
m¾fhaIKh isÿfjñka mj;shs' fï ish,a, fufia isÿ jQfha fï ishÆ fokd hka;%hl oe;s frdao fuka ksis
mßÈ ksis f,i ia:dk .; ù j.lSfuka hq;=j ;u ld¾hh Ndrh bgq fkdlrkakg isysfkka j;a fuu kj
ixialD;sh wïmdr wOHdmk l,dmh ;=< Wm; ,nkafka ke;'
Okh" n,h" ks,h" rka-ߧ" uq;=-ueKsla yd iqmsß jdyk w.hñka" udkjhdg ;lafiarejla ,ndfok hq.hl"
;u ld,h;a" Y%uh;a" oekqu;a" wu;r jegqma fyda §ukd fkd,nd ;u Okh u jeh lrñka" orejka yd
uõmshka ms<sn| uyd lreKdfjka oka ÿka Tn ieneúka u W;=fuda fj;s' foaYfha rdcH fiajhg Tn uy;a
wdo¾Yhls' Tnf.a odk mdrñ;djg ,efnk uyd ;Hd.hhs" Wm; ,nd we;s kj ixialD;sh'
orejkag i;=g fok" uõmshkag iemh fok" rfÜ cd;sl wruqKq imqrd ,Sug iu;a wkd.; mrmqrla ìyslrk"
zzi¾jdxYsl wOHdmk ixj¾Ok l%shdj,shZZ kue;s" fï l=¿ÿ,a orejd iuÕ Wm; ,nd we;s kj ixialD;s /l
n,d .ksñka fmdaIKh lsÍug" Tn-wmg ;jÿrg;a oeä wdhdihla oeÍug isÿjkq we;' Bg wjYH u Yla;sh o
viii
ffO¾hh o" ù¾hh o" m%{dj o" j¾Okh lr .ekSug isÿjk nj o" ta i|yd wjeis f,i lemjk njg o Tn
bÈßfha m%;s{d §ug;a hym;a wOHdmkhla i|yd jQ jHdmdrfha wms fï fudfyd; fhdod .ksuq'
Tn wm tl;=j fmdaIKh lrk fï kj ixialD;sh f,dj ms<s.;a oE njg m;a lsÍug kï wmf.a l%shduQ,
m¾fhaIKh jy-jyd ksu l< hq;=j we;' tys jd¾;dj Tiafia wm ,enQ m%;sM, úoHd;aul f,i f,djg odkh
l< hq;=j we;' m%udKsl nqoaêu;=ka úiska wmf.a m%h;akh w.h l< hq;=j we;' tf;la wm ;j ÿr hd hq;=h'
Wmd,s pkaøisß
.re iNdm;s" l%shduQ, m¾fhaIK lñgqj
.re iNdm;s" hym;a wOHdmkhla i|yd jQ jHdmdrh
ix
i¾jdxYSh wOHdmk ux fm; ms<sn| ye¢kaùula
cd;sl wruqKq ms<sn| wjfndaOhla we;s" tu wruqKq uqÿkam;a lr .ekSu ms<sn| wjfndaOhla we;s yd uqÿkam;a
lr .ekSug odhl úh yels" uqÿkam;a lr .ekSug iqÿiq iudc ixialD;Ska yd wd¾Ól rgdjka m%;sks¾udKh
lr.; yels wkd.; mrmqrla i|yd moku oeóug kQ;k wOHdmk l%shdj,sh wiu¾: ù we;'
wOHdmk .=Kd;aulNdjfha kdh hdug m%n, u fya;=j ù ;sfnkafka we.hSï yd ;lafiarelrK l%shdj,sh hs'
^w& jdr wjidkfha iy j¾I wjidkfha meje;afjk mdi,a we.hSï o ;lafiarelrK l%shdj,Ska o"
cd;sl we.hSï jk 5 fYa%Ksfha YsIH;aj úNd.h" w'fmd'i' ^id(fm& úNd.h yd w'fmd'i' ^W(fm&
úNd.h Ôjk ksmqK;d we.hSulg jvd úIh oekqu b,lal lr we;'
^wd& oekg l%shd;aul cd;sl we.hSï o" mdi,a we.hSï yd ;lafiare o cd;sl wruqKq fj; t<eöug iu;a
wkd.; mrmqrla ks¾udKh lsÍu i|yd olajk ie,ls,a, m%udKj;a fkdfõ'
^we& cd;sl wruqKq yd we.hSï w;r o" cd;sl wruqKq yd ;lafiare w;r o f.dvk.d we;s mriamrh úiska
wOHdmk l%shdj,sfha wjika m%;sM,fha .=Kd;aulNdjh ySk lr we;'
^wE& úÿy,am;s yd wdpd¾h uKav, úiska o" orejka yd uõmsh Ndrlrejka úiska o wOHdmk l%shdj,sh ;=<
isÿ lrñka ;sfnkafka we.hSug ,la lrk yd ;lafiare lrk foh fnod yod .ekSuhs'
^b& cd;sl uÜgñka we.hSug yd ;lafiarejg ,lalrk wjYH;djka fndfyda ÿrlg imqrd,Su i|yd
m%udKj;a ixj¾ê; uÜgula wmf.a .=re mrmqr i;=j we;'
^B& wOHdmkfha .=Kd;aulNdjh mj;ajd .ksñka" cd;sl wruqKq fj; t<eöug iu;a wkd.; mrmqrla
i|yd moku oeñh yels i¾jdxYsl wOHdmk ixj¾Ok l%shdj,shla yd" Bg iß,k l%shdldÍ
bf.kqula i|yd orejka fhduqlsÍug iu;a iïm;aodhl .=remrmqrla m%;sks¾udKh lr.ekSu i|yd"
we.hSï yd ;lafiarelrK l%shdj,sfha .eUqre fjkila we;slsÍu w;HjYHh ù ;sfí'
úi÷ï yd fhdackd
cd;sl wruqKq fj; t<eöug iu;a wkd.; mrmqrla b,lal lrñka cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh úiska yÿkajd
§ we;s úIh ks¾foaYh l%shdldÍ bf.kqula f,i orejka ika;l lsÍu i|yd(
w' l%shdldÍ bf.kqug ndOdjla j we;s l¿,E,a, yd mka;s ldurh kue;s isr l=áfhka orejd ksoyia
lsÍu'
wd' t<suyka yd ksoyia bf.kqï l%shdldrlï wdrïN lsÍu'
we' úIh ifudaOdks;" fY%aKs ifudaOdks;" ksmqK;d u; mokï jQ bf.kqï l%shdldrlï wdrïN lsÍu'
wE' l%shdldrlï u; mokï jQ iQodkï igyka o" ksmqK;d igyka o" miq úmrï yd m%;sld¾h jevigyka
o ie,iqï lsÍu'
b' orejkaf.a iqúfYaIS l%shd foi o" iqúfYaIS l=i,;d foi o" iqúfYaIS ÿn,;d foi o wjOdkh
fhduqlsÍug .=rejrhdg yelshdj ,efnk mßÈ l%shdldrlï mj;ajdf.k hEu'
B' .=re Nj;=ka iduQyslj l%shdldrlï ie,iqï lsÍfï § ujqmshka yd ndysr iïm;a odhlhskaf.a o mQ¾K
x
iyNd.S;ajh ,nd .ekSu i|yd lghq;= lsÍu'
W' iïNjk we.hqï l%ufõoh úoHd;aulj yd úYajikSh f,i ixj¾Okh lsÍu i|yd yÿkajd § we;s
isiq-foudmsh jd¾;d ksis f,i mj;ajd .ekSu'
W!' cd;sl wruqKq fj; t<eöug iu;a wkd.; mrmqrla m%;sks¾udKh lsÍu b,lal lr .ksñka y÷kajd
fokq ,nk ;lafiare yd we.hSï l%shdj,sh mdi,a uÜgñka l%shd;aul lsÍu'
t' úIh ksmqK;dj,g wu;rj mqoa., yd mqrjeis ksmqK;dj,g 60] l we.hSula ,nd§u'
ta' mqoa., yd mqrjeis ksmqK;dj,g ksis ;lafiarejla ,nd§u'
T' jdr wjidk yd j¾I wjidk YsIH jd¾;d fmd; u.ska mqoa., ksmqK;d" mqrjeis ksmqK;d" úIh
ksmqK;d hk ksmqK;d ish,a, u ksis f,i ;lafiare lsÍu Tiafia mqoa., yd mqrjeis ksmqK;dj,g o
by< jákdlula ,nd§u'
´' kuHYS,S ld,igyklg o" iSñ; jd¾;dlrKhlg o .=reNj;=kag wjYH myiqlï i,id foñka
orejka ms<sno ;lafiare yd we.hSï jd¾;d u; .=rejrhdg by< we.hSula ,nd §u'
T#' ujq-msh lñgq f.dvke.Su'
wfmalaIs; m%;sM,
w&' ls%hdldrlïj, M,odhS;dj u; wOHdmkfha .=Kd;aulNdjh by< hdu'
wd&' lsisÿ ;r.hlska fyda n,lsÍulska f;drj u orejkaf.a mdi,a meñKSu 100] olajd by< hdu'
we&' l%shdldÍ wOHdmk l%shdj,shla i|yd jk m%cd odhl;ajh 70] lg jvd by< w.hla .ekSu'
wE&' .=re Nj;=kaf.a fiajd Èk .Kk jeäùu" mdi, ;=< Èkfha jeä ld,hla /§isàu" l%shdldrlï
ie,iqï lsÍï weKjqulska f;dr j u ms%hukdm f,i isÿùu'
b&' kS;sÍ;s u.ska n,y;aldrfhka .=rejreka mdi, ;=< r|jd .ekSu wfydais ùu'
B&' mdif,a meje;aug ydkslr lKavdhï f.dvke.Su fjkqjg tluq;=lu yd ifydaor;ajh fyd¢ka
mej;Su'
W&' bf.kqï-b.ekaùï l%shdj,sfha M,hla f,i orejd ksjdi mßirh o" ixialD;sh o fjkia lrk m%n,
fm!reISh jdylfhl= njg m;aùu'
W!&' orejkaf.a yd foudmshkaf.a .=rejßh-uj-fidhqßh njg m;ajq .=re Nj;d mdi,a fmdaIl l,dmfha u
f.!rjdorhg md;% jk ixialD;shla ks¾udKh lrkakd yd fufyhjkakd njg m;aùu'
b&' mdi,a fmdaIl l,dmh u;ska f;dr u;aøjHh wf,úfhka f;dr ¥IK yd wmpdr j,ska f;dr
fmd,Sishg jev wvq l,dmhla njg m;aùu'
l%shd uQ, m¾fhaIKh
hym;a wOHdmkhla i|yd jk jHdmdrh úiska óg fmr isÿlrk ,o w;ayod ne,Sï yd wkdjrK u; mokï
j ieliqK by; fhdackd yd úiÿï l%shd;aul lsÍfï § u;=jk .eg¨ o" tu .eg¨ M,odhS f,i úiok
xi
wdldrh o" ta i|yd oeßh hq;= fhojqï o" fï ish,af,a M,hka f,i isÿjk kj fjkiaùï o" ksis f,i
m¾fhaIKhg ,lalrñka" mj;sk udkj yd fN!;sl iïm;a u fhdod .ksñka wod< fjkialï isÿ lrñka"
kef.kysr m<df;a wOHdmkfha idOkSh fjkila i|yd fhdod .; yels úoHd;aul m%fõYhka yd m%ñ;Ska
y÷kd .ekSu" 2013 j¾Ih uq, isg wïmdr wOHdmk l,dmh flakaø lr .ksñka flfrk l%shd uQ,
m¾fhaIKfha wruqKhs' fuu ux fm; tu m¾fhaIKfha m%;sM,hls'
xii
l%shd uQ, m¾fhaIK lñgqj
wkqYdikh.re úu,ùr Èidkdhl" wOHdmk wud;H
tka' ta' ta' mqIaml=udr" f,alï" wOHdmk wud;HxYhtï'à'ta' ksidï" m<d;a wOHdmk wOHË" m<d;a wOHdmk fomd¾;=fïka;=j
kef.kysr m<d;
iNdm;sWmd,s pkaøisß " hym;a wOHdmkhla i|yd jQ jHdmdrh
WmfoaYkhwdßhr;ak w,aúia" iyldr f,alï" cd;sl wOHdmk fldñiu
uydpd¾h isß fyÜáf.a"fld<U úYaj úoHd,hwdpd¾h mshodi .uf.a" ;;a;aj l<ukdlre" tlai;a rdcOdksh
wdpd¾h ks,dukS .sksf.a" cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh ^ysgmq&
m<d;a wOHdmk fomd¾fïka;= iïnkaëlrKhv.a,ia rKisxy" w;sf¾l m<d;a wOHdmk wOHlaI
iS î à l=udßydñ" ksfhdacH wOHdmk wOHlaI ^m%d:ñl wOHdmk&
m%Odk m¾fhaIlwdpd¾h iqcd;d .uf.a" ,¾kataIshd wdh;kh
+94 777 748 470; [email protected]
l%shdldÍ lñgqj
• tï' fla' mS' iqks,a .=K;s,l" l,dm wOHdmk wOHlaI
• tia' wd¾' yika;s" ksfhdacH wOHdmk wOHlaI mßmd,k&
• iór fidaur;ak" ksfhdacH wOHdmk wOHlaI ie,iqï&
• wd¾' Ô' k,ska ixÔj" ksfhdacH wOHdmk wOHlaI ixj¾Ok&
• fla' Ô' ñhqßka" ysgmq iyldr wOHdmk wOHlaI m%d:ñl&
• ã' ã' l=udrr;ak" l<uKdlre" wïmdr .=re mqyqKq uOHia:dkh
• î' tï' nkaÿfiak" .=re WmfoaYl
• B' t,a' iqks,a" fldÜGdi wOHdmk wOHlaI¦ ,;d wfí.=Kj¾Ok" .=re WmfoaYl jhs' ta' fm%au,;d" .=re
WmfoaYl Wyk fldÜGdih&
• fÊ' tia' hdmd" fldÜGdi wOHdmk wOHlaI¦ tÉ' à'à' ldka;s" .=re WmfoaYl Ydka; lreKdr;ak" .=re
WmfoaYl ouk fldÜGdih&
• tï' wd¾' ã' oikdhl" fldÜGdi wOHdmk wOHlaI¦ tï' tï' tia' u,a,jdrÉÑ" .=re WmfoaYl ^wïmdr
fldÜGdih&
• tÉ' wurÔj" fldÜGdi wOHdmk wOHlaI¦ chka; m%§ma l=udr" .=re WmfoaYl ,dyq., fldÜGdih&
lñgq iïnkaëldrl
Ô' tÉ' fma%ur;ak" iyldr wOHdmk wOHlaI ^m%d:ñl wOHdmk&
xiii
xiv
kef.kysr m<df;a wOHdmkh i|yd fhdað; mia wjqreÿ ixj¾Ok ie,eiau
^ixlaIsma;j&
f;audj
—iEu orefjl= u Tm l< hq;= ueKslls˜
oelau
;udg iqúfYaI jQ fm!reI;ajhlska iúu;aj" iS.%fhka fjkia jk f,dalhl wNsfhda. j,g uqyqK §ug
Yla;shla we;sjQo" hym;a mqrjeishka f,i iudchg m%úIag úh yels jQo" ;reK mrmqrla ìyslsÍu ;=,ska
wdishdfõ wdYap¾hh njg wm Y%S ,xldj ia:dms; lsÍfï uyskao Ñka;k bÈß oelau idlaId;a lr.ekSu'
wruqKq
kef.kysr m<df;a wOHdmk moaO;sh(
1' .=Kd;aul fõ M,odhS bf.kqï-b.ekaùï l%shdj,shla
2' idOdrK fõ mdi,a hk jhfia iEu orejl=gu iu wOHdmk wjia:d
3' myiqlï iys; fõ iykYS,S yd M,odhS jQ bf.kqula i|yd wjYH u jd;djrKh yd myiqlï
4' m%cdfjka iúu;a fõ iúh fok mdi,a m%cd iïnkaO;djhka
5' ld¾hlaIu fõ yelshdfjka yd lemùfuka ikakoaO jQ wOHdmk OQrdj,shla
m%Odk ld¾h idOk o¾Yl yd b,lal
bf.kSug iQodku1"2
1' m<df;a orejkaf.ka isiqkaf.ka 90] la j;a "m<uqjk fY%aKshg msúisfï§ tu wod< m%fõY ksmqK;d
fmkajhs'
bf.kSfï fh§u72' m<df;a orejkaf.ka 90] la j;a ksis jhig mdi,g we;=,a ù wksjd¾h wOHdmkfha iudma;sh olajd
bÈßhg hhs'
id¾:l bf.kqu
3' tla tla bf.kqï wjêhg iß,k^w& fi,a,ï yd úfkdao ckl l%shd wd& ie,iqï.; l%shdldrlï yd we&
wiqka .; l%shdjkaf.a iqÿiq ixl,khla ;=,ska tu tla tla bf.kqï wjëkag ks¾foaYs; ish¨
ksmqK;djka j¾Okh lr .ekSfï wjia:dj iEu isiqfjl=g u ,eî we;'54' m<df;a mdi,a wOHdmkh ,nk isiqkaf.ka 90] la j;a tla tla bf.kqï wjêh i|yd ks¾foaYs; .Ks;h
yd ujqni we;=¿ w;HjYH bf.kqï ksmqK;d ,ndf.k we;'
5' iEu isiqfjla i|yd u Tyqf.a fyda wehf.a ,eÈhd yd reÑl;ajhka ms<sìUq flfrk ksmqK;djka wju 7
jYfhka myla fyda ÈhqKq lr .ksñka tajdfha úYsIaghl= ùfï wjia:dj ,eî we;'fuu ksmqK;djkag
wksjd¾fhkau mqoa., ksmqK;djka folla yd mqrjeis ksmqK;djka tlla we;=,;a úh hq;=h'
1fmr mdie,a wOHdmkh ms,sn| b,lalh fï wjia:dfõ m<d;a wOHdmk ie,eiaug tl;= l< hq;=o hkak ;j ÿrg;a idlÉPd l< hq;=j we;' 2fuys§ oelafjk 90] fyda fjk;a b,lal ms,sn|j ;j ÿrg;a wOHkh l< hq;=j we;'3úYsIaghl= f,i fuys woyia flfrkafka mka;sfha fyda fjk;a wdfYa%h lKavdhula ;=, hï ksmqK;djla i|yd úfYaIhla fmkajk isiqka ;=ka y;r fofkl=f.ka tla wfhls''
mgqk
1' isiq c¾k,h''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''2
2' .=re-fo.=re fmd;''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''2
3' mka;s jd¾;d fmd;'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''3
3'1' mdi,a ,s;'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''4
3'2' mka;s ,s;''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''5
3'3' mka;s m%;sm;a;s yd ia:djr l%shdldrlï'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''6
3'4' ld, igyk'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''10
3'5' jdr ie,iqu yd ffoksl jd¾;dj'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''12
3'6' iqúfYaI ksmqK;d ;lafiare m;%sldj'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''26
4' ffoksl ie,iqï yd m%;HdfõlaIK fmd;''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''28
5' wOHdmk idOk jd¾;d'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''29
5'1' m%f;Hl jd¾;d fmd;'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''29
5'2' ksmqK;d idOk f.dkq''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''29
5'3' YsIH jd¾;d fmd;''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''29
5'4' YsIH jd¾;d fmd; i|yd wdlD;sh''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''30
6' ;;a;aj ;yjqrelrKh''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''31
6'1' ;;a;aj ;yjqre foi;sh''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''31
6'2' ;;a;aj ;yjqre l%u fõoh''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''31
6'3' ;;a;aj ks¾Kdhl''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''31
^1& ks¾foaYs; iEu ksmqK;djka ,nd .eksfï wjia:dj'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''32
2& w;HdjYH ksmqK;djka ms<sn| m%ùk;ajh'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''33
3& tla tla isiqjdf.a fm!reIh$iaùh;ajh y÷kd .ekSu yd j¾Okh lsÍu''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''34
2
3' isiq c¾k,h
isiq c¾k,h hkq ;u bf.kqu ms<sn| j yd mdif,a" f.or § yd u. f;dg § ,efnk w;aoelSï ms<sn| j iajhx
igyka ;nd .ekSug isiqjdg ,efnk bv m%ia;djls' isiq c¾k,h ;=<ska isiqjdf.a bf.kSu jvd fydoska
wëlaIKh lsÍug .=rejrhdg o wjia:djla ,efí' fuu c¾k,h id¾:lùug kï wiqka .; l%shd yd ta wdY%s;
j .=rejrhd úiska l¿ ,E,af,a ,shk foa <uhd úiska igyka fmdf;a ,shd .ekSfï .;dkq.;sl l%ufhka
neyer úh hq;=h'
—ud bf.k .;a foa˜ yd —uf.a is;=ú,s˜ hk fldgia folla isiq c¾k,fha wvx.= úh hq;=h'
—ud bf.k .;a foa˜ ms<sn| igyka Èkm;d&(
l%shdldrlï uq,a lr.;a b.ekaùï l%ufha fldgila f,i iEu ls%hdldrlulg u miq lKavdhula f,i tu
ls%hdldrlu ms<sn`o m%;HdfõlaIK idlÉPdjla mj;ajd bka wk;=rej tla tla isiqjdg ;u isiqkg tu
ls%hdldrlï ms<sn`o ;udg jegyqKq foa ,shd oelaùug wjia:djla ,nd osh hq;=h'
fuu igyka Ñ;%" lú" jdlH fyda rpkd fyda tajdfha iïñY%Khla úh yelsh'
2013 uq,oS wmg ,enqKq c¾k,aj, jeä yßhla mka;sfha oS fï fï úIhka b.ekajQ nj jd¾;d lsÍug iSud ù
;sìKs' wdrïNhla f,i tys jrola ke;' kuq;a áflka ál orejkag bka Tíng f.dia u;lh" wjfndaOh"
Ndú;dj" ks¾udKh yd we.hSu hk íÆïf.a bf.kSfï wjia:d j,g hdug fuu c¾k, Wmldß úh yels nj
i,lkak'
lsis úgl c¾k,fha wl=re fyda jHdlrK ksjeros lsrSu fkdl< hq;=h' <uhd osrs .ekaùu fyda ;j ÿrg;a
.fõIKhg fhduq lrk m%;spdr muKla lsÍu uekú' WodyrK f,i wo wms l=re,q j¾. 7 la .ek bf.k
.;a;d lshd ,shd ;snqfKd;a tu jdlHfha me;a;lska zzfudkjdo ta l=re,af,da @” lshd wikak mq¿jk' isiqjd
l=re,q j¾. kï lr ;snqfKd;a zzf.or;a ta l=re,af,da bkakjdo@” lshd wikak mq`Mjk' ^wl=re fyda
jHdlrK b.ekaùu i`oyd ld, igyfka fjk;a wiqka.; ls%hd wjia:djla fhdod .kak'(
zzuf.a is;=ú,s” i;shlg jrla fyda jeä .Kkla&(
mdif,a bf.k.;a foag wu;rj isiqjdf.a ye`.Sï fyda ks¾udKd;aul woyia tu isiq c¾k,fha u igyka
lsÍug i;shlg jrla j;a wjia:djla fokak' fï i`oyd c¾k,fha wjika msgq lsysmhla fjka lr .; yel'
2' .=re fo.=re fmd;
2013 j¾Ifha oS foudmshkg$Ndrlrejkg ks¾foaY flreKq foudmsh c¾k,h hkq .=rejrhdg yd
foudmshkg fyda Ndrlrejkg orejd ms<sn`o mQ¾K jegySula ,nd oSu i`oyd fhdod .; yels m%n, fuj,uls'
ta ;=<ska ;u orejd flfrys fouõmshkf.a$Ndrlrejkaf.a wjOdkh jvd úêu;a j fhduq lrúh yelsh'
orejdf.a f.or cSú;h fyd`Èka f;areï .ekSu ;=<ska .=rejrhdg bf.kqï yd b.ekaùï l%shdj,sh jvd iM,
lr .; yelsh'
tu c¾k,h jvd id¾:l lr .ekSu i`oyd foudmsh$Ndrlre c¾k,h .=re fo.=re fmd; f,i kï lr my;
ioyka f,i mj;ajd f.k hkak'
?foudmshka$Ndrlrejkaúiska fuu .=refo.=re fmd; iEu osklu isiqjd w; mdi,g túh hq;=h'
1l%shdldrlulg fmr iQodkula fyda yeÈkaùula f,ig isiqkg hï igyka §ula lsÍug iuyr úg wjYH jkq we;'
fuu f,aLkh ixfYdaOkhg újD;h' Tfí woyia wïmdr l,dm wOHdmk ld¾hd,fha m%d:ñl wxYhg ,nd fokak'
• tu c¾k,fha i;shlg jrla j;a igykla ;nk f,i .=rejrhd úiska foudmshka$Ndrlrejka Wkkaÿ
l< hq;=h' foudmshkaf.a$Ndrlrejkaf.a iyNd.s;ajh .=rejrhdf.a id¾:l;ajh ms<sôUq lrhs'
• .=rejrhd úiska i;shlg jrla j;a tu .=re fo.=re fmd; msrslaish hq;=h'
• tu .=re fo.=re fmd; my; ioyka fldgiaj,ska iukaú; úh hq;=h'
² isiqjdf.a cSj o;a; ^msgq 2 lska " wu;r msgqj fjkialï igyka lsÍu i`oyd fhdod .kak&
² mdi,g fkdmeñKSï jd¾;d lsÍfï j.=j ^msgq 2 la fyda 3 la fhdod .kak' Èkh" fkdmeñKSug
fya;=j" foudmsh$Ndrlre w;aik" .=rejrhdf.a w;aik olajkak&
² orejdf.a f.or§ idudkH Èk pßhdj úia;r lsÍfï msgqj ^mdie, mj;ajk osk mfyaoS yd i;s
wka;h ms<sno fjk fjku ioyka l< hq;=h" iEu jirla uq, oS u fuu msgqj w,q;a úh hq;=h'&
² foudmshka$Ndrlrejka orejd ms<sn`o lrk i;s igyk ^b;srs msgq&( i;sh ;=< orejdg f.or oS
,enqKq úfYaI w;aoelSï" fmkajk ,o iqúfYaIS olaI;d" o`.ldr jev we;s kï fuys ioyka l<
yelsh' f.orska mdi,g^.=rejrhdg& fhduq úh hq;= lreKq oelaùug o tu c¾k,h fhdod .;
yelsh' jd¾;d lsÍug lsis;a ke;s wjia:d o ;sìh yel' foudmshkag$Ndrlrejkag wl=re ners
kï jdÑlj fyda úia;rhla fok f,i b,a,d isákak'
² .=rejrhdf.a igyka( foudmsh$Ndrlre igykg miq wjYH kï .=rejrhdg m%;spdrhla osh
yelsh' úfYaI ls%hdldrlï ms<sn`oj f.org mKsúvhla heúug o fuu fmd; fhdod .; yelsh'
² oekgu;a .=refo.=re woyia yqjudrej i`oyd meje;afjk mka;s lj yd fuu .=refo.=re fmd;
tlsfklg Yla;shla lr .kak'
wju jYfhka tfldf<dia jk fY%aKsh olajd mj;ajd f.k hk fujeks igyka" mka;s lj yd fjk;a
wka;¾l%shd yryd mdie, yd f.or w;r f;dr;=re yqjudrej id¾:lj lsrSu ;=<ska foudmshkg fyda
Ndrlrejkg yd .=rejrekg tl;=j isiqjdf.a wOHdmkh ksis u.g fhduq l< yels jkq we;'
3' mka;s jd¾;d fmd;
mdi,a ,s;" mka;s ,s;" mka;s m%;sm;a;s yd ia:djr l%shdldrlï" ld, igyk" jdr ie,iqu yd ffoksl jd¾;dj
yd iqúfYaI ksmqK;d ;lafiare m;%sldj f,i fldgia 8 lska iukaú; fõ'
tla tla .=rejrhd úiska mdif,a ,s; wkqidrfhka ;u mka;sh i`oyd mka;s ,s;la idod .; hq;=h 3'1 ldKav
3'2 fldgia n,kak&' fuu ,s; iEoSfï È j¾Ih ;=< lsrSug n,dfmdr;a;= jk mrsir yd wd.u f;audjka" m%cd
i;aldr" j.lSï" ia:djr l%shdldrlï yd úfYaI ls%hdldrlï f,dalfha" rfÜ" m<df;a" l,dmfha yd mdif,a
isÿ lsÍug wkqiaurKh lsÍug& kshñ; fjk;a l%shdldrlï iu`. WÑ; f,i iumd; lr.kak' nqoaOd.u
mdvu hgf;a wd.ñl j;dj;a lsÍu yd fjk;a mka;s m%;sm;a;s ie,iqï lr fuys igyka lrkak' wmg l<
yels fjkialï mßir f;audj hgf;a jir mqrd flfrk m%cd i;aldrhla mgka .ekSu yd f.j;a; ie,iqï
lsÍu yd mgka .ekSu m<uqjk jdrfha u lsÍu jvd iqÿiqh' m<uqjk jdrhg fhfok bia,dï" yskaÿ yd
fn!oaO wd.ñl W;aij yd ksoyia W;aijh iu`. wms ,lajeisfhda mdvu iïnkaO lr .; yelsh'
mka;s m%;sm;a;s yd ia:djr l%shdldrlï" ld, igyk" jdr ie,iqu yd ffoksl jd¾;dj yd iqúfYaI ksmqK;d
;lafiare m;%sldj i`oyd jeäúia;r 3'3-3'6 fldgia j,ska oelafõ'
3fuu f,aLkh ixfYdaOkhg újD;h' Tfí woyia wïmdr l,dm wOHdmk ld¾hd,fha m%d:ñl wxYhg ,nd fokak'
3'1'mdi,a ,s;
1 ck 02-05 m<uqjk jdrh mgka .ekSu ^ck 02&¦ m<uqjk fYa%Ksfha isiqka ms<s.ekSfï W;aijh
2 ck 06-12
3 ck 13-19 ñ,d-ÿka-kì" ;hsfmdx.,a ^14&¦ ÿre;= fmdah ^15&¦
4 ck 20-26 wdrlaIdj ms<sn| jev igyk ^Wod&
5 c27-fm02
6 fmn 03-09 ksoyia W;aijh ^04&$fi,a,ï Èkh ^Wod&
7 fmn 10-16 kjï fmdah ^14&¦
8 fmn 17-23
9 fmn24-ud 02 uyd isj rd;%S Èkh ^27&¦ l%Svd W;aijh$fi,a,ï Èkh ^Wod&
10 ud03-ud 09
11 ud10-16 ueÈka fmdah ^16&
12 ud17-23 f,dal c, Èkh ^22&
13 ud24-30 ;;a;aj ;yjqrej$;;a;aj lj
14 ud31-wm%s06 ;;a;aj ;yjqrej$;;a;aj lj¦ wjqreÿ W;aijh$fi,a,ï Èkh ^4&
15 wm%s 07-08 m<uqjk jdrfha wjika Èkh ^8&
wjqreÿ ksjdvqj¦ wjqreÿ ^13-14&¦ nla fmdah$isßmd iufha wjik ^14&¦ uy isl=rdod^18&¦ mdial= ^20&
1 wm%s 21-27
2 wm%s 28-uehs 04
3 uehs 05-11 f,dal lïlre Èkh ^uehs 1&¦ fjila iQodku$fi,a,ï Èkh ^Wod&
4 uehs 12-18 mdie,a fjila W;aijh¦ fjila fmdah ^uehs 14$15 &
5 uehs 19-25
6 uehs 26-cQks 01 f,dal ÿïjeá úfrdaë Èkh ^30&
7 cQks 02-08 f,dal mßir Èkh ^cQks 5&$fi,a,ï Èkh ^Wod&
8 cQks 09-15 fmdfidka fmdah ^cQks 12&
9 cQks 16-22
10 cQks 23-29 u;aøjH úfrdaë Èkh ^26&
11 cQks 30-cQ,s06
12 cQ,s 07-13 f,dal ck.yk Èkh ^11&¦ wei< fmdah ^12&
13 cQ,s 14-20 ;;a;aj ;yjqrej$;;a;aj lj
14 cQ,s 21-27 ;;a;aj ;yjqrej$;;a;aj lj
15 cQ,s28-wf.da01 bâ-W,a-*sg¾ fyda rduidka ^29&¦ jdrdjidk Èkh ^wf.da 01&
1 iema 1-7 ;=kajk jdrh mgka .ekSu ^iema 01&
2 iema 08-14 ìkr fmdah ^08&¦ fi,a,ï Èkh
3 iema 15-21
4 iema 22-28 f,dal idu Èkh ^21&
5 iema 29-Tla 05 lshùfï udih¦ fi,a,ï Èkh$f,dal <ud Èkh ^1& bâ-W,a-wOd ^5&¦ fi,a,ï Èkh
6 Tla 06-12 f,dal .=re Èkh" jma fmdah ^8&
7 Tla 13-19 f,dal wdydr Èkh ^16&
8 Tla 20-26 §mdj,s ^Tla 22&
9 Tla27-fkd02 fi,a,ï Èkh ^Wod&
10 fkdje 03-09 b,a fmdah ^6&
11 fkdje 10-16
12 fkdje 17-23 ;;a;aj ;yjqrej$;;a;aj lj
13 fkdje 24-30 ;;a;aj ;yjqrej$;;a;aj lj
14 foie 1-05 jdrdjidk Èkh ^5&¦
foie 06-ck ksjdvq ld,h¦ W÷jma fmdah$isßmd iuh mgka .ekau ^6&¦ k;a;,a ^25&
jdrhi;s#
mdi,a ,s;i;sh
wm%s 09-20
1
wf.da02-wf.da 31 wf.daia;= ksjdvqj¦ kslsKs fmdah ^10&¦ YsIH;aj úNd.h ^17&
4fuu f,aLkh ixfYdaOkhg újD;h' Tfí woyia wïmdr l,dm wOHdmk ld¾hd,fha m%d:ñl wxYhg ,nd fokak'
2
3
1 ck 02-05
2 ck 06-12
3 ck 13-19
4 ck 20-26
5 c27-fm02
6 fmn 03-09
7 fmn 10-16
8 fmn 17-23
9 fmn24-ud 02
10 ud03-ud 09
11 ud10-16
12 ud17-23
13 ud24-30
14 ud31-wm%s06
15 wm%s 07-08
1 wm%s 21-27
2 wm%s 28-uehs 04
3 uehs 05-11
4 uehs 12-18
5 uehs 19-25
6 uehs 26-cQks 01
7 cQks 02-08
8 cQks 09-15
9 cQks 16-22
10 cQks 23-29
11 cQks 30-cQ,s06
12 cQ,s 07-13
13 cQ,s 14-20
14 cQ,s 21-27
15 cQ,s28-wf.da01
1 iema 1-7
2 iema 08-14
3 iema 15-21
4 iema 22-28
5 iema 29-Tla 05
6 Tla 06-12
7 Tla 13-19
8 Tla 20-26
9 Tla27-fkd02
10 fkdje 03-09
11 fkdje 10-16
12 fkdje 17-23
13 fkdje 24-30
14 foie 1-05
foie 06-ck
jdrhi;s#
mka;s ,s;i;sh
wm%s 08-20
1
wf.da 02-31
5fuu f,aLkh ixfYdaOkhg újD;h' Tfí woyia wïmdr l,dm wOHdmk ld¾hd,fha m%d:ñl wxYhg ,nd fokak'
2
3
mßirf;audj
wd.uf;audj
wjqreÿ ksjdvqj
3'2'mka;s ,s;
wf.daia;= ksjdvqj
foie 06-ck foieïn¾ ksjdvqj( k;a;,a ^24&
3'3' mka;s m%;sm;a;s yd ia:djr ls%hdldrlï
mka;s m%;sm;a;s fyda ia:djr l%shdldrlï y÷kd f.k tajd jvd ixúOdkd;aul f,i lr .ekSu ;=<ska
m%d:ñl isiqjkg ,nd Èh hq;= fndfyduhla mqoa., yd mqrjeis ksmqK;d myiqfjka u ,nd §ug
.=rejrekg yels jkq we;' WodyrK f,i m%d:ñl fY%aKs 1-5 ys ujq ni i|yd jQ úIh ud,djkayS
i|yka jk mßÈ(
mka;s ldurh ;=< isÿjk .=re-isiq wka;¾ l%shd iys; bf.kqï wjia:d muKla isiqkaf.a NdId
j¾Okhg m%udKj;a fkdfõ' NdId j¾Okh b,lal lr .;a jev igyka rdYshla mdi, ;=<
l%shd;aul úh hq;=h' tfia l%shd;aul l< yels jev igyka lsysmhla ^úIh ks¾foaYfha& oelafõ'
fïjd mdi,a yd mka;s m%;sm;a;s jYfhka ie,iqï l%shdjg kexùu úfYaIfhka wfmalaId flf¾'
tu woyia ;j ÿrg;a úIh ud,dfõ ishÆ ksmqK;d wka;¾.%yKh jkfia ÈhqKq lr .ekSu i|yd Wmfoia
ud,djla my; oelafõ''
mka;s m%;sm;a;s hkq hï mka;shl isiqka úiska lKavdhula f,i yDohdx.uj bgq flfrk p¾hdjls' fuu
m%;sm;a;sh l=ula jkafkao hkak tla tla mka;sfha fyda mka;sh ;=< lKavdhï j, iduQysl f;aÍu jkafka
kï jvd;a fyd| h' WodyrK f,i(
• mka;shla yeáhg wkkH;dj fmkajk m%;sm;a;shla we;' ^WodyrK f,i zzwm mka;sfha wms iEu
fmdfydhlg u fmr Èk iqÿ u,la /f.k mdi,g tkafkuqZZ&
• iEu isiqjl=gu mka;sfha msßisÿ lu" ms<sfj< yd w,xlrKh fyda fjk;a fohla ms<sn| mqoa.,sl
j.lSula we;'
• mka;shla yeáhg fyda mka;sfha lKavdhï yeáhg j.lSï tlla fyda jeä .Kkla we;'
² mka;shla fyda mka;sfha lKavdhu f,i mdif,a hï jmißhl fyda ia:dkhl msßisÿ lu"
ms<sfj< yd w,xlrKh ms<sn| j.lSu Ndr f.k ta .ek l%shd;aul ùu'
² f.j;a;la" Tiq Whkla fyda i;=kag lEu fok ,E,a,la jeks foa mj;ajd .ekSu
² mdi, wjg .ejfik nÆ n<Æka we;=¿ i;=kaf.a iqj ÿla fidhd ne,Su
² hï hdka;%sl fyda ;dlaIKsl fiajhl fh§u WodyrK f,i hï mka;shla úiska ;u mßyrKh
i|yd bial=remamq kshkla imhdf.k mdif,a fviala mqgq f.aÜgq wdÈh ksis mßÈ mj;ajd f.k
hdug odhl ùug bÈßm;a ùug mq¿jk'&
² udislj fyda jdßlj flfrk .s,dfkdamia:dkh jeks m%cd i;aldrhlg iyNd.S ùu
ia:djr l%shdldrlï hkq mka;s m%;sm;a;s fyda mka;sfha fyda mdif,a fjk;a wjYH;d i|yd jirlg"
jdrhlg" udihlg" i;shlg fyda Èklg jrla ksYaÑ; Èkhl fyda hï ld, mrdihla ;=< flfrk
l%shdldrlï h'
WodyrK f,i(
ojfia fmr iQodku( tla tla mka;sh úiska mdie, mgka .ekSug fmr ld,h ;=< iduQyslj f;dard .;a hï
ksYaÑ; mámdáhla ms<smeÈh yel' WodyrKhla f,i tu ld,h ixúOdkd;aul f,i mka;sh yd
mka;sh wjg msßisÿ lr .ekSug fhdod .; yel' tu ld,h ;=< isiqka iqmÍlaIKh lsÍu ms<sn|j
úÿy,am;s yd idlÉPd lr ;SrKhla .; hq;=h''
WoEik /iaùu( okgu;a iEu mdi,lu mdfya WoEik /iaùu hkq úIh oekqug wu;rj mqoa., yd mqrjeis
ksmqK;d ,ndfok wjia:djla f,i fhdod f.k we;' tla tla mka;sh fyda mka;sfha lKavdhula
u.ska bgq flfrk j.lSu fyda i;aldrhka ms<sn|j ksfõok lsÍugo WoEik /iaùu fhdod .;
yelsh'
6fuu f,aLkh ixfYdaOkhg újD;h' Tfí woyia wïmdr l,dm wOHdmk ld¾hd,fha m%d:ñl wxYhg ,nd fokak'
WoEik idlÉPdj( WoEik m%jD;a;s" fmr ojfia § mdif,a fyda f.or úfYaI isÿùï ms<sn| jd¾;d lsÍu yd
idlÉPdj i|yd fufyhqula Èkm;d l%shd;aul lsÍu ;=<ska wka;¾-mqoa., in|;d" ikaksfõokh"
f;dr;=re ,nd .ekSu" lKavdhula ;=< woyia fnod .ekSu jeks mqoa., ksmqK;d rdYshla j¾Okh
ksrdhdifhka u isÿ lr .; yel'
lEu fõ,dj( wfma wdydr hk mßir f;audj ms<sn| ksmqK;d ksrka;r w;aoelSï ;=<ska m%.=K lsÍu i|yd
Èkm;d wdydr fõ, wjia:djla lr.kak' WodyrK f,i fgdaÜfgda pdx fmdf;a zzuqyqÿ wyr f.dv
wyrZZ mßÉfþoh n,kak&'
l;kaor$.S$rx.k$jdok$ks¾udK úrduh( ujqni úIh ud,dfõ ks¾foaY flfrk mßÈ mka;s mqia;ld,
Ndú;h" fmd;a m;a i`.rd yqjudrej" pß;dfrdams; l;d" N=ñld rx.k" rx.k yd rEmK"
ks¾udKd;aul f,aLk" moH$.oH ks¾udK" Ñ;%" ldgQka Ñ;%" ksioeia ixl,amkd iys; ì;a;s mqj;a m;
fyda ks¾udK meÿr wd§ lghq;=j, fh§ug i;shlg ksYaÑ; ld, fõ,d lsysmhla fhdod .kak' fuu
lghq;= yels;dla ÿrg i;sfha wdjrKh lsÍug n,dfmdfrd;a;= jk NdId" mßir yd fjk;a ksmqK;d
iu. .<md .kak'
t<suyka úrduh( iEu Èkl u ñks;a;= 15 la fyda jeä úrduhla ,nd f.k ;u ;ukaf.a j.lSï fyda m%cd
i;aldrh bgq lsÍug fyda f.j;af;a fyda Tiq Whfka me<Eá yd .ia j¾." j;a;g hk tk l=re,a,ka"
l=reÆ lEu ,E,a," mdf¾ hk tk jdyk" tÈfkod wyi" ld,.=Kh yd wdÈ f;dard.;a iajdNdúl
ia:dkhla fyda ixisoaêhla flf¾ ksoyfia wjOdkh fhduq lsÍug isiqkg wjia:djla fokak' iuyr
isiqka bÈ lsÍï jev" hdka;%sl jev fyda ;dlaIKsl lghq;=j, fh§ug jvd leue;a;la olajkafka
kï ta i|yd wjYH nvq uqÜgq yd fuj,ï mj;ajd f.k hdug iqÿiq fgla ldurhla’ fyda fjk;a bvla
isiqkg ,nd fokak' fuu úrduh mdi, mgka .ekSug fmr fyda miqj úh yelsh'
.fõIK$ksÍlaIK pdßld( mehla fyda Bg jeä ld,hla fhdodf.k foi;shlg jrlaj;a
ksÍlaIK$.fõIK pdßldjla lrkak' fï i|yd mdi,a j;af;a u tla tla iSud" wi, we< fyda jej"
mdr whsk fyda lv uKaäh o wjia:dkql+,j f;dard .kak' fuys § me<Eá yd .ia je,a" wm wjg isák
i;a;=" wdrlaIdj yd mßiaiu" f.j;a;" ñksia yeisÍï" fmdf<dj yd wyi" wfma hy meje;au yd
fjk;a mßir f;aud j,ska wjia:dkql+, j ,nd Èh yels oekqu fyda ksmqK;d f;dard .kak' wod<
foi;sh i|yd f;dard .;a mßir f;audjg fuu pdßldj, § jeä wjOdkhla Èh yelsh'
m%cdi;aldr( mka;shla yeáhg f;dard .;a m%cd i;aldrhla$i;aldrhka i|yd ksYaÑ; ld, mrdihla fhdod
.kak' fuh t<suyka úrduh fyda ojfia fmr iQodku hk wjia:d
fi,a,ï iekaoEj( .=rejreka yd isiqka l%Svd we÷fuka fyda myiq we÷ulska ieris ;=ka hu isyskh fmdf;a
zzfi,a,ï iekaoEjZZ jeks fyda fjk;a ieye,aÆ l%shdldrlï j,ska msreKq Èkhla fyda iekaoEjla
uilg jrla ixúOdkh lrkak' fuys§ o tu udih i|yd f;dard .;a mßir f;audj,g jeä
wjOdkhla fokak' oekgu;a .=rew;afmd;a j, ks¾foaY lr we;s úúO m%ix." m%o¾Yk" is`.s;s fmd<"
wd.ñl yd ixialD;sl jev igyka" <ud idys;Hh udih w<,d fi,a,ï iekaoEj ixúOdkh lr .;
yel'
2013 j¾Ifha§ hym;a wOHdmkh i|yd jQ jHdmdrh u.ska fjfyr., yd mdodf.dv mdi,aj,§
w;ayod n,kakg fhÿk zz? l|jqrZZ ixl,amh fuys§ wdo¾Yhg .; yelsh' fujeks ? lojqre i|yd
mdvï ie,eiau ieliSfï § fmdf<dj yd wyi f;audfjka fukau i;a;=" wfma w;S; ú;a;s" jev myiq
lrk ux hkd§ úúO f;aud j,ska wfmalaIs; ksmqK;d tla lr .; yelsh' msyskqï ;gdl ke;=jdg
7fuu f,aLkh ixfYdaOkhg újD;h' Tfí woyia wïmdr l,dm wOHdmk ld¾hd,fha m%d:ñl wxYhg ,nd fokak'
wïmdf¾ isiqkg uilg jrla hdno wef<a fyda jefõ iduQysl j c, l%svd lsÍfï wjia:djla ,nd §u
.ek o l,amkd l< uekú'
fï iEu l%shdldrlula u <ud ñ;=re yd <ud flakaøSh úh hq;=h' m%N+ka tla lrf.k mj;ajk
ixlS¾K W;aij fkdúh hq;=h' iekaoE W;aijhla kï idudkHfhka rd;%s 7-8 ka Tíng Èla fkdúh'
hq;=h' .=rejrekg yd foudmshkag wkjYHh f,i fujeks l%shdldrlï iji 1-7 olajd ld,h ;=<
meje;aùu fyda fjk;a fjkialï i|yd úÿy,am;sjrhd úiska l,dm wOHlaI jrhd oekqj;a lrñka
l%shd;aul jkq we;'
fjk;a l%shdldrlï( ,S,dkkao .udÉÑf.a zyß mqÿu biafldaf,aZ mßj¾;kh fyda oUdfka .=Kj¾Okhkaf.a
zz;=ka hu isyskhZZ fmd; wdY%fhka fyda fjk;a uQ,dY%l fhdod f.k fjk;a l%shdldrlï ie,iqï
lr .; yelsh'
mka;s m%;sm;a;s yd ia:djr l%shdldrlï ixúOdkh lr .ekSug my; oelafjk wdlD;s fhdod .kak' jir
mqrdu wjYH f,i m%;sm;a;s yd l%shdldrlï tla lr .kak' úÿy,am;sjrhd yd mdif,a ;;a;aj ljh iu. ta
woyia fnod .kak' hï lreKq jd¾Isl ,sf;a o i|yka jQj;a fuu igyk mQ¾K lsÍu i|yd kej; tajd fuys
i|yka lrkak' fuu wdlD;skag wjYHh muKska ;j;a fma<s tl;= lr .kak'
mka;s m%;sm;a;s
m%;sm;a;sh úia;rh,nd fok ksmqK;djka ^wxl
iys;j&
ia:djr l%shdldrlï-jd¾Isl
l%shdldrlu úia;rh,nd fok ksmqK;djka ^wxl
iys;j&
8fuu f,aLkh ixfYdaOkhg újD;h' Tfí woyia wïmdr l,dm wOHdmk ld¾hd,fha m%d:ñl wxYhg ,nd fokak'
1'
2'
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6'
7'
8'
1'
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7'
8'
ia:djr l%shdldrlï-ffoksl
l%shdldrlu úia;rh,nd fok ksmqK;djka ^wxl
iys;j&
1'
2'
3'
4'
5'
6'
7'
8'
ia:djr l%shdldrlï-i;sm;d
ia:djr l%shdldrlï-jdßl
l%shdldrlu
l%shdldrlu
úia;rh
úia;rh
,nd fok ksmqK;djka ^wxl iys;j&
,nd fok ksmqK;djka ^wxl iys;j&
9fuu f,aLkh ixfYdaOkhg újD;h' Tfí woyia wïmdr l,dm wOHdmk ld¾hd,fha m%d:ñl wxYhg ,nd fokak'
1'
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7'
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3'4' ld, igyk
m%d:ñl wOHdmkfhka wfmalaIs; ksmqK;d jeä fldgila b.ekaùfuka fkdj m%S;sh okjk fi,a,ï"
ie,iqï.; l%shd yd wiqka.;a l%shdjkays iqÿiq ixl,khla f,i w;aoelSï ;=<ska ,nd Èh hq;= tajd h'
tu ksid m%d:ñl wjêfha ld, igyk ilia úh hq;af;a úIhhka wkqj fkdj l%shdldrlï wkqj h
1' jir uq,§ u tla tla .=rejrhd úiska úÿy,am;sjrhd yd mdif,a ;;a;aj ljh yd idlÉPd ;=<ska
;u mka;sh i|yd fmdÿ ld, igykla idod .; hq;=h'
2' oekg mdi,a moaO;sfha l%shd;aul jk úIh uQ,sl ld, igykg isr fkdù úIh ud,dfjka
wfmalaId flfrk ksmqK;d mdol yd l%shdldrlï uq,a lr.;a bf.kqï b.ekaùï l%shdj,shla m%Odk
lr .ksñka Tnf.a ld, igyk idod .kak'
3' tu ld, igykg yels;dla ÿrg mka;s m%;sm;a;s yd ia:djr l%shdldrlï tl;= lr .ekSfuka
isiqkg mqoa., yd mqrjeis ksmqK;djka ksrdhdifhka ,nd §fï wjia:dj i,id .kak'
4' wiqka .; l%shd ;=<ska wjOdkh ,nd Èh hq;= .Ks;h yd ujqni úIh tallhka i|yd ksYaÑ; ld,
fõ,djla fhdod .; yel' YÍr iqj;dj i|yd o tfiau ld,Éfþohla fjka lr .kak'
5' mßirh yd wd.u úIhka b.ekaùu yd bf.kqu iïmQ¾Kfhka u fi,a,ï yd ie,iqï.;
l%shdldrlï yryd isÿ úh hq;=h' wiqka .; l%shdjka tu fi,a,ï yd l%shdldrlï i|yd fmr
iQodku fyda m%;HdfõlaIKhg iSud úh hq;=h' bx.%sis yd oñ< .=rejreka tu fmr iQodkug "
l%shdldrlï j,g fyda m%;HdfõlaIKhg iqÿiq f,i iyNd.S lr .; hq;=hs' tjeks fi,a,ï yd
ie,iqï.; l%shdldrlïj,g my; i|yka wx. fyda fjk;a ks¾udKYS,S wx. tl;= lr .kak'
• l;kaor$.S$rx.k$jdok$ks¾udK$ridiajdo úrduh t<suyka úrduh
• .fõIK$ksÍlaIK pdßld
• m%cdi;aldr
• fi,a,ï iekaoEj
• fjk;a l%shdldrlï
6' .=re w;afmd;aj, i;shl ld, mrdihla i|yd ks¾foaY lr we;s ld,Éfþohka ^tkï ujqni" me5¦
.Ks;h" me 5¦ mßirh" me 6¦ bx.%sis" me3¦ fojk NdIdj" me1¦ wd.u" me2¦ Woh /iaùu yd wd.ñl
j;dj;a" me1 ñ15¦ úfõl ld,h" me1 ñ40¦ YÍr iqj;dj" me2 ñ05¦ úIh iu.dó l%shdldrlï" ñ30&
Tnf.a tla tla i;sfha ld, igyk iE§u i|yd wdOdr lr .kak'
7' mdif,ka msg ksÍlaIKhla i|yd hdu fyda fjk;a úfYaIs; l%shdldrlï ms<sn| j úÿy,am;sjrhd
oekqj;a lsÍu .=rejrhdf.a j.lSuhs'
8' wjia:dkql+, j i;sfha ld, igyfka hï hï fjkialï wjYH kï wxY m%OdkS fyda úÿy,am;sjrhd
oekqj;a lrñka tu fjkialï lsÍu l< hq;=h'
9' iEu i;shla fyda foi;shla i|ydu ;u fmdÿ ld, igyk wdY%fhka mdvu ie,iqï lr .; hq;= h'
10fuu f,aLkh ixfYdaOkhg újD;h' Tfí woyia wïmdr l,dm wOHdmk ld¾hd,fha m%d:ñl wxYhg ,nd fokak'
)wjYH f,i fi,a,ï fyda ie,iqï.; l%shdldrlï i|yd uq¿ ojila fyda ojfika fldgila we;=¿ jk
f,i ffoksl mdvï ie,iqu ilid .; yel' .Ks;h fyda ujq ni mdvï tu l%shdldrlï i|yd fmr
iQodkï f,io fhdod .; yel'
mka;s ld, igyk
ld,Éfþoh i`ÿod w`.yrejdod nodod n%yiam;skaod isl=rdod
iQodku)
WoEik /iaùu)
YÍr iqj;dj
.Ks;h
ujq ni
fi,a,ï fyda ie,iqï.; l%shdldrlï
fi,a,ï fyda ie,iqï.; l%shdldrlï
m%;HdfõlaIKh yd miq Èkg iQodku)
iqyo idlÉPdj)
YÍr iqj;dj YÍr iqj;dj YÍr iqj;dj YÍr iqj;dj
.Ks;h
ujq ni
fi,a,ï fyda ie,iqï.; l%shdldrlï
fi,a,ï fyda ie,iqï.; l%shdldrlï
.Ks;h .Ks;h
ujq ni ujq ni
fi,a,ï fyda ie,iqï.; l%shdldrlï
fi,a,ï fyda ie,iqï.; l%shdldrlï
fi,a,ï fyda ie,iqï.; l%shdldrlï
fi,a,ï fyda ie,iqï.; l%shdldrlï
.Ks;h
ujq ni
fi,a,ï fyda ie,iqï.; l%shdldrlï
fi,a,ï fyda ie,iqï.; l%shdldrlï
17(00-7(30
27(30-8(00
37(30-8(00
4
5
6
7
8
9
wdo¾Y ld, igyk ^WodyrKhla f,i muKs'&
ld,Éfþoh i`ÿod w`.yrejdod nodod n%yiam;skaod isl=rdod
11fuu f,aLkh ixfYdaOkhg újD;h' Tfí woyia wïmdr l,dm wOHdmk ld¾hd,fha m%d:ñl wxYhg ,nd fokak'
3'5' jdr ie,iqu yd ffoksl jd¾;dj
wïmdr l,dmfha m%d:ñl mdi,aj, .=rejreka jk Tn yels ;rï z,smsldrZ jev j,ska ksoyia lr Tnf.a
mQ¾K wjOdkh ksmqK;d mdol" YsIH flakaÞsh" l%shdldrlï uq,a lr .;a yd úIh ifudaOdks;j flfrk
i¾jdxYsl wOHdmk ixj¾Okhla flfrys fhduq lsÍug wjYH myiqlï ie,iSu fuu mka;s jd¾;d
wdlD;sfha wruqKhs'
oekg Y%s ,xldfõ mdie,a moaO;sfha fmdÿ Ndú;hg wkqj jdr igyk hkq j¾Ih ;=< ksu l< hq;= úIh
tallhka j¾Ifha jdr ;=k yryd WÑ; f,i fnod olajk igykls' idudkHfhka tjeks igyklg wjYH
ld, mrdih" fhdað; wdrïNl Èkh yd wjika lrk Èkh o we;=<;a fõ'
ffoksl jd¾;dj fyda mka;s jd¾;dj hkq tla tla Èkfha § .=rejrhd úiska wdjrKh lrk ,o úIh
tallhka ms<sn| jd¾;djls' thg úIh tallh yd wkq tall iu. wdrïNl fj,dj yd wjika lrk fj,dj
we;=<;a fõ'
tu mka;s jd¾;dj myiqfjka ieliSu i|yd cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh úiska ks¾foaYs; úIhud,dfõ wvx.=
ishÆ ksmqK;djkays ixhq;shla .=re w;afmd;a wdY%fhka ilialr Tng fuys§ ,nd foa' m<df;a wOHdmk
ld¾h idOk b,lal ms<sìUq jk f,i fuu ixhq;sh mqoa.," mqrjeis yd úIh ksmqK;d hk mq¿,a j¾.SlrKh
hgf;a ixúOdkh flreKq mqoa., ksmqK;d ldKav 20 lska o mqrjeis ksmqK;d ldKav 4 lska o úIh ksmqK;d
ldKav 7 lska o iukaú; fõ' fuu ixhq;sh fhdod .ekSfuka jdr igyk yd mka;s jd¾;d fmd; hkq folla
fkdj tlu igykla f,i ilid .; yel'
mqoa., yd mqrjeis ksmqK;d
mqoa., yd mqrjeis ksmqK;djka fndfyduhla mdi,a fyda mka;s m%;sm;a;s ;=<ska mdi,a Ôú;fha fldgila
f,i ,nd §u jvd fhda.Hh fõ' tu ksid jdr ie,iqula f,i tjeks mqoa., fyda mqrjeis ksmqK;dj bÈßfhka
wod< mka;s m%;sm;a;sh i|yka lrkak WodyrK f,i jdßl m%;sm;a;s wxl 2&' tla tla ksmqK;dj j¾Okh
lsÍu i|yd mka;s m%;sm;a;s ;=<ska fyda fjk;a úIh ifudaOdksl l%shdldrlï ;=<ska jdrhlg fojrlaj;a
Tnf.a wjOdkh fhduq úh hq;=h' tfia wjOdkh fhduq lsÍug yels jQ Èkhka fuys olajkak'
úIh ksmqK;d
úIh ksmqK;d i|yd wdlD;sfha zie,iquZ ;Srefõ tla tla jdrfha ;ud wdjrKh lsÍug n,dfmdfrd;a;= jk
ksmqK;d i|yd j¾Ih uq, § ;s;la ;nkak' tfia iïmQ¾K lrk ,o ie,eiau Tn úÿyf,a wxY m%Odk fyda
úÿy,am;sg ,nd § we;s zúÿyf,a msgm;gZ o tla lrkak' iEu ojila wjidkfha u wdrïN lrk ,o
ksmqK;d yd wdjrKh flreKq ksmqK;d i|yd ms<sfj<ska zwerUquZyd zwjikZ ;SrE j, wod< Èkh oukak'
tu igyka úÿyf,a msgm;g o tÈk u tla lrkak'
12fuu f,aLkh ixfYdaOkhg újD;h' Tfí woyia wïmdr l,dm wOHdmk ld¾hd,fha m%d:ñl wxYhg ,nd fokak'
jdr ie,iqï yd ffoksl jd¾;d mj;ajd .ekSu i|yd ksmqK;d ixhqla;h
fuys oelafjk mqoa., yd mqrjeis ksmqK;djka lÜg,h m%d:ñl fYa%Ks myu i|yd ks¾foaYs; w;HdjYH yd
fmdÿ ksmqK;djkaf.a ixl,khls' ;rejlska ,l=Kq lr we;af;a w;HjYHh ksmqK;djhka h' iuyr
ksmqK;djka Tnf.a mka;shg wod< fkdjkq we;' wksla w;g Tn úiska fuf;la id¾:l j m%.=K lrjk ,o
hï ksmqK;djka fuu cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kfhka ks¾foaYs; ksmqK;d ixhqla;fha wvx.= fkdjkq we;'
tu wjia:djkayS § Tnf.a mdif,a ;;a;aj ljh yd wod< .=re WmfoaYljrhd iu. idlÉPd lsÍfuka
wk;=re j Tn úiska jif¾ wdjrKh lsÍug n,dfmdfrd;a;= jk mqoa., fyda mqrjeis ksmqK;djka wjYH
f,i wvq jeä lr .ekSug mka;s Ndr .=rejrhd f,i Tng wjldYh we;'
mqoa., ksmqK;d
3jk jdrh
mdif,a§ lrk wd.ñl j;dj;aj,g ixjrj iyNd.S fjhs)
ksis iQodkulska hqla; j ksjerÈ j wd.ñl j;dj;aj, fhfohs
;u wd.ug wkqj mej;sh hq;= jkaokd l%u wkq.ukh lrhs)
cd;sl fldähg yd mdi,a fldähg wNsudkfhka hq;= j .re lrhs)
mdi,a Och flfrys f.!rjdkaú; j yeisfrhs
ksjerÈ bßhõfjka isáñka cd;sl .Sh wNsudkfhka hq;= j .dhkd lrhs)
.=rejrekag f.!rj lrhs' wdpdrYS,S j l;d lrhs
mka;shg meñfKk wuq;a;ka flfrys wdpdrYS,S j yeisfrhs
wjia:dkql+, j wdpdrYS,S j l;d ny lrhs' yeisfrhs)
Wojq wjYH wjia:dj, fkdmels, j bÈßm;a fjhs)
ksmqK;djwod< m%;sm;a;sh
fyda ia:djr l%shdldrlu
1jk jdrh
2jk jdrh
1-hy meje;au^úkh.rel$wd.udkql+, $wdpdrYS,S$.=K.rel&
2-idOkSh meje;au^msßisÿ lu$ms<sfj<$wdrlaId ùu&
fm!oa.,sl msßisÿlu .ek ie,ls,su;a j lghq;= lrhs
ysi" o;a" ksh msßisÿj ;nd .kshs
wdydr .ekSug fmr w;a msßisÿ lr .kshs)
mdi,g meñfKk úg weÿï ms<sfj<lg we|f.k ths
;ukaf.a fmd; m; .re ire we;sj Ndú;d lrhs
mßyrKh lrk ,o WmlrKyd øjH ksis ;ek ;nhs)
YÍrh iunr j ;nd f.k weúÈhs)
isg .ekSfï" b| .ekSfï yd weúÈfï ksjerÈ bßhõ m%o¾Ykh lrhs)
fmdf,djg wähla muK by<ska ;sriaj ;nk ,o oKavla u; iunr j weúÈhs)
fm!oa.,sl wdrlaIdj .ek ie,ls,su;a fjhs
mdf¾ mhska .uka lsÍfï § ol=Kq miska .uka lrhs)
frda.j,ska wdrlaId ùu i|yd ksjerÈ ms<sfj;a wkq.ukh lrhs)
Ndú;hg .kakd WmlrK mßyrKh lrñka ksis ;ek ;nhs)
Ndú;hg .kakd WmlrK wdrlaIdldÍj mßyrKh lrñka ksis ;ek ;nhs)
13fuu f,aLkh ixfYdaOkhg újD;h' Tfí woyia wïmdr l,dm wOHdmk ld¾hd,fha m%d:ñl wxYhg ,nd fokak'
jevla wjidkfha WmlrK yd ia:dkh msßisÿ lrhs
bjiSfuka hq;= j wka whg ijka fohs
l;d nfya § m%sh jpk Ndú;d lrhs
ish woyia iykYS,S j m%ldY lrhs
wka wh;a iu. iqyo j l;d ny lrhs
wkHhka flfrys iydkqN+;slj lghq;= lrhs
mdif,a lghq;= j,§ wkHhka iu`. iyfhda.fhka lghq;= lrhs
wkHhka iu. iyfhda.fhka lghq;= lrhs
;ukaf.a foa fuka u wfkHdakaf.a foa o w.h lrhs
wkHhkaf.a yelshd yd hy.=K w.h lrhs
wkHhkag Wojq lsÍug leue;a;la olajhs
iqyo f,i wkakHkaf.ka Wojq ,nd .kshs
wkHhkag Wojq lsÍug leue;a;la olajhs
Wojq wjYH wjia:d ye¢k f.k Wojq lrhs
wkHhka flfrys ixfõ§ j lghq;= lrhs)
tÈfkod wjYH;d i|yd .=rejreka yd isiqka iu. iqyo j l;d ny lrhs)
3-mqoa.,dka;r in|;d
4-ikaksfõokh
tÈfkod mka;s ldurfha ,efnk úOdkj,g m%;spdr olajhs
mka;s ldurh ;=< .=rejrhd úiska fokq ,nk ir, jdÑl Wmfoila ^lreKq folla wvx.=& wkqj l%shd lrhs)
;ud wid we;s l;kaorhla wkqms<sfj<ska meyeÈ,s j mka;sh bÈßfha lshhs)
f;dr;=re l%udkql+, j jd¾;d lrhs
w;aoelSula fyda ÿgq isoaêhla fyda wkqms<sfj<ska m%ldY lrhs)
weiQ mKsúvhla ksjerÈ j ,shd .kshs)
ÿgq isoaêhla meyeÈ,s j úia;r lrhs)
ksfõokhg ijka § jeo.;a lreKq wjfndaO lr f.k mjihs)
mqj;am;a .=jka úÿ,sh yd rEmjdysksh u.ska ,nd .kakd wdrxÑ mka;sfha m%ldY lrhs
uqøs; yd úoHq;a udOHj,ska ,nd .kakd wdrxÑ ms,sn| ;u u;h m%ldY lrhsikaksfõok udOH Ndú;fhka ,nd .kakd ld,Sk f;dr;=rla bÈßm;a lrhs)
5-l%Svd
ir, kS;s Í;s wkq.ukh lrñka l%Svdj, fhfohs
weú§u" Èùï" mekSï wdY%s; l%Svdj, fhfohs
mkaÿ we,a,Su yd ùis lsÍu wdYS%; l%Svdj, fhfohs
mkaÿjla t,a,hg ùislrhs' ;ud fj; tjQ mkaÿj w,a,h)
fmdf<djg wähla muK by<ska ;sria j ;nk ,o oKavla u; iunr j weúÈhs)
6-.dhk$jdok fyda rx.k
lú .S .dhkd yd rx.k bÈßm;a lrhs
pß; ksrEmKj, fhfohs
14fuu f,aLkh ixfYdaOkhg újD;h' Tfí woyia wïmdr l,dm wOHdmk ld¾hd,fha m%d:ñl wxYhg ,nd fokak'
wdfoaY NdKav fhdod .ksñka iuQy jdokfha fhfohsixp,k l%shdldrlïj, fhfohsksis ßoauhg wkqj ixp,k l%shdldrlïj, fhfohslúhla fyda .S;hla fyda rx.khla iys; j ;ks j .dhkd lrhs)pß;dfrdams; j rx.kfha fhfohs);d, ;eîfuka fyda rx.kfhka hq;=j iduQysl .dhkhg tla fjhs'ir, lúhla" .Shla ;d,dkql+, j ;ks ;ks j .dhkd lrhs)iduQysl m%ix.hl § .dhkfhka fyda jdokfhka fydarx.kfhka fyda odhl fjhs)
7-úúO ks¾udK
;u woyila ks¾udKYS,S j ,shd m%ldY lrhs)leu;s udOHhla Ndú; lr ksoyia Ñ;%hla we| thska ksrEmKh jk foa úia;r lrhs'Ñ;%hla ksoyfia we| th meyeÈ,s lrhs'w;aoelSula Ñ;%hla u.ska m%ldY lr úia;r lrhs';u woyia yd ye`.sï Ñ;% u.ska m%ldY lrhsújO wjia:d Ñ;% u.ska m%ldY lrhs
ueyqï f.;=ï weiqfrka ks¾udK lrhs
rgd yd fudaia;r ks¾udK lrhs
;u m%foaY wdY%s; iïm;a weiqfrka ir, ks¾udKhla lrhs'fjk;a úúO øjh Ndú;fhka ks¾udK lrhs'
8-lshùu$ridiajdoh
ir, lú" ke<ú,s lú' <ud .Sj,g ijka foñka
úkaokh ,nhs l;kaorj,g ijka foñka úkaokh ,nhs
<ud kdgH krUñka úkaokhla ,nhs
ldgQka" <ud kdgH" Ñ;% l:d " fmd;a lshjd
úkaokhla ,nhs
ì;a;s mqj;am;a" ks¾udK meÿr lshjd m%;spdr olajhs
lshùfï mqreoao m%o¾Ykh lrhsfmd;a tl;= lrf.kyqjudre lr .ksñka lshjd m%;spdr olajhs
fmd;l mgqk Ndú; lrhs
10-f;dr;=re ,nd .ekSu yd Wmfhda.S lr .ekSu
tÈfkod mka;s ldurfha ,efnk úOdkj,g m%;spdr olajhs
lreKq oek .ekSu i|yd m%Yak lrhsfhduq lrk lreKlg wod<j lreKq /ia lrhsjeäysáhkaf.ka yd fjk;a wod< mqoa.,hkaf.ka lreKq úuiñka f;dr;=re /ia lsÍug Wkkaÿ fjhs'ksfõokhlg ijka § wjfndaO lrf.k jeo.;a lreKq igyka ;nd .kshs)
fkdokakd foa oek .ekSug yd wjYH lreKq jvd;a meyeÈ,s lr .eksug wdpdrYS,S j m%Yak lrhs)
15fuu f,aLkh ixfYdaOkhg újD;h' Tfí woyia wïmdr l,dm wOHdmk ld¾hd,fha m%d:ñl wxYhg ,nd fokak'
11-;dlaIKsl$Ys,amSh yelshdj
;udg idfmalaI j ju;a mi yd ol=K;a mi msysá jia;= kï lrhs)m%Odk ÈYd y;r y÷kd f.k ffoksl wjYH;d i|yd Ndú; lrhs)mka;s ldurfha o< ie,eiaula w¢hs'fhduq lrk o< ie,eiaula hgf;a o< wdlD;s ks¾udKh lrhs'bÈlgq kQ,a Ndú;fhka we÷ulg fnd;a;ula w,a,h'ySka kQ,a ÿjùfuka frÈ lE,s folla uQÜgq lrhs'WmlrK ksjerÈ j Ndú;d lrhsl;=rlska odrh Èf.a lmd mska;+rhla fjka lr .kshs'È." nr yd Odß;dj wdY%s;j tÈfkod Ôú;fha § uqyqK fok .egÆ úi|hs';udf.a f;dr;=re weiqßka wdlD;s m;%hla ksjerÈj mqrjhs'wdlD;s m;%hla ksjerÈ j iï¾mQ¾K lrhs'bÈßm;a lrkq ,nk jev igykla msgm;a lrhs'wdrdOkd m;%hla lshjd tys jeo.;a lreKq m%ldY lrhs'j.=jl we;s f;dr;=re jdÑl j úia;r lrhs';Sr m%ia;drhlska bÈßm;a lrkq ,nk f;dr;=re lshjhs';Sr m%ia;drhla lshjd jeo.;a lreKq wjfndaO lr .kshs';u <eÈhd yd reÑl;ajhkag wod< l=i,;djla j¾Okh lr m%o¾Ykh lrhs'
12-.fõIKYS,S$úpdrYS,Snj
lreKq oek .ekSu ioyd m%Yak lrhs'fhduq lrk lreKlg wod<j lreKq /ia lrhsjeäysáhkaf.ka yd fjk;a wod< mqoa.,hkaf.ka lreKqúuiñka f;dr;=re /ia lsÍug Wkkaÿ fjhsw;ayod ne,Sïj,g yd m%dfhda.sl l%shdldrlïj,gWkkaÿfjka iyNd.S fjhsir, w;ayod ne,Sï lrhsir, mÍlaIKj, fhfoñka f;dr;=re jd¾;d lrhsir, mÍlaIKhl wkdjrKh m%ldY lrhs'.fõIKYS,S j jevl kshef<hsúpdrYS,Sj jevl kshef<hskj oekqu fidhd .ekSu i|yd úúO l%u Wmfhda.S lr .ekSug fm<fò'ksÍlaIK yd mÍlaIK u.ska wkdjrKh lr .kakdf;dr;=re jd¾;d lrhs'uqyqK fok hï lsis .egÆjlg úi÷ï lsysmhla bÈßm;a lrhs'
13-ks¾udKYS,S nj
ks¾udKYS,S j ld¾hhl kshef<hs
14-iajhx bf.kqfï fh§u
iajhx bf.kqug fm<fUhsiajhx bf.kqfuys fhfoñka wkHhka oekqj;a lrhs,sÅ; j bÈßm;a lrk ;u ms<s;=re ms<sn| j iajhx we.hSul fhfohs)
16fuu f,aLkh ixfYdaOkhg újD;h' Tfí woyia wïmdr l,dm wOHdmk ld¾hd,fha m%d:ñl wxYhg ,nd fokak'
15-lKavdhul jev lsÍfï yelshdj
hula lsÍug leue;af;ka bÈßm;afjhs
kdhl;ajhg .re lr lghq;= lrhs
lKavdhula ;< iyfhda.fhka lghq;= lrhs'
jevla iduQysl j lsÍu ;=<ska tys jeä id¾:l;ajhla w;a ú¢hs'
iduQysl ld¾hhla ie,iqï lsÍfï isg id¾:l j ksu lsÍuf;la odhl fjhs'
tlaj lghq;= lsÍfuka jev myiq jk nj wjfndaO lrf.k l%shd lrhs'jevla iduQysl j lsÍu ;=<ska tys jeä id¾:l;ajhla w;a ú¢hs'
iduQysl ld¾hhla ie,iqï lsÍfï isg id¾:lj ksu lsÍu f;la odhl fjhs'
lKavdhï jYfhka wdydrhla$mdkhla ms<sfh< lrhs'
kdhl;ajh yd iïnkaO mjrk ,o j.lSula ksis f,i bgq lrhs';ud wjg mßirfha we;s øjH Wmfhda.S lr f.k lKavdhula jYfhka ksudjla iys; ks¾udKhla lr i;=gq fjhs'
16-jefvys fh§u
tÈfkod m%Odk ld¾hhka lSmhla ld, igyklg wkqj bgq lrhs'ksudjla olsk ;=re wjOdkfhka jev lrhsksudjla olsk ;=re Wkkaÿfjka jev lrhswdrïNfha isg wjidkh f;la jevl kshef<hsmeyeÈ,s ksudjla iys;j ld¾hhla wjika lrhs
fuu f,aLkh ixfYdaOkhg újD;h' Tfí woyia wïmdr l,dm wOHdmk ld¾hd,fha m%d:ñl wxYhg ,nd fokak'
mqrjeis ksmqK;d
17
21-fmdÿ iïm;a iq/lSu
tÈfkod Ndú;d lrk NKav yd WmlrK wdrlaIdldÍ j mßyrKh lr wdrlaIdldÍ j ksis ;ek ;nhs';u mka;s ldurfha we;s iïm;a wdrlaId jk f,i mßyrKh lrhs'mka;s ldurh ;=< mßyrKh lrk ,o WmlrK yd øjH ksis ;ek ;nhs'fjk;a fmdÿ jia;+ka o ie,ls,af,ka mßyrKh lrhs'fmdÿ jia;+ka wdrlaId lrñka wkHhka o ta i|yd Wkkaÿ lrhs
22-fmdÿ lghq;= j, fhoSu'
fmdÿ lghq;= i|yd leue;af;ka bÈßm;a fjhs'fmdÿ lghq;=j, § wkHhka iu`. iyfhda.fhka lghq;= lrhs'jgmsgdfõ msßisÿlu .ek ie,ls,su;a fjhs'wjg mßirh mú;%j ;nd .ekSug odhl fjhs';u mdi, ;=< lrk fmdÿ lghq;=j, § wfkHdakH iyfhda.fhka jev lrhs';udf.a;a ;udg ióm mßirfha;a msßisÿlu .ek ie,ls,su;a j lghq;= lrhs'
fuu f,aLkh ixfYdaOkhg újD;h' Tfí woyia wïmdr l,dm wOHdmk ld¾hd,fha m%d:ñl wxYhg ,nd fokak' 18
23-nyq úO iudchl Ôj;a ùu
16'4 jhi wvq iy jeä whf.a p¾hd rgd wjfndaO lrf.k ta wkqj yeisfrhs'ishÆ u ck fldgiaj, wkkH;djhg .re lrñka iyfhda.fhka lghq;= lrhs'iudkd;au;dj ñksi;a nj w.h lrñka Ôj;a ùuiudcfha hymeje;aug ;=vq fok hq;=lï" whs;sjdislï yd j.lSï flfrys ixfõ§ j lghq;= lrhs',dxlsl ck fldgia w;r ñ;%YS,S wdl,am f.dv kef.k whqßka l%shd lrhs'wka wd.ñlhkaf.a wjqreÿ pdß;% jdß;%j,g .re;ajfhka hq;= j lghq;= lrhs' wka wh wlue;s yeisÍïj,ska je<lS isàug l%shd lrhs'
24-mßir ys;ldó nj
mßirhg wdorh lrhs.ia je,a yd c,h wdrlaId lr .ksñka mßirh iq/lSug odhl fjhs'Èrdm;a jk foaj,a fhdod .ksñka mi ire njg m;alr .ekSug Wkkaÿ fjhs'
úIh ksmqK;d
? ?? ?? ? ??
1 - ixLHd
01- mQ¾j .Ks; ksmqK;d'
1'1 tlu j¾Kfha øjH" Èhr yd rEm meyefha wvq jeä nj wkqj
mámdáhg ;eîu'
1'2 ir, rgdjlg fm< .iajk ,o øjH lsysmhl" rEm lsysmhl
rgdj y÷kd .ekSu'
1'3 fok ,o øjH lÜg,hla jrlg tla ,laIKhla ^yevh' ;ru yd jhkh&
wkqj f.dvj,g fjka lsÍu' fjka l< wdldrh ms<sn| fya;= oelaùu yd
ta ta f.dv kï lsÍu'
1'4 rEm m;%sld lÜg,hl we;s rEm jrlg tla ,laIKhla ^yevh yd ;ru&
wkqj f.dvj,g fjka lsÍu¦ fjka l< wdldrh ms<sn| fya;= oelaùu
yd ta ta f.dv kï lsÍu'
1'5 lsysm fofkla tla flfkl=g fyda lsysm fofkla tla øjHhlg fyda øjHh
lsysmhla tla flfkl=g fyda wkqrEm jk wdldrfha iïnkaO;d y÷kd .ekSu'
^nyq)tal iïnkaO;d&
² mdg follska" ;ru follska yd yev follska hq;a øjH lÜg,hla jrlg
tla .=Khla wkqj f.dv j,g fjka lr thg fya;= olajhs'
² rgdjlg wkqj fm< .iajk ,o rEm lsysmhl B<.g wd hq;= rEmh w¢hs'
1jkjdrh
2jkjdrh
3jkjdrh
ie,iqu
werUqu
wjik
ie,iqu
werUqu
wjik
ie,iqu
werUqu
wjik
2-ixLHd
2'1'1 100 f;la ixLHd kdu wkqms<sfj<ska lSu'
2'1'2 tlu j¾.fha øjH 100la .Kka lsÍu yd tajd fofla" mfya iy oyfha
tajdhska .Kka lsÍu'
31 - .Ks;h
19fuu f,aLkh ixfYdaOkhg újD;h' Tfí woyia wïmdr l,dm wOHdmk ld¾hd,fha m%d:ñl wxYhg ,nd fokak'
2'1'3 rgdjl msysgk fia we| we;s tl u j¾.fha rEm 100la .Kka lsÍu'
2'1'4 rgdjl fkdmsysgk fia we| we;s tl u j¾.fha rEm 100la .Kka lsÍu'
2'2'1 0 y÷kd .ekSu yd Ndú; lsÍu'
2'2'2 1 isg 100 f;la tla tla ixLHdjg wod< øjH m%udK oelaùu yd
rEm m%udKh oelaùu'
2'2'3 ir, ixLHd rgd y÷kd .ekSu
2'2'4 1 isg 100 f;la tla tla øjH m%udKhg" rEm m%udKhg wod<
ixLHd y÷kd .ekSu" lshùu yd ,sùu'
2'2'5 1 isg 100 f;la tla tla ixLHdxlhg wkqrEm ixLHd kduh ,sùu'
2'2'6 b,lalï fofla ixLHdjl ia:dkSh w.h y÷kd .ekSu'
2'2'7 100g wvq ´kE u ixLHd ;=kla mámdá.; lsÍu' ^wdfrdayK yd wjfrdayK&
2'3'1 tl;=j 99g fkdjeä jk øjH lÜg, folla tl;= lsÍu'
2'3'2 tl;=j 99g fkdjeä jk rEm lÜg, folla tl;= lsÍu'
2'3'3 tl;=j 99g fkdjeä jk ixLHd folla tl;= lsÍu' ^f.khdï rys;&
2'4'1 99g fkdjeä ixLHdjlska wvq lsÍu' ^f.k tau rys;&
² 1 isg 50 f;la ´kEu ixLHdxlhla lshjhs'
² 1 isg 50 f;la ´kEu ixLHdxlhla w.h oyfha tajd iy tfla tajd
weiqfrka fmkajhs
² 10 isg 100 f;la ixLHd kdu oyfhka oyh wkq ms<sfj,ska yd u;lfhka lshhs'
² 20 g wvq øjH f.dvla .Kka lr w.h b,lalfuka ,shhs'
² 9 g fkdjeä ixLHdjlska Bg wvq ixLHdjlaa wvq lr ,shd olajhs'
² ;ks b,lalfï ixLHd foll tl;=j ,shd olajhs'
² y÷kd .; yels jk mßÈ b,lalï meyeÈ,sj ,shhs'
3-ñkqï
3'1'1 È.la wNsu; tallhlska uekSu'
3'1'2 È. ;=kla wNsu; tallhlska uekSu" iei£u yd mámdá.; lsÍu'
3'2'1 øjHj, nr wNsu; tallj,ska uekSu'nr wkqj øjH folla iei£u
3'3'1 Ndckj, Odß;d wNsu; tallj,ska uekSu'
3'4'1 ld,h .;ùu ms<sn| wjfndaOh ,eîu'
3'4'2 ojfia wjia:d ^Woh" oyj," rd;%sh& y÷kd .ekSu' ^isoaê weiqßka&
² È.la fok ,o wNsu; tallhlska uek" wdikak w.h wNsu; tall
lShoehs m%ldY lrhs'
² jia;=jl nr wNsu; tallhlska uek" wdikak w.h wNsu;
tall lShoehs m%ldY lrhs
4-uqo,a
4'1 ldis y÷kd .ekSu' ^Ndú;fha we;s&
4'2 .kqfokq lsÍu' ^remsh,a ldisj,ska&
² remsh,a my" remsh,a fol" remsh," i; mky iy i; úismy hk ldis
y÷kdf.k kï lrhs'
05-yev ;, yd wjldY
5'1 >k jia;= wdY%s; l%shdldrlï u.ska wjldYh ms<sn| w;aoelSï ,eîu'
5'2 mßirfha we;s ir, cHdñ;sl yev y÷kd .ekSu'
5'3 y÷kd .kq ,nk yev we£u'
5'4 yev;, weiqßka úúO yev ks¾udK lsÍu'
² jD;a;h" ;%sfldaKh" iu p;=ri%h yd Rcq fldaKdi%h hk cHdñ;sl yev ;,
y÷kd f.k kï lrhs
' 32-ujq ni
1-ijka §u
1'1'1 ir, lúj,g ijka foñka úkaokh ,nhs
1'1'2 l;kaorj,g ijka foñka úkaokh ,nhs
1'2'1 iqyo l;d nyg ijka fohs
1'2'2 tÈfkod wjYH;d i|yd ijka fohs
1'2'3 úfYaI wjia:dj, § wjOdkfhka ijka fohs
1'3'1 f;arú,sj,g ijka § Ñka;khg fhduq fjhs
1'3'2 l;kaor wid Ñka;khg fhduq fjhs
1'3'3 isÿùï .ek wid Ñka;khg fhduq fjhs
20fuu f,aLkh ixfYdaOkhg újD;h' Tfí woyia wïmdr l,dm wOHdmk ld¾hd,fha m%d:ñl wxYhg ,nd fokak'
1'4'1 úOdkj,g ijka § wjfndaO lr .kshs
1'4'2 ksfõokj,g ijka § wjfndaO lr .kshs
1'4'3 ir, l;kaorj,g ijka § wjfndaO lr .kshs
1'4'4 ir, Wmfoiaj,g ijka § wjfndaO lr .kshs
2-l;d lsÍu
2'1'1 úúO ffY,Ska wkqj .dhkd l< yels l%Svd lú$ .S .dhkd lrhs
2'1'2 rx.kh yd .dhkh uqiq l< yels <ud lú$ .S .dhkd lrhs
2'2'1 iqyo l;d nfya fhfohs
2'2'2 w;aoelSï mjihs
2'2'3 mKsjqv f.k hhs
2'2'4 isÿùï yd wdrxÑ mjihs
2'3'1 Wmfoia ,nd .kshs
2'3'2 m%YaK lrhs
2'3'3 f;dr;=re /ia lrhs
2'4'1 iduqyslj l;kaor ks¾udKh lrhs
2'4'2 rEm rduq weiqfrka isÿùï$ l;kaor ks¾udKh lrhs
2'4'3 isoaê iuQyhla weiqfrka l;kaor ks¾udKh lrhs
3-lshùu
3'1'1 Y=oaO isxy, fydaäfha wlaIr y÷kdf.k lshjhs
3'1'2 we,ms,a," w,alsÍï" biams,a," mdms,a," weoh hk ms,s riaj yd
§¾> jYfhka y÷kdf.k ksjerÈ j WÉpdrKh lrñka lshjhs
3'1'3 WÉpdrKh lrñka lshjhs
3'1'4 kej;Su" m%YaKd¾: ,l=K .ek ie,ls,su;a j lshjhs
3'1'5 fldïnqj y÷kdf.k th fhÿKq ;eka ksjerÈ j WÉpdrKh lrñka lshjhs
3'2'1 jfï isg ol=Kg lshjhs
3'2'2 Wv isg my<g kï ,ehsia;= lshjhs
3'2'3 fõ.j;a j lshjd m%;spdr olajhs
3'2'4 Wmfoia lshjd wjfndaO lrf.k m%;spdr olajhs
3'3'1 ir, jpk ksYaYío j lshjd wjfndaO lr .kshs
3'3'2 ir, jdlH ksYaYío j lshjd wjfndaO lr .kshs
3'3'3 ir, lú ksYaYío j lshjd wjfndaO lr .kshs
3'3'4 rEmsl m%ldYk fyd¢ka ksÍlaIKh lr wjfndaO lr .kshs
3'4'1 ióm mßirfha olakg ,efnk foaj, kï lshjhs
3'4'2 kEoElï y÷kajk jpk lshjhs
3'4'3 úúO lafIa;% yd iïnkaO j tÈfkod Ndú;d jk jpk lshjhs
² bÈßm;a lrkq ,nk jels ;=kla ksjerÈ WÉpdrKh iys;j Yío k.d lshjhs'
² ir, jelshla lshjd wikq ,nk m%YaK follg jdÑlj ms<s;=re fohs'
4-,sùu
4'1'1 wl=rl kshñ; wx. iys; j ,shhs
4'1'2 wl=rl kshñ; yevh yd m%udKh .ek ie<ls,su;a j ,shhs
4'1'3 rE,a w;r ,shhs
4'1'4 jpkhl wl=re <xj ,shhs
4'1'5 jelshl jpk w;r mr;rhla iys; j ,shhs
4'2'1 ksjerÈ wl=re fhdod w¾:j;a jpk ,shhs
4'3'1 mKsjqv ,shhs
4'3'2 ;ukaf.a yd hy¿jkaf.a ksjig hk .uka u. we| kï lrhs
4'3'3 tÈfkod isÿùï ,shhs
4'3'4 ;ud ms<sn| j ,shhs
4'4'1 mska;+rhla n,d ;u woyia ,shhs
4'4'2 fok ,o jelshla wkqj fojk jelsh f.dv k.d ,shhs
4'4'3 hï jpkhla fyda øjHhla ms<sn| j jels ,shhs
² ;udf.a ku ,shhs' ² mska;+rhla n,d ta ms<sn|j ir, jelshla ,shhs' ² ir, jpk wid ,shhs' ² ir, jelshla ksjerÈj yd y÷kd .;yels mßÈ wl=re meyeÈ,sj msgm;a lrhs'
33-fojk ni
² wjia:dkql+,j fou< niska iqn me;=ï joka Ndú;d lrhs
21fuu f,aLkh ixfYdaOkhg újD;h' Tfí woyia wïmdr l,dm wOHdmk ld¾hd,fha m%d:ñl wxYhg ,nd fokak'
² WÑ; wjia:djkays ir, fou< jpk Ndú;d lrhs
34-bx.%Sis
² bx.%Sisfhka flá ir, jdlH l;d lrhs'
35-nqoaOd.u
1-fn!oaO orejl=f.a wkkH;djh m%o¾YKh ùu
1'1'1 mxi,a hdug iQodku ^msßisÿ nj" ms<sfj,g ish,a, ilialr .ekSu
1'1'2 jkaokdjg fmr j;dj;a
^msßisÿ lsÍï l%udKql+,j lsÍu"ixjr núka hq;=j j;dj;aj, fh§u
1'2'1 kuialdrh yd f;rejka irKhdu
1'2'2 mkais,a iudoka ùu
1'2'3 fu;a jeãu
1'3'1 wk,ia nj
1'3'2 msßisÿ nj
1'3'3 l%uj;a nj
1'3'4 ,o fohska i;=gq ùu
2-nqÿ isß; weiqfrka nqÿrcdKka jykafiaf.a fYa%IaG;ajh y÷kd f.k Ôú;do¾Y ,nd .ekSu
2'1 uyudhd foaúh ÿgq isyskh
2'2 isoaOd¾: l=udfrda;am;a;sh yd iïnkaO úfYaI isÿùï
2'3 Wm;g miqj ta wdikak ld,fha úfYaI isÿùï
2'4 kï ;eîu 3-fndÿ .=K oï jeãu
3'1 yqkiafkka ke`.sàu
3'2 ix>r;akh je£u
3'3 ixjrj isàu
3'4 ix>r;akh iu. l;d ny lsÍfï§ fhfok Ydiksl
jpk Ndú;hg yqre ùu
4-fndÿ .=K oï je`§u
4'1'1 uõmshkg .re lsÍu ^cd;l l;d weiqfrka&
4'1'2 .=rejrekg .re lsÍu ^cd;l l;d weiqfrka&
4'1'3 wd.ñl wdYs¾jdo lsÍu
4'1'4 wd.ñl wdYs¾jdo ,eîug Wkkaÿ ùu
4'2'1 m%sh jpk l;d lsÍu
4'2'2 lreKdj yd ohdj
4'2'3 iudkd;au;dj
5-fn!oaO mQckSh ia:dkj, wd.ñl jákdlu y÷kd .ekSu
5'1 uyshx.kh
5'2 o<od ud,s.dj
5'3 le,Ksh
6-nqoaO jpkhg wkqj hym;a Ôjk jgmsgdjla f.dv ke.Sug odhl ùu
6'1 Oïumoh weiqfrka
6'2 ux., iQ;areh weiqfrka
36-mßirh
1-wmhs mdi,hs
1'1 mdi, ;=< lghq;= lrk úúO mqoa.,hkaf.a N=ñld y÷kdf.k ksis whqßka
m%;spdr olajhs'
1'2 wka wh iqyo j ms<sf.k wjia:dkql+, j lghq;= lrhs'
1'3 wdpdrYS,S j yeisÍï m%o¾Ykh lrhs'
1'4 tluq;=nj id¾:l;ajhg fya;= jk nj ms<s.ksñka ta wkqj l%shd lrhs'
1'5 mdi,a j;af;a iy ta wjg we;s iqúfYaIS fukau jeo.;a Ydl" ia:dk yd ,laIK
y÷kdf.k tajd iqrlaIs;j mj;ajd .ekSug odhl fjhs'
1'6 .fuka mdi,g yd mdif,ka .ug bgqjk fiajd y÷kdf.k ;udg yels
uÜgfuka tu fiajdjkag odhl fjhs'
1'7 mdi, ;udg iqrlaIs; ia:dkhla fukau m%shckl yd m%fhdackj;a
ia:dkhla f,i y÷kdf.k lghq;= lrhs'
1'8 l%Svd msáh b;d m%fhdackj;a ia:dkhla f,i ms<sf.k th fyd¢ka
mj;ajd .ekSug odhl fjhs'
2-wfma f.or
2'1 úúO ia:dkj,g idfmalaIj ;u ksjfia msysàu m%ldY lrhs'
2'2 mjqf,a ióm;u kEoEhska yd kEoE in|;d ms<sn| f;dr;=re
fidhd n,d m%ldY lrhs'
22fuu f,aLkh ixfYdaOkhg újD;h' Tfí woyia wïmdr l,dm wOHdmk ld¾hd,fha m%d:ñl wxYhg ,nd fokak'
2'3 ;u ksjig meñfKk kEoehska" ys;ñ;=rka" wuq;a;ka flfrys hym;a
wdl,amhlska hq;= j lghq;= lrhs'
2'4 ksjfia uQ,sl wjYH;d yd tajd ,efnk l%u jd¾;d lrhs'
2'5 ksjig wjYH úúO wdydr øjH f.j;af;ka ,nd .ekSug odhl fjhs'
2'6 ksjfia mßirh msßisÿj" w,xldr j yd wdrlaId iys; j ;nd
.ekSug odhl fjhs'
2'7 ksjig úúO øjH" imhk whf.a pß; N=ñld rx.k weiqßka bÈßm;a lrhs'
2'8 ksjfia lghq;= myiqlr .ekSug iy w,xldrh i|yd fhdod .;
yels foa ks¾udKh lrhs'
2'9 úkaokd;aul j yd iduQysl jYfhka .Dyia; l%svdj, kshef,hs' 3-wm wjg i;=ka
3'1 úúO ,laIK wkqj wjg mßirfha isák i;=ka ldKav jd¾;d lrhs'
3'2 i;=kaf.a meñKsu yd yeisÍu wd§ l%shdjkag ojfia ld,h w;r iïnkaO;djhla
we;aoehs úu¾Ykh lr jd¾;d lrhs'
3'3 i;=ka yd .iaje,a w;r we;s wka;¾ iïnkaO;djh ms<sn|j úuis,su;a j
f;dr;=re /ia lrhs'
3'4 i;=kag wdfõKsl p¾hd weiqfrka ffoksl Ôú;fha § ñksidg
m%fhdackj;a jk p¾hd úuid n,d woyia bÈßm;a lrhs'
3'5 ks¾udKd;aul j i;aj p¾hd ksrEmKh lrhs'
3'6 úúO øjH Ndú; lrñka i;aj wdlD;s ks¾udKh lrhs'
3'7 i;=ka yd iïnkaO ks¾udKd;aul l%svdj, kshef,ñka úkaokhla ,nhs'
4-c,h
4'1 .,dhk c,fha l%shdldÍ;ajh ms<sn| j úu¾Ykh lr jd¾;d lrhs'
4'2 c,fhka .; yels m%fhdack w;ayod n,ñka woyia m%ldY lrhs'
4'3 ;u wdrlaIdj ms<sn| ie,ls,su;a fjñka ;eklska c,h bj;a lsÍfï
úúO l%u wdo¾Ykh lrhs'
4'4 .,dhk c,fhka l%shdlrúh yels úúO WmlrK idohs'
4'5 úkaokh i|yd c,h weiqßka Yío yd kdo ks¾udKh lrhs'
4'6 c,h Ndú; lrñka l< yels l%svd lsysmhl kshef,hs'
5-wjqreÿ ld,h
5'1 wjqreÿ iufha wjg mßirfha iy ;uka Ôj;a jk iudc mßirfha
isÿjk fjkialï ms<sn| w;aoelSï fnod yod .kshs'
5'2 wÆ;a wjqreÿ pdß;% jdß;% bgq lrñka W;aijhla meje;aùug odhl fjhs'
5'3 wjqreÿ iufha wjg mßirfha olakg ,efnk iqkaor;ajh w¾:j;a jk .dhk"
jdok iy rx.k bÈßm;a lrhs'
5'4 wka wd.ñlhkaf.a wjqreÿ pdß;% jdß;%
.re;ajfhka hq;=j lghq;= lrhs'
5'5 wjqreÿ Èkj, isÿúh yels fmdÿ wk;=re y÷kdf.k wdrlaIdldÍj l%shd lrhs'
5'6 wjqreÿ ld,hg iqúfYaI jQ ck l%Svd lsysmhl iduqyslj kshef,hs'
5'7 wjqreÿ ld,j,§ ms<sfh< flfrk leú,sj, wdlD;s ks¾udKh yd wjqreÿ wisßh
oelafjk Ñ;% ks¾udKh lr m%o¾YKh lrhs'
6-wmg fmfkk wyi
6'1 ojfia úúO wjia:dj, § wyfia yd wjg mßirfha isÿjk fjkialï
úu¾Ykh lr jd¾;d lrhs'
6'2 úkaokd;aul j w;ayod n,ñka iq<. Wmfhda.S lr f.k øjH
6'3 ysre t<sh tÈfkod lghq;= i|yd m%fhdackj;a jk wdldrh
úuid n,d jd¾;d lrhs'
6'4 wêl ysre t<sh ksid jk mSvdj,ska ñ§fï l%shdud¾. wkq.ukh lrhs'
6'5 wyfia pu;aldrh w.hñka lú" .S .dhkd" rx.k yd l;kaor bÈßm;a lrhs"
6'6 úúO udOH Ndú; lrñka wyfia pu;aldrh oelafjk ks¾udK lrhs'
6'7 wjldYh Ndú; lrñka l%svdj, ksr; fjhs'
7-wm lk fndk foa
7'1 wdydr fõ,l wvx.= foa fidhd n,d tys jeämqru we;af;a
fudkjd oehs m%ldY lrhs'
7'2 wydr fõ,la ms<sfh< lr .ekSug Ydlj,ska yd i;=kaf.ka
,nd .kakd oE úu¾Ykh lr jd¾;d lrhs'
fuu f,aLkh ixfYdaOkhg újD;h' Tfí woyia wïmdr l,dm wOHdmk ld¾hd,fha m%d:ñl wxYhg ,nd fokak' 23
7'3 wdydrj,ska wmf.a YÍrh j¾Okhg yd wdrlaIdjg ,efnk
úúO m%fhdack w.hhs'
7'4 wdydrhla f,ig m,d j¾.j, we;s jákdlï ms<sn| j wjfndaOhlska
hq;= j ffoksl wdydr fõ,a i|yd m,d j¾. tl;= lr .kshs'
7'5 frda.j,ska je<lS isàug wjYH lrk wdydr rgd wkq.ukh lrhs'
7'6 wdydr fuka u iqÿiq mdk j¾. o m%udKj;a j .ekSu mqreoaola lr .kshs'
7'7 wdydrj, jeo.;alu yd hymqreÿ fi!kao¾hd;aul j bÈßm;a lrhs'
7'8 ukd YÍr j¾Okhla i|yd fhda.H l%shdldrlïj, ksr; fjhs'
8-f;dr;=re ,efnk yeá
8'1 woyia yd yeÕsï ksjerÈ j m%ldY lsÍu i|yd lgy? iy bkaøshhka wod<
mßÈ fhdod .kshs'
8'2 f;dr;=re ikaksfõokh lsÍu myiq fukau úkaokd;aul ùu i|yd ldgqka"
Ñ;%" PdhdrEm yd fmdiag¾ fhdod .kshs'
8'3 ì;a;s mqj;am;la i|yd ;u odhl;ajh ,nd foñka wdYajdohla ,nhs'
8'4 ksjerÈ f;dr;=re ,nd .ekSfï yd ,nd §fï yelshd m%o¾YKh lrhs'
9-jgmsgdfõ isÿjk fjkialï
9'1 ffoksl l%shdldÍ;ajh ksid wdikak mßirfha isÿjk fjkialïj,g
ixfõ§ j m%;spdr olajhs'
9'2 iajdNdúl fya;= ksid mßirfha isÿjk fjkialïj,g wkqj ixfõ§ j
lghq;= lrhs'
9'3 wdikak mßirfha isÿjk fjkialï w;=ßka wys;lr fjkialï ys;lr
njg m;a lr .ekSug odhl fjhs'
9'4 mßirfha isÿjk fjkialï rx.k" .dhk yd jdok uÕska bÈßm;a lrhs'
9'5 mßirfha fjkialï oelafjk ks¾udK úúO udOHh Ndú;fhka bÈßm;a lrhs'
10-leu;s-wlue;s
10'1 mdif,a § uqyqK §ug isÿjk isÿùïj,ska ;ud leu;s yd wleu;s wjia:d ms<sn|
w;aoelSï wka wh iu`. yqjudre lr .kshs'
10'2 mdif,a § isÿjk wlue;s isÿùïj,g fya;= fidhd n,d tajd leu;s isÿùï njg
m;a lr .ekSug l< yels fhdackd bÈßm;a lrhs'
10'3 wdikak mßirfha we;s wk;=reodhl yd wjodkï iys; ia:dk yd wjia:d
fidhd n,d wdrlaId ùug mshjr .kshs'
10'4 jeä fofkl=f.a leue;a; we;s j f;dard .;a l%Svdjla" .dhkhla"
rx.khla lsÍug bÈßm;a fjhs'
10'5 ;u wNsu;h mßÈ f;dard .kakd ,o ks¾udKhla ;=<ska ;u yelshd
m%o¾YKh lrhs'
11-wmg ´kE foa ,efnk yeá
11'1 mdi,a mßirfhka yd ksjiska wjYH Wojq ,nd .ksñka bf.kqï lghq;=j,
id¾:l j kshef,hs'
11'2 ish bf.kqï lghq;=j,g mdi,ska yd ksjiska Wojq fok wh w.h lrhs'
11'3 NdKav yd WmlrK l%uj;aj" mú;%j yd wdrlaIdldÍ j Ndú; lrhs'
11'4 mdif,a fmdÿ jia;= yd fmdÿ foam, wdrlaId lsÍug odhl fjhs'
11'5 úúO ld¾hhka i|yd Wojq jk mqoa.,hska yd WmlrKj, ,laIK
iqúfYaIS lr .ksñka fi!kao¾hd;aul l%shdldrlï ksr; fjhs'
11'6 úúO øjH Ndú; lrñka mßyrKh l< yels NdKav yd WmlrKj,
wdlD;s ks¾udKh lrhs'
12-.ukd.ukh
12'1 ksjig hk tk whf.a .uka ìuka ms<sn| f;dr;=re /ia lr
jd¾;d lr f;dr;=re jd¾;d lrhs'
12'2 ksjerÈ bßhõ wkq.ukh lrñka weúÈhs'
12'3 weú§u" jdäùu iy nrla tiùu jeks ld¾hhkayS § iunr;djh /l .kshs'
12'4 ndOdldÍ iy ÿIalr;djkaf.ka wdrlaId fjñka .uka lrhs'
12'5 iunr;djh /l .ksñka ksjerÈ bßhõj,g wkqj l%Svdjka ys ksr; fjhs'
12'6 YÍrfha iunr;djh /flk úúO bßhõ ksrEmKh lrhs'
13-t<sh iu. fi,a,ï
24fuu f,aLkh ixfYdaOkhg újD;h' Tfí woyia wïmdr l,dm wOHdmk ld¾hd,fha m%d:ñl wxYhg ,nd fokak'
13'1 iajdNdúl t<sh wvqjeä ùu yd ta wkqj mßirfha isÿjk fjkialï
.fõIKh lr f;dr;=re jd¾;d lrhs'
13'2 t<sh úys§u wvq lsÍfï" jeä lsÍï iy tys ÈYdj fjkia l< yels whqre
w;ayod n,hs'
13'3 t<sfha fjkiaùï wkqj fijke,sj, È. fjkiaùï ksÍlaIKh lrñka
ta wdY%s; l%svdj, fhfohs'
13'4 t<sh úys§u wvq jeä jk iy t<sfha újO j¾K u;= jk ks¾udK f.dv k.hs'
13'5 t<sh wvq jeäjk wjia:dj, mßirfha isÿjk fjkialï wdY%s; lú" .S"
.dhk" rx.kj, ksr; fjhs'
14-ñksid yd f;dr;=re
14'1 wdikak mßirfha mqoa.,hska Ôúldj i|yd jev lrk ia:dk yd ta wdYs%;
f;dr;=re .fõIKh lr f;dr;=re jd¾;d lrhs'
14'2 ;dlaIKsl fjkiaùï wkqj jev lrk whqre fjkia ù we;s wdldrh
úu¾Ykh lr jd¾;d lrhs'
14'3 jevìïj, úúO wjia:d ksrEmKh lrk N+ñld rx.k .efhk lú .S weiSu
yd .ehSu wdY%s; fi!kao¾hd;aul wx.j, fhfoñka úkaokhla ,nhs'
14'4 Ôúldj i|yd flfrk úúO jevj,ska isÿjk fiajh w.h lrhs'
14'5 úúO jevìïj, Ndú; lrk fuj,ï yd WmlrKj, wdlD;s ks¾udKh lr tajd
weiqre lr .ksñka ck l%svdj, fhfohs'
15-jg msgdfõ fjkia ;eka
15'1 ;u m%fhdackh msKsi ñksid úiska mßirfha lr we;s fjkialï
úu¾Ykh lr jd¾;d lrhs'
15'2 ñksidg Ôj;aùu i|yd uQ,sl jYfhka wdydr ksmojd .kakd ia:dk
y÷kdf.k jd¾;d lrhs'
15'3 mi /l .ekSfï úúO Wmdh ud¾. w;a yod n,hs'
15'4 mßir úúO;ajh ;uka leu;s udOHhla Ndú; lrñka ks¾udKh lrhs'
15'5 YdÍßl j¾Okhg wod< ñksid úiska ilia lr .;a ia:dkhla f,i fi,a,ï ñÿ,
y÷kdf.k YÍr j¾Okhg wod< l%shdldrlï lsysmhl kshqla; fjhs'
15'6 jgmsgdfõ iqkaor;ajh w.hñka lú" .S" .dhkd yd rx.kj, ksr; fjhs'
16-wfma Wojq ´kE wh
16'1 Wojq wjYH wh i|yd Wojq lsÍug iaj leue;af;ka bÈßm;a fjhs'
16'2 Wojq l< wjia:d yd isoaê ms<sn| w;aoelSï wka wh iu. yqjudre lr .kshs'
16'3 tÈfkod Ôú; ld¾hhkaj, § iEu flfkl=f.au Wojq wjYHjk nj yd wjYH
wjia:dj, flfkl=g Wojq §u ;u hq;=lula fia ms<s.ksñka l%shd lrhs'
16'4 iduqysl j jev lsÍfuka jeä M,hla ,nd .ekSug yelshdjla
,efnk nj ms<s.kshs'
16'5 flfkl=f.a iyh ,nd .ksñka l%shd;aul jk l%svdj, ksr; fjhs'
mßirh i|yd w;HdjYH ksmqK;d
² tlu j¾Kfha tfy;a meyefha fjkia Èhr ;=kla meyefha wvq jeä nj
wkqj mámdg.; lrhs'
² øjH ;=kla iam¾Y lr jhkh ^r¿$uDÿ nj& wkqj mámdá.; lrhs'
² fndfyda ÿrg tl iudk tfy;a fjkialï lSmhla iys; mska;+r foll
ksÍlaIKh lr fjkialï myla y÷kdf.k m%ldY lrhs'
² ri n,d meKs ri weUq,a ri yd ÆKq ri fjka fldg y÷kd f.k m%ldY lrhs'
² isoaêhl m%Odk wjia:d oelafjk mska;+r y;rla wkqms<sfj,ska ilia lrhs'
² isiqkag yqre øjH ;=kla iqj| wkqj y÷kdf.k m%ldY lrhs'
² isiqkg yqre Yíohlg ijka § tu Yíoh l=ulaoehs y÷kdf.k m%ldY lrhs
^úúO Yío myla i|yd&'
7-YÍr iqj;dj
1-bms,Su yd m;s; ùu
1'1l| iDcqj ;ndf.k wjuhfi'ó' 15 by,g bmsf,hs
1'2oK ysia fl,ska ;ndf.k md we.s,s fmd,j foig fhduq lrhs
1'3md weÕs,s u; m;s; ù oKysia kud iunr;djh /l .kshs
02-;ks ll=f,ka iunrj isg .ekSu
2'1l| iDcqj ;nd .kshs
25fuu f,aLkh ixfYdaOkhg újD;h' Tfí woyia wïmdr l,dm wOHdmk ld¾hd,fha m%d:ñl wxYhg ,nd fokak'
2'2 Tijk mdofha weÕs,s my,g È.=lr oE;a Tijhs
2'3 Tijk mdoh okysiska È. yer ;;amr foll ld,hla ;nd .kshs
3-weg iys; u,a,la Wv oud we,a,Su
3'1 weg iys; uÆj w; ;nd iQodkï fjhs
3'2 weg iys; u,a, óg¾ 1 la muK by,g ùis lrhs
3'3 weg iys; u,a, ksjerÈj w,a,hs'
4-fomd wE;a lsÍu
4'1 fomd oKysiska fkdkud È. yer ;nd .kshs
4'2 md weÕs,s bÈßhg È.= lr ;nd .kshs
4'2 msgfldkao iDcqj ;ndf.k fomd w;r mr;rh wxYl 150 lg wE;a lrhs
5-;ks mdofhka óg¾ 20la mek mek hdu
5'1 wdrïNl f¾ldfõ isgf.k úOdkhg wkqj mekSu wdrïN lrhs
5'2 m<uq óg¾ 10 tla mdohlska id¾:lj kdu lrhs
5'3 fojk óg¾ 10 ^wdmiq meñKsu& wfkla mdofhka id¾:lj ksu lrhs
6-Wil isg bms,Su yd m;s; ùu
6'1 wähl muK Wil isg l| iDcqj ;nd f.k oE;a by,g Tijñka
fi'ó' 10 la by,g bmsf,hs
6'2 by,g bms,Sfï § oKysia fl,ska ;nd f.k mdo tla fldg md we.s,s
fmd,j foig fhduq lrhs'
6'3 md weÕs,s u; m;s; ù oKysia kud iunr;djh /l .kshs
7-Wil isg Wv mek weÕs,ss .=,s lr .ekSu
7'1 wähl muK Wil isg oE;a by,g Tijñka bms,af,hs
7'2 by,g mek .=jfka§ l| bfkka yd okysiska kjd
md we.s,s fmd,j foig fhduq lrhs'
7'3 YÍrfha iunr;djh wdrlaId lr .ksñka md weÕs,s fmd,j foig fhduq lrhs'
10-;ks mdohlska jghla lerlSu
10'1 kqyqre mdoh bÈßhg ;nd l| iDPqj ;nd .kshs
10'2 yqre mdofhka fmd,j f;rmd tu mdoh oKysiska kud wfkla mdoh wdikakfha
;nd .kshs'ta iu.u kqyqre mdofha weÕs,s ;=vq u;ska jghla lerflhs
10'3 lerlSfï§ tijQ mdofha weÕs,s fmd,j foig ;nd .ksñka lerlSu wjidkfha
§ mdoh bÈßfhka ;nd iunr ;djh wdrlaId lr .kshs'
9-fomd wE;a lsÍu
9'1fomd oKysiska fkdkud È. yer ;nd .ekSu
9'2md weÕs,s bÈßhg È.yer ;nd .ekSu
9'3msgfldkao iDcqj ;ndf.k fomd w;r mr;rh wxYl 160 lg wE;a lsÍï'
8-fnda? ? ? ? ?? ?? ?? Í?? '
8'1 fnda? ? ? ? ? ß??? ? ? ? ? ? ?? ? ?ù? ? ?ï? ? ?? '?
8'2 ?? ? ?? ñá? ???? ? ?? ß??? ? fkd? ? ? ? ??? ? ? ? ? ?? ? ?ù? ? ?f? ? ? ? '?
8'3 fnda? ? ? ? ? f? ? ? ? ?? ? ? ? fkd§ ? ? ? ?? ?fõ ? ? ? ? ? ?? '?
3'6'
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5' wOHdmk idOk jd¾;d
YsIH wOHdmk idOkh jd¾;d lsÍu i|yd mdi,a moaO;sfha oekg jd¾;d j¾. ;=kla Ndú; fõ' tkï(
^1& m%f;Hl jd¾;d fmd;
^2& ksmqK;d idOk f.dkqj yd
^3& YsIH jd¾;d fmd;'
5'1' m%f;Hl jd¾;d fmd;
tla tla isiqjd i|yd msgq lsysmhla fjka lr .ksñka oekgu;a mj;ajd f.k hk m%f;Hl jd¾;d tfiau
mj;ajd f.k hkak' iEu jirla uq,§u .=re-fo.=re fmd; wdY%fhka orejdf.a Ôj o;a; w¿;a lr .kak' bka
miq isiqjdf.a YdÍßl" udkisl fyda p¾hd;aul fjkia lï we;s kï jd¾;d lrkak' ;u ffoksl ksÍlaIK
yd m%;HdfõlaIK igyka weiqßka isiqjdf.a wOHdmk idOkh ms<sn| jeo.;a lreKq we;s kï tajdo fuys
igyka lrkak'
5'2' ksmqK;d idOk f.dkq
m%d:ñl fYa%Ks j, bf.k .kakd isiqkaf.a m%.;sh ;lafiare lsÍu i|yd ;lafiare m;%sld" .=rejrhdf.a flá
igyka yd ld¾h idOk f.dkq hk l%u fõo j, ixl,khlska hq;= wúêu;a-iïNjk l%u jvd fhda.H nj
cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh úiska ks¾foaY lrhs' wïmdr l,dm ld¾hd,h u.ska flfrk ;;a;aj ;yjqre
mÍlaIK i|yd my; i|yka ix>gl fhdod .;a ksmqK;d idOk f.dkq wjYH f,i bÈßm;a lsÍug
.=rejreka iQodkïj isáh hq;=h'
^w& isiq c¾k,h
^wd& .=re-fo.=re fmd;
^we& .=rejrhd úiska mj;ajk ,o flá mÍlaIK fyda l,dmh u.ska mj;ajk ,o mÍlaIK j, m%;sM,
^wE& YsIHhdf.a iqúfYaI ksmqK;dj fmkakqï lrk ksuehqï yd fjk;a idOl
5'3' YsIH jd¾;d fmd;
fuys wruqK foudmshkaf.a;a fjk;a md¾Yj lrejkaf.a;a oek .ekSu i|yd;a tla YsIHdf.a wOHdmk m%.;sh
olajd,Su hs' fuu fmdf;ys olajd we;s wdlD;sfha úfYaIhla jkqfha mqoa., yd mqrjeis ksmqK;d j,g uq,a
;ek § ;sîu;a isiqjd iqúfYaI olaI;d fmkajk ksmqK;d j,g wjOdkh §u;ah' iEu ksmqK;djlau
we.hSfï§ iqúfYaI ksmqK;d j,g ;rejlao ^)& idudkH idOkhla fmkajhs kï yßhlao ^ü& ÿIalr;d
fmkajhs kï ;s;lao '& ;nkak' ;rejla fyda ;s;la i|yd .=rejrhdf.a igyfka jeä úia;rhla l< hq;=h'
.Ks;h yd ujqni úIhka i|yd ,nd.;a ,l=Kq we;akï tajdo tu igyfka oelaúh yel' fuu wdlD;sh
kj;u w;ayod ne,Sula ksid 2014 i|yd iïmQ¾K lrk ,o jd¾;d wïmdr l,dm l%shd uQ, m¾fhaIK
lñgqfõ wOHkh i|yd muKla fhdod .kakdnj;a foudmshkag oekg th ,nd fkdÈh hq;= nj;a okajd
isáuq'
29fuu f,aLkh ixfYdaOkhg újD;h' Tfí woyia wïmdr l,dm wOHdmk ld¾hd,fha m%d:ñl wxYhg ,nd fokak'
YsIH jd¾;d fmd; i|yd wdlD;sh
m<d;$wOHdmk l,dmh( YsIHhdf.a wxlh
mdi,( ku(
j¾Ih$jdrh( fY%aKsh
kef.kysr m<df;a m%d:ñl wOHdmkfha wruqK úNd. iu;a ùug muKla fkdj Ôú;ho ch .ekSug yels
jk wOHdmkhla i|yd moku ,nd §uh' tu ksid fuu jd¾;d fmd; tjeks mßmQ¾K wOHdmkhla
ksrEmKh jk fia mqoa.," mqrjeis yd úIh ksmqK;d f,i ieliqkq ksmqK;d ldKav 27 lska iukaú; fõ'
fuu jd¾;dj i|yd ;lafiare iQÑh iqúfYaI idOkhla olajhs )& idudkH idOkhla fmkajhs ü& ÿIalr;d
fmkajhs '& f,i fõ'
Tfí orejd tla tla ksmqK;d ldKavh i|yd wju jYfhka tla ;rejla ,nd we;s kï ta .ek i;=gq jkak'
Tyqf.a fyda wehf.a fjk;a ,eÈhd yd iyc l=i,;d we;s kï tajd ;j ÿrg;a j¾Okh lr .ekSug Wojq
lrkak' ÿ¾j,;d we;s kï tajd u.yrjd .ekSug Tyqg fyda wehg wdorfhka u. fmkajkak'
30fuu f,aLkh ixfYdaOkhg újD;h' Tfí woyia wïmdr l,dm wOHdmk ld¾hd,fha m%d:ñl wxYhg ,nd fokak'
mqoa., ksmqK;d
w.ehSuksmqK;dj .=rejrhdf.a igyk1-hy meje;au
2-idOkSh meje;au
3-mqoa.,dka;r in|;d
4-ikaksfõokh
5-l%svd
6-.dhkd$rx.k
7-ks¾udK
8-lshùu$ridiajdoh
9-úfkdaodxY
10-f;dr;=re mßyrKh
11-fjk;a úúO l=i,;d
12-.fõIKYS,S$úpdrYS,S nj
13-ks¾udKYS,S nj
14-iajhx bf.kqug fm<öu
15-lKavdhul jev lsÍu
16-jev f,dalhg iQodku
mqrjeis ksmqK;d
úIh ksmqK;d
21-fmdÿiïm;a iq/lSu
22-fmdÿ lghq;= j, fh§u
23-nyqúO iudchl Ôj;a ùu
24-mßir ys;ldó nj
31-.Ks;h
32-ujqni
33-fojk ni
34-bx.%Sis
35-wd.u
36-mßirh
37-YdÍßl iqj;dj
''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''Èkh
'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''mka;s Ndr .=rejrhd
'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''úÿy,am;s
6' ;;a;aj ;yjqrelrKh
2013 § wOHdmkh ms<sn| md¾,sfïka;= ldrl iNdfjka wkqu; jQ kj wOHdmk m%;sm;a;s yd fhdackd w;rg
kshdukh yd ;;a;aj ;yjqre iqmÍlaIKh ioyd f¾Çh wOHdmk wud;HxYfha úfYaI tallhla msysgqùu
;=<ska wOHdmkfha ;;a;aj ;yjqrelrKh i|yd jeä wjOdkhla fhduq lr we;' ;;a;aj ;yjqrelrKh
^quality assurance& hkq hïlsis l%shdj,shla i|yd ld¾h idOk b,lal" m%ñ;s fyda ;;a;aj y÷kd .ekSfuka
wk;=rej ksrka;rfhka flfrk iqmÍlaIKh monitoring&" w.ehSu evaluation&" miq fmjqu feedback& yd
m%;sld¾h corrective actions& ;=<ska tu wod< b,lalhka lrd <Õd ùu i|yd wkq.ukh lrk l%u fõohls'
6'1' ;;a;aj ;yjqre foi;sh
mdi,a iu. idlÉPdfjka wk;=rej ;;a;aj ;yjqrelrKh i|yd iEu mdi,a jdrhlu foi;shla fjka
flfrkq we;' tuld,hka ;=< l,dmfha kshduk yd ;;a;aj iy;sl ksfhdað;hl= iEu mdi,lgu hefjkq
we;' tu ld,h ;=< l,dm ks,OdÍka l,dfmka msg lghq;= i|yd heùu yels ;dla ÿrg wju flfrkq we;'
6'2' ;;a;aj ;yjqre l%u fõoh
wxY m%OdkS fyda úÿy,am;s ;=ud úiska iEu jdr wjidkhlu wNHka;r we.hSulalr l,dm ld¾hd,hg
f;dr;=re tjkq we;'wjYH f,aLk mj;ajd .ekSu i|yd .=re WmfoaYl jreka úiska mdi,a j,g iydh jkq
we;' ;=kajk jdrfha§ l,dm ks,OdÍka úiska mdi,g meñK ndysr we.hSula lrKq we;'
l,dmfha wOHdmk ld¾h idOkh iduQysl l%shdj,shla f,i mj;ajdf.khdu i|yd iEu jdrhlgu jrla
l,dm ld¾hd,h úiska úÿy,am;sjreka tla /iaj flfrk m%;HdfõlaIK /iaùula ixúOdkh flfrkq
we;' fuys§ úÿy,am;Ska w;r woyia yqjudrejg jeä wjOdkhla fhduq flfrkq we;'
6'3' ;;a;aj ks¾Kdhl
my; Wmqgd oelafjk m<d;a wOHdmk ld¾h idOk ks¾Kdhlhka u mdif,a ;;a;aj ;yjqre ks¾Kdhlhka
f,i fhdod.; hq;=h'
• ks¾foaYs; iEu ksmqK;djka ,nd .ekSfï wjia:dj
tla tla bf.kqï wjêhg ks¾foaYs; ksmqK;djka tu wjëkag iß,k fi,a,ï" ie,iqï .; l%shdldrlï yd
wiqka .; l%shdldrlïf.a iqÿiq ixl,khla ;=<ska j¾Okh lr .ekSfï wjia:dj iEu isiqfjl=gu ,eî we;'
• w;HdjYH ksmqK;djka ms<sn| m%ùk;ajh
2013-2016 ld,h ;=< l%uj;a j¾Okhla fmkajñka" 2018 w. Nd.h jk úg" m<df;a mdi,a wOHdmkh ,nk
isiqkaf.ka 90] la j;a tla tla bf.kqï wjêh i|yd .Ks;h yd ujqni we;=¿ w;HdjYH bf.kqï ksmqK;d
fmkajd we;'
• tla tla isiqjdf.a fm!reIh$iaùh;ajh y÷kd .ekSu yd j¾Okh lsÍu
iEu isiqfjla i|yd Tyqg fyda wehg iqúfYaI ksmqK;djkaf.ka wju jYfhka ;=kla fyda ÈhqKq lr
.ksñka tajdfha úYsIaghl= ùfï wjia:dj ,eî we;' tu ksmqK;djkag mqoa., ksmqK;djka yd mqrjeis
ksmqK;djka wju jYfhka tlla j;a we;=<;a fõ'
2Educational Standards and Quality Assurance chapter in “New Education Policies and Proposals for General Education in Sri Lanka
(http://www.moe.gov.lk/web/images/stories/publication/new_education_policies/english.pdf)
3Quality assurance (QA) is the systematic monitoring and evaluation of the variousaspects of systems, projects or programmes in order to maxim ka
(http://www.moe.gov.lk/web/images/stories/publication/new_education_policies/english.pdf)
3Quality is the probability of standarding achieved for specified performance indicators. (Commonwealth of Learning,
http://www.col.org/PublicationDocuments/QA%20NFE_150.pdf, p. 15).
4fï m%;sY;h ;j ÿrg;a .fõIKh l< hq;=j we;'
31fuu f,aLkh ixfYdaOkhg újD;h' Tfí woyia wïmdr l,dm wOHdmk ld¾hd,fha m%d:ñl wxYhg ,nd fokak'
^1& ks¾foaYs; iEu ksmqK;djka ,nd .ekSfï wjia:dj
we.hqï tallh( mka;sh$bf.kqï-b.ekaùï l%shdj,sh
idOk uÜgï( wdrïN lr ke; ^0&¦ wdrïN lr we;' kuq;a ÿIalr;d fmkakqï lrhs ^1&¦
id¾:lj lr f.k hhs ^2&
we.hqï ld,h( m<uqjk jdrh¦ wfm%a,a 1-7¦ fojk jdrh( cQ,s 23-cQ,s 31¦ ;=kajk jdrh¦
fkdjeïn¾ 24-28
uQ,dY%( mka;s jd¾;d fmd;" ffoksl ie,iqï yd m%;HdfõlaIK fmd;
^w& msßlaiqï ,ehsia;=j
1 jk fY%aKsh
2 jk fY%aKsh
5 jk fY%aKsh
4 jk fY%aKsh
3 jk fY%aKsh
isiq c¾k,h ks¾foaY mßÈ l%shd;aul lsÍu
.=re-fo.=re fmd; ks¾foaY mßÈ l%shd;aul lsÍu
mka;s ,s;( rfÜ" m<df;a fyda mdif,a úfYaI Èkhka$úfYaI wjia:d yd .e,fmk f,i l%shdldrlï mka;s ,s;g we;=¿ lsÍu
mka;s m%;sm;a;s yd ia:djr l%shdldrlï meyeÈ,sj y÷kd .ekSu yd tajd(
wod< ksmqK;d ksjerÈj y÷kd .ekSu
mqoa., ksmqK;djkaf.ka 50] la j;a wdjrKh jk fia ilid .ekSu
mqrjeis ksmqK;djkaf.ka 100] la wdjrKh jk fia ilid .ekSu
ld, igyk( l%shdldrlï uq,a lr .;a ld, igykla ilid f.k ;sîu yd tu ld, igyfka(
l;kaor$.S$rx.k$jdok$ks¾udK$ridiajdo úrduh i|yd bv i,id .ekSu
t<suyka úrduh i|yd bv i,id .ekSu
.fõIK$ksÍlaIK pdßld i|yd bv i,id .ekSu
m%cd i;aldr i|yd bv i,id .ekSu
fjk;a l%shdldrlï i|yd bv i,id .ekSu
mdvu ie,iqï( iEu l%shdldrlula i|yd mdvï ie,iaula ;sîu yd
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